6/23/2016

ExtradosedbridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Extradosedbridge
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Anextradosedbridgeemploysastructurethatis
frequentlydescribedasacrossbetweenagirderbridge
andacablestayedbridge.[1]Thenamecomesfromthe
Frenchwordextradoss,[2]whichisderivedfromthe
wordextrados,theexteriorcurveofanarch.

Extradosedbridge

Thisdescriptionissomewhatdeceptive,sincemany
cablestayedbridgeshavesomesortofboxgirderdeck.
Thedifferenceisoneofdegrees.
Atypicalcablestaybridgehasatowerwithaheight
abovethedeckatleasthalfthespantothenextsupport,
sincethecablesaretheverticalsupportandmustcomeat
arelativelyhighangle.
Inanextradosedbridge,thedeckisdirectlysupportedby
restingonpartofthetower,sothatclosetothetowerthe
deckcanactasacontinuousbeam.Thecablesfroma
lowertowerintersectwiththedeckonlyfurtherout,and
atalowerangle,sothattheirtensionactsmoreto
compressthebridgedeckhorizontallythantosupportit
vertically.Thusthecablestaysactasprestressingcables
foraconcretedeck,whethermadewithIbeamgirdersor
aboxgirder.Thedeckofanextradosedbridgecanbe
thinnerthanthatofacomparablespanbeambridge,but
mustbethickerthanthatofaconventionalcablestayed
bridgeofcomparablespan.

TwinkleKisogawaBridge,Kuwana,Mie,Japan
Ancestor

Boxgirderbridge,cablestayed
bridge

Related

Lowtowercablestayed

Descendant

none

Carries

Pedestrians,vehicles,lightrail,
heavyrail

Spanrange

Medium

Material

Concrete

Movable

No

Designeffort

High

Falsework
required

no

Extradosedbridgesarerelativelyexpensiveandmaterialinefficient.Almostanyspanthatcouldbebridged
byanextradosedbridgecouldbespannedmoreinexpensivelywithacontinuousgirder,ormoreefficiently
(butatevengreatercost)withacablestayed.Inmostcasesthespansareshortenoughthattheuseofcables
isanaesthetic,ratherthanengineeringnecessitated,choice.Thisdoesnotimplythatisa"bad"choice,
sinceinsomecasesthedifferenceincostandefficiencyissmall,andtheextradosedtypeisaveryelegant
form.
Itisdebatablewhetheran"extradosed"typeevenexistsseveralnotabledesignsamounttoextradosed
bridges,buthaveneverbeendescribedasotherthan"cablestayed".Forexample,ChristianMennbuilttwo
notablebridgesinSwitzerlandthatfittheextradoseddescription:GanterBridgeandSunnibergBridge.
Theyareconsistentlydescribedas"hollowboxcablestayed"or"lowtowercablestayed".Threebridgesin
theUnitedStatesusetheextradosedmoniker:thePearlHarborMemorialBridgeinConnecticut,whichis
currentlyunderconstruction,andtwoInterstate35frontageroadbridgesoverBrazosRiverinWaco,Texas,
completedin2014.ThetermappearstobemorepopularinEastAsiaandLatinAmerica.Itisstillavery
rareform,withStructuraelisting36entries,withmorethanhalfeitherinplanningorconstructionrather
thancompletedandinuse.[3]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradosed_bridge

1/5

6/23/2016

ExtradosedbridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Instructuralperspective,themaindifferencesbetweencablestayedandextradosedbridgetypesareload
participationratio,whichaffectsdesignaspectiveofcablemembers.Sincecablestayedbridgestotallyrely
ontheirverticalloadtocablemembers,extradosedbridgesusuallyrelytheirloadononly20%to50%to
cable,andremainingportioniscoveredbythegirderwhichismorestiffthanthestiffeninggirderina
cablestayedbridge.Itisusualthatthemaindesignconstraintinacablestayedbridgeisfatigueofcable
andanchoragesystem.Inextradosedbridges,fatigueisnotabigconcernsinceliveloadusuallycreates
onlyasmallamountofstressvariationinthecablesbecauseofthestiffnessratiobetweenacableandthe
girder.Costwise,allowablestressesforcablesincablestayedbridgesarealwayssmallerthanextradosed
bridgetypesinmaydesigncodebecauseoffatigueconcernandtypesofanchorcanbechosenfor
externaltendonanchoragesysteminextradosedbridgeratherthancablestayedbridgetypewhichway
moreexpensive.Generally,extradosedbridgesdonotrequiretensionreadjustment(tuneup)beforeservice
becauseitscablesactasexternaltendons.
ThelargestbridgeofthistypeisTwinkleKisogawaBridgeinJapanandthewidestextradosedbridgeinthe
worldisBridgeinMszananearWodzisawlski(Poland).

