STD-ASTM ALS3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 MM O7S9S10 Ob07b57 823 a afl Designation: A 193/A 193M - 97a /AUERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATENALS noeraod ty Mantacurers Standen Soc ‘ta Valve aa Pings raat) ‘Use in USNAC ADT standards ‘eptember Soe AST Sana Copah AST Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High- Temperature Service’ ‘his tandad is ssl under the ised designation A 13/4 193M: the number mmedately following the designation nice the ese ‘of eiinal adoption rn the ease of revision, he per of revision. A nurber i parethsss acts the year of la epprval A supesrpt epsilon ( indeates n eal charge since the ast revision oe rppoval ‘This standard has Been epproved frase by agencies of the Deparment of Defense. 1, Scope 1.1 This specification? covers alloy and stainless stee! bolt- ing material for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for high-temperature service. The term “bolting material” as used in this specification covers bars, bolts, screws, studs, stud bolts and wire. Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought. The ‘material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless stee! may be carbide solution treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened, 1.2 Several grades are covered, including ferritic steels und austenitic stainless steels designated B 5, B 8, etc. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical prop- cnties, and high-temperature characteristics, Nore I—The commince formulating this specification has included fifteen stel types that have been rather extensively used for the present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the ‘committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. [Nore 2—For grades of alloystel bolting material suitable for use at the lower range of high-temperature applications, reference should be ‘made 19 Specification A 354, [Note 3—For grades ofalloy-stee! bolting material suitable for use in low-temperature applications, reference should be made to Specifation ‘A 320/4 320M. 1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 14, 1.4 Supplementary Requirements $1 through $8 are pro- vided for use when additional tests or inspection are desired, These shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. 1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate- rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units. "This speciation is under the json of ASTM Commitee AI on Stel ‘Stainless Ste. und Relat Alloysand isthe det responsibly of Subsommites| ‘A0122 on Valves, Fitings, Bolg, and Fangs for High and Sebatmosphene iret edition approved Mach 10, and June 10, 1997. Publied December 1997. Originally published as A 199-367 Late previous edition A 193) 1930456 *'For ASME Boiler and Presse Vessel Code applictons see reed Spel ation SA-193 in Seaton Il of that Code 1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units, are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the ‘SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must 'be used independently of the other. Combining values from the ‘two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- cation, 2. Referenced Documents 21 ASTM Standards: ‘A28/A 29M_ Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold Finished? A I94/A 194M. Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service® A320/A 320M. Specification for Alloy Stee! Bolting Me- terials for Low-Temperature Service® ‘A354 Specification for Quenched and ‘Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasten- ‘A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products! * AATSIA4T9M Specification for Stainless and Heat- Resisting Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels® A 484/A. 484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Bars, Billets, and Forgings? A7SI Test Methods, Practices, and ‘Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products® A788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require- ments? E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness. and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials” E21 Practice for Elevated Temperature Tension ‘Tests of Metallic Materials? 3 mut Book af AST Stondards, ol OLS ‘Annual Rook ef ASTM Standards, YOON * Annual Book of ASTM Stondaris. Vo 15.08 “ Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vl 0103 annual Book of ASTM Stondans, VoL O30.STD-ASTM ALQ3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 MM 0759520 Ob07658 767 ml (ih) A 193/8 193M E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials? E150 Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under Conditions of Rapid Heating and Short Times® E151 Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating and Conven- tional or Rapid Strain Rates* E292 Practice for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch ‘Tension Tests of Materials? E328 Methods for Stress-Relaxation Tests for Materials and Structures” E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and Rating ‘Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets, Blooms and Forgings” E 566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting, of Ferrous Metals” E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination” F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop- erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, and Rivets'® 22. ANSI Standards:"' BL.1 Screw Threads B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws B 18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws 2.3 AIAG Standard: AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Appli- cation Standard”? 