26-1955 (ShashidharYadav) PDF

406 in Biosciences 8(2), Print : ISSN 0974-8, 406-414,
Trends
Trends in2015
Biosciences 8 (2), 2015
Effect of Nutrient Management on Yield and Nutrient Status on Soil in

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)
SHASHIDHAR YADAV*1 ,R.B. YADAV1, A.H. NANHER1, AND SACHIN TYAGI2
1Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of
Agriculture and Technology, Meerut- 250110 (U.P.), India
2Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar
Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur 813210 (Bihar), India
*email: angadnanher2012@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of
different nutrient combination and sources on
mungbean (VignaradiataL. Wilczek) in sandy loam
soil at Crop Research Centre of SardarVallabhbhai
Patel University of Agriculture and Technology,
Meerut (U.P.), during kharifseason of 2012. The
experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design
with ten treatments, three replications and variety
was SML-668. Among all the treatment application of
50 kg phosphorus through SSP, 8 kg N through urea
as basal along with 1.0 ton of vermicompost ha-1 gave
maximum plant height, number of green try foliate,
dry matter accumulation, number of active nodules,
number of pods plant -1, number of grains pod-1, straw
and biological yield, which was significantly more than
the other treatments. An increase of 84.4 percent in
grain yield were recorded due to integration of
nutrient sources and also to be found significantly
higher gross return and net return compare to control
treatments
Key words
Nutrient, Vermicompost, FYM,

Mungbean yield and Economics.
India is the major pulse growing country in

the world, sharing 35-36 and 27-28 % of total area
and production, respectively. Pulses account for
about 1/5 th of the acreage under food grains.
Domestic production of pulses after its peak of
14.94 million ton in 2003-04 had declined to 13.38
million ton in 2008-09 due to adverse climatic
conditions prevalent in the major production zones
(Ali and Kumar 2007). The production of pulses
during 2011-12 was 16.51 million ton while has
estimated that the demand for pulses in the country
during the period is 19.11 million ton (Planning
Commission 2011-12).Mungbean (Vigna radiate L.)
is one of the important pulse crops of kharif season
which contains about 25 % protein, 60 %
carbohydrate and 1.3 % fat. It is grown in India on
an area of 3.55m ha with production about 1.82m
ton and productivity 512 kg ha-1 and in U.P. on an

area 78,000 ha with production 45,000 ton and
productivity 577 kg ha-1 (AICRP on MULLaRP,
2010-11).Mungbean is consumed as whole grain
as well as dal, halwa and curry and is said to be
very nutritious. It is supposed to be easily digestible
and hence is preferred by patients. When mungbean
are allowed to sprout, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is
synthesized and the amount of riboflavin and
thiamine are also increased.
Pulse crops have certain unique features
which together make them indispensable if not
difficult to replace. Firstly, pulse crops play an
important role in the agricultural economy of India
by virtue of their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen
in symbiotic association with Rhizobium. The
second unique feature of pulse crops is their deep
penetrating root systems which enables them to
utilize the limited available moisture more efficiently
than several other crops including cereals, and also
contributes substantially to the loosening up of the
soil. Because of this, farmers have chosen to grow
pulse crops under highly diversified conditions. In
general, they are more drought resistant than any
cereal crop.There is need to increase the pulses
production which can be increased either by
bringing more area under cultivation or by
enhancing their productivity. Later seems to be quite
relevant if provided with optimum condition as more
arable land cannot be allowed to these crops due
to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Pulses
are mainly grown in low fertile soil therefore
productivity is poor. Secondary the soil fertility is
declining continuously. Apart from primary
macronutrient deficiency the deficiency of
secondary macronutrient particularly of sulphur is
also immerging and it is being limiting
factor.Fertilizer is one of the most important factors
that affect crop production. Fertilizer
recommendation for soils and crop is a dynamic
process in view of the generation of the new
YADAV, et al., Effect of Nutrient Management on Yield and Nutrient Status on Soil in Mungbean
407
Table 1. Effect of Nutrient Management Treatments on Plant Height (cm), Green Trifoliate
and Branches Plant1 at Different Days after Sowing
Treatments
Plant height (cm)
Green trifoliate
Branches plant-1
30
DAS
45
DAS
At
harvest
30
DAS
45
DAS
At
harvest
30
DAS
45
DAS
At
harvest
T1-Control
24.5
37.6
40.2
3.8
14.8
7.6
4.0
7.0
7.0
T2-N.P.(23:60D)
30.2
42.8
46.2
5.5
21.4
14.2
5.6
8.6
8.6
T3-N.P.K.(23:60D:40)
31.8
40.8
43.2
7.5
29.2
22.1
5.8
9.2
9.2
T4-N.P.(23 U:60S)
32.2
45.6
46.6
7.8
30.4
23.1
6.2
9.8
9.8
T5-N.P.K.(23:60S:40)
32.8
45.8
46.6
7.9
30.8
23.6
6.6
8.8
8.8
T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton
37.5
49.2
53.1
10.7
41.7
34.4
8.2
12.2
12.2
T7-N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)
34.9
46.6
50.1
8.8
34.3
27.0
7.8
10.6
10.6
T8-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G)
35.8
48.6
51.2
9.5
37.0
29.9
7.8
11.6
11.6
T9-N.P.S.(23:60D:40ES)
33.6
44.2
47.6
8.1
31.6
24.4
6.8
10.2
10.2
T10-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40 ES)
34.1
46.1
48.1
8.4
32.8
25.6
7.4
10.4
10.4
SEm
0.40
0.54
0.57
0.20
0.38
0.29
0.08
0.30
0.30
CD(P=0.05)
1.19
1.63
1.73
0.62
1.13
0.88
0.24
0.90
0.90
knowledge, change in soil nutrient status, change

