Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

i <+
ksdghal sl h[ kks
a; ghal s
www.

.co.in

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(1)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

CH 3
H 3C
CH 2
CH 3
X
Unsymmetrical Alkene
Alkyl halide with rearrangement
CH 3
CH3
H 2O/H +
H3 C
H 3C
CH 2
CH 2
HO
Unsymmetrical Alkene
Alcohol with rearrangement
H3 C

1. Hydrohalogenation

2. Hydration

H 3C

3. Oxymercuration demercuration

CH 3
CH 2

CH 3

CH 3
HO
Alcohol without rearrangement
following Markownikoff rule

BH 3 or B 2H 6

H 3C

CH 3
OH

H 2O 2 /OH
CH 2
Alcohol without rearrangement
Unsymmetrical Alkene
following MR but resemble Anti-MR

X2

H 3C
Unsymmetrical Alkene

(2)

H 3C

Hg(OAc) 2 /H 2O
Na BH 4

CH 3

CH3

5. Halogenation

HX

Unsymmetrical Alkene

H 3C

4. Hydroboration oxidation

CH 3

CH3 X
H 3C

X
Alkyl dihalide without rearrangement

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

CH 3

6. Addition of alcohol

ROH/H +

H 3C
Unsymmetrical Alkene

H 3C

H 3 C OR
Ether with rearrangement

Br

NBS

CH 2
Allyl or benzyl group

7. NBS

CH3

Replacement of allylic or benzylic H with Br

Na/Ether

8. Wurtz reaction

R X
Primary or secondary Alkyl halide

9. Corey-House alkane synthesis

R X
Alkyl
halide

Li

CH 2

R R
Alkane

RLi CuI
R2CuLi R'X R R'
Alkyl
Lithium dialkyl
Alkane
lithium
cuprate
Electrolysis

10. Kolbe electrolysis

R COONa
R R
Salt of mono carboxylic acid
Alkane
COONa
Electrolysis
COONa
Salt of dicarboxylic acid with single bond
COONa
Electrolysis
COONa
Salt of dicarboxylic acid with double bond

H2C CH2
Alkene
HC CH
Alkyne

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(3)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

11. Anti-Markownikoff concept

H3 C

CH3
CH2

CH 3

HBr
Peroxide

Br

H 3C

Unsymmetrical Alkene

12. Hydration of alkyne

Alkyl bromide without rearrangement

CH3
CH 3
dil. H 2SO 4
H 3C
H 3C
CH3
HgSO 4
CH
O
Unsymmetrical Alkyne
Ketone without rearrangement
H /Ni

13. Hydrogenation

2
RC CR or RCH=CHR or Pd or Pt RCH2 CH2 R
Alkyne
Alkene

14. Lindlar catalyst

2
RC CR BaSO
4
Alkyne

15. Birch reduction

RC CR
Alkyne

H /Pd

16. Clemmensen reduction

(4)

cis-alkene
R

Na/liq NH 3

R
trans-alkene
ZnHg/HCl

R1
R2
Aldehyde or ketone

R1
R2
Alkane

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

O

17. Wolf-Kishner reduction

NH 2NH 2 /KOH

R1
R2
Any aldehyde or ketone

18. LiAlH 4

OH

RCH/R
O

LiAlH 4

RCH/R

RCX/OCR/OR/OH

RC N

R1
R2
Alkane

LiAlH 4

LiAlH 4

RCH 2 OH

RCH 2 NH2

O
RCNH2

LiAlH 4

19. NaBH 4

RCH/X

RCH 2 NH2
OH

NaBH 4

RCHR , RCR

O
RCOR/RC

20. DIBAL-H

OH
NaBH 4

RCHR

O
N

DIBAL-H
78C

RCH

DIBAL-H
room T

RCH2 OH

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(5)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

O

21. Ozonolysis
22. Hydroxylation

RCH=CHR'

(i) O 3
(ii) Zn/(CH 3) 2S

RCH + R'CH
OH OH

RCH=CHR'

dil KMnO 4

RCHCHR

23. PCC

RCH 2 OH
OH
RCHR

24. KMnO4

PCC

PCC

RCH 2 OH

RCR

KMnO 4

OH

RCOOH
O

RCHR

RCH
O

KMnO 4

RCR

COOH

KMnO 4

25. Cu/

(6)

RCOH
CH 3
3 alc

Cu/

RC=CH 2
R
Alkene

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

O

26. Baeyer-Villiger oxidation

mcpba

R'

