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Fire Protection Manual
I N D E X
0.
PREFACE
1.
SUBMISSION OF PLANS
2.
APPLICATION FOR DISCOUNTS
3.
INSPECTION STAFF
4.
INTERNAL APPLIANCES
5.
FIRE ENGINES AND TRAILER PUMPS
6.
HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
7.
FIRE HYDRANT SERVICE
8.
HYDRANT PROTECTION OF COTTON GIN & PRESS FACTORIES
9.
MUTUAL AID SCHEME
10.
APPENDIX I
11.
APPENDIX II
12.
APPENDIX III
13.
APPENDIX IV
14.
APPENDIX V
15.
APPENDIX VI
16.
INTERNAL GUIDELINES
**********
Page 1 of 98
FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

PREFACE
The First Edition of this Manual was issued by the Calcutta Fire Insurance Association in
1906 and was brought up-to-date and re-issued in 1930.
The third, fourth and fifth
Editions were published jointly by the Insurance Associations of India and Pakistan in
1948, 1950 and 1953 respectively to provide for the needs of the whole of the areas
controlled by these Associations. The subsequent sixth, seventh and eighth Editions
were published by the Fire Sectional Committees of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi and Madras
Regional Councils of the Insurance Associations of India. In the ninth Edition published
in 1982, amendments and additions were effected to bring the provisions in line with
current thinking on fire protection techniques and to encourage installation of fixed fire
extinguishing appliances/alarm systems in relatively low hazard risks on the one hand
and tighten requirements for design of systems suitable for high hazard risks such as
Petroleum Refineries, Petrochemical and Fertiliser Plants on the other hand, which,
world-wide experience has indicated, need
copious quantities
of water and other
extinguishing media. In this tenth Edition an effort has been made to further update and
streamlines the regulations.
The Manual should prove of value to factory owners and their technical personnel when
dealing with matters relating to fire extinguishing appliances and also constitute a handy
book of reference to Insurance officials.
The maintenance of fire extinguishing appliances in an efficient state and familiarisation

with all details of operations is essential if the maximum benefit is to be derived in the
emergency of an outbreak of a fire.
The Manual incorporates long experience of fire protection engineering both in India and
elsewhere in the world. Compliance of the rules will not only obtain appropriate discount
in the fire insurance premium but will also instil feeling of security that the presence of
efficient fire-fighting equipment should engender. Direct loss from fire and the resultant
wastage is always serious but the indirect loss and the resultant dislocation of business
is often much more serious.
The Regional Offices of Tariff Adv. Committee maintain an inspection staff of qualified
engineers, specialists in fire protection and prevention engineering and practice in all its
aspects. The services of this staff are available to make recommendations and carry out
inspections in keeping with the nature of work. (All references to Committee or staff
Page 2 of 98
thereof in this preface and in the body of the Manual apply to the Committee controlling
the territory within which the risk is situated).
The Manual initially deals with portable appliances and small bore hose reels, which are
considered as first-aid appliances. The regulations regarding trailer pumps are covered
next.
The last part is devoted to fixed external protection in the form of a hydrant
system which is considered the backbone of the entire fire-fighting operations as it

fights fires of serious proportions in all classes of risks and continues to do so even in
the event of a collapse of the buildings/structures protected. High-rise buildings which
have become a common feature of modern society present inherent fire hazard as fire
brigades are often helpless in the face of fires in such structures and are unable to save
human lives and fight fires effectively with traditional methods. A separate section has,
therefore, been devoted for prescribing the specialised type of protection required by
these structures.
In case it is desired to install any appliances, which are not covered by this manual,
assistance and advice may be obtained from the inspection staff maintained by the
Regional Offices.
Wherever reference to any Indian Standard appears in this Manual, it should be taken as
a reference to its latest version.
******************
Page 3 of 98
FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

REQUIREMENTS REGARDING SUBMISSION OF PLANS:
Plans for submission to the Committee shall be drawn up in accordance with the
Following requirements: 1.1.
Plans shall be clear, contain all required details including scale and point of
1.2.
Plans of new installations shall show the entire Compound; all buildings
Compass and shall be dated.
therein, with their door and window openings, and the boundary walls.
Buildings under construction and future extension envisaged shall be
indicated
by
dotted
lines.
Plans
of
extensions
to
approved
existing
installations need not show the rest of the compound but sufficient details
shall be given of the existing installations in correlation to the extension, to

enable the Committees Inspection Staff to check the plans and offer
comments. In case of storied buildings, drawings submitted shall include
plans of each storey together with sectional elevations.
The locations and
details of fire access staircases together with the arrangements of hydrants
on their landings shall also be shown. Further, a Table showing List of Blocks
protected as per Committees rules should be given.
1.3.
Material: Plans shall be on White paper or Ammonia paper or Ferro Prussiate
1.4.
Plans shall generally be prepared in accordance with IS: 696, shall not exceed
paper.
850 x 1200 mm in size and shall be drawn to a scale not exceeding 1:500 or
1:1000. In the case of very large compounds with more than one risk, it is
advisable to submit separate plans for each risk with a key showing the
relative situation of the various risk etc. in
1.5.
Signs -
the compounds.
1.5.1 Pucca walls to be shown by double lines, doors and windows being
clearly marked.
Page 4 of 98
1.5.2
Iron or other non-masonry walls to be shown by a thin line and
nature of Construction indicated.
1.5.3 Perfect Party Walls (PPW) to be indicated by the sign
T at each end of the
wall, or have the letters PPW alongside or across them at regular intervals
and marked in distinctive colour.
1.5.4 Fireproof doors and/or Shutters to be marked as follows Single Fireproof Door and/or Shutter
SFD
Double Fireproof Doors and/or Shutters DFD
1.5.5 Elevated fire service tanks to be shown hatched and their capacity and height
of base above the highest roof to be stated.
N.B.
In case of multipurpose elevated tanks, the capacity reserved for
sprinkler installation to be indicated instead of the total capacity.
1.5.6 Sky lights to be marked Sky Lights or " SL".
1.5.7 Boiler to be shown by a rectangular figure marked Boiler.

BOILER
1.5.8 Hydrant Mains to be shown by a red line; the diameter, length and number of
pipes being marked alongside and specials and reducers to be clearly

indicated.
mm. LENGTH OF -M. EACH
1.5.9 Hydrant Heads to be shown by red circles not less than 3 mm in diameter and
marked SH. Double Hydrant to be indicated by double circles and marked

DH.
Page 5 of 98
1.5.10 Water Monitors to be shown by a circle with an oblique arrow through it and
marked, WM
WM
1.5.11 Cut-off valves to be marked/drawn across the mains.
1.5.12 Sprinkler and Hydrant pumps to be clearly marked and the capacity and head
to be indicated in each case.
1.5.13 Pump(s) suction piping to be shown dotted and diameter indicated.
1.5.14 Surface fire service Water tanks and reservoirs to be shown to scale and
average depth indicated.
1.5.15 Sprinkler trunk mains to be shown by a blue line, the sizes being marked
alongside.
mm SPK MAIN
1.5.16 Fire alarm bells to be shown by blue circles and marked FAB.
F.A.B
1.5.17
Sprinklered blocks to be marked S
1.5.18 Oil, solvent, acid and other chemical tanks to be drawn to scale and suitably
marked.
1.5.19 Open storage areas to be clearly shown by hatched outlines and marked
Open Storage Site for.
1.5.20 Electric cable(s) for the fire pump(s) to be shown in green line(s)
______________
Page 6 of 98
2. PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN THE CASE OF APPLICATION FOR

DISCOUNTS:
2.0
The sanction of discounts off insurance premiums shall necessarily follow

consideration by the Regional Office (TAC) all details of the risk including
manufacturing processes involved and the protective appliances to be installed in
order to ensure that the Standards laid down have been fully observed. To
prevent confusion or disappointment, definite rules for procedure have been laid
down as follows: 2.1
Proposals for the installation of appliances shall be submitted to the Regional

Office (TAC) by the Leading Office on the risk and shall comprise-
2.1.1 Material specifications
of
equipment and
components
of the
installation,
indicating the name of manufacturers, Standards/Specifications and name of

approving authority, if any.
2.1.2 In the case of internal appliances, details of the areas of the various
compartments, their occupation and the quantities and types of appliances
proposed.
2.1.3 In the case of sprinkler and hydrant installation, fully dimensioned plans in
duplicate as called for in Item 1.
2.1.4 In addition to the above, the following details would be necessary in the case of
hydrant installation a)
(I) Drawings showing layout of the entire hydrant system, incorporating type
of joints, details of pump and its prime mover. Another table giving the
details of single headed and double headed hydrants, internal hydrants,
fire escape hydrants, no. of hose pipes (15 m and 7.5 m length) and
branch pipe with nozzles including 10 % spares, mode of distribution of
those pipes and total equivalent no. of hydrants should be included. There
should be a table showing the percentage of various pipe diameters used

in the systems.
a)
(II) Typical sectional elevation drawing showing the height, dimensions etc. of
the stand post for single headed hydrant, double headed hydrants,
monitors specifying diameter of nozzle, riser mains and landing valve of
Page 7 of 98
riser mains of FEH, Cut-Off valve chambers in plan and elevation should
be incorporated.
a)
III) In case of blocks having upper floors, separate upper floors plans showing
the locations, fire escape hydrants (FEH) and staircases, sectional

elevational drawings of the escape staircase; Riser main and location of
landing valve of FEH should be submitted, preferably along with, civil

construction (architects) drawings of individual blocks
N.B. In the case of storeyed blocks, floor area of each floor, with
particulars of fire proof shutters of fireproof door and nearest machinery,

wired glass windows etc. to be marked.
b)
Layout of pump house showing clearly the suction, delivery and priming
(if any) arrangements along with full scale drawing of pump, motor, diesel
engine, DG Control panel, MCC for electric driven pumps, Valves etc.
c)
Details of water storage tanks giving particular of compartmentation and
jack-well, details of inflow and particulars of tapings for other purposes, if

any with water reservoir capacity RCC or steel lined or un-lined, combined
process water or exclusive fire water reservoir should be given.
d)
Sub-station location in relation to other blocks if the pump is electrically
driven. If the substation is attached to any other building, the details of

segregation from adjoining buildings, indicating transformer room, LT, HT,
location of change-over-switch, DG Room etc.
e)
Plans of Sub-Station showing thickness of internal walls and equipment

layout along with single line schematic diagram of the pump from the
main substation to the Fire Pump room along with tapping, circuit
breaker and switch fuse units.
f)
2.2
Route of cable from Sub-Station to fire pump house.
g)
Schematic circuit line diagram showing power supply inside the fire pump
h)
Legend explaining the various symbols used shown should be given.
room.
Discounts will be considered only if all hand appliances and their accessories as
well as all components of hydrant, sprinkler and other fire protection systems are
of a type and make, approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee.
Page 8 of 98
2.3
No discounts will be considered for a sprinkler or hydrant system unless the same
has been hydraulically tested with trenches open atleast once during the course
of installation by the Committee's Inspectorate, and found in order. Further, site
engineer of the Installing Contractor should maintain progress record with

protocol duly signed by representative of the client and him.
2.4
The prior submission of proposals to the Committee before the work is
commenced, is essential, to ensure that the installation will conform to the
Committees requirements but does not dispense with the procedure laid down
hereafter for application for the sanction of discounts.
2.5
Application for discounts shall be submitted on special forms provided for the
purpose by the Committee and shall comprise:
2.5.1
Application by the Leading Office (Appendix I)
2.5.3
Schedule of Appliances (Signed by Insured)
2.5.2
2.6
Guarantee by the Insured (Appendix II)
(Appendix III)
In every case, a plan of the premises prepared in accordance with the
requirements indicated in 1.1 to 1.5 shall accompany any application for a
discount for fire extinguishing appliances and, in the case of sprinkler and/or
hydrant installations, Installing Engineers detailed 'As Erected working drawings
are essential.
N.B. A Certificate of Completion from the installing Engineers stating the
pressure to which the installation(s) has been subjected and giving the date(s)
from which it was in complete working order should also be submitted. Further,
progress record with protocol duly signed by client, installing contractor and/or
project consultants should be submitted.
2.7
Even in the case of extensions to an existing service, a complete set of forms and
2.8
Applications, which relate to discounts for appliances other than hydrants, shall
plants detailed in 2.5 and 2.6 above shall be submitted.
also be accompanied by a plan of the premises showing the layout and

distribution of appliances.
2.9
No application for discount can be entertained until the relative appliances are
complete, in position, ready for use and fully operative.
An appropriate discount
or allowance will be sanctioned by the Committee from the date of the completed
Page 9 of 98
application, (in accordance with 2.5 and 2.6 above) subject to the appliances
being found in order on inspection by the Committees Inspectorate. In the event

of the installation being found incomplete or defective, the discount will be with
held (or withdrawn if already notified) until the detects have been rectified to the
satisfaction of the Committee.
2.10
No allowance shall be made for Fire Extinguishing Appliances until notified by the
Committee either by letter or circular, and then, with effect only from the date
specified in such notification.
2.11
Discounts sanctioned solely on account of installation of internal appliances will

be valid for a period of four years only; hence fresh applications, accompanied by
the report of the Engineers of the Insurance Company (as per Appendix IV) shall
be submitted every four years.
2.12
Proposals for the installation of appliances not specifically covered by these rules
2.13
Offices and the insured are requested not to change block numbers as this
shall first be submitted to the Committee for approval.
naturally affects the Committees records and causes confusion.
numbers have to be changed, the Committee shall be notified at once.

2.14
If block
Discounts sanctioned for installation of appliances shall normally stand withdrawn
in the event of a strike or lockout in the premises for duration of seven days or
more. For this reason, it is imperative that the Committee be apprised as soon as
a strike or lockout is declared.
3.
3.1
COMMITTEE'S INSPECTION STAFF:
The Committee undertakes, as far as possible, the periodical inspection of all
premises in which fire extinguishing appliances, entitling the risk to special

discounts or ratings for such appliances, are installed.
For this purpose, the Committees Inspection Engineers shall have the right of
access to the premises of the Insured at any time with or without giving any prior
notice.
3.2
The Primary duty of the Inspectors is to report to the Committee on the condition
and efficiency of the appliances installed as well as to ensure the regulations are
being observed. They will, however, give help and advice in the maintenance of
the appliances and on matters pertaining to fire protection and prevention.
Page 10 of 98
3.3
The attention of the Inspecting Engineers shall be drawn, during their visits, to
any changes effected since the previous inspection or to any contemplated

extensions and alterations to the existing services.
This procedure does not,
however, dispense with the necessity of advising the Insurance Company or

Companies interested on the risk of any changes, which affect the plan of the risk
or the details of the appliances, recorded with Committee.
4. INTERNAL APPLIANCES 4.
Internal appliances generally consist of hand appliances (first aid appliances) and
4.1
HAND APPLIANCES -
4.1.1
GENERAL
hose reels.
4.1.1.1 Hand appliances comprise buckets and extinguishers.
4.1.1.2 ALL APPLIANCES INCLUDING EXTINGUISHER REFILLS AND FOAM COMPOUND
SHALL BE IN CAPACITIES INDICATED IN THE RELEVANT INDIAN STANDARDS

SPECIFICATION AND SHALL BEAR ISI CERTIFICATION MARK.
(Accessories
including extinguisher refills shall also be ISI marked) BUCKETS SHALL BE OF

ROUND BOTTOM TYPE.
4.1.1.3 The usefulness of these appliances is limited, as it is entirely dependent upon the
presence of persons having knowledge to operate them. Everything depends,
however, on the speed with which they are brought into use as they are
essentially First-Aid equipment, only meant for attacking small fires in their
incipient stages and are not intended to deal with large outbreaks of fires.
4.1.1.4 Since a variety of shapes and/or methods of operation of fire extinguishers can at
times lead to confusion and as failure to operate the extinguishers properly in the
first instance results in failure to quench the fire, it is recommended that

extinguishers installed in any one building or single occupancy be similar in shape
and appearance and have the same method of operation as far as possible.
4.1.1.5 It is recommended that an indicator board showing the number of buckets and
extinguishers installed in each department be provided over or near the main

entrance to the department.
This will enable the person in charge of the
appliances to ascertain at a glance if any appliances are missing.
Page 11 of 98
4.1.1.6 It is advisable to provide conspicuous location indicators of a suitable type for all
extinguishers, particularly those located in large compartments.
4.1.2
SELECTION OF HAND APPLIANCES:
4.1.2.1 Various types of hand appliances are available but all are not equally effective on
all kinds of fires. For this reason, the nature of contents of a building, the
processes carried out therein and the types of fires, which may occur, shall be
taken into consideration while selecting fire appliances.
4.1.2.2 The different types of fires and appliances suitable for use on them are as under
Class
Combustibles
Hand Appliances
Fires
in
Ordinary
combustibles
(Wood,
Vegetable fibres, rubber,
plastics, Paper and the
likes).
Gas expelled Water and

Antifreeze
type
extinguishers and Water
Buckets.
Fires in flammable liquids,

paints, grease, solvents
and the likes.
Chemical Extinguishers
of Carbon dioxide type
and Dry Powder type and
Sand Buckets.
Fires in Gaseous substances

under
pressure
and
liquefied gases.
Chemical Extinguishers
of Carbon di oxide and
Dry Powder type.
Fires in reactive chemicals,

Active metals and the likes.
Special type of Dry

Powder,
Extinguishers
and sand buckets
N.B - WHERE THE ENERGISED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS ARE INVOLVED IN A

FIRE, THE NON-CONDUCTIVITY OF THE EXTINGUISING MEDIA IS OF UTMOST
IMPORTANCE AND ONLY EXTINGUISHERS EXPELLING DRY POWDER OR CARBONDI-OXIDE (WITHOUT METAL HORN) SHOULD BE USED. ONCE THE ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT IS DE-ENERGISED EXTINGUISHERS SUITABLE FOR CLASS A, B AND
C, MAY BE USED SAFELY.
Page 12 of 98
4.1.3
REQUIREMENTS OF HAND APPLIANCES -
4.1.3.1 Procedure -
The minimum number of fire extinguishers needed to protect a property shall be

determined as outlined below -
a) For any property, basic protection shall be appliances suitable for Class A fires,
Since Class A fires are of universal character. The number of extinguishers shall
be determined according to rule 4.1.3.2.
b) For occupancies where Class B fires are anticipated, a suitable number of
appliances determined by rule 4.1.3.2 shall be replaced by appliances as per

table under rule 4.1.3.4.
c) For occupancies where fires of C & D types are anticipated, the Committee may
recommend appropriate extinguishers.
4.1.3.2 One 9-litre water/sand bucket shall be provided for every 100 sq. m of the floor
area or part thereof and one 9-litre water type extinguisher shall be provided to
six buckets or part thereof with a minimum of one extinguisher and two buckets
per compartment of the building.
N.B. In the case of Cotton Gin and Press factories, the supply of hand appliances
shall be doubled that indicated above.
4.1.3.3 Buckets may be dispensed with for occupancies other than Cotton Gin and Press
factories, provided the supply of extinguishers is one- and-a-half times that
indicated above in case of Light Hazard Occupancies and double that indicated
above in case of other occupancies.
Note: For categorisation of occupancies refer rule 7.2
4.1.3.4 Acceptable replacements for water buckets and water type extinguishers in
occupancies where Class B fires are anticipated.
Page 13 of 98
Acceptable
replacement
WATER BUCKETS
Water type
Extinguishers
For each 9 litre
Extinguisher
For one
bucket
For two
buckets
Dry Sand
1 bucket
3 bucket
---
Carbon-di-Oxide
Extinguishers
(IS: 2878)
03 Kg.
09 Kg
09 Kg
Dry Powder
Extinguisher
(IS: 2171)
02 Kg
05 Kg
05 Kg
(In one or more extinguishers)
Note- Any combination of the various appliances referred to above may be employed.
4.1.3.5 For electrical equipments, it would be necessary to provide extinguishers as

under
4.1.3.5.1 For rooms containing electrical transformers, switchgears, motors and/or

electrical apparatus only, not less than two 2 Kg dry powder or carbon dioxide
type of extinguishers shall be provided within 15 m of the apparatus.
4.1.3.5.2 Where motors and/or other electrical equipments are installed in rooms other
than those containing such equipments only, one 5 Kg dry powder or carbon di
oxide extinguisher shall be installed within 15 m of such equipments in addition
to the requirement of rules 4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4 for this purpose, the same
extinguisher may be deemed to afford protection to all apparatus within 15 m

thereof.
4.1.3.5.3 Where electrical motors are installed on platforms, one 2 Kg dry powder or
carbon di oxide extinguisher shall be provided on or below each platform.
In the case of long platform with a number of motors, one extinguisher shall be
accepted as adequate for every three motors on the common platform.
NB- the above requirement will be in addition to the requirements of rules
4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4
Page 14 of 98
4.1.3.6 If in the premises, fires of class C and D are also likely to occur, the appropriate
extinguishers and the number of such extinguisher will be decided by the
Committee, in view of the special nature of occupancies.
4.1.3.7 Under special conditions, wheeled type of extinguishers may be installed with the
prior approval of the Committee.
4.1.3.8 The appliances shall be so distributed over the entire floor area, that a person
has to travel not more than 15 m to reach the nearest appliance.
Example - The following example will illustrate the method of determining the
number of fire extinguishers required to give adequate protection for a given

property.
Risk:
Area:
Light Engineering Workshop (Light Hazard).