in plant and planting pattern as associated
management practices (Ali and Kumar, 2005). The
management of fertilizers is one of the important
factors that greatly affect the growth, development
and yield of mungbean. Nitrogen, phosphorus and
sulphur are integral component of virtually all the
biochemical compounds that make plant life
possible. There is no conceivable alternative for
such elements to constructing the biochemical
machinery of plants. It is absolutely clear that both
nitrogen and phosphorus are essential elements in
their structural, biochemical and physiological roles
contributing to crop growth and the sulphur
essential for the formation of the chlorophyll and
production of protein.
Chemical fertilizers have played a
significant role in the development of the agricultural
sector and continuous use of chemicals leads to
decrease in organic carbon, reduction in microbial
flora of soil, increasing acidity and alkalinity and
hardening of soil. To overcome their, the use of
organic sources as vermicompost which are mainly
ready to use live formulates of such beneficial
microorganisms that help to increase the availability
of nutrients by biological activity of
microorganisms. To achieve the goal, the scientists
have includes breeding of high yielding cultivars of
grain legumes. This has resulted in the release of
some high yielding cultivars of pulses in cultivars
of pulses in recent past. However, their agronomic
practice for different agro climates are yet to be
properly worked out in realizing their full genetic

potential..MATERIALS AND METHODS
Meerut comes in semi- arid and sub- tropical
climatic zone. The summers are very hot and dry
while winters are too cold. Moderate rainfall and
wide temperature variations are the characteristic
features of the semi-arid and sub-tropical climate.
Generally, South-West monsoon sets in the third
or fourth week of June, reaches its peak in July
and August, and continue up to September cyclonic
weathers leads to few winter rains. The mean annual
rainfall at Meerut is 862 mm of which about 80-90
percent is received from June to September. Winter
season extended from November to March, where
in frost occurs generally in the end of December
and may continue up to the end of January. The
mean minimum temperature as 30C in winters, while
during summer the mean maximum temperature
varies from 43 - 450C in May. Mean weekly data
on mean temperature, relative humidity, and total
rainfall recorded during the crop season i.e. kharif
season 2012, at the meteorological observatory
located at the SardarVallabhbhai Patel University of
Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (Uttar
Pradesh), In general, maximum temperature
exhibited gradual decline with advancement in crop
age. The mean weekly lowest and highest
temperature recorded during the crop growth period
were 16.710 C and 33.50 0C (42th and 39th standard
week) in the month of August and October. The
mean weekly lowest and highest relative humidity
recorded during the crop growth period varied from
408
Trends in Biosciences 8 (2), 2015
Table 2. Effect of Nutrient Management Treatments on Yield Attribute and Yield of Mungbean
Treatments
Yield (kg ha-1)
Yield attributes
Pods
plant-1
Grai
ns
pod-1
Test
weight
(g)
Grain
yield
plant-1
(g)
Grain
yield
(kg ha-1)
Straw
yield
(kg ha-1)
Biolo
gical
yield
(kg
ha-1)
H.I
(%)
T1-Control
9.2
4.1
35.1
1.3
455
845
1300
35.0
T2-N.P.(23:60D)
10.1
4.7
36.2
1.7
591
1069
1660
35.6
T3-N.P.K.(23:60D:40)
10.8
4.9
36.6
1.9
661
1149
1810
36.5
T4-N.P.(23 U:60S)
13.1
5.2
36.9
2.5
850
1450
2300
37.0
T5-N.P.K.(23:60S:40)
13.5
5.3
37.2
2.6
911
1540
2451
37.1
T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton
14.3
6.0
37.6
3.2
1090
1648
2738
39.9
T7-N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)
14.0
5.9
37.4
3.0
1050
1632
2682
39.1
T8-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G)
14.1
5.9
37.4
3.1
1060
1630
2690
39.4
T9-N.P.S.(23:60D:40ES)
13.7
5.4
37.2
2.7
935
1564
2499
37.4
T10-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40 ES)
13.9
5.6
37.3
2.9
981
1609
2590
37.9
SEm
0.11
0.04
0.11
0.01
16.08
8.75
14.11
0.22
CD(P=0.05)
0.35
0.14
0.33
0.04
48.17
26.20
42.24
0.68
38.71 to 79.28 percent. The crop received 356.7

