ELECTION LAW

I.
Introduction
A.
Suffrage
1987 Constitution
- Art. II, Sec. 1: Declaration of Principles and State Policies
- Art. IV, Sec. 2: Citizenship
- Art. V: Suffrage
- Art. Sec. VI, Secs. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 17 & 19: Legislative Department
- Art. VII, Secs. 2, 3, 4, 7-10: Executive Department
Cases:
- Faypon v. Quirino, G.R. No. L-7068, December 22, 1954
- Romuladez-Marcos vs. Commission on Elections, 248 SCRA 300 (1995)
- Jalosjos v. Comelec, 670 SCRA 572 (2012)
B.

Comelec

1987 Constitution
i. Composition
- Art. IX-C, Secs. 1, 3
ii. Powers
- Art. IX, Secs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 11
- R.A. No. 6646 (The Electoral Reforms Law of 1987), Secs. 29 & 30
- R.A. No. 6735 (The Initiative and Referendum Act), Secs. 6 & 8
II.

Registration of Voters

1987 Constitution
- Art. V, Secs. 1 - 2
- R.A. No. 8189 (The Voters Registration Act of 1996)
Cases
- Akbayan-Youth vs. Comelec, 355 SCRA 318
- Kabataan Party-List Representative Raymond V. Palatino et al. vs. Commission on Elections, 608 SCRA 248
- R.A. No. 9189 (The Overseas Absentee Voting Act), Secs. 4, 5, 7, 8
- R.A. No. 9225 (The Citizenship Retention and Re-acqusition Act), Sec. 5
III.

Political parties
1987 Constitution

- Art. IX-C, Secs. 5, 6, 7, 8

- B.P. Blg. 881 (The Omnibus Elections Code), Secs. 60 - 62
IV.

Party-List

1987 Constitution
- Art. VI, Sec. 5(2)

- Art. IX-C, Secs. 6 8

Cases
- Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party vs. Commission on Elections, 359 SCRA 698
- BANAT vs. Commission on Elections, 586 SCRA 21
V.

Candidates

A.

Eligibility

1987 Constitution
- Art. VI, Secs. 3 & 6
- Art. VII, Secs. 2 & 3
- R.A. No. 7160 (The Local Government Code), Secs. 39 & 40
Cases
- Borja, Jr. vs. Commission on Elections, 295 SCRA 157
- Rivera III vs. Commission on Elections, 523 SCRA 41
- Dizon vs. Commission on Elections, 577 SCRA 589,
- Aldovino, Jr. vs. Commission on Elections, 609 SCRA 234
B.
Certificate of candidacy
- Quinto v. Comelec, G.R. No. 189698, Dec. 1, 2009
VI.

Election
A.
Election period

1987 Constitution
- Art. IX-C, Sec. 9
B.
Campaign period
- B.P. 881 (The Omnibus Elections Code), Sec. 3
- R.A. No. 9006 (The Fair Election Act)
C. Campaign Propaganda
- R.A. No. 9006 (The Fair Election Act), Secs. 6.6, 6.7, 6.8
D. Contributions and expenditures
- R.A. No. 7166 (Synchronization of National & Local Elections)
F. Precincts/polling places
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369 (Automated Election Law)
G. Board of Election Inspectors
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369 (Automated Election Law)
H. Watchers
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369 (Automated Election law)
I. Ballots
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369 (Automated Election Law)
J.Casting and counting of ballots
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No.9369
K. Election returns
- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369

L. Canvass and proclamation

- R.A. No. 8436, as amended by R.A. No. 9369
M. Pre-proclamation controversies
i. Jurisdiction
- B.P. Blg. 881, Secs. 242, 243
N.

Election contests
i.
Jurisdiction

1987 Constitution,
- Art. VI, Sec. 17
- Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(2)
O. Election offenses
Jurisdiction
1987 Constitution, Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(6)
- B.P. Blg. 881, Secs. 261, 262
-

R.A. No. 8436 (The Automated Election Law), Sec. 29

Pre-mature campaigning
- R.A. No. 9369, Sec. 13
Cases
- Lanot v. Comelec, 507 SCRA 114
- Penera v. Comelec, 605 SCRA 574
Term Limit
Cases
- Rivera III vs. Commission on Elections, 523 SCRA 41
- Dizon vs. Commission on Elections, 577 SCRA 589
- Aldovino, Jr. vs. Commission on Elections, 609 SCRA 234