315 m x 112 m. i.e. 35,300 sq. m.
Types of Fires:
i) Class À' fire due to normal combustibles.
ii) Class `B' fire due to existence of Spray Painting process and storage of
flammable liquids.
Number of appliances:
i)
Basic Protection 353 Buckets and
59 Water type Extinguishers OR

ii)
iii)
90 Water types Extinguishers, if buckets are dispensed with.
For Class B fires 2 Water type Extinguishers are replaced by 2 Dry Powder
Extinguishers.
For electrical equipments 6 Dry Powder Extinguisher are provided. Thus the final
number of Extinguishers is:
Water type
88
Total
96
Dry Powder type
4.1.4
08
Selection of Sites for the Installation of Hand Appliances:
4.1.4.1 When selecting sites for hand appliances due consideration shall be given to the
nature of the risk to be covered. Appliances shall be placed in conspicuous
Page 15 of 98
position and shall be readily accessible for immediate use in all parts of the
occupancy. It should always be borne in mind while selecting sites that hand
appliances are intended only for use on incipient fires and their value may be
negligible if the fire is not extinguished or brought under control in the early
stages.
4.1.4.2 Generally, hand appliances shall be placed as near as possible to exits or

staircase landings.
Wherever possible, advantage shall be taken of normal
routes of escape by placing appliances in positions where they can readily be
seen by persons following the natural impulse to get out of danger. It is not
advisable to place appliances at the end of rooms remote from exits unless they
are necessary to cover a particular hazard there.
4.1.4.3 Buckets shall be placed at convenient and easily accessible locations either on
hangers or on stands. In the case of textile mills, it is strongly advised that a
bucket be slung at the end of each spinning and roving frame.
4.1.5
Maintenance of Hand Appliances:
4.1.5.1 General
4.1.5.1.1 It is important that hand appliances are always kept in their proper positions and
if temporarily removed for repairs, are immediately replaced. In order to ensure
this, all concerns shall arrange to provide at least one man, preferably a pump
man, whose duty is to see that the fire buckets are filled with water and the
extinguishers are in efficient working order and that all appliances are in their
correct positions.
4.1.5.1.2 It is recommended that in case the paint of any hand appliance gets chipped off
or gets faded; it shall be repainted to prevent it from rust and corrosion.
4.1.5.2 Buckets:
4.1.5.2.1 Fire buckets shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which they are
intended, and shall always be kept full of water/sand.
4.1.5.2.2 To prevent breeding of mosquitoes and to comply with rules of local bodies, the
water in fire buckets shall be refilled every week and treated with sapon creosote
or phenyl in suitable quantities to just discolour the water.
4.1.5.2.3 All buckets shall be refilled with clean water or sand, as the case may be,
immediately after use.
Page 16 of 98
4.1.5.2.4 Spare buckets to the extent of 10 % of the total number installed on the
premises, subject to a maximum of 50, shall always be kept in store.
4.1.5.3 Extinguishers:
4.1.5.3.1 Spare charges to the extent of 10 % of the total number of extinguishers

installed, with a minimum of two shall always be kept in stock for each type of
extinguisher and be readily available.
4.1.5.3.2 Once a week, the extinguisher shall be checked to ensure that all movable parts
are working properly, that the plunger is in fully extended position, that the
nozzle is not obstructed in any way and that there is no leakage of the
extinguishing medium from the glands and nozzles. The extinguishers shall be
cleaned superficially and the brass parts polished.
The nozzle outlet and vent
holes in the threaded portion of the cap shall be checked for clogging.
4.1.5.3.3 Once a month, extinguishers of the Carbon Dioxide type shall be weighed. If the
weight recorded for any extinguisher is less than 90 % of the weight of the fully
charged extinguisher as marked on the body, the extinguisher shall be sent for
recharging.
4.1.5.3.4 Half the total number of water type of extinguishers and one-fifth of the total
number of Dry Powder Extinguishers installed in the premises shall be subjected

to an operation test annually.
Advantage shall be taken of this test to
impart training in the use of extinguishers, to the staff employed on the premises
where the extinguishers are located.
N.B.
Extinguishers, which have been used in a fire during a period of six
months preceding the tests, need not be taken for testing.
4.1.5.3.5 Extinguishers installed in the premises shall be subjected to a hydraulic test as

specified in IS: 2190 and at such intervals as laid down therein. Extinguishers
found leaking or distorted shall be rejected. Under no circumstances shall such
extinguishers be welded and reused.
N.B. The hydraulic test shall be certified by the manufacturer(s) of the
appliance(s) or the factory Chief Engineer or the Factory Fire OR SAFETY

OFFICER or the service contractors.
Page 17 of 98
4.1.5.3.6 A record of the operation and hydraulic tests shall be maintained, which shall be
open to examination by the Committees inspection staff.
4.1.5.3.7 The operating instructions of the extinguishers shall not be defaced or

obliterated.
In case the operating instructions are obliterated or have become
illegible due to passage of time, fresh transfers of the same shall be obtained
from the manufacturers of the appliances and affixed to the extinguishers.
Small Bore Hose Reels:
4.2
(This sort of protection is not deemed suitable for buildings/compartments

containing electrical apparatus only or in respect of buildings/ compartments in
which flammable liquids are stored and/or used)
4.2.1
HOSE REELS SHALL NORMALLY BE CONNECTED TO THE GENERAL WATER
4.2.2
The number and distribution of hose reels shall be such that the whole of
SUPPLY PIPELINES OF THE PLANT/PREMISES.
each floor is protected and that no part of the floor is more than 6 m. distant
from a hose nozzle when the hose is fully extended.
4.2.3
The hose reel shall be such as will enable not less than 22.5 litres of water to
be discharged per minute through a nozzle of not more than 6.35 mm.
internal diameter.
5.
4.2.4
Hose shall be of reinforced rubber not less than 19 mm. and not more than
4.2.5
Hose lengths shall not exceed 36.50 m.
32 mm. internal diameter.
MECHANICALLY DRIVEN FIRE ENGINES AND TRAILER PUMPS

Application:
5.1.1
This method of protection will be accepted on its own merits for the protection of
blocks/facilities
(other
than
open
storage)
in
light
and
ordinary
hazard
occupancies. Even in these occupancies buildings, which have the highest point
of the roof not exceeding 20 meters, shall only be deemed to be protected.
5.1.2
For effective application, mobile engines and/or trailer pumps shall be sited at
convenient locations from where they can be speedily moved to any portion of
Page 18 of 98
the compound in the event of a fire and for this purpose adequate vehicular
arrangements shall be available for towing trailer pumps.
5.2
Personnel:
In order to qualify for recognition, a fire fighting squad in accordance with rules
7.9.1 to 7.9.10 shall be maintained on the premises round the clock.
5.3
5.3.1
Equipment:
Trailer pumps and motor fire engines shall comply with the relevant Indian
Standards Specification or equivalent foreign specification and carry the requisite

number and type of fittings and accessories specified in such standards. Besides,
each trailer pump shall be provided with 12 lengths of 15 m long hosepipes of 63
mm diameter and six branch pipes with nozzles of 18 mm diameter. For each
motor fire engine, eighteen hosepipes each 15 m long and 63 mm diameter and
nozzles of 18 mm shall be provided along with nine branch pipes.
5.3.2
5.3.3
The capacities of individual trailer pumps and motor fire engine shall not be less
than
Trailer Pump
30 litres per second at 5.6 kg. /sq. cm.
Motor Fire Engines
30 litres per second at 7.0 kg. /sq. cm.
The number of appliances required shall not be less than that laid down
hereunder -
Light
Occupancies
Hazard
1trailer pump for every 7,000 m2 of total

built up area of protected process and
storage blocks subject to a maximum of 3
b) Ordinary
Occupancies
Hazard
1trailer pump for every 5,000 Sq. m. of total

built up area of protected process and
storage blocks subject to a max. 4
a)
N.B. - One motor fire engine could be provided as substitute for two trailer
pumps.
Portable fire pump sets (1,100-1,600 l/min.) Can also be accepted
Page 19 of 98
treating such units as equivalent to one trailer pump of 1,800 l/min provided
these sets conform to IS: 12717-1989.
5.3.4
For storeyed structures, in addition to the trailer pumps and/or motor fire
engines, dry risers of size conforming to N.B.
4 under rule 7.5.10 shall be
installed with hydrant outlets at each floor level and double male instantaneous
inlets at ground level to serve as connections for the trailer pumps in the event of
a fire. The hydrants for the upper floors shall be installed on landings of access
staircases complying with rule 7.6.15 and a hose box containing two lengths of
hose of 7.5 m (or 25 ft.) each and one nozzle shall be provided
each
of
the
alongside
upper floor hydrants. The number of risers per building and
correspondingly the number of access staircases shall depend on the floor area of
upper storeys and for this purpose the requirement of rule 7.6.15 shall apply.
N.B. Where it is not possible to fully comply with the provisions of rule 7.6.15,
reference shall be made to the Committee.
5.4
5.4.1
Water Supply:
The water supply to be drawn upon by trailer pumps or motor fire engines shall
be available in static tanks of at least 45,000 litres capacity so located that no
part of a protected building lies beyond 100 m. of the tank(s).
N.B. 1. In the case of storeyed buildings, the tank shall not be more than 50 m.
from any part of the building.
N.B. 2. Provision shall be made for indicating the capacity of the tanks for
various depths.
5.4.2
One static tank shall be provided for buildings with light hazard occupancy and
two for buildings with ordinary hazard occupancy. (Tank shall be so located as to
give easy access to the fire brigade).
N.B. The same tank(s) shall be considered as the source of water supply for all
detached buildings where no part of the building(s) lies beyond 100 m. of the
tank. The above distance shall be reduced to 50 m. in the case of storeyed

buildings.
5.4.3
Double-headed hydrants or water plugs of 100 mm diameter fitted to the
pressurised general water service main of the premises may be considered as an

alternative to static tank provided that:
Page 20 of 98
a)
The water-pressure constantly maintained in the main is not less than 0.7
kg./cm2.
b) The size of the main is at least 100 mm.

c)
For light hazard occupancy, one double- headed hydrant or one 100 mm water
plug is so located that no part of the building is beyond 100 m thereof.
For
ordinary hazard occupancy, two double- headed hydrants or two 100 mm water
plugs are located as above.
N.B. In the case of storeyed buildings, the above distance shall be reduced to 50
m.
d) The pumping capacity of the general water supply is not less than the aggregate
pumping capacity of the trailer pumps and/or motor fire engines.
e)
The storage of general water supply is in excess of 1,00,000 litres.
6.
HYDRANT PROTECTION OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS (NON-INDUSTRIAL)
6.1
Introduction -
6.1.1
A building, the highest floor of which is more than 22 M above the surrounding
pavement level, shall be considered as a high-rise building.
6.1.2
The rules are applicable to all types of buildings with non-industrial occupancies
6.1.3
In case of Buildings situated in slopping terrain, reference shall be made to the
6.2
Hydrant Protection (at ground or yard levels) -
such as Residential Hotels, Mercantile/ Business/Office buildings, apartments etc.

Committee in advance with full particulars.
6.2.1 The ground level protection with hydrants on terminal mains will be acceptable,
provided the plinth area of the building to be protected is less than 750 m2. The
location of the hydrants at ground level as well as the layout of the hydrants
system shall, otherwise, comply with various provisions under Section 7 of this
manual.
6.2.2 In case of buildings having a plinth area in excess of 750 m2, the location of the
hydrants at ground level as well as the layout of the hydrant system shall be
governed by the appropriate provisions under Section 7.6 of this manual.
The
Committee reserves its right of insisting on water monitors in place of few

hydrants if deemed necessary.
Page 21 of 98
6.2.3 Orifice plates of suitable design shall be provided in the landing valves, where
necessary, to limit the operating pressures within 7 kg/cm2.
6.2.4 Except where impracticable, all hydrant outlets shall be situated 1.0 m above
ground level.
6.3
Hydrant Protection - at various upper/lower (basement) levels
6.3.1
Access staircase
6.3.1.1 Design for a new building shall include provisions for adequate access staircases
and lifts to provide efficient means of escape and facilities for fire fighting.
6.3.1.2 One lobby approach staircase along with fire lift shall be provided for every 1,000
m2 of floor area of each storey/level (including basements). Normally a minimum
of two such staircases shall be required but in case the area of each storey is less
than 500 m2, one staircase is acceptable.
6.3.1.3 The lobby approach staircase shall be of non-combustible construction. At least
50 % of total numbers of staircases required (with a minimum of one) shall be so

located that one of their enclosing walls be an external wall of the building.
6.3.1.4 Doors at the entrances of both the lobby approach access staircases and fire lifts
shall be provided with self-closing, smoke-tight doors having one-hour fire
resistance. This arrangement will enable escape and fire fighting to be effected
more efficiently.
NOTE: If the staircases and the fire lifts are located in the core of the building, a
positive pressure of 50 Pa or 20 Pa in excess of pressure in the lobby whichever
is higher, shall be maintained within the former as an alternative to the above
provision.
6.3.1.5 The fire lifts shall be controlled by the fire brigade recall from the concourse level
and shall not respond to other calls after the fire brigade key has been activated.
The cable supplying power to the lift motor shall pass through routes of negligible
fire risk.
6.3.2
Wet Risers -
6.3.2.1 Wet riser(s) is/are a pipe or a number of pipes, permanently charged with water
under pressure, rising through the full height of the building.
6.3.2.2
The wet risers shall be located within the lobby approach staircases.
Page 22 of 98
6.3.2.3 The diameter of the riser pipes shall not be less than 150 mm anywhere. One or
two landing valves shall be connected to the riser pipe at each storey/level. In
case of excessive pressures in hydrant outlets at lower levels, orifice plates of
suitable design shall be provided in the landing valves, where necessary, to limit
the operating pressure to 7 kg/cm2.
6.4
Hose Pipes and Nozzles
6.4.1
couplings attached, shall be provided for use in case of each hydrant point on
Sufficient length of hose, subject to a minimum of two lengths of 15 M each with
risers. In addition, one nozzle of 20 mm size fitted to a branch pipe shall also be
provided. To avoid water damage, it is advisable to have reinforced rubber-lined

hoses for use with internal hydrants. (IS-636)
6.4.2
The number of hose pipes provided near external yard hydrants shall be such
that no part of the floor is more than 15 M from a hose nozzle when the hose is
fully extended and connected to hydrant landing valve.
6.4.3
Hoses, nozzles and branch pipes shall be kept adjacent to the hydrant outlet, in
wall boxes or recesses in the walls specially designed to blend architecturally with
the buildings, if so desired. All other requirements relating to the appurtenances
shall be as per the provisions under Section 7.7 of this Manual.
6.5
Pumping Arrangements
6.5.1
pumping set.
Each wet hydrant installation shall be supplied with water by an auto-start

A stand-by pump set of identical pumping capacity having a
different prime mover shall also be provided.

6.5.2
Pumps shall have capacities of 38 Litres. per seconds (137 m3 per hour) or 47
Litres. per second (171 m3 per hour) and the head generated at the rated
discharge shall be such that a minimum pressure of 3.5 Kg/cm2 will be available
at the highest landing valve in the premises.