mm of rainfall during its growing period in kharif
season. The experimental soil was sandy loam in
texture, low in organic carbon and medium in
available P and K., soil samples was taken from
different places at site the experimental field from
0-15 cm depth before application of fertilizers.
Composite sample was prepared by mixing all soil
samples. Certified seed of mungbean SML 668 was
sown @ 15 Kg ha-1 on 19.08.012 with a row to
row distance 30 cm and gross plot size was 5 x
3.6m., Recommended dose of fertilizer NPK as
150:75:60 kg h-1 through source of Urea (46% N),
DAP (18% N & 46% P2O5) and MOP (60% K2O)
were used as experimental material during the
experiment. Fertilizers were applied as per treatment
description
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Effect on Plant Growth
Plant Height
The significant differences in plant height of
mongbean were recorded owing to different nutrient
management treatments. The highest plant height
recorded in T 6 [N.P.(8 U:50 S)+VC1.0 ton] was
statistically at par to T8 at 45 DAS and significantly
higher than the other treatments at 30, 45 DAS and
at harvest. However the shortest plant was found
in control plot (T1), which was significantly lower
than other treatments at all the stages. An increase

of 24.5, 14.9 and 14.9 % in plant height was
recorded due to integration of nutrient sources in
T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer T2 at 30,
45 DAS and at harvest, respectively in (table 1).
Number of Green Trifoliate Plant-1

The significant differences in number of green
trifoliate of mungbean were found owing to
different nutrient management treatmentsin (table
1). The highest number of green trifoliate recorded
in T 6 [N.P.(8 U:50 S)+VC1.0 ton] which were
significantly higher than the other treatments at 30,
45 DAS and at harvest respectively. However the
lowest number of green trifoliate recorded in control
plot (T1) which were significantly lower than the
other treatments at all the stages. An increase of
94.5, 94.5 and 141.6 % in number of green trifoliate
was found due to integration of nutrient sources
45 DAS and at harvest, respectively
Number of Branches Plant-1

The significant differences in number of
branches plant-1 of mungbean were recorded owing
to different nutrient management treatmentsin
(table 1). The highest number of branches plant-1
recorded in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which was
statistically at par to T8 at 45 DAS, at harvest and
significantly higher than the other treatments at 30,
409
Table 3. Effect of Nutrient Management on Nutrient Content

Treatments
N content (%)
P content (%)
K content (%)
S content (%)
Grain
Straw
Grain
Straw
Grain
Straw
Grain
Straw
T1-Control
2.80
1.25
0.20
0.13
0.37
1.31
0.16
0.11
T2-N.P.(23:60D)
3.24
1.36
0.22
0.15
0.40
1.36
0.17
0.12
T3-N.P.K.(23:60D:40)
3.45
1.49
0.22
0.15
0.54
1.45
0.17
0.13
T4-N.P.(23 U:60S)
3.26
1.39
0.21
0.14
0.41
1.37
0.17
0.12
T5-N.P.K.(23:60S:40)
3.49
1.56
0.21
0.14
0.54
1.45
0.18
0.13
T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton
3.35
1.45
0.23
0.16
0.48
1.44
0.21
0.16
T7-N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)
3.60
1.62
0.24
0.17
0.44
1.36
0.23
0.16
T8-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G)
3.53
1.61
0.24
0.17
0.54
1.45
0.24
0.16
T9-N.P.S.(23:60D:40ES)
3.28
1.41
0.22
0.15
0.44
1.34
0.21
0.14
T10-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40 ES)
3.30
1.42
0.22
0.15
0.54
1.45
0.21
0.14
SEm
0.041
0.018
0.003
0.002
0.006
0.017
0.002
0.003
CD(P=0.05)
0.122
0.053
0.008
0.006
0.017
0.051
0.007
0.008
45 DAS and at harvest. However the lowest number

of branches plant-1 were recorded in control plot
(T1) which were significantly lower than the other
treatments at all the stages. An increase of 46.4,
41.8 and 41.8 % in number of branches plant-1 was
45 DAS and at harvest, respectively.
Dry Matter Accumulation Plant-1

