TERCER SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL DE POTAMOLOGA

Avances en el clculo de
transporte de sedimentos
Dr. Sergio Cruz Len

Conservacin de masa de sedimento

As
1 qt
=
+A-E
t 1 x
As rea de la seccin transversal de la capa de
sedimento
qt Gasto slido de sedimento
Porosidad del sedimento
x Distancia
t Tiempo
A Azolvamiento
E Erosin

Para determinar el transporte de sedimento qt se presentan

ocho diferentes mtodos:
Yaln
Madsen
Ashida y Michiue
Wilson
Nielsen
Meyer - Peter y Mller
Leo Van Rijn
Engelund y Hansen
Soulsby, R. L. (1997). Dynamics of Marine Sands. A Manual for Practical Applications. Thomas Telford.
London
Van Rijn, Leo. (1990). Principles of Sediment Transport in Rivers, Estuaries, and Coastal Seas. Aqua
Publications. Delft, the Netherlands.

Estos mtodos para calcular el transporte de sedimentos se

expresan de manera homognea:

= f ( ,cr )

Transporte de sedimentos adimensional

qt
=
,
3 1/ 2
[g ( 1)d50 ]
[

es el parmetro de Shields:

0
=
,
g ( 1)d 50

cr valor de cuando inicia el movimiento del sedimento

densidad relativa del sedimento
densidad del agua.

Mtodo de Yaln
= FY 1/ 2 ( cr )
Donde:

0.635
1

FY =
1
ln(1 + aT )

aT

cr

1/ 2
cr

a = 2.45

, 0.4

(
cr )
T=
cr

Mtodo de Madsen

= FM
Donde:

1/ 2

0.7 cr

1/ 2

)(

cr

8
FM =
tan i

ngulo de reposo del sedimento

Mtodo de Engelund y Hansen

0.1 5 / 2
=

2Cd

Mtodo de Ashida y Michiue

= 17

1/ 2

cr

1/ 2

)(

Mtodo de Wilson

= 12

3/ 2

Mtodo de Nielsen

= 12

1/ 2

( cr )

cr

Mtodo de Meyer - Peter y Mller

3/ 2

= 8( cr )

Mtodo de Leo Van Rijn

= FR

Donde:

1/ 2

1/ 2

0.005 d

FR =
1.7
CD RH

cr
0.2

g
Coeficiente de friccin CD = C
h

Ch Coeficiente de Chezy

1 / 2 2 .4

Esfuerzo cortante o definido como

o = CdV

Cd Coeficiente de arrastre
V Velocidad media
Densidad del agua

Manning

Darcy- Weisbach

Chezy

Soulsby y Whitehouse 1997

Incertidumbres
Densidad del agua 2%
Viscosidad 10%
Densidad del sedimento 2%
Dimetro sedimento 20%
Profundidad 5%
Velocidad 10%

Bibliografia
Scott C. James, Craig A. Jones, Matthew D. Grace & Jesse
D. Roberts (2010):
Advances in sediment transport modelling,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 48:6, 754-763

Bibliografia
Donald Knight, Nigel Wright, Xiaonan Tang & Amanda
Crossley (2008):

The concept of roughness in fluvial hydraulics and

its formulation in 1D, 2D and 3D numerical
simulation models, Journal of Hydraulic Research,
46:2, 191-208

Bibliografia
Erik Toorman & Professor Chris Lacor (2009):

Large eddy simulation of sediment transport in

open-channel flow,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 47:3, 291-298

Bibliografia
Chunhong Hu, Zuwen Ji & Qingchao Guo (2010):

Flow movement and sediment transport in

compound channels,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 48:1, 23-32

Bibliografia
K. Shiono, Tony L. Chan, Jake Spooner, P. Rameshwaran & J. H.
Chandler (2009):

The effect of floodplain roughness on flow

structures, bedforms and sediment transport
rates in meandering channels with overbank
flows:
Part I, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 47:1, 5-19

Bibliografia
Alfonso Pujol (2008):

Conditions for a better agreement between

sediment transport formulas and surveys in
alluvial streams,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 46:3, 317-321

Bibliografia
Michael Tritthart, Bernhard Schober & Helmut Habersack (2011):

Non-uniformity and layering in sediment

transport modelling 1: flume simulations,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 49:3, 325-334

Bibliografia
Jan Sieben & Arno M. Talmon (2011):

Bed-load transport in obliquely dunecovered riverbeds,

Journalof Hydraulic Research, 49:3, 317-324

Bibliografia
Roberto Gaudio, Antonio Miglio & Francesco Calomino (2011):

Friction factor and von Krmn's in open

channels with bed-load,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 49:2, 239-247

Bibliografia
Bhuban Ghimire & Zhi-Qiang Deng (2011):

Event flow hydrograph-based method for shear

velocity estimation,
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 49:2, 272-275

Clculo de transporte de
sedimentos todava
se parece mas a un arte que
una ciencia