6.5.3
The suction, delivery and priming arrangements for the pump shall comply with
6.5.4
Jockey pump(s) shall be installed in addition to the main pump set(s).
provision under Section 7.4.1 of this Manual.
The
pressure setting for the pump(s) shall be such that it cuts in approximately at
0.35 Kg/cm2 below the normal
system pressure.
system
pressure and cut out at normal
The main fire pump(s) shall be arranged to cut in
Page 23 of 98
approximately at 1 Kg/cm2 below the normal system pressure and shall be

capable only of manual shut down at churn pressure.
6.5.5
The power supply to the fire pump(s) shall be independent of all other supplies
within the premises. In other words even when the power supply to the entire
premises is switched off, the supply to the fire pump(s) and other essential
equipment shall remain uninterrupted.
6.5.6
Pump room shall be normally located detached in the compound of the building
and shall preferably be 6 m away from the building. Where it is not feasible the
pump room can be located inside the building provided it is segregated from the
remainder of the building in accordance with Committees regulations and access

to the pump room from the out side of the building shall be either direct or
through a passage which has no openings other than to the pump room.
6.5.7
The pumping installation for the high rise installations shall conform to anyone of
the following methods to avoid undesirably high pressures in the riser mains a)
Two pumps, one having a low head connected to the riser feeding the lower
storeys and the other having a higher head connected to the risers feeding
the upper storeys, shall be installed.
b) A multistage multi-outlet pump shall be installed, separate outlets being
connected to the riser feeding the lower storeys and those feeding the upper
floors. (See figure 1 and 2)
N.B. - For buildings over 60 M in height, hydrant system may either be
designed as above or may be divided into pressure zones. For each zone the
water supply for the fire protection would be designed to have pressure within
the normal operating ranges and zones of eight to ten storeys would be
adequate with a check valve in each zone to prevent the transmission of

pressure to the zone below (each zone shall have a height of 20 m to 25 m)
In each zone of fire protection piping, there shall be a gravity or pressure tank
supply. This shall be supplemented by a fire pump to provide required flow in
the zone. The fire pump shall not be used to fill gravity or pressure tank.
This should be filled from domestic water lines. In this arrangement, the pump
in the lowest zone takes suction from suction tank located at ground floor
Page 24 of 98
whereas pumps in other zones take suction from the gravity/pressure tanks in
the respective zone (See. Fig. 3)
N.B.1: - In addition to the above system, a gravity tank of 25,000 litres

capacity shall be provided on the top of the building and it shall be connected to
the pump delivery through a non-return valve.
N.B.2 - The pump controls can be located with the pump in each zone. It can
also be provided at the ground floor depending upon the suitability and
practicability of the particular building in question.
6.6
6.6.1
Water Source -
Effective capacity of fire fighting tank (See rule No. 7.3) shall not be less than 2
hrs. aggregate pumping capacity for buildings less than 60 m in height.
The
tank capacity shall, however, be increased to 3 hrs. pumping capacity for

buildings having height 60 m and above. The tanks shall be constructed in two
independent but interconnected compartments as per rule 7.3 of this Manual.
The fire tank must be in two compartments with a baffle wall in between not
going right down to the base of the tank. This arrangement will ensure proper
circulation of the firewater and prevent stagnation. (See figure below).
6.6.2
The storage tank shall be provided with a 150 mm fire brigade pumping
connection to discharge at least 2,275 Litres per minute into the tank.
This
connection shall not be taken directly into the side of the storage tank, but
arranged to discharge not less than 150 mm above the overflow level of the
tank. The connection shall be fitted with stop valve in a position approved by
the committee in advance.
An overflow connection discharging to a visible
drain point shall be provided from the storage tank.
Page 25 of 98
6.6.3
The fire brigade connection shall be fitted with four numbers of 63 mm

instantaneous inlets in a glass fronted wall box at a suitable position at street
level, so located as to make the inlets accessible from outside of the building.
The size of the wall box shall be adequate to allow hose to be connected to the
inlets, even if the door cannot be opened and the glass has to be broken. Each
box shall have fall of 25 mm towards the front at its base and shall be glazed
with wired glass with "FIRE BRIGADE INLET" painted on the inner face of the
glass in 50 mm size block letters.
6.6.4
In addition to the emergency fire brigade connection to the storage tank, a 150
mm connection shall be taken from the four 63 mm instantaneous inlets direct
to each hydrant riser so that the fire brigade may pump to the hydrants in the
event of hydrant pumps being out of the commission. The connection direct to
each riser shall be fitted with a sluice and reflux valve each.
6.7
6.7.1
Fire Fighting Staff
A fire fighting squad consisting of security and maintenance personnel under

the command of a trained fire chief, conversant with the fire control system of
the premises, shall be available. Further, the public fire brigade shall also be
acquainted with what is being installed in the premises and how the protection
systems operate. For this purpose, details of the arrangements for fire fighting
systems and the layout plan incorporating the position of the existing fire
protection system shall be forwarded to the local fire brigade for their
information and necessary action.
6.7.2
As the efficiency of the wet riser system depends on the manner and speed at
which they are brought into use, a squad consisting of trained personnel and
fire pimp man shall be maintained on the premises round the clock.
The
number of personnel for the squad shall necessarily depend upon the size of the
building but in no case shall be less than four trained persons (excluding officer
in charge on duty and pump man) be available at anytime during the day or
night.
6.7.3
A public address system shall be provided on each floor including the control
room in order to enable security and fire fighting staff to give evacuation
instructions to the occupants in case of fire. Evacuation drills shall be arranged
periodically.
Page 26 of 98
6.7.4
A metal strip of 25 mm x 3 mm section shall be provided in the staircase

enclosure
running
throughout
the
height
of
the
building
to
facilitate
transmission and reception of fire messages through walkie-talkie sets used by

brigade personnel. The strip shall be electrically insulated from the ground.
6.7.5
A plan of the risk giving floor-wise details of all fire extinguishing appliances and
water supplied shall be displayed in the pump house as well as in the room of
the security/fire officer who is in charge of the appliances.
7.
HYDRANT SERVICE -
Installation of Hand Appliances as per the Committees Regulations is a
prerequisite for any occupancy, other than storage occupancy, to be entitled to

allowance for this system.
7.1 GENERAL 7.1.0
The following Regulations are not applicable to High-Rise Buildings, the highest
floor of which is more than 22 m above the surrounding ground level or to
Cotton Gin and Press Factories, for which reference may be made to Sections 6
and 8 respectively.
7.1.1
A well designed and well laid hydrant service is the backbone of the entire fire
fighting equipment as it fights fires of serious proportions in all classes of risks
and continues to be in full operation even if part(s) of affected buildings and/or
structures have collapsed, and also keeps cool all adjoining properties, thereby
minimising the exposure hazards.
7.1.2
The advantages of providing for possible future extensions in any scheme of
hydrant protection is often overlooked. A comparatively small extension with its

attendant friction losses may overload a main so seriously as to necessitate
replacement by one of larger size and the small additional initial cost of mains
of somewhat larger capacity than immediate requirements may call for, often
leads to ultimate economy.
7.1.3
All components of the hydrant system shall be of a type and make approved by
7.1.4
The standards laid down in this Manual represent the accumulated experience of
the Tariff Advisory Committee.
many years but even when a hydrant service is designed and laid in accordance
with these standards, its efficiency in fire fighting will ultimately depend upon
Page 27 of 98
the rapidity with which it is brought into action and the ability with which its
effort is directed.
7.1.5
The maintenance of an installation is equally vital and the importance of

organised wet drills at regular intervals, which ensure that each man carries out
his allotted duties in the shortest possible time cannot be too strongly
emphasised. (Please see rule 7.10 in this connection).
7.2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF OCCUPANCIES 7.2.0
As the water supply, pumping capacity and other features of the hydrant
system depend not only on the size of the risk but also on its fire growth and
spread potentialities, the risks are to be categorised under the following classes
for the purpose of hydrant system design:
N.B. For categorisation of occupancies not listed hereunder reference shall be
made to the Regional Offices.

7.2.1
LIGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Abrasive Manufacturing Premises

Aerated Water Factories
Agarbatti Manufacturing
Aluminium/Zinc and Copper Factories
Analytical and/or Quality Control Laboratories
Asbestos Steam Packing & Lagging Manufacturers.

Battery Charging/Service Station
Battery Manufacturing
Breweries
10. Brick Works
11. Canning Factories
12. Cardamom Factories
13. Cement Factories and/or Asbestos Products Manufacturing.
14. Ceramic Factories and Crockery and Stoneware Pipe Manufacturing.

15. Cinema Theatres (including Preview Theatres)
16. Clay Works
17. Clock and Watch Manufacturing

18. Clubs
19. Coffee Curing & Roasting Premise
20. Computer installations (Main Frame)
Page 28 of 98
21. Condensed Milk Factories, Milk Pasteurising Plant and Dairies.

22. Confectionery Manufacturing
23. Dwellings
24. Educational and Research Institutes

25. Electric Generating Houses (Hydel)
26. Electric
Lamps
Manufacturing.
(Incandescent
&
Fluorescent)
and
TV
Picture
27. Electric Sub-Station/Distribution Station.

28. Electro Plating Works.
29. Electronic and/or Computer Equipments Assemble and Manufactures

30. Empty Containers Storage Yard
31. Engineering Workshops.
32. Fruits and Vegetables Dehydrating/Drying Factories.

33. Fruit Products and Condiment Factories.
34. Glass & Glass Fibre Manufacturing.
35. Godowns and Warehouses Storing non-combustible Goods.

36. Green houses
37. Gold Thread Factories/Gilding Factories.
38. Gum and/or Glue and Gelatine Manufacturing.
39. Hospitals including X-ray and other Diagnostic Clinics.

40. Ice Candy and Ice-cream Manufacturing.
41. Ice Factories.
42. Ink
(excluding Printing Ink) Factories
43. Laundries.
44. Libraries.
45. Mica Products Manufacturing.

46. Office Premises.
47. Places of worship

48. Pottery Works.
49. Poultry Farms.
50. Residential Hotels, Cafes & Restaurants.

51. Salt Crushing Factories and Refineries.
52. Stables.
53. Steel Plants (other than Gas based)

54. Sugar Candy Manufacturing.
55. Sugar Factories and Refineries.
56. Tea Blending and Tea Packing Factories

57. Umbrella Assembling Factories
Page 29 of 98
Tube
58. Vermicelli Factories.
59. Water Treatment/Water Filtration Plants and Water Pump House.

7.2.2
ORDINARY HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Airport and other Transportation Terminal Building.

Areca nut slicing and/or Betel nut Factories.
Atta and Cereal Grinding.
Bakeries.
Beedi Factories.
Biscuit Factories.
Bobbin Factories.
Bookbinders, Envelopes
Bulk Storage
& Paper bag Manufacturers.
10. Cable manufacturing

11. Camphor Boiling
12. Candle Works.
13. Carbon Paper/Typewriter Ribbon Manufacturers.

14. Cardboard Box Manufacturing.
15. Carpenters, Wood wool
& Furniture Manufacturers.
16. Carpet and Drugget Factories.

17. Cashew nut Factories.
18. Chemical Manufacturing.
19. Cigar and Cigarette Factories.

20. Coffee grinding premises
21. Coir, Factories,
22. Coir Carpets, Rugs and Tobacco, Hides and Skin Presses
23. Cold storage premises.
24. Cork products manufacturing
25. Dry Cleaning, Dyeing, Laundries.
26. Electric Generating stations (other than Hydel)

27. Enamelware Factories.
28. Filter & Wax paper Manufacturing.

29. Flour Mills.
30. Garages.
31. Garment Makers
32. Ghee Factories (other than vegetable)

33. Godowns & Warehouses (others).
34. Grain and/or Seeds Disintegrating and/or Crushing Factories.
Page 30 of 98
35. Grease Manufacturing.
36. Hat and Topee Factories.
37. Hosiery, Lace, Embroidery & Thread Factories.

38. Incandescent Gas Mantle Manufacturers,
39. Industrial Gas Mfg. Including halogenated hydrocarbon gases

40. Linoleum Factories.
41. Man-made Yarn/Fibre Manufacturing (Except Acrylic)
42. Manure and Fertiliser Works. (Blending, Mixing and granulating only)
43. Mercantile Occupancies (Dept. Stores, Shopping Complexes / Malls)
44. Mineral Oil Blending and Processing.
45. Museums.
46. Oil & Leather Cloth Factories.
47. Oil Terminals/Depots other than those categorised under High hazard A
48. Oxygen Plants.
49. Plywood Manufacturing/Wood Veneering Factories.

50. Paper & Cardboard Mills.
51. Piers, wharves, dockyards.
52. Plastic Goods Manufacturing.

53. Printing Press Premises.
54. Pulverising and Crushing Mills.

55. Rice Mills.
56. Rope Works.
57. Rubber Goods Manufacturing.
58. Rubber Tyres & Tubes Manufacturing

59. Shellac Factories.
60. Shopping Complexes (underground)

61. Silk Filatures and cocoon stores.
62. Spray painting
63. Soaps and Glycerine Factories.

64. Starch Factories
65. Steel Plants (Gas Based)
66. Tanneries/Leather Goods Manufacturers.
67. Tank farms other than those categorised under high hazard 'A'.
68. Textile Mills.
69. Tea Factories.
70. Telephone Exchanges.
71. Theatres and Auditoriums
72. Tobacco (Chewing) and Pan-masalla Making.
Page 31 of 98
73. Tobacco Grinding and Crushing.

74. Tobacco Redrying Factories.
75. Woollen Mills.
7.2.3
HIGH HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

SUB-CATEGORY (A)
1.
2.
Aircraft Hangers
Aluminium/Magnesium Powder Plants
3.
Bituminised Paper and/or Hessian Cloth Manufacturing including Tar Felt
4.
Cotton Waste Factories
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Manufacturing.
Coal and/or Coke and/or Charcoal Ball Briquettes Manufacturing.

Celluloid Goods Manufacturing.
Cigarette Filter Manufacturing.
Cinema Films & T.V. Production Studios

Collieries.
10. Cotton Seed Cleaning or De-linting Factories.

11. Distilleries.
12. Duplicating and Stencil Paper Manufacturing.

13. Fire-works Manufacturing.
14. Foamed Plastics Manufacturing and/or Converting Plants.

15. Grass, Hay, Fodder & Bhoosa (chaff)
16. Pressing Factories.
17. Jute mills & jute presses
18. LPG Bottling Plants (Mini)*

*
Bottling plants having total inventory not exceeding 100
MT of LPG and also
bottling a total quantity of not exceeding 20 MT of LPG per shift of 8 hrs.
19. Match Factories.
20. Man Made Fibres (Acrylic fibres/yarn making)

21. Mattress and Pillow Making.
22. Metal or Tin Printers (where more than 50 % of floor area is occupied as
Engineering Workshop; this may be taken as Ordinary Hazard Risk)
23. Oil Mills
24. Oil Extraction Plants (other than those forming part of ghee factories & oil
refining factories.)
Page 32 of 98
25. Oil Terminals/Depots handling flammable liquids having flash point of 32o C
and below.
26. Paints & Varnish Factories.
27. Printing Ink Manufacturing.

28. Saw Mills.
29. Sponge Iron Plants.
30. Surgical Cotton Manufacturers
31. Tank Farms storing flammable liquids having flash point of 32o C and below.
32. Tarpaulin & Canvas Proofing Factories.
33. Turpentine & Rosin Distilleries.
34. Tyre Retreading and Resoling Factories.

SUB-CATEGORY (B)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.3
Ammonia and Urea Synthesis Plants.
CNG Compressing and Bottling Plants

Explosive Factories.
LPG Bottling Plants (Other than Mini)

Petrochemical Plants.
Petroleum Refineries.
WATER SUPPLY -
7.3.1 Water for the hydrant services shall be stored in an easily accessible
surface/underground lined reservoir or above ground tanks of steel concrete or
masonry.
The effective capacity of the reservoir above the low water level
(defined hereunder), or above the top of the pump casing (in case of flooded
suction) if the same is higher than the low water level, for the various classes of
occupancies and size of hydrant installations shall be as indicated in the table 1.
NOTES
1. The low water level is a point atleast three times the diameter of the suction
pipe above the draw-off point. (See figs.4, 5 and 6)
2. Large natural reservoirs with water capacity exceeding 10 times the
aggregate water requirements of all Fire Pumps therefrorm may be left unlined.
7.3.2
Reservoirs of and over 2,25,000 litres capacity shall be in two interconnected

equal compartments to facilitates cleaning and repairs.
Page 33 of 98
7.3.3
The size of the firewater sump shall be such that the smaller side is at least
equivalent to six times the diameter of the largest suction pipe.
The suction
pipe (s) shall be located along the central longitudinal axis of the sump and the
positioning of the pipes shall be such that no pipe is within a distance of twice
its own diameter from another suction pipe or from the wall of the sump.
7.3.4
Where the Fire pump(s) draw water from the reservoir under suction lift
conditions the two compartments shall be connected to a common sump
through sluice or gate valves. The suction arrangement of the Fire pump (s)
shall be as indicated in rule 7.4.1.8, 7.4.1.9, 7.4.1.10 and 7.4.1.12 hereunder.
7.3.5
In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire water and general water
requirements the general water pumps shall draw their supply from a separate
sump which shall be connected only to the fire water sump, the interconnection
being so located that the effective quantity (as defined above) of water
available in the reservoir for fire water requirements below the level of the
interconnection is atleast equivalent to the quantities indicated in Table 1.
Incoming mains shall be connected to Fire water Compartments and only

overflow of fire water compartments should go to process.
Page 34 of 98
Where the reservoir provides positive suction for the fire pump(s) in terms of
7.3.6
the note under rules 7.4.1.11, tapping shall be taken from both the
compartments and shall be connected through sluice valves to a common

suction header. The pumps, in turn, shall draw their suction from the common
header through sluice valves. In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire
water and general water requirements, the tapping for the general water pumps
shall be taken at a higher level such that the capacity of the reservoir between
the low water level as defined heretofore (or the top of the fire pump casing in
case it is higher than the low water level) and the general water tapping is at
least equivalent to the requirements indicated in Table 1.
TABLE - 1
NATURE OF RISK
CAPACITY OF STATIC STORAGE EXCLUSIVELY

RESERVED FOR HYDRANT SERVICE.
1.
Light Hazard
Not less than 01 hours aggregate pumping capacity

with a minimum of 1,35,000 litres.
2.
Ordinary Hazard
Not less than 2 hours aggregate pumping capacity.
3.
High Hazard (A)
4.
High Hazard (B)
Not
less
than
pumping capacity
hours
aggregate
Not less than 4 hour's aggregate pumping capacity
NOTES
1.
The capacity of the reservoir for ordinary and high hazard class occupancies may
be reduced by the quantum of inflow [of one hour in case of ordinary hazard, 90
minutes in case of high hazard (A) and two hours in case of high hazard (B)
occupancies), from a reliable sources (other than town's main) having prior
approval of the committee, but in no case shall the reservoir capacity be less
than 70 % of that mentioned above.

