1 What is the probability of getting at least one six in a single throw of three unbiased dice ?

A. 31/216
B. 91/216
C. 125/216
D. 81/216
Three cases arise:
Case 1: When only one dice shows up a six
This dice can be any of the 1st, 2nd or 3rd dice. Find the probability for these three independent events and add them up to get the total probability
Probability that only 1st dice shows up a six: (probability that first dice shows up a 6) and (probability that second dice shows up other than 6) and
(probability that third dice shows up other than 6)
=(1/6)*(5/6)*(5/6)
=25/216
similarly probability that 2nd dice shows up a six: (5/6)*(1/6)*(5/6) = 25/216
And, probability that 3rd dice shows up a six: (5/6)*(5/6)*(1/6) = 25/216
So probability that only one dice shows up a six: (25/216)+(25/216) +(25/216) = 75/216
Case 2:When two dice show up a six
Total number of ways of selecting a pair of dice that show up a six from a set of 3 dice are: 3C2=3
Find the probability of getting six on a pair of dice and multiply it by total number of such possible pairs
Probability of getting a six on a pair of dice = (1/6)*(1/6)*(5/6) = 5/216
So, total probability = 3*(5/216) = 15/216
Case 3: When all dice show up a six
In this case total probability is just (1/6)*(1/6)*(1/6) = 1/216
So total probability of getting at least one six = (75/216) + (15/216) + (1/216) = 91/216
2

What is the probability that a two digit number selected at random is a multiple of 3 and not a multiple of 5 ?

Explanation
Since every third number starting from 10 will be divisible by 3, so total number of numbers divisible by 3 are 90/3 = 30
Numbers which are divisible by 3 and 5 both are numbers which are multiple of 15.
For the range 10 to 99, 15 is the first number divisible by 15 and 90 is the last number.
So total number of numbers divisible by 15 are: (90-15)/15 + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6
Number of numbers which are divisible by 3 are 30 and number of numbers which are divisible by 3 and 5 both are 6. So number of numbers divisible
by 3 and not by 5 are: 30-6=24
So total probability = 24/90 = 4/15
3 Out of 40 consecutive integers, two are chosen at random. Find the probability that their sum is odd?
Explanation
Forty consecutive integers will have 20 even and 20 odd integers. The sum of 2 chosen integers will be odd, only if:

First is even and second is odd

First is odd and second is even

Mathematically the probability will be given by:

P(First is even) * P(Second is odd) + P(First is odd) + P(Second is even)
= (20/40) * (20/39) + (20/40) * (20/39)
= 20/39
4
8 coins are tossed. Whats is the probability that one and only one turns up head ?
Explanation
The coin that turns up head can be any of the eight.
Required probability = 8 * (1/28)
= 1/32
5 A fair coin is tossed repeatedly. If head appears on first 5 tosses what is the probability that tail appears on 6th toss ?
A.

1/6

B.

1/5

C.

1/3

D.

1/2

Explanation
Like mentioned in the question, the coin is fair. So chance of appearing of head and tail on each toss is same and each toss is independent from the
previous one. So the chance of appearing tail on 6th toss is still 1/2.
6 A man can hit the target once in four shots. If he fires 4 shots in succession, what is the probability that he will hit target ?
A.

B.

1/256

C.

81/256

D.

175/256

Explanation
The target is not hit only when he is not able to hit it in any of the four shots. So the probability that he will hit target = 1 - (probability that he will not
hit the target in any of the four shots)
= 1 - (3/4)*(3/4)*(3/4)*(3/4)
= 1 - 81/256
= 175/215
7 When four dice are thrown, what is the probability that the same number appears on each of them ?
A. 1/36

B. 1/18
C. 1/216
D. 1/5
Explanation
When four dice are rolled the total no of outcomes are : 64
All dice show up same number in the following cases: (1,1,1,1), (2,2,2,2), (3,3,3,3), (4,4,4,4), (5,5,5,5), (6,6,6,6)
So in above six cases, all dice will show up the same number.
Required probability: 6/64 = 1/216
8 Two squares are chosen at random on a chessboard. What is the probability that they have a side in common?
A.

1/18

B.

64/4032

C.

63/64

D. 1/9
Explanation
No of ways of selecting two squares from 64 squares on the chess board is
Three cases arise:

C2.