The significant differences in dry matter
accumulation (g) plant -1 of mungbean were
recorded owing to different nutrient management
treatments. The highest dry matter accumulation
plant-1 recorded in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton]
which was statistically at par to T8 and significantly
at harvest. The lowest dry matter accumulation
plant-1 was recorded in control plot (T1), which was
significantly lower than the other treatments at all
the stages. An increase of 69.3 , 41.9 and 39.5 %
in dry matter accumulation plant-1 was recorded due
to integration of nutrient sources in T 6 over
recommended dose of fertilizer T2 at 30, 45 DAS
and at harvest, respectively
Root Length
The significant differences in root length (cm)
plant -1 of mungbean were recorded owing to
different nutrient management treatments. The
maximum root length plant -1 recorded in T 6
[N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which was statistically
at par to T8 30 DAS, at harvest and significantly
at harvest. The minimum root length plant -1
recorded in control plot (T 1 ) which was

significantly lower than the other treatments. An
increase of 21.1 , 26.3 and 26.6 % in root length
plant-1 was recorded due to integration of nutrient
sources in T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer
(T2) at 30, 45 DAS and at harvest, respectively.
Number of Active Nodules Plant-1

active nodules plant-1 of mungbean were recorded
owing to different nutrient management treatments.
The highest number of active nodules plant -1
recorded in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which
were statistically at par to T8 30 DAS, at harvest
and significantly higher than the other treatments
at 30, 45 DAS and at harvest. The lowest number
of active nodules plant-1 were recorded in control
plot (T1), which were significantly lower than the
other treatments. An increase of 37.3, 59.3 and
98.0 % in number of active nodules plant-1 was
recorded due to integration of nutrient sources T6
over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2) at 30, 45
DAS and at harvest, respectively The similar trend
was also observed by Das et al. (2002) who
reported the effect of vermicompost and chemical
fertilizer application on the growth and yield of
greengram. Greater dry matter content, plant height,
root volume, number of nodules and fresh weight
of nodule were obtained with treatments containing
vermicompost.
Yield and Yield Attributes

Number of Pods Plant-1
The significant differences in number of pods
410
Table 4. Effect of Nutrient Management Treatments on Economics

Treatments
Cost of
cultivation
(Rs ha-1)
Gross return
(Rs ha-1)
Net return
(Rs ha-1)
B:C ratio
T1-Control
10934
21742
10808
0.9
T2-N.P.(23:60D)
13536
28198
14663
1.0
T3-N.P.K.(23:60D:40)
14669
31468
16799
1.1
T4-N.P.(23 U:60S)
14963
40425
25462
1.7
T5-N.P.K.(23:60S:40)
16096
43305
27209
1.7
T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton
16140
51522
35382
2.2
T7-N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)
15536
49698
34162
2.2
T8-N.P.K.S.(23:60D :40:40G)
16669
50145
33746
2.0
T9-N.P.S.(23:60D:40ES)
17535
44421
26886
1.5
T10-N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40 ES)
18668
46558
27890
1.4
SEm
190.11
508.86
322.24
0.02
CD(P=0.05)
569.24
1523.62
964.85
0.06
plant -1 of mungbean were recorded owing to

2). The highest number of pods plant -1 (14.3)
obtained in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which
were significantly superior to other treatments. The
minimum number of pods plant-1 obtained (9.2)in
control plot (T1) which were significantly lower
than the rest of the treatments. Treatments T7 and,
T8 were statistically similar in respect of number
of pods plant-1 were significantly lower than T6 and
superior than the other treatments. An increase of
41.5 % in number of pods plant-1 was obtained due
to integration of nutrient sources in (T6) over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).
Number of Grains Pod-1

grains pod-1 of mungbean were obtained owing to
2). The highest number of grains pod -1 (6.0)
obtained in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which
were significantly superior to other treatments. The
minimum number of grains pod-1 obtained (4.1)in
control plot (T1), were significantly lower than the
rest of the treatments. Treatments T7 and, T8 were
statistically similar in respect of number of grains
pod-1 were significantly lower than T6 and superior
than the other treatments. An increase of 27.6 %
in number of grains pod-1 was obtained due to
integration of nutrient sources in (T 6 ) over
Test Weight (g).