3. Ordering Information 3.1 The inquiry and order for material under this specifica tion shall include the following as required to describe the ‘material adequately: 3.1.1 Specification, designation, year date, and grade. 3.1.2 Heat-treated condition (that is, normalized and tem- peted, or quenched and tempered, for the ferritic materials, and carbide solution treated (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), and carbide solution treated and strain hardened (Classes 2, 2B and 2C), for the austenitic stainless steels; Classes 1B and IC apply to the carbide solution-treated nitrogen-bearing stainless steels; Class ID applies to material carbide solution treated by cooling rapidly from the rolling temperature) 3.1.3 Quantity (that is, number of pieces or weight), 3.1.4 Description of items required (that is, bars, bolts, serews, o studs), 3.1.5 Dimensions (that is, diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, and threads), ® Discontined, see 1983 Antal Book of ASTM Standards, Vl 030 “Anal Book of ASTM Stndrds, ol 0303. dual Book of ASTM Sandan, Nol 13.08. "Ava fom Amica National Standards Ie, 11 West 208 St, 13th Flos, New York, NY 10036 "grail from Avtomive Industry Acton Croup, 26200 Laser, Suite 200, Sout, 448034, 3.1.6 Nuts, 14.1, 3.1.7 Supplementary requirements, if any, and 3.1.8 Special requirements, in accordance with 6:3, 6.6, 113, 15.1, 16.1, 18.1, and 17.1 4, Manufacture (Process) 4.1 The steel shall be produced by any of the following processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, electric-furnace or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The primary melting method may incorporate separate degassing of refining. The molten steel may be vacuum-treated priot to or during pouring of the ingot or strand casting, The basic-oxygen process shall be limited to steels containing not over 6 % chromium. 4.2 Quality—To ensure soundness, ferrtic steel bars and wire shall be tested in accordance with Method E 381, or other suitable method as agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer. When bar or wire is supplied, the bar or wire producer shall perform the test. When fasteners are supplied, either the bar or wire producer or the fastener producer, as agreed upon between them, shall perform the test. Quality control procedures shall be sufficient to demonstrate that the testing was performed and that the results were acceptable. A bar lot consisting of one heat or 10 000 Ibs whichever is smaller, shall be represented by a minimum of one macroetch. Visual ‘examination of transverse sections shall show no imperfections worse than the macrographs of Method E 381 S4-R4-C4 or equivalent as agreed upon. Distinct zones of solidification shall not be present, 5, Discard 5.1 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. if required by purchaser, in accordance with 6, Heat Treatment 6.1 Ferrtic steels shall be properly heat treated as best suits, the high-temperature characteristics of each grade, Immedi ately after rolling or forging, the bolting material shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the cooling transfor mation range, The materials which are to be furnished in the Tiquid-quenched condition shall then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus reheated being known as a “quenching charge") and quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for each quenching charge. Use of water quenching is prohibited for any ferritic grade when heat treatment is part of the fastener ‘manufacturing process. This prohibition does not apply to heat treated bar or to fasteners machined therefrom. Material Grade B16 shall be heated to a temperature range of 1700° to 1750°F [925° to 954°C] and oil quenched. The materials that are (0 be furnished in the normalized or air-quenched condition shall be reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain and cooled uniformly in air to a temperature below the transfor- ‘mation temperature range. The material, whether liquid- ‘quenched or normalized, shall then be uniformly reheated for tempering. The minimum tempering temperature shall be as specified in Table 2.STD-ASTM ALS3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 2997 Ml 0759530 Ob07659 LTL mm 4) A 19978 193M TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)* Tne Fonte Stele iderfeaton Sto! os a ana Bax rece {3 Corum (ASI Tpe 501) 12% Chromium (IS! Type 470) ‘Si Type 40) Range Product Vara, Range Product Vaan (ver or Under? Over or Under Caton tioma ‘Or under 075 max 001 over Manganese, max 400 0.08 over 100 0.03 over Phosphorus, max oto (2.008 over 000 2.008 over Sut max ooa0 0.006 over 003 91008 over Sco | 4100 max 005 over 11.00 max 05 over Chromium 4060 030 5495 O18 Moyasnum ooo 0.05 Tipe Forte tsa lontfeaon Symbol oem Be Gree ‘Ghromiam-Achbdenun (AIS 4140, 4742, 416, CGiomiumavederum-vanacian “SOM, 42H, and 41461), Pred Varaton, Produ Varaion Range Over or Under ange (ver or Unde ‘arson oarawe 002 036047 002 Manganese reer O08 045070 03 