14/11/2016

Honor Code: On my honor, i have neither received nor given any

unauthorized aid on this assignment.
Group: Holly, Charice, Alice, Lala and Janet

How do substrate concentration and pH affect enzyme -controlled

reaction?
Introduction:
According to Webmd, Lactase is an enzyme. Enzymes are chemicals
that help speed up specific biological processes. Lactase is usually
produced by cells in your body. Understanding the functions of lactase,
will help you understand your body better. The biochemical reaction that
involves lactase breaks down lactose, a sugar in milk and milk products.
The function of lactase. Quoting Livestrong.com, Lactase's primary
function is to break down a type of sugar called lactose. Lactose is a
sugar found in milk and other dairy products. As a large sugar compound,
lactose cannot be absorbed naturally by your body. In order to metabolize
this form of sugar, your body needs lactase to break down lactose into
two smaller particles called glucose and galactose. These smaller sugar
molecules are more easily absorbed by the cells in your intestine.
According to Global healing centre, Lactase is very important.
Without lactase, lactose remains in your digestive tract and cannot be
used by your body. The use of lactase as a supplemental agent to help
people properly digest such as: reduces gas and bloating, irritable bowel
syndrome, digestive upset in children with autism, lactose intolerance and
irritation in the digestive tract (@Gchealth)..
Data:
Amount of
Substrate
0.5 g

pH3

pH5

pH7

pH9

pH11

19

39

72

45

24

1.0 g

39

81

145

91

49

2.0 g

82

168

300

189

103

4.0 g

96

198

350

223

121

8.0 g

96

198

350

223

121

Green: pH7
Discussion:

Orange: pH9

Blue: pH5

Yellow: pH1

Pink: pH 3

According to Biology-Forums.com, The relationship is linear. Initial

rate increases as the substrate concentration increases. With more
substrates, there will be more of the reaction occuring. As the initial
reaction rate increases it goes faster.
The maximum initial reaction rate for the lactase enzyme at pH 7 is
350
According to Biology-Forums.com, The maximum initial reaction rate
cannot be reached at low lactose concentrations because at low substrate
concentration there is not enough substrate available for it to reach the
maximun initial rate.
The data indicates that the optimum level for this lactase- catalyzed
reaction at pH of 7 is where the highest enzyme activity is.
Temperature is very important in efficient metabolic reactions
(enzyme function). The more effective temperature regulate mechanism

in an organism, the more efficiently enzyme function is. If the

temperature doesnt regulate, the reaction rate will declined.
Quoting to 4-Liz-Andreas Biology Portfolio,The producer of this
product should mainly be worried about pill because the person
consuming it may not digest it or take it in properly. For example, the
lactase pH should stay neutral, it shouldn't be too acidic or too base
because if not the person will not receive enzymes it wants to.

Work Cited

LACTASE: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings WebMD. WebMD,

WebMD,
www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-540-lactase.
aspx?activeingredientid=540.

What Are the Functions of the Enzyme Lactase? LIVESTRONG.COM,

LIVESTRONG.COM,
9
June
2015,

www.livestrong.com/article/390563-what-are-the-functions-of-the-en
zyme-lactase/.

@Ghchealth. The Health Benefits of Lactase. Dr Groups Natural

Health
Organic
Living
Blog,
21
Oct.
2015,
www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/lactase/.

Describe the Relationship between Substrate Concentration and the

Initial Reaction Rate of an Enzyme-Catalyzed. Describe the
Relationship between Substrate Concentration and the Initial Reaction
Rate of an Enzyme-Catalyzed,
biology-forums.com/index.php?phpsessid=2kfqdlq1tmea54ramefe4tu
pl3&topic=39201.0.msg110147#msg110147.

Why Can't the Maximum Initial Reaction Rate Be Reached at Low

Substrate Concentration? Why Can't the Maximum Initial Reaction Rate
Be Reached at Low Substrate Concentration?,
biology-forums.com/index.php?topic=39206.0.

Enzyme Lab. 4-Liz-Andrea's Biology Portfolio,

bioandrea4.weebly.com/enzyme-lab.html.