Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ISSN: 0122-0268
ORIGINAL
ABSTRACT
Objective. To determine the associations of BoLA DRB3.2 alleles present in Holstein and BON x
Holstein cattle to production and milk quality traits in a dairy herd of Antioquia, Colombia. Materials
and methods. Ninety-one cows, 66 Holstein and 25 BxH, were genotyped for the BoLA DRB3.2
gene, through PCR-RFLP technique. Furthermore, the association of the alleles of the gene BoLA
DRB3.2 with milk yield (PL305), fat yield (PG305), protein yield (PP305) fat percentage (PGRA) and
protein percentage (PPRO) were determined, using a general linear model. Results. Twenty-seven
BoLA DRB3.2 alleles were identified; the most frequent alleles in Holstein were: BoLA DRB3.2*23,
22, and 24 with frequencies of: 0.159, 0.129, and 0.106, respectively and the most frequent alleles
in BxH were: BoLA DRB3.2*23, 24 and 20 with frequencies of: 0.20, 0.140, and 0.120, respectively.
Associations of BoLA DRB3.2 alleles with production and milk quality traits were also determined.
In Holstein cows the BoLA DRB3.2*36 allele was associated with low PL305 (p0.01), high PGRA
in multiparous cows (p0.05) and high PG305 in primiparous cows (p0.01). The BoLA DRB3.2*33
allele was associated with increased in the PPRO in multiparous cows (p0.01). In BXH cows only
the BoLA DRB3*19 allele was associated with high PGRA (p0.05). Conclusions. The gene BoLA
DRB3.2 shows high polymorphism in both groups; Holstein and BxH and some of its allelic variants
were associated with production and milk quality traits.
Key words: DNA, genetic markers, milk protein, PCR (Source:CAB, AIMS).
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RESUMEN
Objetivo. Determinar la asociacin de los alelos BoLA DRB3.2 presentes en vacas Holstein y
BONxHolstein con caractersticas productivas y de calidad composicional de la leche en un hato lechero
de Antioquia, Colombia. Materiales y mtodos. Fueron genotipificados 91 animales; 66 Holstein y 25
BONxHolstein (BxH) para el gen BoLA DRB3.2, mediante la tcnica PCR-RFLP. Tambin, se determin
la asociacin de los alelos del gen BoLA DRB3.2 con produccin de leche (PL305), produccin de grasa
(PG305), produccin de protena (PP305), porcentaje de grasa (PGRA) y porcentaje de protena (PPRO);
usando un modelo lineal generalizado. Resultados. Fueron identificados 27 alelos BoLA DRB3.2; los
ms frecuentes en Holstein fueron: BoLA DRB3.2*23, 22 y 24 con frecuencias de 0.159, 0.129 y 0.106
respectivamente y los ms frecuentes para BxH fueron: BoLA DRB3.2*23, 24, 20 con frecuencias de
0.20, 0.140 y 0.120 respectivamente. Tambin fueron determinadas asociaciones de los alelos BoLA
DRB3.2 con caractersticas productivas y de calidad composicional de la leche. En vacas Holstein el
alelo BoLA DRB3.2*36 fue asociado con baja PL305 (p0.01), alto PGRA en vacas multparas (p0.05)
y alta PG305 en vacas primparas (p0.01). El alelo BoLA DRB3.2*33 fue asociado con alto PPRO en
vacas multparas (p0.01). En vacas BxH slo el alelo BoLA DRB3.2*19 estuvo asociado con aumento
en el PGRA (p0.05). Conclusiones. El gen BoLA DRB3.2 present un alto polimorfismo en ambos
grupos genticos; Holstein y BxH y algunas de sus variantes allicas fueron asociadas significativamente
con caractersticas productivas y caractersticas de calidad composicional de la leche.
Palabras clave: DNA, marcadores genticos, PCR, protena de la leche (Fuente: CAB, AIMS).
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCCION
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MATERIALES Y METODOS
Poblacin de estudio. La investigacin se llev
a cabo en el hato Paysand de propiedad de la
Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medelln,
ubicado en el departamento de Antioquia,
corregimiento de Santa Elena, a 16 Km al oriente
de Medelln en zona de bosque muy hmedo
montano bajo (bmh-MB) con una temperatura
media de 14C y a una altura de 2500 msnm.
En este hato fueron genotipificadas 91 hembras
bovinas para el gen BoLA DRB3.2, 66 de raza
Holstein y 25 del grupo gentico BxH.