Phosphor, max Boas 9.005 over as 1.006 over Sulu, max 080 2.008 over ou 1008 over Sticon ors03s 02 015095 bo (Crim oret20 005 080115 05 Mo}jodenum otso2s 002 soos 03 Vonadium 25038 003 ‘Aim, a Bors. De Austenitic Stele Clases 1, 18, 10, and 2 i sentation Symbol Bs, oa BRO, BCA BEM, BBA, BAND, BONS Ba BaP Grace ‘Urstanized 16 Crema Suablzed 18 Chorin ® 16 Chromiun10 Naket2 Untailized 18 Conia ckel (AIS Type 304) Nika 1 Typ9 247), oon (AISI Tyee 318) Ne (ASI Type 205 with, eatieled earbon) ProduetVaaten, Produc aration, py ‘Produ Vario, pang, Prt Varian, Farge over ocUnder® "FAP ovorer Under?” FAP Over or Under®™” R89 Gero Under Carbon, max 08 00r over 008 Lo over 008 dor over (008 Ot ver Manganese, max 2.00.04 oer 200 © antever 200 dos over 200 ok over Phosphor, max «OOKS«OGt over Dow apioever 00% —— oo10 over 0.045 O10 vee Sut max 090 0.008 aver Dox cons ever 003 0005 over 0.030 0.005 over Seon, max 100.008 over 100 aasver 100 0.05 over 100 005 ever chrom 390200 0.20 wo10 020 Woo 020 170-190 0.20 Nike! Bo105 015 9010 048 sor 048 105330 015 Moybdenum 200800 040 Coumtium + 10 xcarton 005 under ‘actalum content, Twe Austoniie Stele Classe 1A, 18, 1D, and 2 identiction Sb BN, BNA IN, BaNINA BeULGuN, BOMLCANA Grade ‘AISI Type 204N) (SI Type S16N) peta, 20 Gvomium, 18 Nel, & Moiodenum with rotted aon Fr reduc Varaion, = Product Variation, Range ange vor or Une | Range vero Unde ‘arbor max ‘08 001 over O08 001 over 20 Manganese, max 200 0.4 over 200 04 over 100 Prosphows, max 0s 0.010 over 04s: 0010 over 0.030 ‘Suite max 0.080 0.008 over 0.0% 0.008 over 000 Slicer, ma 100 0.08 over 100 0.06 over 080 CCrvomiom tao200 = 020 180-180 020 195205, Nieket 0705 015 300140 ois vsi85 ‘Moyodenum 200300 010 sos ‘Niogon dino = aot o10016 oot O1e022 Sooper 050-100 3STD-ASTM ALV3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 MM O759510 OLO7b60 318 mm jp A 193/A 193M TABLE 1 Continued Tre “useniie Seas Cases 1. 1A and? icerateaten Synbot B87, 667A Grace ‘aod 18 Gorian-8 Nek (WS! Type 62 = Produ rian Over of Una Gatton max 208 Manganese, mx 200 Phoshons, max cots Sul, max uso Sie, mx +00 Nett soo rem i7oa80 ‘ann Ercarbon cover in Te Aucune Stet Cases 1C and 10 icerteaten Symbol ____ Ban. Bana 255, ESA Grado 7 Ghvemivn13 Rixas Manganese Te Grerion'8 Neko Seon + Nope Prout Varin rat Varaton, erge Over or Ure Penge Over or Unde Carton max 008 001 or ano G0 ever Marganove soso 005 r090 a0, Prosprus max oto 0005 over oo {005 over ‘utr max 080 005 rer 080, «005 over Sicon ‘00 mae Oa ove a545 015 Chromium 2o5235 025 teo180 a0 Nel nes O15 e090 ao Metyosonam 1503.00 610 Nirogon 020040 ae 08018 on Cotambum + aan 10030 005 vara 10030 ae Te ‘Austere Seas, Classes 1, And 10 icertzaton Sbat Bain, BaINA BENIN, BMWA Seace (Si Te 500 win vested career) (ST STON win retied eaten) a rode Varin aS rosa arin ange Over Unde deo rer or Unser” Sarton 2030 0.005 over om00 2005 oer Manganese 200 Cot over 200, Sou ovr Prephors, mac 004s O10 over 046 D010 0" Sutin mae 030 005 over tao 0.095 oe" ‘Steen +00 Cos over ‘00 0.05 or ‘ever aoz00 020 i600 020 Nt sors ors joot40 as Netyosenam 200300 a0 aooen| coors oo orware aot “he intotonladalton of Bi Sa, Te and Pb isnot ported * Product analyie—ndvoual determinations sometimes vary rem the specsled mits on anges as shown inthe tables. The several determinations of any indvidua cement ina nest may na vary both above ans teow tbo spoatod argo ‘Zorba sizes ver Sin (20m, ns, to carbon conn maybe 0.50 %e, max. For the G7M grade, a imum carbon content of 0.28% Is permit provided that he raquiod tenalepropertes are met in tho secon 8265 vue he usec AISI 430 or 40H i lowed ‘Total of soluble and soul Classes 1 and 1D aro solution Veal, Clases 1, 18 and ome 1C (BBR and BES) procclsao made rom sluten ested mate. Class 1A (BBA, BCA, COMA, BPA.BETA BELNA, SEMLNA, BENA and BEMINA) and some Clase TC (BORA and BUSA) produits are sluton Wssed in he inshed conten. Cass 2 products are feluton toad and ean PardoneaSTD-ASTM AL93/AL93N REV A-ENGL 1997 MM 0759510 ObO7bb1 254 mm Gi) A 193/A 193M TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements Micimum Tense Yall Strength, Elngaton Reducton Haross, Tempeing —Steng, "mn. ntD. olAta, max Grae iameter, in. (re) ‘Temperature, min, ki fst, min, % in, % Perel Patt Pa) Fer Sele 35 410.6% chrorsam up 04 [00 fe ‘100 593) 100,600) en s80} «© 28 19% erromim wp 4100, 1100 593) 04780) as ses} a) bx 19 %ehemium upto 4 (109 a Hoo (885) 90620) 70485) 18 5s HRC er Cronidmebderum wp to 26 (65), ne ‘100 9) s25(860) 10520) 1850 sz Hor 3S HC over 241041651 100) cl 1100(590) 5,75) 55) 169M SOHC over 410710010 180) et HoD(SRa}—100(600) 754515) eB HRC ont CCromismmabederum up 2% (61 in 1is0,620] —s00(600) e080) 18 285 HBr one over 210416510 100) nd 19501620) 100,690) 00(550) 10 aN oon ver 4197 10010 180, nel 19501620) 100600) 751518) 18 0 5 BNor oon ars Ctromsimmolederumvanadm yp to 2 65) i 2001850) 125,860) 105,725) 18 6 ator aS HR over 20 465% 100) het 200850) 140 (780) 95 (655 7 ahr SHR ‘over 4107 [10010 1605 el 1200 (860) 100(600) 05 (586 16 45 a7 Bor 20HR serale ‘old Engaon poe stengtn, Mi) Redon anges, (ass and Grado, Diam (o] Heat Toten? Sveng mmo? min of Aa, 2 Nn Sotset nn ca (ural seis ‘lasses 1 ana 10:68, BBN, BOP, BOLN, carbide soon Wea 75 55) wii a) «CRO Bose RB BBMLN, al ametrs (aes 1 8, 8 a abide sluton teated 75,515) so (20s) 050-228 HB or eH ‘arate