OR'
Ester

27. Tollens reagent

RCH
RC

Tollen's reagent

CH

Tollen's reagent

28. Rosenmund reduction

30. MPV reduction

R1
OR2
Ester
O

O
R
H
Aldehyde

Na/ROH

R 1 CH2 OH + R 2 OH
Alcohol

R
H/R
Alcohol

Alcohol

OH

Aluminium complex

R
H/R
Aldehyde or ketone
OH

31. Oppenauer oxidation

C Ag + (White ppt)

RC

H 2 /Pd-Ba SO 4

R
Cl
Acid halide
O

29. Bouveault-Blanc reduction

RCOO Ag + (Silver mirror test)

Aluminium complex

R
H/R
Alcohol
O
R
H/R
Any aldehyde or ketone

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(7)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

X

32. Halogenation

X2 /AlCl 3

Aromatic compound

Halogen substituted aromatic compound

NO 2

33. Nitration

conc.
HNO 3 /H 2SO 4

Aromatic compound

NO2 substituted aromatic compound

SO 3 H

34. Sulphonation

conc.H 2SO 4

Aromatic compound

SO 3H substituted aromatic compound

R

35. Friedel-Craft alkylation

RX/AlCl 3

Aromatic compound

Alkyl substituted aromatic compound

COR

36. Friedel-Craft acylation

RCOX/AlCl 3

Aromatic compound

(8)

RCO substituted aromatic compound

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

SO 3 H
H 2O/H +

37. Protonation

Aromatic sulphonic acid

OH

OH
HNO 2

38. Nitrosation

Phenol

Aromatic compound
N

R
HNO2

OH

NH 2

PhN 2Cl
pH 1 0

Phenol

KOH

Phenol

N 2 Ph
p-diazophenylaniline

OH

OH
CHCl 3

NH 2
PhN 2Cl
pH 5

, Aniline
N2 Ph
p-diazophenylphenol

OH

40. Reimer-Tiemann reaction

,
NO
N,N-dialkyl aniline
NO
p-nitrosophenol
p-nitroso-N,N-dialkyl aniline

OH

39. Diazo-coupling reaction

CHO

o-Hydroxybenzene , Phenol
carbaldehyde

OH
CCl 4

COOH

KOH

o-Hydroxybenzene
carboxylic acid

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(9)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

OH

OH
COOH

1. CO 2 /KOH

41. Kolbe-Schmidt reaction

2. H +

o-Hydroxybenzene carboxylic acid

Phenol

CHO
HCN/HCl

42. Gattermann reaction

CHO substituted aromatic compound

Aromatic compound

CHO
CO / HCl / AlCl 3

43. Gattermann-Koch reaction

CHO substituted aromatic compound

Aromatic compound

CH 2 Cl
CH 2O/HCl

44. Chloromethylation

Aromatic compound

Chloromethyl substituted aromatic compound

NH 2

45. Diazotization

N 2 Cl
NaNO 2 /HCl
0-5C

Primary Aromatic amine

(10)

Aromatic diazonium salt

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

N 2 Cl

X
CuX/HX

46. Sandmeyer reaction

Halogen substituted aromatic compound

Aromatic diazonium salt

N 2 Cl

X
Cu powder/HX

47. Gattermann reaction

Aromatic diazonium salt

Halogen substituted aromatic compound

N 2 Cl
NaBF4 /Heat

48. Balz-Schiemann reaction

Aromatic diazonium salt

CH 3
H 2O

CH 3 CBr
1

49. SN reaction

CH 3
Alkyl halide

Flouro substituted aromatic compound

CH 3

CH 3 COH
CH 3
alcohol with rearrangement

KOH/Acetone

50. SN reaction

CH 3 Br
Alkyl halide

CH3 OH
Alcohol without rearrangement

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(11)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

51. Williamson ether synthesis

CH 3 CH 2 OH
Alcohol

CH 3 Cl
KOH

CH3

CH 3

CH 3 CBr EtOH

52. E1 reaction

CH3
Alkyl halide

CH 3 C=CH 2
Alkene with rearrangement

CH 3

CH 3
alc. KOH

CH 3 CBr

53. E2 reaction

CH 3 C=CH 2
Alkene without rearrangement with Anti elimination

CH 3
Alkyl halide

CH3 CH 3
Pinacol-pinacolone
54. rearrangement

CH 3 C

CCH 3

CH 3 COH

(12)

H+

OH OH
1,2-diol
CH3

55. Lucas reagent

CH 3 CH2 OCH 3
Ether via SN 2

CH 3
Alcohol

anhydrous
ZnCl 2 /HCl

O CH 3
CH 3 CCCH 3
CH 3
Aldehyde Ketone
CH3
CH 3 CCl
CH3
Alkyl chloride & test of alcohol