Contents
1 Bycountry
1.1 Bolivia
1.2 Canada
1.3 India
1.4 Latvia
1.5 Pakistan
1.6 Poland
1.7 SriLanka
1.8 UnitedStates
1.9 Thailand
2 References

Bycountry
Bolivia
TheTripletsarethefirstthreeextradosedconcretebridgesinBolivia.Theconstructionofabeltway
allowingtrafficdecongestioninthecityofLaPazwascompletedin2010.Thenewelevatedroadcrosses
threeparallelvalleyswithsignaturebridges.Thesethreeconsecutivebridgeshavesimilarfeaturesandasa
resultarecalledtheTriplets.Allthreespanstructuresaremadeofconcrete,withmaximumspanof
372feet,featuringextradosedprestressedconcrete.[4]Thestructuresarebuiltusingbalancedcantilever
segmentalconstruction.Theelevationofthebridgesreachesheightsbetween130and197ftabovethe
bottomofthevalley,whichmadeacablestayedbridgeoption,withpylonshigherthan82ftabovethe
deck,inappropriateforthesite.Therefore,itwasproposedanextradosedbridgetype,whichreducesthe
heightofthepylon,andasingleplaneofstaystoallowamoretransparentview.Thebridgesweredesigned
byPEDELTA.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradosed_bridge

2/5

6/23/2016

ExtradosedbridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Canada
TheNorthArmBridgeisatransitonlybridgeofSkyTrainCanada
Line,connectingVancouverwithitssuburbofRichmondcrossing
overtheFraserRiver.ThebridgewentintoserviceonAugust17,
2009,coincidingwiththeopeningoftheCanadaLine.[5]
TheGoldenEarsBridge,crossestheFraserRiverbetweenthe
municipalitiesofPittMeadows/MapleRidgeandLangley.Itisthe
longestextradosedbridgeinNorthAmerica.[6]Thebridgeopenedto
trafficonJune16,2009.

India

NorthArmBridgeoftheCanada
Line

India'sfirstextradosedbridgewasbuiltbyLarsen&ToubroLtd.for
theSecondVivekanandaBridgeTollcorporationoverriverHooghly,Kolkata.Thisbridgeis880metres
long,withaspanof110metres.

Latvia
TheSouthernBridgeovertheDaugavaRiverinRiga,Latvia,ispresentlythebiggestconstructionproject
inLatviaanditscapitalcity,Riga.InworkvolumeitcanonlybecomparedtotheIslandBridgethatwas
builtinthe1970s.WorkonthedevelopmentoftheSouthernBridgeprojectstartedin2002,whentheCity
DevelopmentDepartmentoftheRigaCityCouncildevelopedthedesigntaskfortherouteofthebridge,
whichwouldconnectVienbasAnenueontheleftbankoftheDaugavaRiverandtheSlvuRoundabouton
therightbank.TheSouthernBridgeoverrepresentsamultispanextradosedstructureof49.5+77+5110
+77+49.5metreswithsixtrafficlanes.Thetotallengthofthebridgeis803metres.Thewidthis34.28
metres.Therearesixpylons,eachataheight13.33metresabovetheroadwaypavement.Eachpylonhas
eightpairsofcables.[7]

Pakistan
PakistaninaugurateditsfirstextradosedbridgefortrafficonAugust21,2014.TheEarthquakeMemorial
BridgewasbuiltinfouryearsontheJhelumRiverinMuzaffarabad,thecapitalofAzadJammuKashmir
regionofPakistan.Thebridgeis60metresabovetheriverand246metrelong.Thecablestayed
extradosedbridgewasdesignedandfundedbytheJapanInternationalCooperationAgencyatthecostof
approximatelyRs1.5billion.ThebridgeconnectsNaluchiandChattarareasofMuzaffarabadreduced
commutingdurationbyanhour.

Poland
ThelargestextradosedbridgeinEurope,oneofthelargestintheworld,wascompletedinJuly2013and
wasplannedtoopentotrafficon26JulyovertheVistulaRiverinKwidzyn,Poland.[8]Thetotallengthof
thebridgeis808.5metres(2,653ft)withthemainspanof204m.Thebridgehasbeencommissionedby
GeneralDirectorateforNationalRoadsandHighways,designedbyTransprojektGdanskiandisbuiltby
BudimexandFerrovialAgromanatacostof90millionEUR.Inadditiontothebridge,threemoreflyovers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradosed_bridge

3/5

6/23/2016

ExtradosedbridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

withtotallengthof1028.4mandtwobridgesoverthe
riversMyskaStrugaandLiwawillbeformed.Parts
ofbridge:
ThebridgeovertheVistulaRiverinlength
L=808m,rangespans79+130+2204+130+70m
Elpart
L=144.4m,breadthspans36+36++36+35.4m
E2part
L=479.6m,breadthspans59,4+6x59,4+59,3m

402meterbridgeinMszananearWodzisawlski
isthewidestextradosedbridgeintheworld.