2.
In case of light hazard class occupancies the minimum capacity of the reservoir
shall be increased to 2,25,000 litres if the highest floor of the building is more
than 15 m above the surrounding ground level.
Page 35 of 98
3.
A higher capacity of reservoir than that required as per Table 1 may be stipulated
by the Committee where considered necessary.
7.4
PUMPS:
7.4.1
GENERAL
7.4.1.1 Pumps shall be exclusively used for fire fighting purposes, be of a type approved
by the Committee, and shall be -
a) Quadruple acting reciprocating steam pumps Or
b) Electric Motor or Steam Turbine driven centrifugal pumps Or
c) Compression Ignition Engine driven centrifugal pumps Or
d) Vertical Turbine Submersible pumps.
7.4.1.2 Pumps shall be direct-coupled, except in the case of engine-driven Vertical

Turbine Pumps wherein gear drives conforming to approval standard of Factory
Mutual system or right angled gear drive class no. 1338 hall be used.
Belt-driven pumps shall not be accepted.
7.4.1.3 Parts of pumps like impeller, shaft sleeve, wearing ring etc. shall be of noncorrosive metal preferably of brass or bronze or stainless steel.
Where seawater is used or where the quality of water necessitates the use of
special metals/alloys, the use of such metals or alloys shall be insisted.
7.4.1.4 The capacity of the pump(s) would depend on whether or not tapping(s) for
water spray
and/or
foam protection for
tanks/spheres/bullets/plants/other
facilities is (are) taken from the hydrant service. In case there is no tapping from
the hydrant service, the capacity of the pump shall be as per rule 7.4.1.4.1
hereunder. However, where the water demand for water spray and/or foam
protection as per rules 7.4.1.4.2, 7.4.1.4.3, 7.4.1.4.4, 7.4.1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6
is in excess of that required for the hydrant system, the pumping capacity shall
be based on the higher water demand.
7.4.1.4.1 The capacity for hydrant service shall be determined by the class of occupancy
and size of installation as per Table 2 hereunder:
Page 36 of 98
TABLE - 2
Light
Hazard
DELIVERY
PRESSURE
AT PUMP
DISCHARG
E AT
RATED
CAPACITY
(KG/CM2)
1.
PUMP
CAPACITY
LPS/(M3/H
R)
NATURE OF
RISK
NUMBER OF HYDRANTS
Not exceeding 20
27 (96)
5.6*
ii)
Exceeding 20 but not

exceeding 55
38 (137)
iii)
Exceeding 55 but not

exceeding 100
47 (171)
Exceeding 100 **
47 (171) plus 47
(171) for every
add-itional
125
hydrants or part
thereof.
7/8.8
i)
iv)
NOTES
*1.
The pump delivery pressure will need to be 7 kg/cm2 if the highest floor of the
risk is at a height exceeding 15 m above the surrounding ground level.
**2. Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB 3 below rule
7.5.10. The total pumping capacity need not be greater than 190 (683)
irrespective of the number of hydrant points.
Ordinary
Hazard
DELIVERY
PRESSURE
AT PUMP
DISCHARG
E AT
RATED
CAPACITY
(KG/CM2)
2.
NUMBER OF HYDRANTS
PUMP
CAPACITY
LPS/(M3/H
R)
NATURE OF RISK
Not exceeding 20
38 (137)
ii)
Exceeding 20 but
not exceeding 55
47 (171)
iii)
Exceeding 55 but
not exceeding 100
76 (273)
76 (273) plus 76
(273) for every
add-itional 125
hydrants or part
thereof.
7/8.8
i)
iv)
Exceeding 100 **
Page 37 of 98
**N.B: Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB 3 of rule 7.5.10,
the total pumping capacity need not be greater than 302 (1092) irrespective of
the number of hydrant points.
High Hazard (B)
4.
High Hazard (A)
DELIVERY
PRESSURE
AT PUMP
DISCHARG
E AT
RATED
CAP- ACITY
3.
NUMBER OF HYDRANTS
PUMP
CAPACITY
LPS/(M3/H
R)
NATURE OF RISK
Not exceeding 20
47 (171)
ii)
Exceeding 20 but
not exceeding 55
76 (273)
7/8.8
iii)
Exceeding 55 but
not exceeding 100
114 (410)
7/8.8
114 (410) plus

114
(410)
for
every add-itional
125 hydrants or
part thereof.
7/8.8/10.5
i)
iv)
Exceeding 100
i)
Not exceeding 20
Two of 47 (171)
ii)
Exceeding 20 but
not exceeding 55
TWO of 76 (273)
7/8.8
iii)
Exceeding 55 but
not exceeding 100
TWO of 114 (410)
7/8.8
**Exceeding 100
TWO of 114 (410)

plus ONE of 114
(410) for every
add-itional
200
hydrants or part
thereof.
iv)
** This provision will apply only in cases where the hydrant service has been
hydraulically designed as per NB3 (b) under rule 7.5.10.
NOTES 1.
In case of High Hazard (B) risks where the aggregate pumping capacity required in
terms of the above Table or of rules 7.4.1.4.2, 7.4.1.4.4, 7.4.1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6
hereunder exceeds 1,640 m3/hr., larger capacity pumps are acceptable provided
Page 38 of 98
the capacity of the largest pump does not exceed 25 % of the aggregate installed
pumping capacity is disrupted when any pump is in-operative.
2.
In case of High Hazard occupancies, the pump delivery pressure shall be 7 Kg/cm2
if the highest floor of the risk is at a height exceeding 15 m above the surrounding
ground level.
3.
In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or other risks where double

headed hydrants are used throughout the risk so that the total number of
hydrants (counting a double headed hydrant as two hydrants) is about double
the number of hydrants required as per the general requirements of this

Manual, a double headed hydrant may be regarded as a single hydrant only.
7.4.1.4.2
Where storage tanks containing flammable liquids are protected by a medium

velocity water spray system tapped from the hydrant service, the water
requirements of the spray system shall be calculated for tanks located in a
common dyke which have the largest aggregate shell surface area at a rate of
10 litres /minute/m2 of tank shell surface area except where the system has
been designed to comply with the provisions contained in N.B 4 under rule
7.6.19 (mandatory protection) in which case the rate of flow can be reduced to
3 lpm/m2).
Even in the case of tanks located in separate dykes, the shell surface area of
all tanks located within a distance of 15 m (or the diameter of the larger tank if
the same is more than 15m) shall be aggregated and the water demand of
such cluster of tanks shall be calculated at the rate of flow indicated in the
foregoing paragraph.
The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be
loaded for supplementary hose stream protection as under
Where the largest tank in, in a dyke, has a diameter
i)
ii)
iii)
Upto 10 m
More than 10 m and upto 20 m

Over 20 m
Page 39 of 98
1,150 LPM
2,250 LPM
3,400 LPM
If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection for
storage tanks worked out as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant
service as per Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.
7.4.1.4.3
Where storage tanks are protected by a fixed foam system connected to the
hydrant service, water requirement for the foam system shall be equivalent to
that required by the largest protected tank at a rate of 5 litres/minute/m2 of
liquid surface area for fixed roof tanks and 12.2 lpm/m2 of rim seal in case of
floating roof tanks.
Other conditions regarding supplementary hose stream protection, pumping

capacity etc., would remain the same as for water spray protection.
7.4.1.4.4
Where spheres/bullets are protected by a medium velocity water spray system
tapped from pressurised hydrant service, water requirements of the spray

system shall be determined as under -
Taking into consideration the configuration of bullets/sphere, the one which

has the largest number of other bullets/spheres within R +15 M of the centre
thereof shall be selected. The water demand shall then be worked out at the
rate of 10 L/min/M2 of the aggregate shell surface area of the bullet/spheres
concerned and all bullets/spheres within R + 15 M of the centre thereof.
Water application may be reduced to 5 LPM/M2 where the bullets/Spheres
coated with approved passive materials providing fire resistance of at least 2

hours.
The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be
loaded for supplementary hose stream protection as under Water capacity of Bullets/
Spheres (m3)
Supplementary hose stream

protection (LPM)
Upto and including 50 m3
Above 50 m and upto 150 m

3
1,750
3
Above 150 m3
2,250
4,500
If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose steam protection for
spheres/bullets worked out as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant

service as per Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.
Page 40 of 98
Note: For design criteria of medium velocity water spray system reference shall
be made to committee's rules for water spray system.

7.4.1.4.5
Where the plants and other facilities are protected by medium velocity water
spray systems, tapped from hydrant service, water requirement of the spray
system shall be determined as per Committee's rules for water spray
systems. Water requirements of the spray systems worked out as above

shall then be loaded by 4,500 LPM for supplementary hose stream
protection.
If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection
worked out as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant service as per
Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.
7.4.1.4.6
Where transformers are protected by high velocity water spray system tapped
from hydrant system, water requirements of the spray system shall be
determined
as
per
Committee's
rules
for
water
spray
system.
Water
requirement of the spray system worked out as above shall then be loaded by
1,750 LPM for supplementary hose stream protection.
If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream protection
worked out as above exceeds the requirements of the hydrant service as per
Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.
7.4.1.4.7
Where plants and other facilities are protected by sprinkler system tapped from
the pressurised hydrant service, water requirement of the sprinkler system

shall be determined as per the Committees rules for sprinkler system.
If the total water requirement for sprinkler system exceeds the requirement of
the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to
the former.
7.4.1.5
Pumps shall be capable of furnishing not less than 150 % of rated capacity at a
head of not less than 65 % of the rated head. The shut-off head shall not
exceed 120 % of rated head in the case of horizontal pumps and 140 % in the
case of vertical turbine type pumps.
7.4.1.6
Each pump shall be provided with a plate giving, in the case of centrifugal
pumps, the delivery head, capacity and the number of revolutions per minute
and in the case of reciprocating pumps, the diameter of the steam cylinders
Page 41 of 98
and water plungers and the length of stroke as also the ratios of the effective
aggregate areas of the suction and the delivery valves to the area of the water
plungers.
7.4.1.7
In case of electrically driven pumps it is recommended that compression
ignition engine driven stationary pump of similar capacity be installed as a

standby and vice versa. However, where the hydrant service consists of more
than one pump, not more than half the total number (total number + 1 in case
of odd number) of pumps shall have prime movers of one type.
(The above provision is not applicable to systems commissioned before 1982).

Notwithstanding the above, if power to motorised fire pumps is obtained from
two sources, one of which is a captive generating plant located in a block either
6 m away from all surrounding buildings, where this is not feasible, segregated
from adjoining building in a manner indicated in rule 7.4.3.1 more than half the
total number of pumps may be of the electrically driven type.
7.4.1.8
Each fire service pump shall be provided with an independent suction pipe
without any sluice or cut-off valves therein, unless the pump is situated below
the level of the water supply in which case sluice or cut-off valves would be
essential.
Where the water supply has fibrous or equally objectionable matter in

suspension or mud and/or sand liable to cause accumulation in the installation,
suction pipe(s) shall be installed in a jack well fed through a culvert from the
main water supply. At the supply end of the culvert, a sluice or gate valve shall
be provided.
NOTE - The suction pipe shall be connected to the pump inlet through an
eccentric reducer to avoid air pockets.

7.4.1.9
The diameter of the suction pipe shall be such that the rate of flow of water
through it does not exceed 90 m. per minute when the pump is delivering at its
rated discharge. If, however, the pump is situated below the level of its water
supply, the diameter of the suction pipe/header shall be based upon a rate of
flow not exceeding 120 m. per minute.
7.4.1.10
Where the pump is to operate under suction lift conditions, the Net Positive
Suction Head (NPSH) available at site shall be 0.50 m in excess of the actual
Page 42 of 98
value required at 150 % of the duty point as per the manufacturers curve of
the pump.
NOTE For the purpose of the above, NPSH available at site shall be computed
by deducting the sum of the static lift (measured from the low water level,
defined in rule 7.3, upto the centre line of the pump) and friction loss in the
suction pipe and fittings from atmospheric pressure.
7.4.1.11
Fire Pumps in High Hazard (B) category occupancies shall be provided with
positive suction and automatic starting devices capable of sequential starting of
the pumps. The pumps shall be connected to audible alarm such as hooter or a
siren located in a prominent place outside the pump house. Where there is a
central fire station in the premises, additional alarm point shall also be provided
in the fire station.
The pumping arrangement shall also incorporate Jockey Pumps to take care of
system losses. The capacity of the Jockey Pumps shall neither be more than 5 %
of the installed pumping capacity nor less than 3 % thereof (with a minimum of
10.8 m3/hr.) unless the aggregate installed pumping capacity is in excess of 820
m3/hr, in which case the capacity of the Jockey Pump (s) shall be not less than
25 m3/hr plus 1 % of the installed pumping capacity in excess of 820 m3/hr.
Installation of Jockey Pumps also helps to prevent hydraulic surges.
7.4.1.12 In the case of Light, Ordinary and High Hazard (A) category occupancies, when
the pump is above the level of its water supply, there shall be a foot valve and a
`priming' arrangement, the latter consisting of a tank (having a capacity at least

three times that of the suction pipe from the pump to the foot valve subject to a
minimum of 1000 litres) connected to the delivery side of the pump by a metal
pipe having a minimum internal diameter of 100 mm with a stop valve and a non
return valve therein of the same size.
A reliable independent filling arrangement and a level indicator shall be provided
for the priming tank and, wherever feasible, a continuous overflow arrangement
shall be provided in order to ensure that the tank is always full. It is

recommended that for pumps taking suction from a stored water supply, a vortex
plate shall be installed at entrance to the suction pipe.
Wherever circumstances permit, the pumps shall preferably be fixed below the
level of the water supply (positive suction). If the pumps are automatic in action,
they shall necessarily be so fixed. However, if the priming arrangements are such
Page 43 of 98
as to ensure that the suction pipe shall be automatically maintained full of water
notwithstanding a serious leakage therefrom (the pump being automatically
brought into action to replenish the priming tank should the latter be drawn upon
at a greater rate than the rate at which it is fed from any other source), positive
suction may not be insisted. In such cases, the capacity of the priming tank need
not exceed 450 litres and the diameter of the priming pipe need not exceed 50
mm. Jockey Pump(s) of capacity indicated in rule 7.4.1.11 shall, nevertheless, be

provided in systems where the main pumps are automatic in action.
Where pump(s) are automatic in action they shall be connected to audible alarm
such as hooter or siren located in a prominent place outside the pump house.
Where there is a central fire station in the premises, additional alarm point shall
also be provided in the fire station.
NOTE - For the purpose of rules 7.4.1.8, 7.4.1.9, 7.4.1.11 and 7.4.1.12 a pump
shall be considered as having positive suction only if the quantity of water in the
reservoir above the low water level (see N.B. under rule 7.3) or the top of the
pump casing, whichever is higher is equivalent to the requirements of Table 1.
7.4.1.13 Each pump shall be provided with a non-return valve and a sluice valve on the
delivery side, the sluice valve being installed on the upstream side of the nonreturn valve. A pressure gauge shall also be provided between the pump and the
non-return valve. The size of the non-return valve and cut off (sluice) valve shall
not be less than the size of the initial delivery pipe and, in no case, less than the
delivery outlet of the pump. Further, as Butterfly Valves can create

turbulence adversely affecting the pump performance no Butterfly valve
shall be installed on the suction side.
7.4.1.14 When the premises are also protected by sprinkler installation having elevated
tank(s) as one of the main sources of water supply, and where the arrangement
for filling the tank(s) is taken from the hydrant service, the connection shall be
taken directly from the pump to the top of the tank (through a stop valve) and
not through the hydrant mains. (See fig. below)
Page 44 of 98
7.4.1.15 Pumps shall not be installed in open.
The pump rooms shall normally have
brick/concrete walls and non-combustible roof, with adequate lighting, ventilation

and drainage arrangements.
The pump room shall be so located as to be both easily accessible and where any
falling masonry and the like from other buildings occasioned by fire or other
cause, cannot damage the pump room. Normally, pump rooms shall be located 6
m away from all surrounding buildings and overhead structures. Where this is
not feasible the sides of the pump room falling within 6 m of the surrounding
buildings shall be blank masonry walls of 355 mm thickness and the roof of the
pump room shall be of RCC.
Likewise, when the pump room is attached to a
building a perfect party wall complying with the committee's regulations shall be
constructed between the pump room and the attached building, the roof of the
pump room shall be of RCC construction at least 100 mm thick and access to the
pump room shall be from the outside. In no case shall the pump from be sited
within a building occupied for any other purpose.
N.B. for High Hazard (B) occupancies, in addition to the above provisions, the
pump room shall be located 30 m clear of all equipment where flammable fluids
having flash point below 65o C are handled and/or stored and 15 m clear of
pipes/pipe racks (of other than water.). This provision shall, however, not apply
to systems commissioned before 1982.
7.4.2
STEAM DRIVEN PUMPS -
7.4.2.1 The capacity of steam driven pumps shall be based on the economical speed
recommended by the makers, and the pumps shall be provided with a suitable air
vessel, steam and water pressure gauges. The working parts of the water ends
shall be of non-corrosive metal.
Page 45 of 98
7.4.2.2 Pumps shall not be used for boiler feeding or any other purpose, except for filling
the elevated sprinkler tank(s).
7.4.2.3 There shall be at least two boilers connected to the pump, out of whom one shall
be under pressure at all times.
7.4.2.4 Steam at a pressure of 4.2 kg/cm2 or more if specified by the makers shall be
available at the pump at all times.
7.4.2.5 The ratio of the area of the steam cylinders to water cylinders shall not be less
than 2.5 to 1.
7.4.2.6 A relief valve of adequate size shall be fitted on the delivery side of the pump and
set at a pressure of not more than 1 kg/cm2 above the delivery pressure of the
pump, and if of weight and lever type, the weight, when set, shall be secured
and locked in that position.
7.4.2.7 The diameter of the suction pipe shall in no case be less than that of the pump
plungers.
7.4.2.8 The steam pipe to the pump shall not traverse ground not under the control of
the owner of the installation, nor a public roadway.
7.4.3
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN PUMPS -
7.4.3.1 The sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s)-supplying power to the fire pump(s)
shall be of incombustible construction and shall be located at least 6 m away
from all surrounding buildings. Where this is not feasible, all door and window
openings of the surrounding buildings within 6 m of the sub-station(s) and/or

D.G. house(s) shall be protected by single fireproof doors and 6 mm thick wired
glasses in steel framework respectively.
Like-wise, roof eaves, if any, of the
surrounding buildings falling within 6 m of the sub-station(s) and/or D.G.
house(s) shall be cut and wall raised as a parapet. The above provisions shall
also apply when the sub-station(s) and D.G. house(s) are within 6 m of each
other.
Where the sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) are attached to buildings, perfect
party walls complying with the Committee's regulations shall be constructed to
segregate the sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) from the attached buildings
Page 46 of 98
and where the attached building is storeyed, the roof of the sub-station(s) and/or
D.G. house(s) shall be of R.C.C. construction of at least 100 mm thickness.
Transformer cubicles inside these sub-stations shall be separated from H.T. and
L.T. cubicles and from each other by blank walls of bricks/stone/concrete blocks
of 355 mm thickness or of R.C.C of 200 mm with door openings, if any therein,
protected by single fireproof doors complying with the Committee's regulations.
The sub-station(s) and D.G. house(s) shall also be separated from each other as
above.
Transformers installed outdoors, which are supplying power to fire Pump(s), shall
also be located atleast 6 m away from all surrounding buildings (including sub-
station(s) and/or D.G. house(s). Where this is not feasible all door and window
openings of the building(s) [including sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s).]
within 6 m of the transformer shall be protected by single fireproof doors and

6mm thick wired glasses in steel framework respectively. Likewise, roof eaves of
the building(s) falling within 6 m of the transformer shall be cut and wall raised
as a parapet. Baffle walls of bricks/stone/concrete blocks of 355 mm thickness or
of R.C.C. of 200 mm thickness shall be constructed between two transformers

and these walls shall be extended horizontally 600 mm beyond the extremities of
the transformers and vertically 600 mm above the highest point of the
transformers.
NOTES
Where oil capacity of the individual transformer is larger than 5,000 litres
separating walls must be provided in between the transformers and a clear

distance as per the following table shall be maintained between the transformers
and the substation
Page 47 of 98
OIL CAPACITY OF INDIVIDUAL