The significant differences in test weight of
mungbean were recorded owing to different nutrient
management treatmentsin (table 2). The highest test
weight(37.6g)obtainedinT6 [N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0
ton] which was significantly superior to other
treatments. The lowest test weight obtained
(35.1)in control plot (T1) were significantly lower
than the rest of the treatments. Treatments T7, T8
and T10 were statistically similar in respect of test
weight were significantly lower than T6 and superior
than the other treatments. An increase of 3.8 % in
test weightwas obtained due to integration of
nutrient sources in (T6) over recommended dose
of fertilizer (T2).
Grain Yield (g) Plant-1

The grain yield (g) plant-1 of mungbean differs
significantly owing to different nutrient
management treatmentsin (table 2). The highest
grain yield plant -1 (3.2 g) obtained in T 6
at par to T8 and the lowest grain yield plant -1
obtained (1.3 g)in control plot (T1) was significantly
lower than the rest of the treatments. Grain yield
per plant increased significantly due to application
of sulphur through gypsum instead of elemental
sulphur. An increase of 88.2 % in grain yield (g)
plant-1 was obtained due to integration of nutrient
sources in (T6) over recommended dose of fertilizer
(T2).
Grain Yield Kg Ha-1

The grain yield of mungbean differs
grain yield (1090 kg ha -1 ) obtained in T 6
[N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which were statistically
similar to T7, T8 and the lowest grain yield was
recorded (455 kg ha -1)in control plot (T1) which
was significantly lower than the rest of the
treatments. An increase of 84.4 % in grain yield
was recorded due to nutrient sources in (T6) over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T 2 ).
Supplementation of sulphur through gypsum instead
of elemental sulphur result in significantly higher
grain yield. A response of potassium application was
also observed in potassium added treatments to their
respective treatments of without potassium. Similar
trend was observed by Das, et al., 2002 who
reported the effect of vermicompost and chemical
fertilizer application on the growth and yield of
greengram. Greater dry matter content, pod yield,
plant height and number of nodules were obtained
with treatments containing vermicompost.
Kumawat, et al., 2009 reported that the organic
manures and phosphorus have markedly influenced
the yield of kharifmungbean.Applicationof40kg
P2O5 ha-1 and vermicompost at 2 t ha 1 affected the
seed, straw and biological yield significantly.
Sitaram, et al., 2013 also reported that application
of increasing levels of vermicompost from 5 to 7.5
ton ha-1significantlyenhancedtheplantheight,dry
matter accumulation, dry weight of root nodules
and yield of greengram
Straw Yield kg ha-1

The straw yield of mungbean differs
management treatmentsin (table 2).The highest
straw yield (1648 kg ha -1 ) obtained in T 6
at par to T7, T8 and the lowest straw yield was
recorded (845 kg ha -1)in control plot (T1) which
treatments. An increase of 54.1 % in straw yield
(T6) over recommended dose of fertilizer treatment
(T2). Supplementation of sulphur through gypsum
instead of elemental sulphur result in significantly
higher straw yield was recorded in gypsum treated
plots than elemental sulphur treated plots. Sutaria,
et al., 2010 reported the response of chemical
fertilizer and vermicompost for legume crops.
Application of vermicompost @ 2 ton ha -1 and
411
100% RDF affected the straw yield, significantly.

Kumawat, et al., 2009 also found that significantly
higher straw yield with the application of 40 kg
P2O5 ha-1 withvermicompost at 2 t ha 1 16.24 q ha1
).The yield variation in the presented study due to
nutrient management also get support from the work
of Jat and Ahlawat, 2006 and Das, et al., 2011.
Biological Yield kg ha-1

The biological yield of mungbean differs
biological yield (2738 kg ha -1) obtained in T 6
[N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which was significantly
superior to other treatments. The lowest biological
yield recorded (1300 kg ha-1)in control plot (T1)
which was significantly lower than the rest of the
treatments. An increase of 65.0 % in biological yield
was recorded due to integration of nutrient sources
in (T6) over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).
biological yield was recorded in gypsum treated
plots than elemental sulphur treated plots. A response
of potassium application was also observed in
potassium added treatments to their respective
treatments of without potassium.
Harvest Index (%)

The harvest index of mungbean differs
harvest index (39.9 %) calculated in T 6
[N.P.(8U:50S)+VC1.0 ton] which was significantly
superior to other treatments. The lowest harvest
index calculated 35.0 %in control plot (T1) which
treatments. Treatments T7 and T8 statistically similar
in respect to harvest index were significantly lower
than T6 and superior than the other treatments. An
increase of 12.1% in harvest index recorded due
to integration of nutrient sources in (T6) over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T 2 ).
harvest index was recorded in gypsum treated plots
than elemental sulphur treated plots.
Effect of Nutrient Management

Nutrient Content and Uptake
on
Nitrogen Content and Uptake

The significant differences in grain nitrogen
content of mungbean were recorded owing to
412
different nutrient management treatments in (table