E3part
L=409.5m,breadthspans59,3+5x60+49,3maboveobjectsareconstructionofprestressedconcretebox
threespanbridgeovertheriverLiwalength51mspan15,7+19,6+15,7m
bridgeovertheMynwkariver3passesforanimalsspansthe14,3m1localtrafficviaductspanof
30m
ThebridgewasopenedonJuly26,2013.[9]
ThewidestextradosedbridgeintheworldisMostautostradowywMszanie(MA532)onA1autostrada
(Poland).

SriLanka
SriLanka'sRoadDevelopmentAuthorityisplanningtoconstructanextradosedbridgeoverKelaniRiver
aspartofaprojectaimedatimprovingtrafficconditionaroundexistingNewKelaniBridge.[10]The
constructionwillbeginin2017.

UnitedStates
ThefirstextradosedbridgeintheU.S.isthenorthboundspanofthePearlHarborMemorialBridgethat
carriesInterstate95(ConnecticutTurnpike)overtheQuinnipiacRiverinNewHaven,Connecticut,which
openedtotrafficonJune22,2012.ThesouthboundspanopenedonAugust19,2015.[11]Another
extradosedbridgeisplannedtocrosstheSt.CroixRiverbetweenOakParkHeights,MinnesotaandSt.
Joseph,Wisconsinandbecompletedby2017.
ThesecondandthirdextradosedbridgesintheU.S.areInterstate35frontageroadspansovertheBrazos
RiverinWaco,Texas.ConstructionbeganinJuly2012andthebridgeswerededicatedinJuly2014.They
arethefirstextradosedbridgestobeconstructedinTexas.[12][13]

Thailand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradosed_bridge

4/5

6/23/2016

ExtradosedbridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

MahaChetsadaBodinthranusonBridge(Nonthaburi1bridge)isthefirstextradosedbridgeinThailand.
The4.3kilometreNonthaburi1Bridgelinksthewesternside(BangKrangandBangSriMuang
subdistricts)withtheeasternpartoftheNonthaburiprovince(SuanYaiandTalatKwansubdistricts)anda
newroadconnectingwithRatchaphruekRoad.

References
1.Benaim,Robert(2007).TheDesignofPrestressedConcreteBridges(Googlebooks(Preview)).Routledge.p.519.
ISBN9780415235990.RetrievedApril21,2009."Extradosedbridgesaretransitionalbetweengirdersand
cablestayedbridges."
2."ProtectedStatus".BridgeDesign&Engineering(51):53.SecondQuarter2008.ISSN13597493.Checkdate
valuesin:|date=(help)
3.Listofextradosedbridgesaroundtheworld(http://en.structurae.de/structures/stype/index.cfm?ID=1072)at
Structurae
4."http://www.pedelta.es/en/Proyectos/Puentes/Carretera/trillizos".Retrieved6June2016.Externallinkin|title=
(help)
5.[1](http://www.canadaline.ca/OPENING/opening.html)
6."http://www.bt.com/projects/goldenears.htm".Retrieved6June2016.Externallinkin|title=(help)
7.Latvia'sfirstextradosedbridge(http://www.dienvidutilts.lv/index.php?lang_id=2)
8.[2](http://trojmiasto.gazeta.pl/trojmiasto/1,35636,14267668.html)
9."NajduszymosttypuextradosedwEuropieotwarty::GeneralnaDyrekcjaDrgKrajowychiAutostradSerwis
informacyjny".Retrieved6June2016.
10."404Error:404".Retrieved6June2016.
11."I95NewHavenHarborCrossingImprovementProgram".Retrieved6June2016.
12."TxDOT,ContractorsMakeBigMovesonI35".Retrieved6June2016.
13.J.B.Smith(July3,2014)."NewsignatureBrazosbridgedesigncouldbemodelforothersnationwide".Waco
TribuneHerald.RetrievedJuly3,2014.

Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extradosed_bridge&oldid=723914224"
Categories: Bridges
Thispagewaslastmodifiedon6June2016,at01:28.
TextisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionShareAlikeLicenseadditionaltermsmay
apply.Byusingthissite,youagreetotheTermsofUseandPrivacyPolicy.Wikipediaisa
registeredtrademarkoftheWikimediaFoundation,Inc.,anonprofitorganization.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradosed_bridge

5/5