UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology

_________________________________________________________________

MECHANICS OF MACHINES LABORATORY

LAPORAN MAKMAL/LABORATORY REPORT
Kod M/Pelajaran/
Subject Code
Kod & Tajuk Ujikaji/
Code & Title of
Experiment

ENGINEERING
LABORATORY III

Seksyen
/Section

Kod Kursus/
Course Code

No. K.P / I.C

No.

Kumpulan/Group
Nama Pelajar/Name
of Student
Lecturer/Instructor/T
utors Name
Nama Ahli
Kumpulan/
Group Members
1
.
2
.
3
.
4
.
5
.
Tarikh Ujikaji /
Date of Experiment
Tarikh Hantar /
Date of Submission

BNJ 37201

No. Matrik
1.
2.
No.
Matrik

ULASAN
PEMERIKSA/COMMENTS

Penilaian / Assesment
Teori / Theory
Keputusan /
Results
Pemerhatian /
Observation
Pengiraan /
Calculation
Perbincangan
/ Discussions
Kesimpulan /
Conclusion
Rujukan /
References
JUMLAH /
TOTAL

10
%
15
%
20
%
10
%
25
%
15
%
5
%
100
%

COP
DITERIMA/APPROVED
STAMP

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________

MECHANICS OF MACHINES LABORATORY

LAPORAN MAKMAL/LABORATORY REPORT
Kod M/Pelajaran/
Subject Code
Kod & Tajuk Ujikaji/
Code & Title of
Experiment

ENGINEERING
LABORATORY III

Seksyen
/Section

Kod Kursus/
Course Code

No. K.P / I.C

No.

Kumpulan/Group
Nama Pelajar/Name
of Student
Lecturer/Instructor/T
utors Name
Nama Ahli
Kumpulan/
Group Members
1
.
2
.
3
.
4
.
5
.
Tarikh Ujikaji /
Date of Experiment
Tarikh Hantar /
Date of Submission

BNJ 37201

No. Matrik
1.
2.
No.
Matrik

Penilaian / Assesment
Teori / Theory
Keputusan /
Results
Pemerhatian /
Observation
Pengiraan /
Calculation
Perbincangan
/ Discussions
Kesimpulan /
Conclusion
Rujukan /
References
JUMLAH /
TOTAL

ULASAN
PEMERIKSA/COMMENTS

10
%
15
%
20
%
10
%
25
%
15
%
5
%
100
%

COP
DITERIMA/APPROVED
STAMP

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
COURSE INFORMATION
COURSE TITLE: ENGINEERING LABORATORY III (BNJ 37201)
TOPIC 1: UNDAMPED BEAM OSCILLATIONS
1. OBJECTIVES
The objective of this experiment is to:
1.1
1.2

Determine the elastic/deflection coefficient (stiffness) of the spring

Measure the natural frequency of the beam using different spring types and
positioning.
2. LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this experiment, student should be able to:

2.1
2.2

Understand the concept of undamped beam oscillations.

Implement and analyze the required data collectively within member of
group.
Produce good technical report according to the required standard.

2.3

3. THEORY
To determine the deflection coefficient of spring:
Force = Kx

(1)

where, K = elastic coefficient of spring and x = spring elongation

K

m2 m1 g
x 2 x1

(2)

Natural frequency angle:

Natural Frequency:

Time Interval:

3Ka

2
mL2

(3)

3Ka mL

(4)

t 2 mL

3Ka 2

(5)

Beam mass = 1.628kg

Beam length = 730mm

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________

spring

beam

Figure 1: Spring Stiffness

3.1

Figure 2: Natural Frequency of Beam

ADDITIONAL THEORY

....

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
4. EQUIPMENT
Table 1: Apparatus
Quantity
3
1
1
1
5
1
1

Apparatus
Spring, type K1, K2, K3
Steel ruler 1m
Stop Watch
TM150 Universal Vibration System
Apparatus
50gm Load Hook
Weight set (50g, 150g, 200g)
Vernier Caliper

5. PROCEDURES
5.1

DETERMINE THE SPRING DEFLECTION COEFFICIENT

5.1.1

5.1.7
5.1.8

Prepare test apparatus as in Figure 1 in the TM150 Universal Vibration

Apparatus.
Measure the length of spring K1 without any load.
Attach a 200g load at the spring end and measure the length of spring
again
Add another 200g load to the spring and measure the length of spring.
Add another 200g load to the spring which makes a total of 600g. Measure
the length of spring again.
Add another 200g load to the spring which makes a total of 800g. Measure
the length of spring again.
Complete the Table 2.
Repeat the steps 5.1.1 5.1.5 for the springs K2 and K3.

5.2

DETERMINE THE NATURAL FREQUENCY OF BEAM

5.2.1

Prepare the test apparatus as in Figure 2 in the TM150 Universal Vibration

Apparatus
Attach the end of spring to the lever arm at a distance of 350mm from the
lever end.
Level the lever arm with the spring attached. Arrange the grid paper to be
at the center of the marker.
Switch on the power.
Pull and release the lever end and at the same time switch on motor to
operate the paper grid. Record 10 oscillations.
Repeat the steps 5.2.1 5.2.5 by changing the distance of spring position
to 650 mm from the lever end.
Repeat the steps 5.2.1 5.2.6 by using different types of springs provided.
Complete the Tables 3 and 4.

5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6

5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.2.6
5.2.7

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
6. RESULTS
DATA FOR TEST 1
Table 2: Spring Deflection Determination
Spring
Type

Weight(g)

Load(N)

200
400
K1

600
800
200
400

K2

600
800
200
400

K3

600
800

Spring
Length
(mm)

Elongation
(mm)

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
DATA FOR TEST 2
Table 3: Effect of Spring Stiffness on the Natural Frequency of the Beam
Sample

Spring Stiffness(N/mm)

Length of Lever a
(mm)

K1

350 mm

K1

650 mm

K2

350 mm

K2

650 mm

K3

350 mm

K3

650 mm

1
2
3
4
5
6

Natural Frequency
(Hz)

Table 4: Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Natural Frequencies of the

Beam
Sample

Time(s)

Natural
Frequency(Hz)
(Experimental)

1
2
3
4
5
6

Time(s)

Natural
Frequency Hz
(Theoretical)

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
7. OBSERVATION

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
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8. CALCULATIONS

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
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10

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
9. DISCUSSIONS
9.1

Draw the graph of forces versus elongation and explain briefly the
correlation of experimental and theoretical value of the plotted graph.

9.2

Explain the effect of spring stiffness on natural frequency of the beam

from test 2.

9.3

Explain the factors that affecting the differences of result between

experimental value and theoretical value of natural frequency.

11

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
9.4
In an automotive environment, what would be the effect of installing the
same coil spring into another cars with a different specifications. Discuss.

10. CONCLUSION
Deduce conclusions from the experiment. Please comment on your experimental
work in terms of achievement, problems faced throughout the experiment and
suggest recommendation for improvements.

12

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Engineering Technology
_________________________________________________________________
11. REFERENCES

13