TRANSFORMER
CLEAR SEPARATING
DISTANCE (m)
5,000 to 10,000 litres
8.0
Above 10,000 upto 20,000 litres
10.0
Over 30,000 litres
15
Above 20,000 upto 30,000 litres
1.
12.5
For High Hazard (B) occupancies, substation(s) supplying power to the fire
pump(s) shall, in addition to complying with the above provisions, be located 30

m clear of all equipment where flammable fluids having flash point below 65o C
are handled and/or stored.
7.4.3.2 Electric supply feeder (s) to sub-station(s) supplying power to fire pump shall as
far as possible, consist of armoured cables buried underground which shall not
pass under any building or permanent structures.
If the feeders are laid inside an underground cable duct/ gallery, they shall be
placed in a corner of the duct/gallery and shall be isolated from other cables in
the duct/gallery by means of fire bricks/sand packing/other suitable passive
protection of at least an hour fire rating.
Under extenuating circumstances, where it is not feasible to lay the feeders
underground, the Committee may permit overhead feeders provided they do not
fall within a horizontal distance of A)
B)
15 m of any process
flammable liquids. Or
buildings/plant
or
tanks
containing
6 m of any other building or tanks containing non-flammable

liquids or of storage in open.
NOTE: in case of high hazard (B) occupancies, all substations (except main
receiving station in the route of the electrical supply to the fire pump (s) which
receive power by overhead feeders shall be provided with two sets of feeders
which, apart from conforming with the above distance provisions, shall be run
along two different routes in such a way that failure of more than one route due
to a single mishap would be only a remote possibility.
Page 48 of 98
7.4.3.3
A direct feeder without any tappings shall be laid from the sub-station to the
pump house. The feeder shall consist of an armoured cable buried underground
and shall not pass under any building or permanent structure.
The cable run inside the substation from the breaker upto its point of burial or
entry into cable duct/gallery shall be provided with suitable passive protection of
at least an hour fire rating.
If the feeder is laid inside an underground cable duct/gallery, it shall be placed in
a corner of the duct/gallery and shall be isolated from other cables in the
duct/gallery by means of fire bricks/sand packing/other suitable passive

protection of at least an hour fire rating.
Under extenuating circumstances, where it is not feasible to lay the feeders
underground, the committee may permit overhead feeders provided they do not
fall within a horizontal distance of
A)
B)
15 m of any process buildings/plant or tanks containing flammable

liquids. Or
6 m of any other building or tanks containing non-flammable

liquids or of storage in open.
NOTE - In case of High Hazard `B' occupancies if the feeder to the fire pump (s)
is not buried underground, two sets of feeder shall be provided which shall
A)
B)
conform to the above distance provisions
Be run along two different routes in such a way that failure of more
than one route due to a single mishap would be only a remote
possibility.
7.4.3.4 Sufficient spare power shall always be available to drive pumping set(s) at all
times throughout the year.
7.4.3.5 The electric supply to the pumping set(s) shall be entirely independent of all
other equipment in the premises i.e. even when the power throughout the entire
premises is switched off, the supply to the pump shall continue to be available
un-interrupted. This can be achieved by taking the connection for the pump(s)
from the incoming side of the main L.T breaker. However, in cases where two or
Page 49 of 98
more transformers and/or sources of supply are connected to a common bus bar
the connection may be taken through the bus bars. (See figures below)
7.4.3.6 The fire pump circuit shall be protected at the origin by an automatic circuit
breaker so set as to permit the motor to be overloaded during an emergency to
the maximum limit permissible by the manufacturers. Further, the under voltage
release/`no volt coil of the circuit breaker shall be removed.
N.B - Where cable lengths are long enough to warrant back-up protection, the
Committee may insist on provision of such a protection.
7.4.3.7 It is recommended that telltale lamps, which would continuously glow when
power is available to the fire pump(s) circuit, be provided and fixed in a

prominent position, both in the substation and in the pump room.
7.4.3.8 Where there is more than one source of power for the operation of pumping
set(s) every electrical circuit shall preferably be so designed as to ensure that
when necessary, the set(s) will continue to operate without the manual operation
of an emergency switch.
7.4.3.9 The pumping set(s) shall be securely mounted on a robust bedplate, if of the
horizontal type, and shall be free from vibration at all variations of load.
7.4.3.10 The rating and design of motors and switchgears shall conform to the relevant
Indian Standards Specification. The motor shall be of continuous rating type and
its rating shall be at least equivalent to the horsepower required to drive the
pump at 150 % of its rated discharge. (See rule 7.4.1.5)
7.4.3.11 The motor shall be of totally enclosed type or drip proof type, the latter having
their air inlets and outlets protected with meshed wire panels to exclude rodents,
reptiles and insects.
Page 50 of 98
7.4.3.12 The motors shall be wound for Class B insulation preferably for Class E and the
windings shall be vacuum impregnated with heat and moisture resisting varnish
and preferably glass fibre insulated to withstand tropical conditions.
7.4.3.13 Motors wound for high tension supplies shall have a suitable fixed warming
resistance to maintain the motor windings in a dry condition at all times and
particularly under monsoon conditions. The resistance shall be connected to the
lighting or other equivalent circuit.
7.4.3.14 Heating apparatus shall also be provided, when necessary, for medium tension
motors where they are located below ground level, in order to maintain the
motor windings in a dry condition. Adequate drainage arrangements shall also be
provided in the pump house in such cases.
7.4.3.15 The incoming cable to the fire pump room shall terminate in an isolating switch
fuse unit incorporating HRC fuses and where necessary provided with a
distribution system.
7.4.3.16 The starting switchgear for the fire pumps shall be suitable for direct on line
starting but other alternative arrangements are subject to prior approval. It shall
also incorporate an ammeter with a clear indication of the motor full load current.
N.B. Remote controlled starting arrangements are subject to prior approval of
the Committee.
7.4.3.17 Cables for motors and switchgear shall be armoured or be enclosed in heavy
gauge screwed steel conduit according to conditions.
7.4.3.18 It is recommended that equipment throughout be painted fire red (Shade No.
536 as per IS: 5) and suitably marked for identification.
7.4.3.19 Necessary spare parts including a set of fuses (in a glass-fronted box) shall be
kept in readiness at all times in the pump house.
7.4.3.20 The wiring in all installations shall be done in accordance with the rules for
Electrical Installations 1998 issued by the Tariff Advisory Committee.
7.4.4
PETROL OR MOTOR SPIRIT ENGINE DRIVEN PUMPS: (ACCEPTED ONLY

WHERE INSTALLED PRIOR TO 1976):
Page 51 of 98
7.4.4.1 The pump room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, so as to prevent its
temperature from falling below 4.5 C at any time.
NOTES 1.
Low-pressure hot water, steam or hot air apparatus or electric radiators

only shall be used. If electric radiators are used, the Tariff Advisory
Committee shall approve the same.
2.
Vapour-proof incandescent electric lighting shall be used for the pump
3.
Switches in connection with electric lighting or heating shall be located
house. Naked lights are not permitted.
outside the pump room, but if this is not practicable, they shall be of
flame-proof
type
conforming
Specification (IS : 5571)
to
the
relevant
Indian
Standards
7.4.4.2 The engine shall be fitted with dual ignition (magneto and accumulator with coil
with separate sparking plugs to each), which shall be so arranged that the engine
may be worked on either ignition independently.
7.4.4.3 The magneto shall be of the high-tension type.
7.4.4.4 A voltmeter shall be provided and so arranged that the voltage of the
accumulator or battery can be ascertained at will.
7.4.4.5 Except in cases where an independent electric supply is readily available the
engine shall be fitted with and shall work a small low voltage dynamo, from
which the accumulator can be recharged when necessary while the engine is
running on the magneto.
7.4.4.6
The conductors from the magneto and accumulator to the sparking plugs shall be
7.4.4.7
The opening to the atmosphere from the induction pipe shall be fitted with a
7.4.4.8
The engine shall be governor controlled.
7.4.4.9
run in metal tubes to protect them against injury.

flame trap.
The following spare parts shall be kept readily to hand a)

b)
One complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,

Two high tension sparking plugs for each cylinder.
Page 52 of 98
c)
Two valves suitable for inlet or exhaust complete with springs, cotters and
d)
One complete filter for petrol pump feed with cork gasket
e)
f)
washers,
Two springs for each spring used in the engine,
One complete set of cylinder head and other gaskets.
7.4.4.10 The engine shall be so arranged that, if necessary, it may be readily and
immediately started by one person.
7.4.4.11 The petrol or motor spirit tank from which the engine is fed shall be fitted with a
gauge glass or suitable indicator (which shall be protected against mechanical

injury) showing the quantity of petrol or motor spirit contained therein.
The tank shall have a holding capacity sufficient to run the engine at full load for
about 24 hours.
All joints in the petrol piping shall be brazed.
7.4.4.12 There shall be kept on hand at all times sufficient petrol or motor spirit to run the
engine at full load for about 24 hours.
7.4.4.13 The reserve supply of petrol or motor spirit shall be stored in a safe position,
away from the pump house.
7.4.4.14 Petrol or motor spirit only shall be used. The use of other substance, such as
paraffin, shall not be allowed.
7.4.4.15 A written declaration shall be given by the insured that the following conditions
will be strictly complied with a)
The engine shall be tested twice a week for atleast 10 minutes each time.
b) The temperature of the pump room shall be maintained not less than
4.5oC (or 40o F) at all times.
c)
The minimum quantity of petrol or motor spirit required as stated in
7.4.4.12 shall be maintained in a safe position away from the pump

house.
d) Motor spirit only shall be used for driving the engine.

e)
Spare parts as required in 7.4.4.9 shall be kept readily to hand.
Page 53 of 98
7.4.5
COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE DRIVEN PUMPS
7.4.5.1 PUMP ROOM:
The Pump Room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, to maintain the
temperature of the room above 10o C. Adequate ventilation shall be provided for
the air required for aspiration and to limit the temperature rise in the room to
10o C above the ambient temperature when the engine is on full load.
7.4.5.2 ENGINE:
7.4.5.2.1 The Engine shall be a)
of the compression ignition
mechanical direct injection type, capable of
being started without the use of wicks, cartridges, heater plugs or ether, at
an engine room temperature of 7oC and shall
seconds from the receipt of the signal to start.

b)
accept full load within 15
Naturally aspirated, supercharged or turbo-charged and either air or watercooled.
In the case of charge air cooling by means of a belt-driven fan or of
a belt driven auxiliary water pump there shall be multiple belts such that
should half the belts break, the remaining belts would be capable of driving
the fan or pump.
c)
d)
e)
Capable of operating continuously on full load at the site elevation for a

period of six hours.
Provided with an adjustable governor to control the engine speed within 10%
of its rated speed under any condition of load upto the full load rating. The
governor shall be set to maintain rated pump speed at maximum pump load.
Provided with an in-built tachometer to indicate R.P.M. of the engine.
7.4.5.2.2 Any manual device fitted to the Engine that could prevent the engine starting
shall return automatically to the normal position.
7.4.5.2.3 Engines, after correction for altitude and ambient temperature, shall have bare
engine horsepower rating equivalent to the higher of the following two values
a)
20 % in excess of the maximum brake horsepower required to drive the

pump at its duty point.
b) The brake horsepower required driving the pump at 150 % of its rated
discharge.
Page 54 of 98
NOTE: In the case of engines guaranteed by the manufacturers as capable of
being overloaded by 10% at the rated speed for one hour in any period of 12
hours consecutive running, the value under (b) above may be considered as 10%
lower than the horse power required to drive the pump at 150 % of its rated
discharge.
7.4.5.2.4 The coupling between the engine and the pump shall allow each unit to be
removed without disturbing the other.
7.4.5.3 COOLING SYSTEM:
The following systems are acceptable -
a)
Cooling by water from the discharge of fire pump (taken off prior to the pump
discharge valve) direct into the engine cylinder jackets via a pressure
reducing device to limit the applied pressure to a safe value as pacified by the
engine manufacturer. The outlet connection from this system shall terminate
atleast 150 mm above the engine water outlet pipe and be directed into an
open tundish so that the discharge water is visible.
b)
a heat exchanger, the raw water being supplied from the fire pump discharge
(taken off prior to the pump discharge valve) via a pressure-reducing device,
if necessary, to limit the applied pressure to a safe value as specified by the
engine manufacturer. The raw water outlet connection shall be so designed

that the discharged water can be readily observed.
The water in the closed
circuit shall be circulated by means of an auxiliary pump driven from the
engine and the capacity of the closed circuit shall not be less than that
recommended by the engine manufacturer.
If the auxiliary pump is belt
driven there shall be a multiple belt so that should half the belts break, the
remaining belts shall be capable of driving the pump.
c)
a frame or engine mounted air cooled radiator with a multiple
fan
belt
driven from the engine. When half the belts are broken the remaining belts
shall be capable of driving the fan. The water in the closed circuit shall be
circulated by means of an auxiliary pump driven by the engine and the

capacity of the closed circuit shall be not less than that recommended by the
engine manufacturer.
d)
Direct air cooling of the engine by means of multiple belt driven fans. When
half the belts are broken the remaining belts shall be capable of driving the
fan.
Page 55 of 98
In case of systems described in (b) (c) & (d) above a failure
NOTE:
actuated audio-visual alarm shall be incorporated.
7.4.5.4 AIR FILTRATION:
The air intake shall be fitted with a filter of adequate size to prevent foreign
matter entering the engine.
7.4.5.5 EXHAUST SYSTEM:
The exhaust shall be fitted with a suitable silencer and the total backpressure
shall not exceed the engine maker's recommendation. When the exhaust system
rises above the engine, means shall be provided to prevent any condensate
flowing into the engine.
7.4.5.6 ENGINE SHUT-DOWN MECHANISM:
This shall be manually operated and return automatically to the starting position
after use.
7.4.5.7
FUEL SYSTEM:
7.4.5.7.1 FUEL:
The engine fuel oil shall be of quality and grade specified by engine makers.
There shall be kept on hand at all times sufficient fuel to run the engine on full
load for six hours, in addition to that in the engine fuel tank.
7.4.5.7.2 FUEL TANK:
The fuel tank shall be of welded steel constructed to relevant Indian or Foreign
Standard for Mild Steel Drums. The tank shall be mounted above the engine fuel
pump to give gravity feed unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer.
The tank shall be fitted with an indicator showing the level of the fuel in the tank.
The capacity of the tank shall be sufficient to allow the engine to run on full load
for
CLASS OF HAZARD
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
High Hazard (A)
High Hazard (B)
CAPACITY
2
4
6
8
Page 56 of 98
Hours
Hours
Hours
Hours
NOTE: where there is more than one compression ignition engine driven pump
set there shall be a separate fuel tank and fuel feed pipe for each engine.
7.4.5.7.3 FUEL FEED PIPES:
Any valve in the fuel feed pipe between the fuel tank and the engine shall be
placed adjacent to the tank and it shall be locked in the open position.
joints shall not be soldered and plastic tubing shall not be used.
Pipe
7.4.5.7.4 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT -
The following shall be provided a)
A sludge and sediment trap
c)
An inspection and cleaning hole.
b) A fuel level gauge
d) A filter between the fuel tank and fuel pump mounted in an accessible
position for cleaning.
e)
7.4.5.8
Means to enable the entire fuel system to be bled of air. Air relief cocks
are not allowed; screwed plugs are permitted.
STARTING MECHANISM:
Provision shall be made for two separate methods of engine starting viz.-
a)
Automatic starting by means of a battery powered electric starter motor
incorporating the axial displacement type of pinion, having automatic repeat

start facilities initiated by a fall in pressure in the water supply pipe to the
sprinkler and/or hydrant installation. The battery capacity shall be adequate

for ten consecutive starts without recharging with a cold engine under full
compression.
b)
Manual starting by i)
ii)
Crank
handle, if engine
Electric starter motor.
size permits Or
NOTE: The starter motor used for automatic starting may also be used for
manual starting provided there are separate batteries for manual starting.
7.4.5.9 BATTERY CHARGING:
The means of charging the batteries shall be by a 2-rate trickle charger with
manual selection of boost charge and the batteries shall be charged in position.
Page 57 of 98
Where separate batteries are provided for automatic and manual starting the
charging equipment shall be capable of trickle charging both the batteries
simultaneously. Equipment shall be provided to enable the state of charge of the

batteries to be determined.
7.4.5.10 TOOLS:
A standard kit of tools shall be provided with the engine and kept on hand at all
times.
7.4.5.11 SPARE PARTS:
The following spare parts shall be supplied with the engine and kept on hand a)
Two sets of fuel filters, elements and seals.
c)
Two sets of belts (where used)
e)
Two injector nozzles,
b) Two sets of lubricating oil filters, elements and seals.

d) One complete set of engine-joints, gaskets and hoses,
f)
One complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,
g) One inlet valve and one exhaust valve

7.4.5.12 ENGINE EXERCISING:
The test shall be for a period of at least five minutes each day. Where closed
circuit cooling systems are used the water level in the primary system shall be
checked at the time of carrying out each test and, if necessary, water shall be
added during the course of the test procedure.
7.4.5.13 A written declaration shall be given that the following conditions will be strictly
complied with a)
To test the engine at least once a week.
b) To maintain the temperature of the engine room at not less than 4.5 deg. C
at all times.
c)
To maintain the minimum quantity of fuel oil required as desired in these

clauses.
d) To use a good grade of fuel oil equivalent in quality to that specified by the
engine maker.
e)
7.5
To keep on hand the spare parts required as specified in 7.4.5.11.

MAINS:
Page 58 of 98
7.5.1
The hydrants mains shall normally be laid underground or in masonry culverts
with removable covers of incombustible construction and shall be of any one of

the following types a)
Cast Iron double flanged pipes conforming to the following standards TYPE OF PIPES
CLASS OF
PIPES
IS CODE
Horizontally Cast Iron Pipes
IS: 7181
Vertically Cast Iron Pipes
IS: 1537
Centrifugally Cast (Spun) Iron Pipes
IS: 1536
N.B. In case of vertically cast pipes, where the nominal diameter of the pipes
exceeds 300 mm or where the pump delivery pressure exceeds 7-kg/sq. cm2,
Class `B' pipes would be necessary.
b) Centrifugally Cast (Spun) Iron Class À Pipes with Tyton Joints (Rubber
gasketed)
c)
Wrought or mild steel pipes (galvanised or un-galvanised) of Medium grade

conforming to IS: 1239 or IS: 3589 having welded joints and coated and
wrapped as per IS: 10221.
(MS pipes may be allowed for extension of
existing systems which are laid with CI pipes with prior approval of the
Committee.) Haliday Testing for Wrapping and Coating is essential.
At least 10 % of all the welded joints shall be rediographically tested and half
of the joints radiographed shall be the field joints.
d) Un-plasticized PVC Class 4 pipes conforming to IS 4985 and HDPE pipes

conforming to IS: 4984.
N.B. These pipes are permitted for use in Light Hazard Occupancies for
underground mains only.
7.5.2
Underground CI Mains shall be laid such that the top of the pipe is not less
than one metre below the ground level and masonry or equivalent supports
shall be provided at regular intervals. As far as possible MS Steel pipes shall

also be laid 1m below ground level.
Page 59 of 98
NOTES
1)
Where applicable, Radiography Test Certificate and films for welded joints of
mild steel pipes and Haliday Test Certificate for coating and wrapping of
underground mild steel pipes shall be submitted before the final inspection.
Haliday Testing may preferably be carried by flexible and detachable ring

probe, which will enable the entire 360o of the surface of the pipe to be
scanned.
2)
7.5.3
In case of poor soil conditions, it may be necessary to provide continuous

masonry or equivalent supports.
Mains above ground shall be medium grade wrought or mild steel (galvanised or
un-galvanised) conforming to IS: 1239 or IS: 3589 with welded, threaded or
flanged joints, adequately supported at regular intervals on masonry or RCC
stools or pedestals and not on pipe racks.
The spacing of supports shall be 3.5 m for 80, 100 and 125 mm dia. pipes, 5m
for 150, 200 and 250 mm dia pipes and 7 m for above 250 mm dia pipes.
Pipes shall be run at least 6 m away from the face of the buildings and open
storage areas in case of Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies and 15 m. in
case of High Hazard Occupancies.
7.5.4
Mains shall not be laid under buildings. Where, however, circumstances
necessitate laying of mains under buildings, prior permission of the Committee
shall be obtained and the portion of mains falling under the buildings shall be laid
in masonry trenches with removable covers and cut-off valves shall be provided
at points of entry and exit.
As far as possible, mains shall not be laid under
large open storages, railroads and roads carrying heavy traffic.