3). The highest nitrogen content in grain
(3.60%)wasfoundinT7 which was significantly
superior to other treatments with exception of T5
and the lowest nitrogen content in grain (2.80
%)was recorded in control plot (T1) which was
significantly lower than the rest of the treatments.
An increase of 3.4 % in grain nitrogen content was
(T6) over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).
Grain nitrogen content was significantly higher in
gypsum treated than elemental sulphur treated
plots.The significant differences in straw nitrogen
highest straw nitrogen content (1.62 %) was found
inT7 [N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)] which was significantly
superior to other treatments with exception of T8.
The lowest straw nitrogen content (1.25
%)recorded in control plot (T1) was significantly
lower than the rest of the treatments. An increase
of 6.61 % in straw nitrogen content was recorded
due to integration of nutrient sources in (T6) over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T2). Straw nitrogen
was significantly higher in gypsum treated than
elemental sulphur treated plots. The significant
differences in total nitrogen uptake by grain and
straw of mungbean were recorded owing to
highest total nitrogen uptake 64.2 kg ha-1wasfound
inT7 [N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)] which was significantly
superior to other treatments. The lowest total
nitrogen uptake 23.2 kg ha-1 found in control plot
(T1) which was significantly lower than the rest of
the treatments. An increase of 79.8 % in total
nitrogen uptake by crop was found due to
Phosphorous Content and Uptake

The significant differences in grain
phosphorous content of mungbean were recorded
owing to different nutrient management treatmentsin
(table 3). The highest grain phosphorous content
(0.24%)wasfoundinT7 [N.P.S.(23:60D:40G)] and
T8 N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G) which was significantly
superior to the grain phosphorous content found
in other treatments with exception of T6. The
lowest grain phosphorous content (0.20 %)was
found in control plot (T1) was significantly lower
than the rest of the treatments. An increase of 4.5 %
in grain phosphorous content was found due to
integration of nutrient sources in T 6 over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T2)The significant

differences in straw phosphorous content of
management treatments. The highest phosphorous
content (0.17 %) in straw was found in T 7
[N.P.S.(23:60 D:40 G)]
and
T8
N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G) which was significantly
The lowest straw phosphorous content (0.13
%)found in control plot (T 1 ) which was
An increase of 6.6 % in straw phosphorous content
in T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).
The significant differences in total phosphorus
uptake by grain and straw of mungbean were
recorded owing to different nutrient management
treatments. The highest total phosphorus uptake
(5.31kgha -1 )
which was
found
in T 8
N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G) which was significantly
The lowest total phosphorus uptake (2.00 kg ha-1)
by crop found in control plot (T 1) which was
An increase of 77.5 % in total phosphorus uptake
by crop was found due to integration of nutrient
sources in (T6) over recommended dose of fertilizer
(T2).
Potassium Content and Uptake

The significant differences in grain potassium
different nutrient management treatments in (Table
3). The highest grain potassium content
(0.54%)found inT3, T5, T8 and T10,which was
significantly superior to other treatments. The
lowest grain potassium content (0.37 %) found in
control plot (T1) which was significantly lower than
the rest of the treatments. An increase of 20.0 %
in grain potassium content was found due to
integration of nutrient sources in T 6 over
recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).The significant
differences in straw potassium content of
management treatments. The highest straw
potassium content (1.45 %) found in T3, T5, T8 and
T10,which was significantly superior to other
treatments. The lowest straw potassium content
(1.31 %)recorded in control plot (T1), which was
An increase of 5.8 % in straw potassium content
T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).The
significant differences in total potassium uptake by

grain and straw of mungbean were recorded owing
to different nutrient management treatments. The
highest total potassium uptake (29.3 kg ha-1)found
inT 8 [N.P.K.S.(23:60 D :40:40 G )] which was
significantly superior to other treatments with
exception of T6. The lowest total potassium uptake
by crop (12.6 kg ha-1) recorded in control plot (T1)
which was significantly lower than the rest of the
treatments. An increase of 72.0 % in total potassium
uptake by crop was recorded due to integration of
nutrient sources in (T6) over recommended dose
of fertilizer (T2).
Sulphur Content and Uptake