64

case 1: when first square is any of the four corner ones

In this case second square can be chosen in 2 ways
no of ways of selecting two squares: 4*2 = 8
case2: when first square is any of the 24 squares on the side of the chess board other than the corner ones
the second square can be chosen in 3 ways
no of ways of selecting two squares: 24*3 = 72
case 3: the first square is any of the 36 remaining squares
the second square can be chosen in 4 ways
no of ways of selecting two squares: 36*4 = 144
Total no of ways of selecting two adjacent squares = 8 + 72 + 144 = 224
So required probability = 224/64C2 = 224/4032 = 1/18
9 There are ten pair of socks in a cupboard from which 4 individual socks are picked at random. The probability that there is at least one pair is
A.

195/323

B.

99/323

C.

198/323

D.

185/323

Explanation
We will solve this question in a moment. First let us understand one concept which is bit confusing.
Suppose there are 4 objects and I ask you to pick up 2 from them. In how many ways can you do that?
The answer is simple: 4C = 6
Can I do like this:
Out of 4 given objects first I will pick one object( 4C1). Then again I will pick one more object in the next draw from the remaining 3 objects( 3C1).
This way I have selected two objects from fours objects and number of ways to do this is: 4C1 * 3C1 = 12
2

Do you see in both the way I am selecting two objects from four objects but in first way of selection the result is 6 while in the other way it is 12. Why
so ??
This is because in the second way when we are selecting two objects one by one, their order of selection is being counted in the result. Didn't
understand ?
OK, let's understand this way: Suppose we mark all 4 objects from 1 to 4.
One way is: In the first draw we select object marked 1 and in the second draw we pick object marked 2.
The other way is: the first selected object is marked 2 and second object is marked 1.
We are selecting the same two objects but the number of way is 2 because their order of selection (1,2) and (2,1) made it happen so.
But our ultimate goal was to pick up two object and the order does not matter to us.
Similarly if you select 3 objects from these 4 objects you can have following orders for objects marked 1,2,3: (1,2,3), (1,3,2), (2,1,3), (2,3,1), (3,1,2),
(3,2,1) = 6 ways= 3! ways. While it should be just 1 way and not 6 ways.
So we can conclude that we will have to divide the result by the factorial of the number of objects we are selecting.
Like in the first example when we are selecting 2 objects we will have to divide the result by 2! and in the second example when we are selecting 3
objects we will have to divide the result by 3!.
Now coming back to our given problem:
At least on pair of socks must be selected means either one pair or two pair.
So required probability will be: 1 - (no pair of socks are selected)
The way we can select no pair of socks is:
Select one sock from 20 sock in the first pick. In the second draw exclude the pair of the first selected sock and pick from the remaining 18 socks and so
on.
= C1 * 18C1 * 16C1 * 14C1/4! (4! because of the above explained concept)
So required probability: 1 - ((20C1 * 18C1 * 16C1 * 14C1/4!)/20C4) = 99/323
10 Ram and Shyam have a cube each. Ram paints four faces of cube with red color and rest with blue color. Ram asks Shyam to paint his cube as well
with some sides red and some side blue. They now start rolling the cubes simultaneously. After doing this for very long Ram observes x that
probability of both cubes coming up with same color is 1/3. How many faces of his cube did Shyam paint red ?
A.
0
20

B.

C.

D.

Explanation

Let Shyam paints n faces of the cube red. So blue faces of Shyam's cube = (6-n)
Probability that both show up same color is: (probability both show red) + (probability both show blue)
= 4/6 * n/6 + 2/6 * (6-n)/6
= (2n + 6)/18
But as given, (2n + 6)/18 = 1/3 => n = 0
So Shyam hasn't painted any of the face with red color.
So answer is (a)
1 In a chimp zoo there are 1 billion monkeys. The probability that a monkey in the zoo
1 has seen a banyan tree is 0.6. The probability that a monkey has seen a mango tree is
0.65. What is the minimum percentage of monkeys in the zoo who have seen both the
tree ?
A. 25%
B. 39%
C. 40%
X D. 60%
xplanation
For two independent events P(A and B) = P(A)*P(B)
=> P(monkey has seen a banyan tree and monkey has seen a mango tree) = P(monkey has seen a banyan tree) * P(monkey has seen a mango tree)
=> P(monkey has seen a banyan tree and monkey has seen a mango tree) = 0.6 * 0.65 = 0.39
So the percentage of monkeys who has seen both banyan tree and mango tree = 39%
12 What is the probability of forming a triangle from a 4x4 Matrix?
A. 127/140
B. 129/140
C. 131/140
D. 123/140

13 Two friends have decided to meet between 3 and 4 o clock and they have decided to wait for 15 mins to meet (for eg A have reached by 3 he will wait
for 15 mins for B similarly B also ) then what is the probability of both are meeting?
A.
5/16
B.