7.5.5
The mains shall not traverse ground that is not under the control of the owner of
the installation nor under a public roadway. The Tariff Advisory Committee may,
at their discretion, relax this requirement in extenuating circumstances.
7.5.6
The system shall be capable of withstanding for two hours a pressure equivalent
to 150 % of the maximum working pressure. While hydro-testing inclusion of
cut-off valves in the mains to be tested should be avoided.
7.5.7
All boltholes in flanges shall be drilled. The drilling of each flange shall be in
accordance with the relevant Indian Standards.
Page 60 of 98
7.5.8
Flanges shall be faced and have jointing of rubber insertion or asbestos
7.5.9
Fittings installed underground shall be of cast iron `heavy' grade conforming to
compound.
IS: 1538 or BS: 1641 whereas those installed above ground shall normally be of
`Medium' grade wrought steel or mild steel conforming to IS: 1239 Part II or
malleable iron fittings conforming to IS: 1879, parts I to X.
7.5.10
Mains shall be laid in rings (excepting as specified to N.B 4 below) and their sizes
shall be as per Tables 3 & 3A but the size of the initial pipe shall not, in any case,
be less than the internal diameter of the delivery outlet of the pump.
TABLE 3
(FOR LIGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES)

SIZE
OF
MAINS
(MM)
NO. OF
HYDRA
NTS IN
THE
WHOLE
SYSTE
M
% AGE OF ALL MAINS

INCLUDING TERMINAL MAINS
AND RISERS *
1 to 20
100
100 %
21 to 55
125
110
45 %
55 %
56 to 100
125
100
60 %
40 %
Page 61 of 98
TABLE - 3 A
(FOR ORDINARY HAZARD OCCUPANCIES)

SIZE
OF
MAINS
(MM)
NO. OF
HYDRA
NTS IN
THE
WHOLE
SYSTE
M
% AGE OF ALL MAINS INCLUDING

TERMINAL MAINS AND RISERS *
01 to 05
100
100 %
06 to 20
125
100
40 %
60 %
21 to 55
150
125
100
20 %
35 %
45 %
56 to 100
150
125
100
25 %
40 %
35 %
Exceeding 100
See NB 3 (a) and 3 (b) hereunder
* 80 mm diameter terminal and/or riser mains shall be taken as 100 mm

diameter mains for this purpose.
NOTES 1)
In calculating the number of hydrants in the system, a double headed hydrant

shall be counted as two, a fixed monitor of 63 mm size having nozzle bore of 32
mm shall be counted as three, a fixed monitor of 75 mm size having nozzle bore
of 38 mm shall be counted as four and a fixed monitor of 100 mm size having

nozzle bore of 45 mm as six hydrant points.
In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or other risks, where double

headed hydrants are used throughout the system so that the total number of
hydrants (counting a double headed hydrant as two hydrants) is about double

the number of hydrants required as per the general requirements of this Manual,
a double headed hydrant may be regarded as a single hydrant only.
2)
For High Hazard occupancies, the hydrant system shall be hydraulically so

designed that when half the aggregate pumping capacity is being discharged at
the farthest/hydraulically most remote point and the other half in the most
Page 62 of 98
vulnerable area enroute, a minimum running pressure of 5.25 kg/sq. cm is
available at the former point and the rate of flow of water does not exceed 5
m/second anywhere in the system.
In case the hydraulically most remote point is the area determining the fire pump
capacity, the entire aggregate pumping capacity shall be considered as being
discharged at this point at a minimum running pressure of 5.25 kg/cm2 and the
hydrant system shall be so designed that the rate of flow of water does not
exceed 5 m/second anywhere in the system.
In case the hydraulically most remote point happens to be, pressure requirement
at this point can be restricted to 3.5 kg/cm2. However pressure available at the
high hazard area immediately preceding the ordinary/light hazard area must be
5.25 kg/sq. cm.
3)
For Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies having more than 55 points, either of
the following methods may be followed a)
The hydrant service be constituted of single or more than one interconnected hydrant systems, each with its individual pump set according to
Table 2 and water supplies equivalent to the aggregate requirements of the
number of pump sets installed.
b)
A single hydrant system may be installed provided, it is hydraulically
designed (where the highest hydrant is located more than 20 m above

ground level, pre calculated systems shall not be accepted) as per the
parameters indicated in N.B. 2 above, except that minimum running

pressure shall be 3.5 kg/sq. cm. Instead of 5.25 kg/sq. cm (minimum
diameter of the pipe used in the ring mains shall however not be less than
100 mm).
4)
In the case of riser mains in storeyed buildings and in locations where it is
not feasible to lay a ring main, a terminal main may be provided, but in no
case shall the number of hydrants on such terminal mains exceed 5.
A terminal main of 80 mm diameter shall not feed more than one hydrant,
that having a diameter of 100 mm shall not feed more than two hydrants,
that having a diameter of 125 mm shall not feed more than three hydrants
and a main of 150 mm shall not feed more than five hydrants.
Page 63 of 98
The Committee may, at their discretion, permit more than five hydrants on
riser mains of storeyed structures.
5)
In case of systems designed on the basis of pressure loss calculations, the

piping routes selected along with nodal point commemorating with the
pressure loss calculation sheets should be distinctly marked in the drawing.
7.5.11
Cut-off (Isolating) valves are necessary to obtain the best possible pressure at
the seat of fire as they enable a damaged portion of the installation to be isolated
whilst full pressure is available throughout the remainder.
These valves are
distributed according to the general layout of the installation and not according to
fixed rules. For this reason, the proposed position of these valves shall have the
prior approval of the Committee.
Cut-off valves shall conform to IS: 780, PN 1.0/IS: 2906, Class 2 or AP9600 in
case of Cast Steel Valves of class 150.
NOTES
1.
In case of system having working pressure in excess of 7 kg/cm2 PN- 1.6
rating would be necessary for valves conforming to IS: 780 and Class 3 for
those conforming to IS: 2906. Cast Steel valves of class 150 are, however,
acceptable irrespective of the working pressure of the system.
7.5.12
2.
Other types of valves like rising spindle valves may be used, subject to prior
3.
Butterfly valves also can be accepted subject to the condition that the valves
approval of the Committee.
of diameter exceeding 150 mm shall necessary be of gear operated.
All cut-off valves shall be of the right-hand type and enclosed in properly
constructed surface box, at least 1 m2 so as to allow for broken joints being
easily remade. The top of the surface box shall be 80 mm above ground level,
except where it is locate on a road.
Valve wheels shall have an arrowhead
engraved or cast thereon showing direction for turning òpen' and `close'.
7.5.13
It is recommended that the position of the surface box be indicated by an iron

plate painted `fire red' with distinct lettering.
Such plates shall also show the
òpen' and `close' direction as cast or indicated on the valves and the serial no.
of the sluice valve also should be indicated.
Page 64 of 98
7.5.14
In case of installations in earthquake prone zones, some form of flexible
7.6
HYDRANTS/FIXED MONITORS:
7.6.1
couplings approved by the Committee shall be used for jointing purposes.
Water shall be available immediately to all hydrants/fixed monitors at all times,
with all cut-off valves being kept open. Before final inspection the hydrant
system shall be flushed thoroughly.
7.6.2
Connections for any purpose other than fire fighting are not permitted from the
7.6.3
Except where impracticable, all hydrant outlets shall be situated 1 m. above
7.6.4
The stand posts shall be 80 mm in diameter for single headed hydrants. 100 mm
hydrant/fixed monitor/stand post or from any portion of the hydrant service.

ground level.
for double-headed hydrants and monitors of 63 mm or 75 mm size and 150 mm
for monitor of 100 mm size. It is recommended that stand posts be painted `fire
red' (shade No.536 as per IS:5) and numbered for easy identification.
7.6.5
Permission to install hydrants below ground level will be given in very special
cases only.
Where such permission has been given, the hydrants shall be
properly enclosed in a surface box of cast iron or masonry 750 mm square and
80 mm above ground level, the top of he hydrant outlet being not more than 80
mm below the top of the box.
7.6.6
Only oblique hydrants conforming to IS: 5290 of Type A with outlets angled
towards ground shall be used.
The hydrant couplings shall be of gun
metal/stainless steel of the instantaneous spring-lock (female) type of 63 mm

diameter and valves shall be of the screw down type.
Branch pipe/nozzle of monitor shall be of gun metal/ stainless steel.
N.B - Orifice plates of suitable design may be provided for hydrants where the
pressure exceeds 7 kg. /cm2.

7.6.7
Double-headed hydrant shall consist of two separate landing valves.
7.6.8
Hydrants shall be easily accessible, storage of any kind on or around the hydrant
control valve will not be permitted.
A single
being prohibited. Where hydrants are situated in remote locations, they shall be
approachable by means of paved pathways.
Page 65 of 98
7.6.9
Hydrants located in situations where they are likely to be damaged by vehicular
7.6.10
Hydrants shall be located bearing in mind the attendant fire hazards at the
traffic shall be suitably protected on all sides against possible damage.
different sections of the premises to be protected and so as to give most effective
service. They shall be so distributed as to provide protection for the buildings on

all sides and need not necessarily be equidistant from each other.
Advantage shall be taken of convenient door and/or window openings to place

hydrants so that only a minimum length of hose is required to reach the openings
through which fire may be attacked. In case of continuous blank walls, suitable
provision shall be made on the walls near hydrant posts for easy access inside
the premises.
7.6.11
At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 60 m of external wall
measurement in case of Light Hazard Occupancy, for every 45 m in case of
Ordinary Hazard Occupancy and every 30 m of external wall measurement or

perimeter of unit battery limit in case of High Hazard Occupancy.
Measurements
shall
be
calculated
on
the
total
length
of
walls
of
all
buildings/perimeter of all battery limits to be protected except in the case of
opposite buildings (other than those of High Hazard category) within 22.5 m of
each other, where the measurement of the shorter opposing wall may be
omitted.
Further, all hydrants and monitors should be serially numbered.

NOTE:
Notwithstanding
the
above,
hydrants
protecting
utilities
miscellaneous buildings in High hazard risks may be spaced at 45 m.

7.6.12
and
No building shall be deemed to be protected by a hydrant unless such hydrant is
within 15 m of the building. Where any part of a building is normally used for
storage purpose or where hazardous processes are carried out, there shall be two
single or one double headed hydrant within 15 m of the building, the layout being
such that two jets of water can be played simultaneously on the highest point of
the roof.
In case of Buildings/Plants occupied for High Hazard process or storages, the

above-specified distance may be increased to 22.5 m.
Page 66 of 98
In case of buildings having roofs other than RCC, it is advisable to provide

hydrants at the roof level along with access staircases in order to fight the fire by
breaking open the roofs, if necessary.
7.6.13
Hydrant heads shall be positioned at distances not less than 2 m from the face of
the building or edge of the storage plot to be protected except in the case of high
hazard occupancies wherein the hydrant heads shall be located not less than 7.5
m from the face of the building, edge of the storage plot or from the plant
battery limits.
7.6.14
In case where, owing to the size or layout of the building, or building being
divided by internal walls, any point within the building is at a distance of more
than 45 m from an external fire hydrant, an internal hydrant system shall be
provided so that no portion of the floor is more than 45 m from an external

hydrant or 30 m from an internal hydrant.
In case of large switchyards, where it is not feasible to lay internal hydrants,

alternate hydrants may be replaced by monitors of suitable size.
N.B: Distance of 45 m indicated above shall be increased to 60 m for light hazard

occupancies and reduced to 30 m for high hazard occupancies.
7.6.15
In case of storeyed buildings, satisfactory access shall be provided to all parts of
each floor by means of incombustible internal or external staircases. Normally, a
minimum of two such staircases will be needed per compartment, but in case the
area of the compartment exceeds 2,000 sq. m., an additional staircase shall be
provided for every additional 1,500 sq. m. or part thereof. On the other hand, if
a compartment has a floor area of less than 500 sq. m., one access staircase
shall be acceptable.
The access staircases shall be so located that, as far as
possible, no part of each floor is more than 30 m from the nearest staircase.
Where it is not possible to locate the staircase in the aforesaid manner, the
Committee may suggest alternative methods for protection of such large upper
floors. External access staircases shall be open to sky.
The staircases shall conform to the following -
7.6.15.1 Internal staircases shall be so located that atleast one of its enclosing walls is an
external wall of the building. A door opening shall be provided in this external
wall at ground floor level. The enclosing walls shall be of brick work atleast 230
mm thick or reinforced concrete atleast 100 mm thick carried through and atleast
Page 67 of 98
450 mm above the roof of the building, unless the roof is of jack arch or
reinforced concrete construction in which case the walls need be carried upto the
roof only. Every opening from the staircase to any portion of the building or to a
roof used as a floor shall be fitted with a single fireproof door.
N.B: The above rule will not apply to buildings, the upper floors of which are
occupied by offices, air washer plants, rest rooms, cloak rooms, canteen and the
like.
7.6.15.2 External staircases without side covering need not have openings at each floor
level protected by single fireproof doors.
However, if external staircases are
enclosed, they shall be considered equivalent to internal staircases.
NOTE: There shall be no equipment within 2 m of the staircases and/or its

landings.
7.6.15.3 Staircases shall be not less than 750 mm clear width with treads not less than
and risers not more than 200 mm and under not circumstances shall the
staircase have an inclination of more than 60 degrees to the horizontal.
NOTE: Iron rung ladders or spiral staircases shall not be acceptable.
7.6.15.4 In the case of enclosed staircases, all windows therein falling within 3 m of any
other openings in the building shall normally be protected by wired glass in steel
framework in accordance with the Committee's regulations. Conversely, in the
case of open-sided staircases, window and door openings of the building falling
within 3 m of the staircase shall normally be protected by wired glass in steel
framework and single fireproof door respectively in accordance with the

Committee's regulations.
NOTE: The latter part of this rule shall not apply to buildings, which are
essentially open sided.
7.6.15.5 Exits to the access staircases shall always be kept open during working hours.
During non-working hours, the exits may be locked from the staircase side only.
Locks of all exits shall have one master key, which shall be available either at the
main gate, or any other prominent and easily accessible location known to the
fire fighting personnel. Alternatively, the key shall be kept in a glass-fronted box
or in the hose box on the staircase landing.
Page 68 of 98
7.6.15.6 A hydrant shall be provided on every floor landing which shall not be less than
1.5 m x 1 m. The mains feeding the landing hydrants shall be provided with a
cut-off valve at ground level (also see N.B.4 under rule 7.5.10 and rule 7.7.3.3)
7.6.16
Specific requirements for provisions of monitors in plant areas -
7.6.16.1 Tall columns, structure, towers and equipment where it may not be possible to
provide access staircases with hydrants on landing thereof as per rule 7.6.15, will
be considered as protected by hydrants at ground level, provided they are less

than 15 m in height.
When the height exceeds 15 m, the concerned hydrants
shall be replaced by monitors.
7.6.16.2 Alternate hydrants for protection of loading unloading bays, rail/truck gantries
shall be replaced by water/foam monitors.
7.6.17
PROTECTION OF BASEMENTS:
7.6.17.1 Staircases/ramps shall provide access to all parts of the basement directly from
the outside of the building at ground level.
The number and location of the
staircases/ramps shall be such that no part of the basement is more than 45

metres from the nearest staircase/ramp.
7.6.17.2 It is recommended that the staircase/ramp be provided with emergency lighting

facilities. Where maintenance of illumination depends upon changing from one
energy source to another, there shall be no appreciable interruption of
illumination during changeover. Where emergency lighting is provided by means
of electric generator, a delay of not more than 10 seconds shall be permitted for
changeover.
Emergency lighting facilities shall be arranged to maintain proper illumination for

a period of one-and-a-half hours in the event of lighting failures.
The Emergency lighting system shall be so arranged as to provide sufficient

illumination automatically in the event of any interruption of normal lighting.
7.6.17.3 One landing valve shall be provided for each staircase/ramp at each basement
level in addition to the provision of a hydrant at the ground level.
7.6.17.4 Proper drainage facility shall be provided to drain the fire-fighting water out of
the basement.
7.6.18
Storage of material in the open shall be protected as under -
Page 69 of 98
Metals,
Metallic
goods,
Machinery and other nonhazardous storage
One single hydrant for every 60 m of storage

periphery located beyond 2 m but within 15
m of storage area.
Coal or Coke
One single hydrant for every 45 m of storage

periphery located beyond 2 m but within 15
m of storage area.
Other storages
One double hydrant for every 45 m of the

storage periphery located beyond 2 m, but
within 22.5 m of storage area.
NOTES 1.
In the case of open storage areas of following materials, at least 50 % of
hydrant shall be replaced by fixed monitors having nozzle bore of 38 mm
diameter if the individual stack height is more than 6 m and total storage
exceeds 5,000 tonnes -
BAMBOO, BAGASSE, GRASS/HAY AND TIMBER
2.
Where hydrants/monitors located along one longer side of a storage area

are more than 90 m from those along the other longer side, reference shall
be made to the committee.
7.6.19
Hydrants for the protection of combustible/flammable liquid storage tanks shall

be located beyond 15 m, but within 35 m of tank shell as specified below -
DIAMETER OF TANK
NO. OF HYDRANTS
Tanks upto 10 m dia.
One double headed or two single headed

hydrants.
Tanks above 10 m but upto 20

m dia.
Two double headed or four single headed

hydrants.
Tanks above 20 m dia.
Three double headed or six single headed

hydrants.
Page 70 of 98
NOTES 1.
In case tanks are located more than 22.5 m from the dyke walls, one double
hydrant or two single hydrants shall be replaced by a 38 mm monitor. (Every
alternate monitor should be a foam monitor and a minimum of one such foam
monitor should be provided)
2.
For the tanks located more than 45 m from the dyke walls, in addition to the
monitor(s), the tanks shall be protected by Fixed Foam/Medium Velocity Water
Spray System (Manual/Automatic) complying with the Committee's rules.
3.
Hydrants/Monitors shall not be installed within dyked enclosures nor can the
4.
Floating roof storage tanks and floating-cum-fixed storage tanks exceeding 30m
hydrant main pass through it.
in diameter and fixed roof storage tanks containing products having flash point
below 32o C shall be considered as hydrant protected only if, supplementary
medium velocity water spray system or fixed/semi fixed foam system (either
automatic or manually operated) conforming to regulations is also provided.
In case of foam system, there shall be additional protection by water spray

system in the form of a ring along the top edge of the vertical face of the tank.
Other than dispensing with additional rings, the supplementary water spray
protection shall comply with Committees regulations.
5.
6.
7.
Insulated tanks shall also be provided with M.V. Water Spray Protection.
No water spray protection is required for ammonia spheres/tanks.
Cryogenic storage tanks and double walled tanks shall be treated on par with the
insulated tanks.
However, metallic roof of the double walled tanks (RCC or
otherwise) will need to be protected with M.V. Water Spray System (mandatory)
at a rate of 3 lpm/m2 for the roof portion only.
8.
Adequate provision shall be made to promptly and effectively dispose off all
liquids from the fire areas during operation of fire protection systems in such
areas.
7.6.20
For protection of spheres/bullets, hydrants/monitors shall be located beyond 15

m but within 35 m of the shell of the spheres/bullets. The number of
hydrants/monitors shall be governed by the water capacity of the bullets/spheres

as specified hereunder -
Page 71 of 98
WATER CAPACITY
NO. OF HYDRANTS
Upto 50 m3
Three single hydrants (or one single + Two

double headed hydrants)
Above 50 m3 but upto 150 m3
One monitor + two single (or one double

headed hydrants)
Above 150 m3
Two monitors + four single hydrants (or two

double headed hydrants)
NOTES
Supplementary protection of bullets/spheres by medium velocity water spray
1.
system (either automatic or manually operated) conforming to regulations is

