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Buoyancy is basically , the ability of something to float or rise in a fluid . Simple as that ,
more scientifically buoyancy refers to a force that aries from the pressure exerted on an
object by a fluid (a liquid or a gas ). Since its a force we call it the buoyant force .
SHIP STABILITY
BOUYANCY
SECARA RINGKASNYA . . .
The ability of an object to float in water or air
The power of a liquid to make someone or something float
The ability of someone or something to continue to be happy , strong through the
difficult times
When a ship is floating at rest in calm water , it is acted upon by two sets of forces
a)the downward force of gravity
b)the upward force of buoyancy
The force of gravity is a resultant or composite force including the weights of all
portions of the ships structure , equipment , cargo , and personnel . The force of
gravity may be considered as a single force , which acts downward through the ships
center of gravity(G)
The force of buoyancy is also a composite force which result from the pressure of the water
on the ships hull . A good example of the immersing container in a tank of water as shown
below
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3.2.2 IMPORTANCE OF
RESERVED BUOYANCY
Reserved is an enclosed , watertight volume of the vessel above the water line . It is
important to a vessels stability the portion of the vessel considered effective
contribute to a vessels righting arm when heeled .
The shaded section is the underwater volume of the hull . The unshaded part is known as reserve buoyancy and
can be simply described as the volume of the vessel above the water line .
The buoyancy also important for the vessels safe operation at sea .
For example; the more you load the boat , the greater its displacement , the more it will sink in the water , the less
reserve buoyancy . Every boat must have sufficient reserve buoyancy to opereate safely: do not overload your
vessel . Commercial vessels have a load line assigned to them and it is an offence to proceed to sea .
Purpose of loadline is to allot a maximum legal limit up to which a ship can be loaded . By
prescribing such limits , the risk of having the vessel sailing with inadequate freeboard and
buoyancy can be limited . A vessel should be having sufficient freeboard at all the times ,
any exceptions made will result in insufficient stability and excessive stress on the ship s hull .
This is where loadline play an important role , as it make the task of detecting ehether the
vessel is over-loaded and it is freeboard tremendously easy and effortless .
Ensure all crew members are familiar with the locations of the watertight doors
(WTDs) and weather tight closures throughout their vessels. Knowing the locations of
such WTDs and weather tight closures should be part of the crew member vessel
familiarization process.
Ensure WTDs and hatches are closed while at sea and as otherwise specified in the
stability guidance provided to the master or individual in charge. The importance of
keeping WTDs and hatches closed should be emphasized on a regular basis (e.g. at
safety meetings). WTDs and hatches should be opened only briefly to allow passage
and labeled appropriately to remind crew members to close them. If they must
remain open to permit work, WTDs and hatches should be attended at all times so
that they can immediately be closed. Any WTDs permitted to be open while the
vessel is underway should be secured during drills to ensure they work properly.
Implement a WTD inspection program to ensure each WTD is regularly inspected and
properly maintained. As part of the inspection of each WTD, the following should be
examined:
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Ensure electrical cables and conduits, piping runs, remote valve actuators, and other
components that penetrate watertight bulkheads, decks, and compartments are
inspected frequently and properly maintained. Each may have a unique sealing
method involving glands with packing assemblies, penetration seals, or other
methods. Frequent inspection and proper maintenance of these various fittings and
assemblies will assist in minimizing the possibility of progressive flooding.