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OBDIINETWORKSTANDARDS

AllcarsandlighttrucksbuiltforsaleintheUnitedStatesafter1996arerequiredtobe
OBDIIcompliant.TherearefiveOBDIIprotocoltypesinuse:J1850PWM,J1850VPW,
ISO91412,ISO14230KWP2000,andISO15765CAN.Eachprotocoldifferselectrically
andbycommunicationformat.TheCodeReaderorScanToolmustbecompatible
withthevehiclesspecificprotocolinordertocommunicate.
Todeterminewhichprotocolyourvehicleisusing,youneedtolocatetheDataLink
Connector.It'sa16pinrectangularconnectorusuallylocatedbelowthesteering
column,behindtheashtrayorwithinatleast3feetfromthedriversseat.Itmayalso
belocatedbehindasnapoffcover.Theconnectorwillnothaveallofthepinsloaded.
Youcanexaminewhichpinsarepresenttoidentifywhichprotocolisbeingused.The
diagramsbelowshowalloftheprotocolpinpositions.
Afteryoudetermineyourvehiclesprotocol,checkyourscantoolssupportlistorlook
intothescantoolsconnectortoseeifthematingpinsarepresent.

SAEJ1850PWM(PulseWidthModulationat41.6Kbps,twowiredifferential)
Pin2:BUS+signal
Pin10:BUSsignal
Activebusstate:BUS+ispulledhighwhileBUSispulledlow
Highsignalvoltagelevel:+5V(min/max3.80to5.25)
Lowsignalvoltagelevel:0V(min/max0.00to1.20)
Upto12messagebytes,excludingframedelimiters
BitTiming

"1"Bit:Busstateactivefor8uS(within24uSbitperiod)
"0"Bit:Busstateactivefor16uS(within24uSbitperiod)
StartOfFrame:Busstateactivefor48uS

SAEJ1850VPW(VariablePulseWidthat10.4/41.6Kpbs,singlewire)
Pin2:BUS+signal
Idlebuslevelislow
Highsignalvoltagelevel:+7V(min/max6.25to8.00)
Lowsignalvoltagelevel:0V(min/max0.00to1.50)
Upto12messagebytes,excludingframedelimiters
BitTiming
"1"Bit:Signallowfor128uSorhighfor64uS
"0"Bit:Signallowfor64uSorhighfor128uS
StartOfFrame:Signalhighfor200uS

ISO91412(Asynchronousserialcommunicationat10.4Kbaud)

Pin7:Klinebidirectionalforcommunication
Pin15:Lline(optional)unidirectionalforwakinguptheECU
Idlesignallevelsarehigh
Signalsareactivepulldownto0V(0.00to2.40)
Highsignalvoltagelevel:+12V(min/max9.60to13.5)
Upto12messagebytes,excludingframedelimiters
BitTiming
UARTsignalingat10.4Kbaud,8databits,noparity,1stop

ISO14230KWP2000(Asynchronousserialcommunicationupto10.4Kbaud)
Pin7:Klinebidirectionalforcommunication
Pin15:Lline(optional)unidirectionalforwakinguptheECU
Idlesignallevelsarehigh
Signalsareactivepulldownto0V(0.00to2.40)
Highsignalvoltagelevel:+12V(min/max9.60to13.5)
Messagemaycontainupto255bytesinthedatafield
BitTiming
UARTsignalingupto10.4Kbaud,8databits,noparity,1
stop

ISO15765CAN(250kbit/secor500kbit/sec)
Pin6:CANhigh(CANH)
Pin14:CANlow(CANL)
Dominantoractivebusstate:CANHdrivenhighwhileCANLdrivenlow
Recessiveoridlebusstate:CANHandCANLsignalsarenotdriven
CANHsignalvoltagelevel:3.5V(min/max2.75to4.50)
CANLsignalvoltagelevel:1.5V(min/max0.5to2.25)

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LastUpdate:April17,2008