Css 1A: B2A.BSCA, SOWA. SEPA, carbide soliton Westen the fhished 75 515) so (20s) 050 Te HB or SoH DSTA, BHLNA, BOMLNA. BONA, BBMNA Condon Classes 18 and 10: 69N, BUN, ard carbide sli ested 0 50) ssi] 900 2ea HB or gS RE BOMLCUN, all ators asses 1C and 10: 69R cametore care soliton tested 10 90) 55 (000) 555 ar HmorzaHAC Cass 1: BORA, a ameters arbide soliton Wate inthe Hshed 100 [oso Sis] BS weaB HRC eraon Classes 1C and 10: 865, al ameter carbide soliton Weated 5 [6s 5015) 3555 HworzaHAC Gln 16: 888A, Cate Soliton esl nth shed E55 BOIS) 35S BAB Or 2B HRC ‘i aneion condon Css 2:88, 880, BBP, G6, and BEN. cai sluton eaed and stain 125 860) joole} 2S se Boras HRC 9120) and ee ‘arenes {Wor 1 1, (200 251k 119 705 sols] 55ST Bocas HRC ter 10 1425 32] 105 (725) sliso] 2) SRI HBOS HRC ver 44 4 [92 640 10 90) Solis) 23ST HBOS RE (ls 2: 86M, BAHN, BNKLCUN® cat acluton eted and stan 110700) 96065) 1845 aR HB ors HRC 2) an uncer hardened ‘vero 1 20 t 25) in 100 (600 sols) = 24s set Horas HRC Seer 1% (5 rl 95 (685) 85s) 2545 SRT HBOS HAC ver 41015 8219 nel 90 (620 5O(] 3045 SRI HB Or BS HAC los 89, 202" carte soliton tealed and stain 88 [65] Tis!) 25 REN HB OS HRC ‘arenes 2 (1) ana nger vr 21 (6 62 el 0 (620 esee0) 30 a21 Ho or 9S HRCSTD-ASTM AL93/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1597 MM 0759510 ObO7bb2 190 mm qb A 1939/4 193M. TABLE 2 Continued Yield Elongation aoe Seng nD. RedicIOn—odneas, (ass and Grade, ameter) Hest Treatment? sueraih min02—min% ofiea, arose, neal ose win ssilvPal Testi Sea ‘ver 2 19 863 nel 30 (550 we) 20 HBorgS HAG cies 20: Ban? carte soliion veates and stain 85 (585) 6560) 30). SAT HB OF SS HAG Fardonee 251) ana nde 215i 5 [505 eo (sis 9060 Sat HB or a5 HAC 36 eels requrerers, he Binal hardnoss shal bo over 200 HB (83 HRB). Class {is sailon reain, Clas tA elton ead inthe fished conditon fr carsion esstance: het eaiment is rial due to physical proprty requirement Class 2s colton eated and sain hardened. Ausente sts in he saihardenedcanditon may not show unr properestreughout the ston pariuay in S295 over 318. 20 mm in amt ‘Sor ezoe 20 min ameter and ema For eharotere 1 [38] and over, cet (eae) pop 6.1.1 Quenched and tempered or normalized and tempered ferrtic material that is subsequently cold drawn for dimen- sional control shall be stress-relieved after cold drawing. The minimum stress-relief temperature shall be 100°F [55°C] below the tempering temperature. Tests for mechanical prop- erties shall be performed after stress relieving. 6.2 Both B6 and B6X materials shall be held, at the tempering temperature for a minimum time of 1 h. Identifica- tion Symbol B 6X material may be furnished in the as-rolled- and-tempered condition. Cold working is permitted with the hardness limitation (26 HRC maximum) of Table 2 for the BOX grade. 6.3 All austenitic stainless steels shall receive a carbide solution treatment. Classes 1, 1B, IC (Grades B8R and B8S only), 2, 2B, and 2C can apply to bar, wire, and finished fasteners. Class 1A (all grades) and Class 1C (grades B8RA and BBSA only) can apply to finished fasteners. Class 1D applies only to bar and wire and finished fasteners that are machined directly from Class ID bar or wire without any subsequent hot or cold working. 63.1 Classes 1 and 1B, and Class 1C Grades B&R and B8S—Atter rolling of the bar, forging, or heading, whether done hot or cold, the material shall be heated from ambient temperature and held a sufficient time at a temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then shall be cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide. 6.3.2 Class ID—Rolled or forged Grades B8, B8M, BSP, BSLN, BEMLN, BSN, B8MN, BSR, and B8S bar shall be cooled rapidly immediately following hot working while the temperature is above 1750°F [955°C], so that grain boundary carbides are in solutioin, (See A479-88) and subsequent revisions). Class ID shall be restricted to applications at temperatures less than 850°F [455°C]. 6.33 Class IA and Class 1C Grades BSRA and B8SA— Finished fasteners shall be carbide solution treated after all rolling, forging, heading, and threading operations are com- plete. This designation does not apply to starting material such a bar. Fasteners shall be heated from ambient temperature and held a sufficient time at @ temperature at which the chromium, carbide will go into solution and then shall be cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation ofthe carbide. mum harass ct 241 H (100 HAS) Is pamitod 2 may be lower han Indicated ty tet repos which are based on valves datermine at ¥ aus 634 Classes 2, 2B, and 2C—Matertial shall be carbide solution treated by heating from ambient temperature and holding a sufficient time at a temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then cooling at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide. Following this treatment the material shall then be strain hardened to achieve the required properties. Nore 4—Heat weatmont following operation performed ona limited portion ofthe product, sich as heading, may result n now-aniform pain Size and mechanical properies though Ue Seton aete 64 If scale-free bright finish is required, this shall be specified in the purchase order. 