PROCEDURE:

Procedure:
1. Firstly, new project button for a new icon case is selected.
2. Second, the properties for simulation appeared. By clicking the component
list and the reactant are added by clicking the add button which is acetone,
ketene and methane.

3. Third, click the fluid packages. As stated in the question which Wilson
property package need to be used. Then, Wilson is choosen.

4. Fourth, the simulation button is clicked which situated at the bottom left of
computer screen.

5. Then started inserting all the equipment needed with the correct order.

6. All the data given in the question is inserted in the stream data.
feed
Mole flow rate
= 8000 kg/hr of acetone
Temperature
= 760c
Pressure
= 150 kPa
Composition of acetone = 1
Composition of ketene
=0
Composition of methane = 0
7. Insert the value of pressure drop which is 50 kPa.

8. Insert the assume value of tube length and inner diameter which is
Tube diameter = 0.5m
Length
= 30m

9. Set a reaction set, go to properties and set a reaction as bellow:

10.The workbook, material stream, energy stream and composition are obtained
and attached at the Pfd.

11.To determine the right tube diameter and tube length, case studies being
used.

12.The result the discussed in discussion.

PFD :

Composition and material stream:

Workbook:

Question and answers:

1. What is the volume of PFR to achieve at least 20% conversion of acetone?
- 2.313 m3

How to get the answer is based on calculation and interpolation at case studies:

feed

outlet

at feed :
Molar flow rate = 137.74 kgmole/hr
Composition of acetone = 1
Temperature = 760c
Pressure = 150 kPa

At outlet:
Since acetone only have 20% conversion then 80% out as acetone and only 20%
turned to product
Thus for acetone 137.7(0.8) =110.19 kg mole/ hr
For methane 137.7(0.2) = 27.55 kg mole/hr
For ketene

137.7(0.2) = 27.55 kg mole/hr

Total molar flow rate at outlet : 110.19 + 27.55 + 27.55 = 165.29 kg mole/hr

Thus molar fraction out at outlet are :

For acetone :

110.19
165.29

= 0.67

For methane:

27.55
165.29

= 0.17

For ketene :

27.55
165.29

= 0.17

interpolation at state 17 & 18

tube length

molar flow rate

15

111.412

110.19

20

109.62

110.19 = 111.412 +

( x15)(109.62111.412)
( 2015)

Thus x = 18.41 m
Based on the case studies and interpolation, the correct tube length is 18.41m and
the tube diameter is 0.4m thus giving the volume to be 2.313m 3.
Discussion:

The simulation for production of acetic anhydride have been done. The
objective are to install and converge a plug flow reactor and to stimulate a process
involving reaction. The summary of the process is the pure acetone is being feed to
the PFR with condition T= 760C, P= 150 kPa and mass flow rate 8000 kg/hr. the
pressure drop at the PFR is set to 50 kPa and the assume tube length and diameter
are inserted at the parameters which tube length = 30m and inner diameter= 0.5m.
The conversion of acetone is 20% thus 80% comes out as acetone and 20% is
turned to product.
PFR or Plug Flow Reactor are used for some of the applications which are
large scale production, fast reactions, homogenous or heterogeneous reactions,
continuous production and high temperature reaction. The fluid packages that being
used is Wilson. In this simulation, the volume of PFR needed for 20% conversion of
acetone is the value that need to be find. In question the assume value of tube
length and tube diameter is given. Thus just insert the value in the parameters and
make the PFR converge. By doing manual calculation, the molar flowrate of acetone
in outlet is known (shown in question& answer section). Thus by knowing the molar
flowrate of acetone at the outlet, the value of tube length and tube diameter can be
calculated referring to case studies. In case studies, the upper bound and lower
bound of tube length and tube diameter is set which
Tube length
Lower bound : 10.0
high bound
step size

: 30.0
: 5.0

Tube diameter
Lower bound: 0.1
high bound : 0.5
step size

: 0.1

The result is obtained. The nearer flowrate of acetone out(110.19 kg mole/hr)

as manually calculated is being interpolate which is stream 17 & 18. Thus the tube
length, tube diameter and volume are 18.41m, 0.4m ,2.313m 3 respectively. When
the value of tube length = 18.41m and tube diameter = 0.4m inserted the final
composition at outlet of acetone,methane and ketene are 0.6661,0.1670 and
0.1670 respectively.

Recommendation :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Make
Make
Make
Make
Make
Make

Appendices:

sure
sure
sure
sure
sure
sure

to set the correct reaction in the iCON.

to connect the correct stream to the equipment.
to set the correct reaction set and the conversion.
to use the right fluid packages in order to get the accurate data.
use consistence of decimal places and unit is calculation.
to insert the right value in each operation unit.

Figure
length =
diameter =

1:When the tube

30m and tube
0.5m

Figure 2: case studies result

Figure 3: case studies result

Figure 4: The final composition after the right value of tube diameter and tube
length inserted.