Recoleccin de la informacin. Los datos de
produccin de leche por lactancia fueron tomados
de los registros histricos de produccin del hato
Paysand y fueron ajustados a 305 das (PL305).
La produccin de leche fue medida con medidores
de paso proporcional. Las caractersticas de
calidad composicional de la leche: porcentaje de
grasa (PGRA) y porcentaje de protena (PPRO),
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RESULTS
Allele Frequencies for gene BoLA DRB3.2.
23 alleles from the Holstein breed, and 18 alleles
from the BxH genetic group were identified
through PCR-RFLP 23 for a total of 27 allele
variants of BoLA DRB3.2. The allelic frequencies
for the Holstein group were located between
0.008 and 0.159 (light grey bars Figure 1), being
the most frequent alleles 23, 22 and 24 with
frequencies of 0.159, 0.129 y 0.106, respectively.
In BxH the allele frequencies were between 0.02
and 0.20 (dark bars Figure 1), being 23, 24 and
20 the most frequent alleles with frequencies
of 0.20, 0.14 and 0.12, respectively. It was
determined that in the Holstein genetic group,
79% of the cows were heterozygote and 21%
homozygote, for BxH a very similar result was
obtained where 80% were heterozygote and 20%
homozygote for gene BoLA DRB3.2.
Milk Production. The average PL305 in the
evaluated population was 5361 Kg (Table 1). The
genetic group had a significant effect (p0.01), with
a PL305 mean higher for Holstein (5895 kg), than
for BxH (4045 kg). Likewise, the calving effect was
significant (p0.01); primiparous Holstein cows
presented a PL305 mean of 5316 kg, while the
mean for multiparous was 6599 kg per lactation
(Table 1).
Protein production and percentage. The
mean for PP305 was 162 kg. The effect of the
RESULTADOS
Frecuencias allicas para el gen BoLA
DRB3.2. Fueron identificados por PCR-RFLP 23
alelos en la raza Holstein y 18 alelos en el grupo
gentico BxH, para un total de 27 variantes
allicas del BoLA DRB3.2. Las frecuencias
allicas para la raza Holstein se ubicaron entre
0.008 y 0.159 (barras gris claro Figura 1),
siendo los alelos ms frecuentes el 23, 22 y
24 con frecuencias de 0.159, 0.129 y 0.106,
respectivamente. En BxH las frecuencias allicas
estuvieron entre 0.02 y 0.20 (barras oscuras
Figura 1), siendo los alelos ms frecuentes el 23,
24 y 20 con frecuencias de 0.20, 0.14 y 0.12,
respectivamente. En el grupo gentico Holstein
Allelic frequencies
Holstein
BON x Holstein
Figure 1. Allelic frequencies for gene BoLA DRB3.2 in two genetic groups, Holstein and BxH.
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Table 1. Mean and standard deviation for milk production and compositional quality traits in Holstein and BxH cows.
Trait
n
PL305
kgDE
PP305
PPRO
kgDE
%DE
PG305
PGRA
kgDE
%DE
Holstein primiparous
243
53161229
163
15537
3.020.44
163
18240
3.560.44
Holstein multiparous
200
65991298
169
18742
2.870.35
169
22852
3.500.53
Holstein
443
58951366
332
17143
2.940.35
332
20552
3.530.49
BxH
180
4045853
100
13328
3.230.21
100
16937
4.110.48
Farm Paysand
623
53611496
432
16243
3.010.35
432
19751
3.660.54
PL305 = Milk yield adjusted to 305 days, PP305= Protein yield adjusted to 305 days, PPRO = Protein Percentage, PG305=Fat yield adjusted to 305
days, PGRA = Fat percentage, n = Number of records, DE= Standard Deviation, *p0.10, p0.05, p0.01
PP305
PPRO
PG305
PGRA
Fre
kgDE
kgDE
%DE
kgDE
%DE
33
6.1
148
380
-10
10
0.40
0.07*
-59
-0.25
0.16
36
2.3
170
640
59
12
-0.05
0.17
98
47
0.35
0.24
24
10.6
0
242
0
13
0
0.19
0
9
0
0.07
Alelo
Primiparous Holstein
Multiparous-Holstein
8
6.1
-448
355
-1
14
0.20
0.05
17
23
0.48
0.16*
16
10.6
-47
387
16
12
0.21
0.06*
9
12
0.19
0.19
22
12.9
-491
201
-3
5
0.16
0.04
12
10
0.45
0.15*
36
2.3
-1674
372
-34
14
0.13
0.08
-20
24
0.55
0.18
24
10.6
0
283
0
8
0
0.05
0
11
0
0.06
PP305
PPRO
PG305
PGRA
Allele
Fre
kgDE
kgDE
%DE
kgDE
%DE
19
-746138
-174
0.140.08
17
0,80.09
24
0216
01
00.08
012
00.19
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DISCUSIN
Frecuencias allicas del gen BoLA DRB3.2.