65 B7 and B7M bolting material shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium and tempering. For BTM bolting, the final heat treatment, which may be the tempering operation if conducted at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, shall be done afer all machining and forming operations, including thread rolling, are complete 65.1 Unless otherwise specified, material for Grade B7 may be heat treated by the Furnace, the Induction or the Electrical Resistance method, ors $—It should be taken into consideration that stress-tlaxtion properties may vary fom heat lot heat ot oe these properties may vary from one heat eating method 0 another The purchaser may specify Requirement S8, fstese-rlaxation testing is dese. 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 Each alloy shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table 1. Steels with added lead shall not be used. 7.2 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for the ordered grade to the extent that the stel conforms to the requirements of another grade for which that element is a specified element. Furthermore, elements present in concentra- tions greater than 0.75 weight/% shall be reported. Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods ATI 8. Heat Analysis 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements specified in Section 7. This analysis shall be made from a testSTD-ASTM ALS3/A193N REV A-ENGL 1597 MM 0759510 Ob07b63 027 a ib A 193/A 193M specimen taken during the pouring of the heat. The chemical composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchaser's representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7. For strand cast materials, the requirements of 8.2 and 8.3 of Specification A 788 shall be met. Should the purchaser deem it necessary to have the transition zone of two heats sequentially cast discarded, the purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement $3 of Specification A 788, 9. Product Analysis, 9.1 An analysis may be made by the purchaser from samples representing the bolting material. The chemical com- position thus determined shall conform to the requirements of Section 7 10, Mechanical Properties 10.1 Tensile Properties: 10.1.1 Requirements— The material as represented by the tension specimens shall conform to the requirements. pre- scribed in Table 2 at room temperature after heat treatment. 10.1.2 Method of Test— Tension test shall be made in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370, includ- ing the parts of Annex A 3" Steel Fasteners” applicable to ‘machined test specimens. The speed of testing shall not exceed the limits specified in 11.4.1 of Test Methods and Definitions, A310. The yield strength corresponding to a limiting perma- nent offset of 0.2 % of the gage length of the specimen shall be determined, 10.1.3 Full Size Fasteners, Wedge Tensile Testing—When applicable, see 11.1.5, headed fasteners shall be wedge tested full size in accordance with Annex A3 of A 370 and shall conform to the tensile strength shown in Table 2. The minimum full size breaking strength (Ibf) for individual sizes shall be as follow: Ts UTS x As o where: Ts = Wedge tensite strength UTS = Tensile strength specified in Table 2, and As = Stress area, square inches, as shown in ANSI BI.1 or calculated as follows: As = 01785 (D-(0.974in)? @ where: D = Nominal thread Size, and n= The number of threads per inch. 10.2 Hardness Requirements: 10.2.1 The hardness shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2, Hardness testing shall be performed in accordance with either Test Methods and Definitions A 370 ot with Test Methods F606. Except for Grade B7M, final acceptance is based on tensile strength when there is @ conflict between tensile and hardness results 10.22 Grade B7M—The maximum hardness of the grade shall be 235 HB or 99 HRB (conversion in accordance with Table 2B of Test Methods and Definitions A370). The ‘minimum hardness shall not be less than 200 HB or 93 HRB. Conformance to this hardness shall be insured by testing the hardness of each stud or bolt by Brinell or Rockwell B methods in accordance with 10.2.1. The use of 100 % electromagnetic testing for hardness as an alternative to 100 % indentation hardness testing is permissible when qualified by sampling using indentation hardness testing. Each lot tested for hardness clectromagnetically shall be 100 % examined in accordance with Practice E 566. Following electromagnet hhardness a random sample of a minimum of 100 hheat of stee! in each purchase lot (as defined in 11.1.3) shall be tested by indentation hardness methods. All samples must meet hhardness requirements to permit acceptance of the lot. If any cone sample is outside of the specified maximum or minimum hhardness, the lot shall be rejected and either reprocessed and resampled or tested 100 % by indentation hardness methods. In the event a controversy exists relative to minimum strength, tension tests shall prevail over hardness readings. Product, which has been 100 % tested and found acceptable shall have a line under the grade symbol. 10.2.2.1 Surface preparation for indentation hardness testing shall be in accordance with Test Methods E 18, Hardness tests shall be performed on the end of the bolt or stud. ‘When this is impractical, the hardness test shall be performed elsewhere. 