7/16

C.

9/16

D.

3/16

14 Ram draws a card randomly among cards numbered 1-23 and keep it back.Then sam draws a card among those then what is the probality that Sam
has drawn a card greater than Ram.
A.
84/142
B.

84/143

C.

84/144

D.

84/145

Explanation
If ram draws 1 then Sam has 22 choices. If ram draws 2 then Sam has 21 choices and so on..
So, the probality that Sam has drawn a card greater than Ram is
=> 1/23*22/23 + 1/23*21/23 + 1/23*20/23 + .... + 1/23*1/23
=> 1/23*[(22+21+...+10)/23]
=> 1/23*{22/2*[1+22]}/23
=> 252/529 or 84/143

5 If a 4 digit no.is randomly chosen,then what is the probability(approximately) that it is a perfect square?
A. 0.006
B. 0.007
C. 0.06
D. 0.0076
Explanation
Total 4-digit no's that are possible, 10000-1000 = 9000
Perfect squares of 4-digit no. starts from 1024 which is the square of 32 and ends in 9801 which is the square of 99...
So No. of 4-digit numbers which are perfect squares are 99-31 = 68
Prob. will be = 68/9000 = 0.00755 = 0.0076
6

In a chimp zoo there are 1 billion

monkeys.The probability that a monkey in
the zoo has seen a Banyan tree is 0.6. The
probability that a monkey has seen mango
tree is 0.65. What is the minimum
percentage of monkeys in the zoo who have
seen both the trees.
A.

38

B.

39

C.

40

D.

41

See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss

Correct answer is : B
Explanation

probability that a monkey has seen banyan tree p(b)= 0.60

probability that a monkey has seen mango tree p(m)= 0.65
as p(b) & p(m) are independent event so
p(b m) = p(b)*p(m) = 0.6 * 0.65 = 0.39 = 39 %
toffees have to divided into A, B, C, D, E so that each one gets minimum of 10
1 56
toffees. Find the number of ways?
7
A. 10C4
B. 12C4
C. 11C4
D. 10C5
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : A
Explanation
first we will distribute 10 toffees to each of 5 persons i.e total 50 toffees ,
now remaining toffees are 6 which we have to distribute among 5 person so this can be possible in
m+r-1
C r-1
=>6+5-1C5-1=10C4
and Shyam have a cube each. Ram paints 4 faces of cube with red colour and
1 Ram
rest with blue colour. Ram asks Shyam to paint his cube as well with some sides red
8 and some sides blue. They now start rolling the cubes simultaneously. After doing this
for very long Ram observes that probability of both the cubes coming up with same
colour is 1/3. How many faces of his cube did shyam paint red.
0

A.
B.
C.
D.

2
3
4

See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss

Correct answer is : A
Explanation
for the shyam's cube, let x be the no.of faces painted in red and y be the no.of faces painted in blue.
getting red in 1st cube=4/6=2/3
getting red in 2nd cube= x/(x+y)
so probability for red= (2/3)*(x/(x+y))............(1)
similarly
probability for blue=(1/3)*(y/(x+y))..................(2)
given that (1)+(2)=1/3
by solving we get x=0
is the probability of dividing a randomly selected number (x^4 + 1) by 5,where
1 what
as x is a four digit number?

9
A. 1
B. 0
C. 0.9
D. 0.2
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : B
Explanation
for (x4 + 1) to be divisible by 5, than it should have 0 or 5 as the last digits.
unit place of x^4 will be any of these
0^4=0;1^4=1;2^4=6;3^4=1;4^4=6;5^4=5;6^4=6;7^4=1;8^4=6;9^4=1
hence if we replace X by any of d no: from 0 to 9, non of d no: contain last digit 0 or 5.
hence probability is 0.
a pack of 52 playing cards,three cards are drawn random.
20From
Find the probability of drawing a king,a queen and jack.
A.16/5525
B. 16/525
C.6/5525
D.16/552
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : A
Explanation
we have 4 of king, queen. and jack so, (4C1 * 4C1 * 4C1)/(52C3)=16/5525