En el hato Paysand fueron identificados 27 alelos
BoLA DRB3.2 en los grupos genticos Holstein y
BxH, siendo indicativo de un alto polimorfismo
para este gen. En el grupo gentico Holstein
se encontraron 23 alelos BoLA DRB3.2 y los 10
alelos ms frecuentes fueron: BoLA DRB3.2*23,
22, 24, 16, 33, 8, 39, 37, 27 y 18 y presentaron
una frecuencia acumulada de 0.78. Estos
resultados fueron similares a los obtenidos por
varios autores que determinaron las frecuencias
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DISCUSSION
Allelic frequencies of gene BoLA DRB3.2. 27
BoLA DRB3.2 alleles were identified at Paysand
cattle farm in genetic groups Holstein and BxH,
indicating a high polymorphism for this gene.
The Holstein genetic group had 23 BoLA DRB3.2
alleles, and the 10 most frequent alleles were:
BoLA DRB3.2*23, 22, 24, 16, 33, 8, 39, 37, 27
and 18 presenting an accumulated frequency
of 0.78. These results were similar to those
obtained by various authors who determined the
allele frequencies of the gene BoLA DRB3.2 in
various Holstein populations and which Support
the results of this investigation (6,10,11,17-19).
On the other hand, 18 BoLA DRB3.2 alleles
were identified for the BxH genetic group,
out of which 11 were reported to be from the
blanco Orejinegro (BON) breed, (20). The allelic
frequencies obtained in BxH cows in this study
were different, compared to those obtained from
the BON breed (20). The differences in the allelic
frequencies is possibly due to the fact that mainly
F2 (25% BON and 75% Holstein) animals were
used in this investigation.
Table 4. Associations of BoLA DRB3.2 alleles with productive traits found in literature and in this investigation.
Allele
Breed
No Animals
3
6
Holstein
Gyr
Holstein
Gyr
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein1
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Gyr
Holstein
Holstein1
BONxHolstein1
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein1
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Holstein
Gyr
Holstein1
Holstein1
Holstein1
Holstein1
Gyr
186
1058
186
1058
186
835
328
66
328
186
328
262
424
328
66
25
835
262
66
328
186
262
186
186
424
65
66
66
66
1058
8
10
11
16
19
22
23
24
26
27
29
33
36
54
Milk
Decrease
Increase
Decrease
Increase
Decrease
Traits
Protein
Decrease
Increase
Increase
Decrease
Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase
Decrease
Increase*
Decrease
Increase*
Increase
Decrease
Increase
Increase
Decrease
Fat
Decrease
Decrease
Increase
Increase*
Increase
Decrease
Increase
Increase*
Decrease
Increase
Increase*
Decrease
Decrease*
Increase*
Increase*
Increase*
Increase
Decrease
Decrease
Increase
Increase*
Decrease
Reference
6
12
6
12
6
10
11
6
6
11
22
21
11
10
22
11
6
22
6
6
21
12
BoLA DRB3.2 alleles associated to productive traits found in this investigation. *The association is referenced as a percentage of the evaluated characteristic.
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Acknowledgements
This article was part of the project: Correlation
between clinical and subclinical mastitis with the
genotypic variants of gene BoLA DRB3.2, present
in cows and calves of first calving at the milk farm
of hacienda Paysand at the Universidad Nacional
de Colombia, QUIPU code 20101006713,
financed by the Direccin de Investigacin de la
Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medelln.
Agradecimientos
Este artculo fue parte del proyecto: Correlacin
entre mastitis clnica y subclnica con las
variantes genotpicas del gen BoLA DRB3.2,
presentes en las vacas y novillas de primer
parto del hato lechero de la hacienda Paysand
de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, cdigo
QUIPU 20101006713, financiado por la Direccin
de Investigacin de la Universidad Nacional de
Colombia sede Medelln.
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