11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance LLL Bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts shall be pointed and shall have a workmanlike finish. Points shall be flat and chamfered or rounded at option of the manufacturer, Length of, point on studs and stud bolts shall be not less than one nor more than two complete threads as measured from the extreme end parallel to the axis. Length of studs and stud bolts shall be ‘measured from first thread 0 first thread, 1.2 Standard permissible variations for dimensions of bars shall be as prescribed in Table 3. Aside from the tolerance given in Table 3, additional tolerances for the basic materials are given in Specification A29/A 29M and Specification AABWIA 484M, Tatest revisions. 11.3 Bolt heads shall be in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.1. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the Heavy Hex Screws Series should be used, except the ‘maximum body diameter and radius of fillet may be the same as for the Heavy Hex Bolt Series, The body diameter and head fillet radius for sizes of Heavy Hex Cap Screws and Bolts that are not shown in their respective tables in ANSI B18.2.1 may be that shown in the corresponding Hex Cap Screw and Bolt Tables respectively. Socket head fasteners shall be in accordance with ANSI BI8.3, 12, Retests 12.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do not conform to the requirements specified, the manufacturer ay retreat such lot not more than twice, in which case two additional tension tests shall be made from such lot, all of which shall conform to the requirements specified. 13. Test Specimens 13.1 Tension test specimens taken from finished bolts, screws, studs, of stud bolts shall be machined to the form andSTD-ASTM ALT3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 Ml 0759510 Ob07bb4 Th3 Ml (Gp A 1937/0 193M TABLE 3_ Permissible Variations in Size of Hot Rolled Bars Specked Sa erniaabieVaratons fom Spaced Sze Cat Roane in (men Bee pere nappEria ee pert eetree eerste ae Fel and der aos ong a0 09 sce 02 Over Hata ett el 06 ons ce os Ste os Over ata $016) cor ore co? ote Save os Over 61078 22s 008 om See oan oor om Oreo 1 sh et oo00 om Soe oz oo O38 Seer to 14 (25) el oro oes om O38 oats 038 Geer e102) et oon oe oon oz core oat Over eto 18h nt cone a0 cone om core owe Over 14 fo 188) el oo a6 cant oe oaet 033 Over 1802 (60h el ‘ee oa * 039 oes ose Over 2 to 26 65h et * a7 ° 3 oes ose Over a8 2 0) el * 148 o ° ass om ter Sto [45 et * is ° ° oot 7 Sher ao si 40) nt “ to8 ° ° oon lar ‘Over Si to 6 (165) el * ate ° ° oar in Over 6 fo 7 (160 nt * ar ° ° 0s BH dimensions and shall be taken from positions shown in 15. Threads ‘A3.2.1.7 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Tension Test specimens from bar stock are covered by Annex A1.3 of Test ‘Methods and Definitions A 370, Annex AL 13.1.1 Number of Tests-— For heat-treated bars, one tension test shall be made for each diameter of each heat represented in ceach tempering charge. When heat treated without interruption in continuous furnaces, the material in a lot shall be the same heat, same prior condition, same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment. Not fewer than two tension tests are required for each lot containing 20 000 Ib [9000 kg] or less. Every additional 10000 Ib [4500 kg] or fraction thereof requires one additional test 13.1.2 For studs, bolts, screws, etc., one tension test shall be made for each diameter of each heat involved in the lot. Each Jot shall consist of the following: lamer} 194 (90) ana una (ver 1 [300 144, et (var 1 45) to 2 6). et (Over 2165), Lot size 1500 8 (780 glo action thereat 4500 1b 2000 tg] or action erect 12000 1b [2700 kg] or Faction trot 00 pleces of taxon trereot 13.1.3 Tension tests are not required to be made on bolts, screws, studs, or stud bolts that are fabricated from heat-treated bars furnished in accordance with the requirements of this specification and tested in accordance with 13.1.1, provided they are not given a subsequent heat treatment, 13.14 Full Size Specimens, Headed Fasteners—Headed fasteners 1/4 in, in body diameter and smaller, with body length three times the diameter or longer, and which are produced by upsetting or forging (hot or cold) shall_be subjected to full size testing in accordance with 10.1.3. This testing shall be in addition to tensile testing as specified in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2. The lot size shall be as shown in 13.1.2. Failure shall occur in the body or threaded section with no failure, or indications of failure, such as cracks, at the junction of the head and shank. 44. Nuts 14.1 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts shall be furnished with nuts, when specified in the purchase order. Nuts shall conform to Specification A 194/A 194M. 15.1 All bolts, studs, stud bolts, and accompenying nuts, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order shall be threaded in accordance with ANSI BI.1, Class 2A fit, sizes 1 in, [25 mm] and smaller in diameter with the coarse-thread series, and 1 ¥¢ in. (28 mm] and larger in diameter with the 8-pitch-thread series. 15.2 Where practical, all threads shall be formed after heat treatment. Class 1A, Grades B8A, BSCA, B8MA, B8PA, B8TA, BSLNA, BSMLNA, BSNA, B8MNA, and BSMLCuNA, and Class 1C Grades B8RA and B8SA are to be solution treated in the finished condition. 16. Inspection 16.