The significant differences in grain sulphur
different nutrient management treatments in (table
3). The highest grain sulphur content
(0.24%)found inT8[N.P.K.S.(23:60 D:40:40G)]
which was significantly superior to other treatments
with exception of T7. The lowest grain sulphur
content (0.16 %) foundin control plot (T1) which
treatments. An increase of 23.5 % in grain sulphur
content was found due to integration of nutrient
sources in T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer
(T2). The significant differences in straw sulphur
highest straw sulphur content in (0.16 %) found
inT6 T7 andT8,whichwassignificantlysuperiorto
other treatments. The lowest straw sulphur content
(0.11 %)found in control plot (T1) which was
An increase of 33.3 % in straw sulphur content
was found due to integration of nutrient sources in
T6 over recommended dose of fertilizer (T2).The
significant differences in total sulphur uptake by
grain and straw of mungbean were recorded owing
to different nutrient management treatments. The
highest total sulphur uptake (5.14 kg ha 1
)wasfound inT 8 [N.P.K.S.(23:60 D:40:40 G)]
which was significantly superior to other treatments
with exception of T7. The lowest total sulphur
uptake (1.64 kg ha-1) by crop found in control plot
the treatments. An increase of 115.3% in total
sulphur uptake by crop was found due to
recommended dose of fertilizer (T2). Similar kind
of trend was also observed by Karmegam, et al.,
1999 who reported that with the application of 30
413
kg N, 26.20 kg P and 60 kg S ha-1 in greengram the

content and uptake was significantly higher. The
total phosphorus uptake by plants was higher (5.31
kg ha-1) in treatment T8 N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40G).
This may be due to the mechanism of nutrient
observation and condition of the plot or agro
climatic condition. Similar kind of trend was also
observed by Rajesh, et al., 2006 who evaluated
the effect of nitrogen, potassium + phosphorus
under varying sulphur level (40, 80, 120, kg ha-1)
on the yield and nutrient uptake in mungbean. The
significant effect of fertilizer application on the
content and uptake by the mungbean. Ram, et al.,
2008 also found that the effects of sulphur, zinc
and biofertilizer application on mungbean nutrient
content.
Effect of Nutrient
Economics
Management
on
The cost of cultivation (Rs ha-1) of mungbean

differs significantly owing to different nutrient
management treatments in (Table 4). The highest
cost of cultivation (18668 Rs ha-1) obtained in T10
N.P.K.S.(23:60D:40:40ES) which were significantly
superior to other treatments. The lowest cost of
cultivation calculated (10934 Rs ha-1)in control plot
(T1) was significantly lower than the rest of the
treatments.The gross return (Rs ha-1) of mungbean
management treatments. The highest gross return
(51522Rs ha-1) obtained in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0
ton] which was statistically at par to T8. The lowest
gross return obtained (21742Rs ha-1)in control plot
the treatments. The net return (Rs ha-1) of mungbean
management treatments. The highest net return
(35382Rs ha-1) obtained in T6 [N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0
ton] which were significantly superior to other
treatments. The lowest net return calculated
(10808Rsha -1)in control plot (T 1) which was
Benefit Cost Ratio

The benefit cost ratio of mungbean differs
management treatmentsin (table 4).. The highest
benefit cost ratio (2.2) calculated in T6 and T7 were
significantly superior to other treatments. The
lowest benefit cost ratio calculated (0.9)in control
plot (T1) was significantly lower than the rest of
the treatments. Ghanshyamet al. (2010) who
reported that with the application of P 18 kg ha-1
414
andvermicompost 5 tone ha -1in greengram net

returns significantly higher than control
treatment.Yadav and Luthra (2005) also found that
the application of vermicompost at 15 t ha-1 with
recommended rate of N:P:K significantly higher net
return in pea.
LITERATURE CITED
Ali, M. and Kumar, S. 2005. Pulses: yet to see a breakthrough.
The Hindu survey of Indian journal of Agriculture. 5456.
Ali, Masood. and Kumar, Shiv. 2007. Pulses: good options
for rain fed areas. The Hindu Survey of Indian
Agriculture.
All India Coordinated Research Project. 2012. Annual
Reports of mungbean and MULLaRP.
Das, Bapi, Wagh, A.P., Dod, V.N., Nagre, P.K. and Bawkar,
S.O. 2011.Effect of integrated nutrient management on
cowpea. Asian Journal of Horticulture. 6(2): 402-405.
Das, P.K., Sarangi, D., Jena, M.K. and Mohanty, S. 2002.
Response of greengram (Vignaradiata L.) to integrated
application of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer in
acid lateritic soil. Indian Agriculturist. 46(1/2): 79-87.
Ghanshyam, Kumar, Rakesh and Jat, R.K. 2010. Productivity
and soil fertility as effected by organic manures and
inorganic fertilizers in greengram (Vignaradiata). Indian
Journal of Agronomy. 55(1): 16-21.
Jat, R.S. and Ahlawat, I.P.S. 2006. Direct and residual effect
or vermicompostsulphur fertilization on soil nutrient
dynamics and productivity of mungbean, maize
sequence. Journal of sustainable Agriculture. 28(1): 4154.
Karmegam, N., Alagumalai, K. and Daniel, T. 1999. Effect
ofN.P.Son the growth and yield of greengram
(PhaseolusaureusRoxb.) Tropical Agriculture. 76(2):
143-146.
Kumar, A., Kumar D. and Arya, K.P.S. 2009. Effect of
calcium and sulphur on the growth and yield of urdbean
[Vignamungo(L)].International Journal of Plant Sciences.
40(2): 593-595
Kumawat, Narendra, Kumar, R. and Sharma, O.P.

