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1 Introduction
Biomass, as a source of renewable energy which has
sustainable and mitigating global warming
characteristics is getting greater attention. The
thermochemical gasification is one of the effective
methods for obtaining energy from biomass [1].
Gasification of solid biomass converts it to gas
often referred to as producer gas or syngas which is
mainly composed of CO, CO2, CH4, H2 and N2 (if
the gasification agent is air). The useful gas or
combustible gas components are CO, CH4 and H2
[2].Stoichiometric combustion occurs when all the
carbon in the fuel is converted to CO2 and there is
no excess O2 left over. The basis of gasification is to
supply less oxidant than would be required for
stoichiometric combustion of a solid fuel. The
energy value of the useful gas is typically 75% of
the chemical heating value of the original solid fuel.
The syngas temperature will be substantially higher
than the original solid fuel due to the gasification
process [3].
The excess air ratio is one of the most important
operational variables in biomass gasification with
air. In practice, it defines the temperatures of the
bed and of the freeboard, the tar yield, and the
composition and calorific value of the fuel gas [4].
Wang [1] observed that an increase of the
gasification air ratio from 0.16 to 0.26 led to
increases of the higher heating value and of the
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2 Experimental procedure
The biomass materials used in this experiment were
briquettes made from agricultural residues
(Table 1). The agent gasification used was air. All
experiments were carried out at ambient temperature
and at a pressure of 1 bar.
Table 1: Fuel properties
Fuel
sample
Reed
briquettes
Sawdust
briquettes
5.91
6.28
Sawdust
50%+
corn stalk
50%
briquettes
Sawdust
50%+
wheat
straw 50%
briquettes
49.41
50.63
5.90
6.12
0.65
1.91
0.43
0.53
33.55
35.75
40.73
38.08
7.85
2.77
3.54
4.64
22.60
20.30
67.40
70.10
3.30
4.40
6.70
5.20
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Fig. 2: Effect of excess air ratio on the composition of syngas from different agricultural residues briquettes
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4 Conclusion
Gasification was conducted in a temperature range
of 700900 C and excess air ratio of 0.16- 0.33 for
air as a gasification agent. The syngas was
composed mainly of CO, H2, CH4, CO2, H2O, and
N2, as in typical gasification process.
Acknowledgments
The work of this paper was supported by Project
SOP HRD EFICIENT 61445/2009.
References:
[1] Wang, Y., Yoshikawa, K., Namioka, T.,
Hashimoto, Y., Performance optimization of
two-staged gasification system for woody
biomass, Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 88,
2007, pp. 243250.
[2] Jaojaruek, K., Jarungthammachote, S.,
Gratuito, M.K.B., Wongsuwan, H., Homhual,
S., Experimental study of wood downdraft
gasification for an improved producer gas
quality through an innovative two-stage air and
premixed air/gas supply approach . Bioresource
Technology,2011,doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.1
2.024.
[3] Doherty, W., Reynolds, A., Kennedy, D., The
effect of air preheating in a biomass CFB
gasifier using ASPEN Plus simulation. Biomass
and Bioenergy. 2009, Vol. 33, pp. 1158-1167.
[4] Narvaez, I., Oro, A., Aznar, M. P., Corella, J.,
Biomass Gasification with Air in an
Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed. Effect of
Six Operational Variables on the Quality of the
Produced Raw Gas, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. Vol.
35, 1996, pp. 2110-2120.
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