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have ‘entry, at all time while work on the contract of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the place of manufacture that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The ‘manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification, All tests (except product analysis) and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order and shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. 17. Rejection and Rehearing 17.1 Unless otherwise specified in the basis of purchase, any rejection based on tests made in accordance with Section 9 shall be reported (0 the manufacturer within 30 days from the receipt of samples by the purchaser. 17.2 Material that shows defects subsequent to its acceptance at the place of manufacture shall be rejected, and the manufacturer shall be notified. 17.3 Samples tested in accordance with Section 9 that represent rejected material shall be preserved for 2 weeks from the date ofthe test report. In the case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the manufacturer may make claim for a rehearing within that time,STD-ASTM AL93/A193M REV A-ENGL 1997 Ml 0759510 Ob07bb5 S17 = i) A 193/A 193M 18. Certification TABLE 5 Marking of Austonite Stets* 18.1 The producer of the raw material or finished fasteners l#88 ae Masking, shall furnish a cettiication to the purchaser or his Gast 5 Be representative showing the results ofthe chemical analysis, feo e mmacroetch examination (Carbon and Alloy Steels Only), and Pe ee mechanical tests, and state the method of heat treatment ber ar employed. oan on 182 Certification shall ako include at least the following 15.2.1 A statement that the material orthe fasteners, orboth, 851A oan sea were manufactured, sampled, tested and inspected. in aac es accordance with the specification and any supplementary arn enn requirements or other requirements designated inthe purchase feta aa order ot contact and was found to meet those requirements. oe on 18.2.2 The specification number, year date, and en by identification symbol ea aw sansoan oak 19, Product Marking —s on wou 19.1. Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall ein ey be applied to one end of studs Yin. [10 mm] in diameter and BEMLCUN on larger and to the heads of bolts in, (6 mm} in diameter and cass 1¢ een BoA larger. (Ifthe available ara is inadequate, the grade symbol sana s ‘may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's a bss B5SA or identification symbol marked on the other end.) ‘The identification symbol shall be as shown in Table 4 and Table 5. ass 1 83 Grade B7M which has been 100 % evaluated in conformance a with the specification, shall have a line under the grade symbol ain to distinguish it from B7M produced to previous specification saan ose revisions not requiting 100 % hardness testing. a 19.2 For bolting materials, including threaded bars, that are ean fumished bundled and tagged or boxed, the tags and boxes B28 shall cary the grade symbol forthe material identification and the manufacturer's identification mark or name uss 2 2 19.3 For purposes of identification marking, the B10 ‘manufacturer is considered the organization that certifies the ar fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in aN accordance with the specification and the results have been es determined to meet the requirements of this specification, el 194 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 19.2, 19.3, and 19.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary Class 28 eve identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with e ine 20 eons TABLE 4 Marking of Fertiic Steels “Cases 1,14 1B, 10,2 and BO may Be aed wih Ghar ade a = maring tte les 10 may on be manu wn rar Ne rs 3 bax Bex AIAG Standard B-S 02,00. If sed on small items, the bar code e. e ‘may be applied to the box or a substantially applied tag are oe 20. Keywords "Fer erlanstons, 5001022 ard Te 20.1. hardness; heat treatmentSTD-ASTM ALS3/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 MM 0759510 ObO7bbb 83b (i) A 199/A 193M SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS ‘These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order and in the Ordering Information, in which event the specified tests shall be made before shipment of the product. Si. High-Temperature Tests SI.1 Tests to determine high temperature properties shall be made in accordance with Practice E21, and Practices E 139, E292, E 150, and E 151 82. Charpy Impact Tests ‘82.1 Charpy impact tests based on the requirements of ‘Specification A 320/A 320M, Sections 6 and 7 shall be made as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, When testing temperatures are as low as those specified in ‘Specification A 320/A 320M, bolting should be ordered to that specification in preference to this specification, $3. 