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

CH 3

CH 3

56. SN 1 reaction of alcohol

Gabril-phthalimide amine
57. synthesis

58. Cyanohydrin formation

CH 3 COH

HBr

CH3 CBr
CH 3
Alkyl halide with rearrangement

CH 3
Alcohol
O

NH
O
Phthalimide
O

(i) KOH
(ii) RX
(iii) H2 O/H+

OH
HCN

RCH/R

RCH/R
Aldehyde/ketone

ROH/H

RCH/R
Aldehyde/ketone
O

60. D-Exchange reaction

H 2O/H +

CN
Cyanohydrin
OH

59. Hemiacetal/Acetal formation

RNH2
1 amine (Preparation of 1 amine)

RCH/R

D 2O/D + or D 2O/OD

H/R
H 3C
Aldehyde or ketone with alpha H

RCH/R

COOH
- Hydroxycarboxylic acid
OR

ROH/H

OR
Hemiacetal

OH

RCH/R
OR
Acetal
O

H/R
DH 2 C
Replacement of alpha H with D

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(13)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

O

OH O

Ba se

61. Aldol condensation

H
H 3C
Aldehyde or ketones
with H

62. Cannizzaro reaction

H
H 3C
-Hydroxy aldehyde
or ketone
NaOH

H
H
Aldehyde without H

63. Perkin reaction

Base

OH

H 3C

Br2 /P

OH

Carboxylic acid with H

(14)

X 2 /NaOH

R
R
CH3
CH 3
Alcohol or aldehyde or ketone with
following skeleton

65. HVZ reaction

+ H 3C OH
H
O Na +
Salt of carboxylic acid Alcohol

Ph
OH
unsaturated
carboxylic
acid
-

or

64. Haloform reaction

(CH 3CO)2 O/CH 3COONa

Ph
H
Aromatic aldehyde

H
H 3C
- unsaturated
aldehyde or ketone

ONa
R
Salt of
carboxylic acid
O

CHX 3
Haloform

OH
Br
Replacement of H with Br

Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

O

66. Decarboxylation reaction

NaOH /CaO

67. Hofmann reaction

Alkane

Br2 /NaOH

NH 2
R
Amide

NH 2

Amine

68. Grignard reagent

R
OH
Carboxylic acid

OH

(i) RMgX

(i) RMgX

RCH/R (ii) H O/H + RCH/R , RC N

RCR
(ii) H 2 O/H +
2
R
Alcohol

OH

RCX/OCR/OR

(i) RMgX
(ii) H 2O

RCR
R

69. Acid hydrolysis

RC

70. Hunsdiecker reaction

H 2 O/H +

O
RCOH

Br 2

R
OAg
Silver salt of carboxylic acid

R Br + CO 2 + AgBr
Alkyl
bromide

Sai Complex, Rainbow Tower,

Bazar
samiti,
Organic
Chemistry
is Patna.
easy at Mob:
www.9122057123 .co.in

(15)

Organic Chemistry means Ajnish Sir

Some comments on Ajnish sir by students :
Ajnish sir played a key role in my selection in IIT. The way he kept the organic mechanisms and rules in
front of me and the way he explained was fabulous. Most important thing that helped me in my preparation were the notes and examples he gave in class. He motivated me at times and was patient enough to
handle all my doubts and questions. I am grateful to him being there, when it mattered the most.
[Shubham Jain, AIR-56, JEE 2012]
Ajnish sirs rules on organic chemistry helps students easily understand all concepts, reactions, mechanism
without need for mugging.
[Anurag Talati, University of Alberta, Canada]
Awesome teacher...hats off!!
[Sharik Sharma]
Perfect teacher...
[Sunny Tiwary]
I love the way you teach chemistry
[Amit Mahalwar]
Sir you provide content as per our requirement which is great... These podcasts are actually good concept
builders.
Bhartiya Shishya]
Best chemistry teacher i have met till now...
[Nishtha Gupta]
Organic Chemistry was so tough.... now looks so easy and i am so happy...
Abhinav Minocha]
You have crystal-clarity about organic chemistry. Your single video can prove...
[Vishakha Mehta]
A salutation to you and your knowledge and thanks for sharing this...
[Sujeet Agrahari]
Sir you are God of organic chemistry...
[Naveen]

i <+
ksdghal sl h[ kks
a; ghal s
www.
(16)

.co.in
Organic Chemistry is easy at

www.

.co.in