2009.Nutrient
uptake
and
yield
of
mungbeanVignaradiata(L.)Wilczek asinfluenced by
organic manures, PSB and phosphorus fertilization.
Environment and Ecology. 27(4B): 2002-2005.
Kumawat, Narendra, Sharma, O.P. and Kumar, R. 2009.
Effect of organic manures, PSB and phosphorus
fertilization on yield and economics of
mungbeanVignaradiata(L.)Wilczek. Environment and
Ecology. 27(1): 5-7..
Planning Commission, 2011-12. Statistics, All India Area,
production and yield of urdbean, clusterbean and sweet
potato. Directorate of economics Statistics.
Rajesh P., Singh, A.K. and Malik, S.P. 2006. Growth pattern
in relation to yield in mungbean (Vigna radiata(L.)
Wilczek). Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding.
60(2): 237-238.
Ram, M.K., Siag, R.K. and Prakash, V. 2008. Effect of tillage
and fertilizer on the growth and yield of summer
mungbean. Indian Institute of Pulse Research 26(2): 295297.
Sabeetha, P., Devi, S.N.P. and Vasandha, S. 2011.
Formulation of a liquid fertilizer and a comparative study
on its effect on the growth and yield of Vignaradiata(L.)
Wilczek.Asian Journal of Bio Science 6(2): 227-231.
Seenappa,C.,Venkataravana,P.,Janakiraman,N. and
Manjunatha,R. 2009. Growth and yield of cowpea
(Vignaunguiculata L. Walp.) as influenced by sulphur,
boron and zinc. Environment and Ecology. 27(1): (A)
393-395.
Sitaram, Tak, Sharma, S.K. and Reager, M.L. 2013. Growth
attributes and nutrient uptake of green gram as influenced
by vermicompost and zinc in arid western Rajasthan.
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65-69.
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Padmani, D.R. 2010. Response of legume crops to
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Received on 20-12-2014
Accepted on 25-12-2014

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406 in Biosciences 8(2), Print : ISSN 0974-8, 406-414,

Effect of Nutrient Management on Yield and Nutrient Status on Soil in

Nutrient, Vermicompost, FYM,

India is the major pulse growing country in

ton and productivity 512 kg ha-1 and in U.P. on an

Plant height (cm)

T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton

knowledge, change in soil nutrient status, change

properly worked out in realizing their full genetic

Trends in Biosciences 8 (2), 2015

Yield (kg ha-1)

T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton

38.71 to 79.28 percent. The crop received 356.7

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

than other treatments at all the stages. An increase

Number of Green Trifoliate Plant-1

Number of Branches Plant-1

Table 3. Effect of Nutrient Management on Nutrient Content

T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton

45 DAS and at harvest. However the lowest number

Dry Matter Accumulation Plant-1

recorded in control plot (T 1 ) which was

Number of Active Nodules Plant-1

Yield and Yield Attributes

Trends in Biosciences 8 (2), 2015

Table 4. Effect of Nutrient Management Treatments on Economics

T6 -N.P.(8U:50S) + VC1.0 ton

plant -1 of mungbean were recorded owing to

Number of Grains Pod-1

Test Weight (g).

Grain Yield (g) Plant-1

Grain Yield Kg Ha-1

Straw Yield kg ha-1

100% RDF affected the straw yield, significantly.

Biological Yield kg ha-1

Harvest Index (%)

Effect of Nutrient Management

Nitrogen Content and Uptake

Trends in Biosciences 8 (2), 2015

different nutrient management treatments in (table

Phosphorous Content and Uptake

recommended dose of fertilizer (T2)The significant

Potassium Content and Uptake

significant differences in total potassium uptake by

Sulphur Content and Uptake

kg N, 26.20 kg P and 60 kg S ha-1 in greengram the

The cost of cultivation (Rs ha-1) of mungbean

Benefit Cost Ratio

Trends in Biosciences 8 (2), 2015

andvermicompost 5 tone ha -1in greengram net

Kumawat, Narendra, Kumar, R. and Sharma, O.P.

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