mandatory.
2.
Hydrant/monitor shall not be installed within dyked/-fenced enclosures nor can
7.7
HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES -
hydrant mains pass through such enclosures.
In the case of yard hydrants, hose pipes and nozzles shall be installed either in
7.7.1
central hose stations which shall be of the type illustrated in figure no. 12 (which
enables the condition and quantity of hose, nozzles, etc. to be checked over at a
glance and ensures that other useful equipment is ready at hand in the event of
a fire) or near each hydrant in glass fronted hose boxes of suitable design.
N.B. Locations and number of hose stations will depend upon several factors
such as fire loads, accessibility and positions of watch posts. Prior approval of the
Committee shall, therefore, be obtained regarding locations of the hose stations
before they are constructed.
7.7.2
In case of hydrants on upper floors or internal hydrants, hosepipes and

nozzles shall necessarily be installed near each hydrant in glass fronted hose
boxes
7.7.3
of suitable design.
REQUIREMENTS OF HOSE PIPES:
7.7.3.1 If hose is kept in central hose stations, for each of the first ten hydrants in the
compound of the premises (a double headed hydrant counting as two except

where they are provided as a standard practice throughout the system), two
Page 72 of 98
lengths of hose 15 m each and an additional 15 m length for each hydrant in

excess of ten, shall be provided.
NOTE: In case of system having more than 55 hydrant outlets, the total number
of hose lengths required may be limited to 55 plus 20 percent of the number of
hydrant outlets in excess of 55.
Where a fire engine is maintained on the
premises manned by a whole time fire brigade, the number of hose, pipes
required (including those on the engine) would be 55 plus 10 percent of the
number of outlets in excess of 55.
7.7.3.2 If hose is kept in hose boxes alongside hydrants, each box shall contain two
lengths of 15 m each.
7.7.3.3 For use with each hydrant on staircase landing or with each internal hydrant, two
lengths of hose 7.5 m shall be provided. In case of basement hydrants, two
lengths of hose 15 m shall be provided.
7.7.3.4 All hoses shall be of 63 mm diameter of either of the following types i)

ii)
iii)
Unlined flax canvas complying with Indian Standard IS: 4927.
Rubber lined woven-jacketed complying with Type A (Reinforced Rubber

lined) of Indian Standards IS: 636.
Controlled Percolation type complying with Indian Standards IS: 8423.
7.7.3.5 Ordinary rubber lined woven-jacketed hose complying with the specification of
Type B of Indian Standards IS: 636 may be permitted to be used in lieu of the
above upto a maximum of 50 % of the total hose requirements of the hydrant

system.
7.7.3.6 All couplings shall be of the instantaneous spring-lock type and the nozzles shall
be of not less than 16 mm in diameter, nor more than 25 mm in diameter except

in case of high hazard occupancies where the maximum nozzle diameter may be
32 mm subject to the approval of the Committee.
All couplings, branch pipes
and nozzles shall be of gunmetal or stainless steel and shall otherwise comply
with IS: 903, 1984.
7.7.3.7 Hose shall be attached to the coupling (other than of ferrule type) in the
following manner -
Each half of the coupling shall have two 5 mm diameter holes drilled in the tail.
The hose shall be first fixed to the tail of the coupling with copper rivets then
Page 73 of 98
served or bound with 1.5 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire for a length of
50 mm which will extend to the outer ends of the grooving on the coupling tail
over the galvanised mild steel or copper wire a leather or equally protective band
shall be bound with four strands of 1.12 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire
at each end of the band. The protective band shall be carried beyond the tail of
the coupling to prevent leaking.
Copper wire, if used, shall be softened before being used.
Couplings attached to the hose otherwise than by copper rivets shall not be
accepted, as they are apt to become dislodged under pressure.
7.7.3.8 Spare hose to the extent of 10 percent of the above requirements, with a
minimum quantity of 30 m shall be always kept readily available.
hose shall also be in 15-m lengths, readily attached to couplings.
Such spare
NOTE: In calculating the number of lengths of hose required under the above
scale, any fraction of a number shall be counted as one.
7.7.3.9 It is recommended that a system of marking and numbering hose be arranged so

that the various lengths are easily recognisable.
7.7.3.10 In central hose stations and hose boxes a tin containing a set of spare rubber
rings packed in french chalk shall be kept.
7.7.3.11 Central hose stations and hose boxes shall be so arranged that hose is not
exposed to the sunrays.
7.7.3.12 All central hose stations or hose boxes, when provided with locks shall have one
master key which shall be available either at the main gate or any other
prominent and easily accessible location known to the fire fighting personnel.
7.7.4 REQUIREMENTS OF NOZZLES:
7.7.4.1 The number of nozzles to be provided shall be equivalent to half the number of
hose pipes installed on the premises.
7.7.4.2 In locations where a jet of water directed from a normal type nozzle is likely to
cause more harm than good or where a gentle spray of water is essential for the
extinguishment of a fire, a fog type or a spray type of nozzle complying with IS:
2871 shall be used.
Page 74 of 98
7.7.4.3 Spare nozzles to the extent of 10 % of the above requirements, with a minimum
of two, shall always be kept readily available.
7.8
FOAM COMPOUND:
Foam systems shall conform to NFPA 11 and 11A, 16A and/or relevant BIS
specifications-IS: 12835 or LPC rules for Foam Systems. The stock of foam
compound to be maintained shall be equivalent to at least two times the
requirement of the tank needing maximum quantity of foam. Foam Compound

shall be chemically neutral (PH 6.5 to 7.5)
7.9
7.9.1
FIRE FIGHTING PERSONNEL:
As the efficiency of a hydrant service and/or of internal appliances depends upon
the manner and speed with which they are brought into use and the ability with
which the effort is directed, a squad consisting of watch and ward personnel, fire
pump men and departmental supervisors and/or operatives trained in the
operation of the fire service shall be maintained on the premises round the clock.
The number of personnel constituting the squad shall necessarily depend upon
the size of the risk, but in no case shall be less than eight trained persons be
available at any time during the day or night.
Minimum number of trained
persons required may be further reduced to six in case of automatic pressurised

hydrant systems.
7.9.2
Squad leaders shall preferably be recognised government institution trained and
7.9.3
Squad personnel shall be provided with clothing and equipment including
7.9.4
A muster roll showing the duties allocated to each member of the brigade shall
their usefulness would be considerably enhanced if they reside on the premises.

helmets, belts and boots, preferably gumboots.
be prepared and copies supplied to each squad leader as well as pasted in
convenient places throughout the premises, so as to be quickly available for

reference in case of emergency.
7.9.5
Practice drills shall take place weekly and it is a condition of the approval by the
Committee to the discount for hydrant service that wet drills shall be carried out
at intervals of not more than a fort-night and that the entire squad on duty shall
turn out during the visits of the committees Inspectors.
Page 75 of 98
7.9.6
During wet drills, hydrants (including those of upper

nozzles, shall
floors), hose pipes
and
be taken into use in rotation so that the efficacy of these
appliances would be automatically checked and any defects observed, set right.
7.9.7
A register shall be kept as per Appendix V showing details of all practices and
defects, if any, reported in the installation.
examination by the Committees Inspectorate.

7.9.8
This register shall be open to
The services of the pump man (see 7.10.1.1.1) could be profitably utilised for the
maintenance of all fire fighting appliances (including hand appliances - See

4.1.5.1.1). He shall also be thoroughly conversant with the locations of all
appliances, particularly of hydrant cut-off valves so that in an eventuality he

would be of assistance to the
factorys fire brigade or the Towns fire
brigade.
7.9.9
Keys of all doors in the factory premises shall always be available at the main
7.9.10
It is recommended that fire pump room(s) and the main gate(s) of all factory
gate.
premises be connected to all manufacturing sections through the internal

telephone system. Telephones interlinked to this system may
also be
put up in proper cubicles at convenient locations near godown ranges and other
strategic points. This would effect saving of valuable time in an emergency to

alert the fire fighting personnel and the
7.10
MAINTENANCE:
7.10.1
PUMPS:
pump man.
7.10.1.1 GENERAL:
7.10.1.1.1 A trained pump man (see 7.9.8) shall be available on all shifts and at all hours
of the day and night to operate the pumps as and when required.
7.10.1.1.2 Pump sets shall be run for atleast five minutes every day.
7.10.1.1.3 The level of water in the priming tank shall be checked daily to ensure that the
foot valve of the pump is not leaking.
7.10.1.1.4 All pump glands shall be maintained in efficient working condition and the
packing renewed as required to maintain efficiency.
Page 76 of 98
7.10.1.1.5 Suction and delivery valves shall be examined once every six months,
particularly where sand or other objectionable matter is liable to be drawn

through the pump suction.
7.10.1.1.6 All working parts shall be kept clean and lightly oiled as cleanliness greatly adds
to efficiency.
immediately.
7.10.1.2
Any necessary repairs shall be put in hand and carried out
STEAM PUMPS:
7.10.1.2.1 The steam cylinders of pumps shall always be kept warm and efficient draining
arrangements provided.
7.10.1.2.2 A minimum of two sets of piston and bucket rings shall be provided.
7.10.1.2.3 Small parts such as snifting valves, cushioning valves and petcocks shall have
special attention because faults in these valves cause the pump to knock badly
and lose efficiency.
7.10.1.3
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN PUMPS:
7.10.1.3.1 The bearing grease cup shall be checked once every week and refilled with
fresh grease, if necessary.
7.10.1.3.2 Starter contacts shall be cleaned once every week.
7.10.1.3.3 Insulation resistance of pump motor circuit shall be examined once every six
months and record of results shall be maintained.
7.10.2 MAINS:
7.10.2.1 Hydrant mains shall be tested once a fortnight with a pump delivering at its
maximum pressure, with all hydrant valves closed and, thereafter, a running test
with two or more hose lines each 30 m long operating shall be carried out. This
checks the efficiency of the pump as well as the tightness of the hydrant mains
(See Rule 7.9 also).
7.10.2.2 All cut-off valves shall be operated and oiled, if necessary, once a month.
7.10.2.3 Cut-off valves shall be thoroughly overhauled annually to remove sludge and
other foreign matter collected in the valve seating.
Page 77 of 98
7.10.3
HYDRANTS:
7.10.3.1 All hydrants shall be examined systematically once a week to ensure that valves
and spring catches are maintained in good condition and all brass parts polished.
7.10.3.2 Spare washers shall be kept for hydrant valve seats.
7.10.3.3 It is recommended that the painting of standpoints be carried out annually.

7.10.4
HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES:
7.10.4.1 All hose boxes/hose stations shall be inspected externally once every week to
ensure that the equipment installed therein is intact. Further, the hose
boxes/hose stations shall be cleaned internally and externally once a month.
7.10.4.2 When the hose gets worn out at the tail end of the coupling(s), it is permissible
to cut the end(s) of the hose.
However should the lengths of the hose after
cutting(s) fall below 90 percent of its original, i.e. 15 m or 7.5 m the hose shall
be discarded.
7.10.4.3 A Hose Register shall be kept showing the history of each length. Information
such as date purchased, date brought into use, date cut (if reduced in length), is
useful and a column shall be provided for remarks by the Committees Inspectors
to whose inspection the Hose Register shall be open.
7.10.4.4 Any hose becoming inefficient through use, neglect or from any other cause,
shall be discarded.
7.10.4.5 Fire protection hose shall not be used for purposes other than fire protection and
drill. All concerns are advised to keep a supply of cheap hose for watering paths,
washing out or filling boilers, etc.
Such hose shall not be mixed with fire
protection hose but kept in an entirely separate place.
7.10.4.6 It is recommended that hose couplings and branch pipes be polished once a
fortnight.
7.11
Considerable diversity of practice has been noticed in the attention paid to the
drying and storing of hose and the following suggestions
shall
be carried out:
in
this
connection
After use, hose to be thoroughly washed in clean water and then thoroughly
dried. A rack or some similar contrivance atleast 10 m high to be provided so

that, after cleaning, hose may be suspended to drain and dry evenly.
Page 78 of 98
This is to be done in the shade and not in the sunshine so that the hose is evenly
dried inside and out.
Care to be exercised that it is not removed until it is
thoroughly dry in all places. The hose to be then thoroughly brushed with a hard
bristle or wire brush, and re-rolled, care being taken to choose a dry and clean
place whereon to roll it; and replace in the boxes or hose stations.
Care to be taken after washing that the hose does not touch the ground, where it
might be soiled.
Hose to be rolled up evenly and carefully, the female or spring coupling end
being in the centre. In this manner the spring clips, when grasped one in each
hand, form a `reel and the hose can be quickly run out in the event of fire. OR
ALTERNATIVELY
The hose to be doubled in the centre of its length and rolled up evenly from the
fold. Both the Male and Female couplings will then be on the outside of the roll.
This permits the nozzle being attached to the hose while being stored in
readiness for use, and the hose runs out without twisting.
7.11
MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHERE THE INSTALLATION IS FOR ANY

REASON TEMPORARILY INOPERATIVE:
7.11.1
Where the installation is expected to remain inoperative for a period exceeding
7.11.2
If any component of the hydrant system is to be replaced for any reason
24 hours, prior sanction shall be obtained from the Committee.
whatsoever, the entire system shall not be rendered inoperative but the
particular section only shall be isolated by closing the necessary cut-off valves.
If, however, it is not possible to complete the replacement before nightfall, the
cut-off valves shall not be left closed overnight. Instead, blank flanges shall be
provided at the point where the component has been removed so that the entire
system,
other
than
the
component,
remain operative through the night.
which
has
been
removed,
would
7.11.3
Only one compartment of the reservoir shall be emptied out at a time of cleaning
7.11.4
If the foot valve of the suction line is removed for cleaning/repairs, it shall, as far
or repair work.
as practicable, be replaced
before nightfall.
Page 79 of 98
7.11.5
If the pump is expected to be inoperative for more than 72 hours, every effort
shall be made to connect the service water supply to the hydrant system for the
duration the pump is inoperative.
7.11.6
If the hydrant service is to be extended, the extended portion shall be first laid
and, thereafter, the connection between the existing system and the extension
shall be carried out expeditiously, so that the entire system is not left inoperative
overnight.
7.12
SPECIAL DISPENSATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL GENERATING STATIONS,

THERMAL/GAS BASED POWER PANTS.
7.12.1
WATER SUPPLY:
i)
The fore bay supplying water to the thermal power station fed by canals from
perennial water sources like rivers, rivulets, dams etc. may be accepted as
firewater reservoir provided the availability of 2 hours pumping capacity is

ensured.
ii) The cooling water pond (s) may also be accepted as firewater reservoir
provided the availability of 2 hours pumping capacity is ensured.
NOTE: Cooling water basins shall not be acceptable as equivalent to cooling

water ponds.
7.12.2
PUMPS:
The pump duties shall be generally selected as per Table 2 under Rule
No.7.4.1.4.1 of FP Manual. However, where situation warrants, higher capacity
pumps not exceeding 410 m3/hr and 88 m head may be acceptable. In order to
achieve the minimum pressure of 3.5 Kg./cm2 at higher elevation, booster
pump(s) with a capacity of 137 m3/Hr., having requisite rated head may be
acceptable.
NOTES
1.
The booster pump shall be regarded as a pressure-compensating device
2.
A higher capacity booster pump may be stipulated by the Committee
only.
where considered necessary.
Page 80 of 98
3.
Booster pump shall be located at ground level only.
Electrically driven
booster pump(s) shall in addition to the normal supply be connected to

the emergency power supply also.
7.12.3
ABOVE GROUND HYDRANT MAINS:
In case of practical difficulties in maintaining the stipulated distance from the
face of the building in case of above ground over head mains, warranted under
demanding circumstances in specific areas, for example between Boiler House
and TG Building and between Transformer and T.G. Building, the same may be
permitted provided the mains installed in such areas form part of sub-ring only.
7.12.4
STAIRCASES FOR STOREVED TG HALL/BOILER HOUSE/MILL BAY:
The staircase shall be distributed as far as possible along four sides of the
building.
The number of staircases shall be such that no part of such floor is
more than 45 m from the nearest staircase.
At least 50 % of the number of staircases thus arrived at shall conform to Rules

7.6.15.1, 7.6.15.2 and 7.6.15.3.
The remaining staircases shall be preferably
located along the periphery of the building, but need not necessarily be
separated as per regulations.
7.12.5
RULE 7.7.3.3 REQUIREMENT OF HOSE PIPES IN T.G.HALL/BOILLER

HOUSE/MILL BAY:
For use with each hydrant on staircase landing two lengths of hoses 15 m each
and a nozzle with attached branch pipe shall be provided in hose box alongside
each landing valve.
8.
HYDRANT PROTECTION OF COTTON GIN & PRESS FACTORIES
8.1
RESERVOIR:
The construction and location of the reservoir shall be as indicated in rule 7.3.
The effective capacity (above the level of the foot valve seat) shall be equivalent
to 2 hours installed pumping capacity.
8.2
8.2.1
PUMPS:
Pumps shall be direct-coupled. However, existing belt-driven pumps may be

accepted at the discretion of the Committee.
Page 81 of 98
8.2.2
The Pumps shall be capable of delivering not less than 19 LPS at a head of 70 m.
Where, however, the number of hydrants in the system exceeds 55; the pump
capacity shall be not less than 38 litres/second.
8.2.3
The pump shall be so located as to be both easily accessible and where any
falling masonry and the like from other buildings, occasioned by fire or other
cause, cannot damage the pump room.
The pump room shall be located 6 m
away from all surrounding buildings, overhead structures and storages in the
open.
8.2.4
8.2.5
Rules 7.4.1.6, 7.4.18, 7.4.1.9 and 7.4.1.12 shall be complied with.

Electric supply to the fire pump shall comply with rule 7.4.3.
NOTE: In case of steam-driven pump, adequate steam supply to drive the pump
at its duty shall be constantly maintained during the whole of the working
season.
8.3
MAINS:
8.3.1
Mains shall be of Cast Iron, galvanised iron or mild steel and be laid
8.3.2
The mains shall be laid in loops around the Gin & Press houses.
8.3.3
underground.
All loops and feeder mains shall be of 100 mm bore but branch mains may be of
80 mm bore.
- The Committee may insist on larger sized mains where deemed necessary.
8.4
8.4.1
8.4.2
HYDRANTS:
Rules 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.6, 7.6.7, and 7.6.8 shall be complied with.
Location of the hydrants shall be as under -
8.4.2.1 There shall be a minimum of three hydrants within 3 m of Gin house and of Press
house.
8.4.2.2 There shall be minimum of two hydrants within 15 m of Godown or sheds used
for storing cotton or Kappas.
8.4.2.3 For open storage, hydrants shall be distributed in such a way that any portion of
the storage is protected by atleast two hydrants at a distance not exceeding 35
m.
Page 82 of 98
N.B. If the compounds are only partially used for storage of cotton and/or
kappas, the owner shall declare the area he proposes for storage for determining
the fire protection thereof.
In this case, the portion reserved for storage shall be demarcated by a wired
fencing and a plan thereof shall be lodged with the Committee.
8.5
HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES:
One 63 mm diameter hosepipe of 15 m length and one nozzle of 20 mm diameter
with its attached branch pipe shall be provided in a suitable hose box alongside
each hydrant.
8.6
FIRE-FIGHTING STAFF:
A minimum of six trained personnel shall be available at all times.
Apart from
the above, three night watchmen shall also be available on the premises.
9.
MUTUAL AID SCHEME
SCOPE: (Meant for plants other than petrochemical plants, petroleum Refineries
and LPG Bottling Plants).
9.1
MEMBERSHIP
Membership should be of two or more industrial plants, warehouses and public

utilities.
9.2
GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE:
The coverage shall be as follows a)

b)
c)
Not exceeding 16 kM. for Light Hazard risks
Not exceeding 12 kM for Ordinary hazard risks

Not exceeding 10 kM for High hazard (A) risks
If the concerned risks are of different categories, least of the distances must be
considered.
N.B. Add 4 km to actual distances for each of the Railway Crossing encountered.
Page 83 of 98
9.3
9.3.1
SECRETARIAT AND COMMUNICATION.
There shall be a full time permanent Secretary having a back ground in fire
fighting relevant to the types of industries included in the scheme with a

permanent office and necessary staff.
9.3.2
The
member
industries
9.3.3
Direct Telephone/Radio Communication/wired alarm/siren system be provided
communication system.
should mutually
subject to prior approval of the Committee.
evolve
an
effective
liaison and
Call procedures be laid down and
frequent trials with such systems would be necessary.