100 % Hardness Testing of Grade B7M $3.1 Each Grade B7M bolt or stud shall be tested for hardness by indentation method and shall meet the requirements specified in Table 2. S4. Hardness ‘Testing of Grade B16 ‘$4.1 For bolts or studs 2%in. [65 mm} or smaller, the hardness for Grade B16 shall be measured on of near the end ‘of each bolt or stud using one of the methods prescribed in 10.2.1 for the Brinell or Rockwell C test. The hardness shall be in the range 253-319 HB or 25-34 HRC. SS. Product Marking $5.1 Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts of all sizes, (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufactures's identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts smaller than Y in, [6 mm} in diameter and studs smaller than Yin, [10 mm} in diameter and for “4 in. (6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the ‘manufacturer. $6. Stress Relieving 6.1 A stress-relieving operation shall follow straighte! after heat treatment. ‘$6.2 The minimum stress-relieving temperature shall be 100°F [55°C] below the tempering temperature. Tests for ‘mechanical properties shall be performed after stress relieving, 8 87. Magnetic Particle Inspection $7.1 Bars shall be magnetic particle examined in accordance with Guide E709. Bars with indications of cracks lf seams are subject to rejection ifthe indications extend more than 3 % of the diameter into the bar. S8._Stress-Relaxation Testing ‘$8.1 Stress-Relaxation Testing, when required, shall be done in accordance with Practice E328, The test shall be performed at 850°F (454°C) for a period of 100 h. The initial stress shall be 50 M psi (345 MPa). The residual stress at 100 h shall be 17 M psi (117 MPa) minimum, APPENDIXES (Nonmandatory Information) Xi, STRAIN HARDENING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS XI.1 Strain hardening is the increase in strength and hardness that results from plastic deformation below the reerystallization temperature (cold work). This effect is produced in austenitic stainless steels by reducing oversized bars or wire to the desited final size by cold drawing or other process. The degree of strain hardening achievable in any alloy is limited by its strain hardening characteristics. In addition, the amount of strain hardening that can be produced is further limited by the variables ofthe process, such as the total amount ‘of cross-section reduction, die angle and bar size. In large diameter bars, for example, plastic deformation will occur principally in the outer regions of the bar, so thatthe increased strength and hardness due to strain hardening is achieved predominantly near the surface of the bar. That is, the smaller 10 the bar, the greater the penetration of strain hardening. X1.2 Thus, the mechanical properties of a given strain, hardened fastener are dependent not just on the alloy, but also ‘on the size of bar from Which itis machined. The minimum bar size that can be used, however, is established by the configuration of the fastener, so that the configuration can affect the strength of the fastener. X1.3. For example, a stud of a particular alloy and size may be machined from a smaller diameter bar than a bolt of the same alloy and size because a larger diameter bar is required to accommodate the head of the bolt. The stud, therefore, is likely to be stronger than the same size bolt in a given alloy.STD-ASTM AL93/AL93M REV A-ENGL 1997 MM O7S9510 ObO7bb? 772 i) A 193/A 193M 1X2, COMPARISON OF GRADE DESIGNATION MARKING USED FOR AUSTENITIC STEEL IN VARIOUS EDITIONS OF A 199A 193M X2.1 See Table X2.1 for Marking Cross References: TABLE X21 Marking Symbol Cross Reference ess ase ‘arkng Synbal Used Per ‘arking Symbol Usod W ATOR) Warkang Symbol Used a A 1057 Designation oA 10908 198—89 A034 ~ 80 aM 62 rough A TOA 193th ora fd Later Verona ; Be Bs Be Be 1 Bec Bec Bec Bec 1 ry ean Bote eM 1 eee eer sep eee 1 eer eer eT eer 1 Ban ALN 10 or BLN 88° BLN 1 BeMLN BeMLN Bt or BBMLN® 806 or BANLN " Bsa eA BA aa a Baca ECA 882 or BECAM £889 or BCA iN awa ew 283 or Santa 1880 or 88M 1" Pa BPA B84 or SEPA ‘BH oF BBPA ” Bava TA 1585 or BBTA* 188) or BTA a LNA LNA Bee or BELA BBL oF BELNA, a eMLNA ‘QMLNA B67 or BEMLNA* 8K o BOMLNA 1” BANA ‘BaNA 6 oF BEN BBV or BONA ” ei aMNA 9 or BSHINA™ BW or BONA a BeMLCUNA BK or BBMLCUNA 8 ean aN en BN 8 aM ‘aN 10 or B aan* 1Y or Bak 8 BBMLOUNA 1100" or BEMLCANA® ° 6 BeMLCuN ‘Bau? or BaMLCUN xc Bh er en 1894 or B8R x6 BRA Bera 91 or BER 806 or BEA ic Bas. as B65, B00 oF BAS ic BSA, Basa 202 or BEAM B0F or BASA 1D Be Boe Bo 10 eM Bose 205 10 BaP Bose B06 10 LN Bare 897 10 MUN Boe 08 10 an Boo? B08 1 ew 008 ‘100 1 BR Bore Bic 10 28s Boze Bice 2 Be a a Be 2 ec Bec. ac Bac 2 er ber eae bee 2 ber esr ber er 2 Ben en an bet 2 Bo ant ow cay 2 aun BsuIN 5 or BoM ‘BEY or Bana 2 BBMLOWN ‘ge or BoMM.Cut® ‘BAP or BBMLOAN 28 Beue ewe owe ‘be or Save 28 Bs ee 2 Bows ews soma [Boe or aN “Gp to mark with gra eymbal adoed when A 1A 14 — Gta was published late designation corcted hon A TGS Teaht 93a was published © Gate of Grade aed when A 183A 196M BTA was plshod “The American Society for Testing and Material takes no poston respecting the vay of any patent ghie west in connection with any tam mendened nh standard. Usars af tis standard are expressly advised thal catrinaton of ie VaR of any sich patent hi, and ne nak of ingore of such rots, are ero P Ox responsibly. ‘stand esto rvieion at anytime by the rasponsi tactical commits and must be reviewed every ve years and \tootreveed eer reapproved or ncran. Your comments re vlog ee for rion fh standard for ede sandaas fan should be athessed to ASTI Hoadquartrs. Your comments Wil feeive cre consioradon at 2 meeting ofthe response {echnical conmites, which you may aan. ou Toa! al your conmens have no ecehe af hoaring you sh make YOU" ‘ons krown fo te ASTM Commie on Standards, 100 Bar Harbor Dive, West Conshonocken, PA 19428.