21Three dices are thrown what is d probability to get atleast one six?
A.91/616
B. 91/216
C.91/256
D.91/215
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : B
Explanation
The probabilty of getting no other than six is =(5/6)*(5/6)*(5/6)=125/216
now probabiilty of getting atleast 1 six is= 1-probabilty of getting no six at all
=> 1-125/216
=91/216
p is the number of cars per minute passing through a certain road junction
2 Suppose
between 5 PM and 6 PM, and p has a Poisson distribution with mean 3. What is the
2 probability of observing fewer than 3 cars during any given minute in this interval?
A. 8 / (2e3)
B. 9 / (2e3)
C. 17 / (2e3)
D. 26 / (2e3)
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : C
Explanation
PR(X < 3) = Pr(x = 0) + Pr(x = 1) + Pr(x = 2)
= f(0, 3) + f(1, 3) + f(2, 3)
Put
= 3 and k = 0, 1, 2 in the formula

we get=17 / (2e3)
of all the 2-digit integers between 1 and 100, a 2-digit number has to be selected
2 Out
at random. What is the probability that the selected number is not divisible by 7?
3
A. 13/90
B. 12/90
C. 78/90
D. 77/90
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : D
Explanation
There are total 90 two digit numbers between 1 to 100, out of them 13 are divisible by 7
so, 90-13=77
=>77/90
a fair six-sided die is rolled once. If the value on the die is 1, 2, or 3, the die
2 Suppose
is rolled a second time. What is the probability that the sum total of values that turn
4 up is at least 6?

A. 10/21
B. 5/12
C. 2/3
D. 1/6
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : B
Explanation
The following are different possibilities for which the sum total of values that turn up is at least 6:(1,5) (1,6) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
So total probability is 9/36 + 1/6(1/6 probability that first time 6 is rolled) = 15/36 = 5/12.
two fair coins are flipped and at least one of the outcomes is known to be a head,
2 Ifwhat
is the probability that both outcomes are heads?
5
A. 1/3
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : A
Explanation
There are only three possibilities {h, t}, {h, h}, {t, h}; since we know one outcome is head,
so, the probability of both heads = 1/3.

of 5 cards (each carrying a distinct number from 1 to 5) is shuffled thoroughly.

2 ATwodeck
cards are then removed one at time from the deck. What is the probability that
6 the two cards are selected with the number on the first card being one higher than the
number on the second card?
1/5

A.
B.
C.
D.

4/25
1/4
2/5

See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss

Correct answer is : A
Explanation
So there are 5P2 = 5!/3! = 20 elementary events, as 5 cards can be arranged in 5P2 .
out of which there are 4 favorable number of cases:
1)5 before 4, 2)4 before 3, 3)3 before 2 and 4)2 before 1.
So, probability = 4/20 = 1/5
a company that assembles computers. The probability of a faulty assembly of
2 Consider
any computer is p. The company therefore subjects each computer to a testing
7 process.This testing process gives the correct result for any computer with a
probability of q. What is the probability of a computer being declared faulty?
pq + (1 p)(1 q)

A.
B.
C.
D.

(1 q) p
(1 p) q
pq

See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss

Correct answer is : A
Explanation

A computer can be declared faulty in two cases

1) It is actually faulty and correctly declared, so the probability =(p*q)
2) Not faulty and incorrectly declared, so the probability =(1-p)*(1-q)
the probability of a computer being declared faulty= (p*q)+(1-p)*(1-q)
are given a set X = {x1, . xn} where xi = 2 . A sample S X is drawn by
2 We
selecting each xi independently with probability p1 = 1/2. The expected value of the
8 smallest number in sample S is:
A. 1/n
B. 2
C. sqrt(n)
D. n
i

See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss

Correct answer is : D
Explanation
=>E = (1/(21))*(21) + (1/(22))*(22) + (1/(2n))*(2n)
= >1+1+1 (n times addition of 1)=n

2 For each element in a set of size 2n, an unbiased coin is tossed. The 2n coin tosses

independent. An element is chosen if the corresponding coin toss were head. The
9 are
probability that exactly n elements are chosen is:
A. (2nCn) / (4^n
B. (2nCn) / (2^n)
C. 1 / (2nCn)
D. 1/2
See Answer & Explanation Lets Discuss
Correct answer is : A
Explanation
Probability of n heads out of 2n coin tosses.
P = 2nCn((1/2)n)((1/2)n) = (2nCn) / (4n)