9.4
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS FIRE FIGHTING REQUIREMENTS
9.4.1
A hydrant system supplemented by First Aid Appliances
9.4.2
Stock of foam compound as per the provisions of Rule 7.8 of F P Manual if the
with the FP Manual.
installed in conformity
occupancy of the risk warrants use of foam and will comply with the requirements
of NFPA-11, 1998.
9.4.3
Not less than 8 trained persons must be available in any shift out of which 4 shall
9.4.4
Fire Explosion accidents must be fully investigated by the member units and their
be full-time fire fighting personnel.
findings which might be fruitful and effective in preventing a recurrence should be

made available to other members, which would benefit all plants without
interfering with anyone plants autonomy.
9.5
ADDITIONAL CAPACITY FOR MUTUAL USE:
In the event of outbreak of fire, the members of mutual laid scheme should be
able to supplement in the shortest possible time, the resources of the affected
plant, to the extent given below 9.5.1
Mobile fire fighting capacity by a motor fire engine of 400 gpm capacity at 7
9.5.2
In case the occupancy of any one of the signatories to the scheme warrants the
kg/cm2.
application of foam compound shall be provided to the extent of 25 % of the

requirements of such plant.
Page 84 of 98
N.B. In case, the occupancy of more than one risk warrants, the use of foam, the
stock to be maintained shall be 25 % of the requirement of the risk needing

larger stock of foam.
9.6
9.6.1
OTHER REQUIREMENTS:
Fire explosion safety of the plant and extensions should preferably be checked
every six months, but at least annually using an audit system and utilising check
lists where appropriate.
9.6.2
Practice drills should be arranged once in three months (each time in different
units) to familiarise those concerned with the actions expected of them, and at
the same time testing the equipment available in each unit.
9.6.3
Deployment of personnel to an affected plant from other members of the scheme
9.7
INTERCHANGEABILITY OF EQUIPMENT
9.7.1
should not be subject to any constraints arising out of staff problems.
To the extent possible, individual plants should follow such standard in the
purchase of equipment to have free Interchangeability.
Where this is not
practical, suitable adapter pieces must be kept in readiness for hooking of uninterchangeable equipment.
9.7.2
Each risk should maintain a sensible policy and not strip itself of equipment,
which it might need in the case of trouble in its own property which may be
simultaneous with a disaster elsewhere.
+++++++++++ +
Page 85 of 98
The Secretary,
Tariff Adv. Committee
New Delhi
APPENDIX I
Dear Sir,
APPLICATION FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING

APPLIANCES (S) DISCOUNT
(Risk)
Please sanction, as from date of receipt by you of this application, a Discount of.%
for
the
following Extinguishing Appliances :-
Applying to Buildings -
(The occupation floor wise and block Nos. of each building must be clearly stated).
I/We enclose plan of the risk with all details marked thereon.
I/We certify that to the best of my/our knowledge and belief the appliances referred to
have been installed in strict accordance with the rules of the Committee and I/We also
certify that the Plan submitted is drawn up in accordance with the Committee's Rules
and is correct and up-to-date.
I/We also certify that a copy of the Plan exact in every detail, is available for the
Committee's Inspector's use at the Mill (or premises above referred to).
I/We enclose full particulars of the appliances available together with letter of Guarantee
signed by the Assured.
I am (We are),
Yours faithfully
_____________________________________________________________
For use of the Committee only.
Date received:
Date inspected:
Inspector's comments:
Discount sanctioned:
Date of Minutes
Reference Number:
Inspector
Page 86 of 98
APPENDIX II
The Secretary,
Regional office
Dear Sir,
GUARANTEE REGARDING FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPLIANCES
In consideration of your Committee granting a Discount for the Fire Extinguishing

Appliances
detailed
on
attached/signed
form
which
we
the.............................. situated at . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .
have
installed
in
I/We hereby engage ourselves --
1. To maintain and upkeep the said appliances in efficient working order and where
such appliances and Committees Rules require the upkeep of a trained Fire Brigade,
to maintain such Brigade to its full numbers in an efficient state.
2. To advise the Committee and first obtain permission should at any time it be
necessary to close down supply to pumps or in any way render the appliances out of
operation for repairs, overhaul, etc.
3. Not to extend, alter or demolish protected Buildings or to erect new Buildings in the
compound of the premises without supplying the Committee with a revised plan or
revising the plan filed with the Committee.
4. To keep at the above-described premises a copy, exact in every detail, of the plan
supplied to your Committee, same to be available to the Committee's Inspector

during his visits of inspection.
5. Not
to
re-number
(or
re-letter) Buildings, Compartments, etc., as recorded on
the plan filed with the Committee without advising the Committee of such revision.
I am (We are),
Yours faithfully,
Note: All communications to the Committee must be through the Leading Office on the
risk.
The Space for the use of the Committee only,
Date from which sanctioned

Reference Number
Remarks
Minutes of
Page 87 of 98
APPENDIX III
DETAILS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS APPLIANCES
(Name of Risk)
AVAILABLE AT _____________________________
DETAILS OF BUCKETS, EXTINGUISEHRS AND HAND APPLIANCES
Deptt.
Area
(sq.m)
Extinguishers/Hand Pumps
Number
of Buckets
Number
Type
Cap.
Manufacturer's
Name
SMALL BORE HOSE REELS -
1. Name of manufacturer
2. Material Diameter and Length

3. Diameter of Nozzle
4. Source of Supply - State whether a non stop supply is available

Dept.
Size
(Length x
Breadth)
Number of
Reels
Page 88 of 98
Maximum distance of any

point of the room from
nearest hose reel.
WATER SUPPLY (IES) A. Underground Reservoir 1. Capacity in litres.
2. Whether lined or not

3. Division if any and interconnections between them
4. Capacities (in litres) of connected tanks
otherwise)
(elevated or
a)
b)
c) .
d) Net effective capacity available for fire pumps
5. Sources of inflow to the underground reservoir whether

lakes, rivers, wells, town's mains etc.
6. Aggregate inflow in litres per minute (with nipple position of
inflow, overflow and normal water level.
7. In case of inflow from town's mains, indicate size of inflow

pipe and size of meter, and also state whether the supply is
continuous of intermittent.
B. Elevated Sprinkler Tank(s).

1.
Number of tanks.
2.
Capacities in litres and height in metre of base from

ground level
3.
Height in metre of highest Sprinklered building.
Page 89 of 98
C. Pressure Tank(s)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Location of tank.
Capacity in litres
Quantity of water contained in litres.

Air Pressure.
PUMP (S).
A. Hydrant Pump(s) (Full Nameplate details)
1.
2.
3.
Type(s)
Make(s) and year(s) of manufacture.

General Specifications:
a) Capacity (Lit. /Min.)

b) Pressure
(Kg/cm2).
gauge,
reading
at
delivery
stops
value
c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes

4.
Details of steam pump(s) if applicable -
a) Diameter of steam and water cylinders and length of
stroke.
b) No. of strokes per minute.
c) Diameter of steam pipe and pressure available at pump
end
d) No. of steam boilers in the battery and working pressure
e) Size of water relief valve on pump delivery and pressure
at which it is set.
5.
Details of electrically driven pump(s) if applicable a) Diameter of pump impeller.
b) Material of which the impeller is made.

c) Speed in RPM
d) H.P. and Voltage of driving motor, type of enclosure and
class of winding insulation, Motor full load current.
Page 90 of 98
e) Details of electric supply i)
ii)
6.
Plan showing locations of

pump house and
transformer sub-station and table for control logic of
pumps.
Circuit diagram of electric supply to the fire
pump(s) with incoming cable, automatic circuit
breaker, starting switchgear, position of voltage
release coil etc.
Details of Petrol, Motor spirit or Compression-ignition Engine

Driven Pump(s) if applicable a) Diameter of pump impeller
b) Material of which the impeller is made
c) Speed and Horse Power of the engine driving pump(s)

d) Method of starting the engine.
e) Quantity in litres of fuel contained in the tank and that
stored in the premises.
f)
B.
Location and details of batteries, battery charger and

diesel engine control panel.
SPRINKLER PUMP (S)

1.
2.
3.
Type(s)
Make(s) and year(s) of manufacture

General Specifications:
a) Capacity (Lit./min.)
b) Pressure gauge reading at delivery stop valve (Kg.cm ).

2
c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes.

4.
Details of steam pump(s), if applicable -
a) Diameter of steam and water cylinders and length of
stroke.
b) No. of strokes per minute.
c) Diameter of steam pipe and pressure available at pump
end.
d) No.
of steam boilers in the battery and working

pressure.
Page 91 of 98
e) Size of water relief valve on pump delivery and pressure
at which it is set
5.
Details of electrically driven pump(s), if applicable a) Diameter of pump impeller
b) Material of which the impeller is made.

c) Speed in R.P.M.
d) H.P. and Voltage of driving motor, type of enclosure and
class of winding insulation.
e) Details of electric supply i)

ii)
6.
Plan showing locations of direct feeder, pump

house and transformer sub-station.
Circuit diagram of electric supply to the fire
pump(s) with incoming cable, ACB and automatic
starting mode.
Details of Petrol, Motor Spirit or Compression Ignition

Engine Driven Pump(s), if applicable a) Diameter of pump impeller.
b) Material of which the impeller is made
c) Speed and House Power of the engine driving pump(s).

d) Method of starting the engine.
e) Quantity in litres of fuel contained in the tank and that
stored in the
7.
8.
premises.
Make and type of automatic regulator.
What is the pressure at the level of the highest sprinkler

when the 50mm. waste valve is fully open?
HYDRANT MAINS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Type of underground and/or overhead mains with method of

jointing.
Internal diameter of ring main.
Internal diameter of terminal mains.
To what pressure have the pipes been tested
HYDRANTS
1.
Type and Make.
Page 92 of 98
2.
3.
4.
5.
No. of single-headed hydrants
No. of double-headed hydrants.

No. of upper floor hydrants.
Type and diameter of stand pipes a) Single headed.
b) Double headed.
6.
Are all the coupling inter-changeable?
HOSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Material and Diameter.
Manufacturer's Name and Guarantee for bursting pressure.

No. of lengths of 15 m and 7.5 m respectively.
At what pressure the hose has been
Where is hose kept?
No. of branch pipes and nozzles and
tested by the insured.
their diameters.
SPRINKLER INSTALLATION
1.
2.
3.
No. of installation valves and departments served by each

valve.
Total load on each installation valve.
Type, make and fusing temperature of the sprinkler heads

used.
FIRE FIGHTING PERSONNEL

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Is the pump man always on duty?
Minimum number of trained personnel available at any time for

fire fighting purposes.
Are any means employed to ensure night watchman going

around the risk at regular intervals?
Is there a muster-book for fire drills?
How is fire alarm given to fire fighting
personnel?
TESTING OF APPLIANCES
1.
How often are the following tested and/or examined -
Page 93 of 98
a) Sprinkler tank and backpressure Valves.
b) Sprinkler and/or hydrant pumps and their accessories.

c)
Sprinkler installation valves.
d) Hydrant installation and valves.

1.
Is a record of all tests and defects found maintained?
LOCAL FIRE BRIGADE

1.
2.
3.
How far is the nearest city fire brigade?
How can a communication be sent to city fire brigade?

Are the city fire brigade officers familiar with the risk?
Dated .....20.
Signature..........
(Form to be signed by the Owner of the Premises).

APPENDIX - IV
CERTIFICATE FROM INSURER'S ENGINEER
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
I hereby confirm that I have verified the portable Fire Extinguishing
installed at the above risk and found them to be in
also confirm that the distribution is generally
requirements, and
Appliances
accordance with the enclosed list. I
in accordance
with the Committee's
that the appliances are well maintained and are being periodically
hydro tested as per IS: 2190.
Yours faithfully,
Page 94 of 98
APPENDIX - V
Sr. No. ______________
FIRE DRILLS REGISTER
Date : ___________
Signatur
e of
Works
Manager
Signatur
e of Fire
Marshall
Remarks
/
Defects
observe
d if any
Duration
of
Operatio
n of
Pumps
Serial
Nos. of
Hydrant
s
Operate
d
Type of
Drill Dry
or Wet
Name and designation of persons attending the drills

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
NOTE Squad personnel shall be provided with clothing and equipment including
helmets confirming to IS: 2745 or IS: 2925, belts and boots preferably gun boots.
Page 95 of 98
APPENDIX - VI
TABLE SHOWING PRESSURES OF WATER IN
Kg/cm2 FOR EVERY METRE IN
HEIGHT UPTO 60 m
Height in
metres
Pressure in
Kg./cm2
Height in meters
Pressure in
Kg./cm2
0.1
15
1.5
0.3
25
2.5
0.5
35
3.5
0.7
45
4.5
2
4
6
0.2
20
0.4
30
0.6
40
2.0
3.0
4.0
0.8
50
5.0
10
1.0
60
6.0
0.9
55
5.5
NOTE: - In applying this table the height of the Highest Sprinkler above the Pressure
Gauge must be ascertained and the pressure to be allowed for such height will be
obtained by reference to the table. For example, if the gauge records a pressure of 4.25
Kg./cm2, and the highest sprinkler is 28 m above the gauge, there will be a pressure of,
say, 1.45 Kg./cm2 on the highest sprinkler.
Page 96 of 98
Internal Guidelines :
For the sake of uniform interpretation of rules and practices the following will b included
in the Internal Guidelines which will be prepared separately.
1) Rules 7.4.1.11 & 7.4.1.12 :
Pumps are not permitted normally to have partly positive (flooded) suction and partly
negative suction. But under special circumstances such arrangement may be permitted
with prior approval of the Committee, in case of combined process and fire water
reservoirs and exclusive fire water reservoirs where at least 80% of water level would
enable positive suction and remaining 20% negative suction. In all such cases priming
tank also shall be provided.
2) Rule 7.2 - Classification of Occupancies :
Piers, Wharfs and Jetties - to be classified normally under ordinary hazard category
unless Category III of list of hazardous materials are handled.
3) Rule 7.4.1.4.1 Table 2 : Ordinary Hazard :
In case of new systems where the number of hydrants is expected to be between 100
and 150; and where further extension of the system beyond 150 hydrants is not
anticipated, a single pump of 410 m3/hr capacity at 7/8.8 Kgs./cm2 may be permitted.
Likewise in case of old installations where the system is extended
beyond 100 hydrants but not exceeding 150 hydrants; and where further extension
beyond 150 hydrants is not anticipated, an additional pump of 171 M3/hr. at 7
Kgs./Cm2 may be permitted.
4) Rule 7.4.1.4.2 :
Where spray system/sprinkler system is provided for the protection of equipment/plant

the water demand of such a system should be worked out and compared to the water
demand of tanks of 10 M, 20 M and beyond 20 M dia.
and he supplementary hose
stream protection indicated for the equivalent tank diameter shall be provided.
5) Taking underground pipes in Hume Pipes at road crossings
It is recommended to provide semi-circular hume pipes for cast iron pipes at road
crossings. No such protection is required for underground MS pipes at road crossings.
Page 97 of 98
6) Item 5 : Hydrant Protection for Cryogenic

Storage Tanks and Double Walled Storage Tanks:
The M.V. Water Spray Protection (mandatory) for he roof of the cryogenic storage tanks
and double walled storage tanks at a rate of 3 LPM/M2 will entitle the risk only to
hydrant discount. If additional discount for spray system is also required, then density
shall be 10 LPM/M2.
7)
Mild steel stand post may be accepted even in cases where
underground mains are of Cast iron.
8) In cases where requirements of low water level cannot be complied with orifice plate
can be installed at entrance of the suction pipe.
9) Note 2 below rule 7.3 applies to lined reservoirs also.

10) NB2 below rule 7.6.18
Where hydrant/monitors located along one longer side of a storage area are
more than 90 m from those along the other longer side, monitors having jets of longer
reach may be accepted.
Page 98 of 98

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Fire Protection Manual

APPLICATION FOR DISCOUNTS

FIRE ENGINES AND TRAILER PUMPS

HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

FIRE HYDRANT SERVICE

HYDRANT PROTECTION OF COTTON GIN & PRESS FACTORIES

MUTUAL AID SCHEME

Fire Protection Manual

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

The third, fourth and fifth

of water and other

The maintenance of fire extinguishing appliances in an efficient state and familiarisation

Fire Protection Manual

system which is considered the backbone of the entire fire-fighting operations as it

Fire Protection Manual

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

Compass and shall be dated.

shall be given of the existing installations in correlation to the extension, to

The locations and

details of fire access staircases together with the arrangements of hydrants

Material: Plans shall be on White paper or Ammonia paper or Ferro Prussiate

Fire Protection Manual

Iron or other non-masonry walls to be shown by a thin line and

nature of Construction indicated.

1.5.3 Perfect Party Walls (PPW) to be indicated by the sign

T at each end of the

Double Fireproof Doors and/or Shutters DFD

In case of multipurpose elevated tanks, the capacity reserved for

sprinkler installation to be indicated instead of the total capacity.

1.5.6 Sky lights to be marked Sky Lights or " SL".

1.5.7 Boiler to be shown by a rectangular figure marked Boiler.

pipes being marked alongside and specials and reducers to be clearly

mm. LENGTH OF -M. EACH

marked SH. Double Hydrant to be indicated by double circles and marked

Fire Protection Manual

1.5.11 Cut-off valves to be marked/drawn across the mains.

1.5.13 Pump(s) suction piping to be shown dotted and diameter indicated.

Sprinklered blocks to be marked S

Fire Protection Manual

2. PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN THE CASE OF APPLICATION FOR

The sanction of discounts off insurance premiums shall necessarily follow

Proposals for the installation of appliances shall be submitted to the Regional

2.1.1 Material specifications

indicating the name of manufacturers, Standards/Specifications and name of

details of single headed and double headed hydrants, internal hydrants,

should be a table showing the percentage of various pipe diameters used

monitors specifying diameter of nozzle, riser mains and landing valve of

Fire Protection Manual

the locations, fire escape hydrants (FEH) and staircases, sectional

landing valve of FEH should be submitted, preferably along with, civil

particulars of fire proof shutters of fireproof door and nearest machinery,

Details of water storage tanks giving particular of compartmentation and

jack-well, details of inflow and particulars of tapings for other purposes, if

Sub-station location in relation to other blocks if the pump is electrically

driven. If the substation is attached to any other building, the details of

Plans of Sub-Station showing thickness of internal walls and equipment

Route of cable from Sub-Station to fire pump house.

Legend explaining the various symbols used shown should be given.

Fire Protection Manual

of installation by the Committee's Inspectorate, and found in order. Further, site

engineer of the Installing Contractor should maintain progress record with

The prior submission of proposals to the Committee before the work is

commenced, is essential, to ensure that the installation will conform to the