INTRODUCTION TO

FTTH SYSTEM
Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin (PTSS)
27-08-2014

Content
SECTION I

: ACCESS TECHNOLOGY

SECTION II

: FTTH ARCHITECTURE
: PON PRINCIPLE

Learning Outcome
At the end of this session, participants should be able to:Understand for all access network technologies
Understand about FTTx architecture and network design.
Explain about FTTx technology
Differentiate between PON and AON network
Understand about the family PON standard

Comparison of Access Technologies

The key requirements of the access network

Economic

Performance

Ease of use

Comparison of Access Technologies (contd.)

Copper Pair

Radio Based

O.F Based

Analog, limited
BW, Huge initial
cost, Induction
prone

Single channel VHF,

MARR, Sat, GSM, WILL,
requires frequency
spectrum management.
Limited BW. Broadband
Data also possible at
present.

Different types based

on applications.
Optimized economic
solution for todays
requirements.

Comparison of Access Technologies (cont)

Copper
High capital cost per line
Copper cost increasing
High maintenance cost
Right of way crowded, limits
new construction.
Labour intensive
Bandwidth limitations
Will copper handle needs
information age?

Optical Fiber
Less maintenance
Immune to environmental
factors
Capacity increase simpler
Planning/engineering easier
Future proof
Less space requirements

What is FTTx (FTTH/P, FTTC)?

FTTH - Fiber To The Home

Can carry high speed broadband services integrating voice, data and video.
FTTH solution in delivering high speed communications over one medium- fiber
optics.
Fiber deployment is carried to the customers home(premises).
Fiber optic service to the home is the fastest, most reliable, secure method and
far surpasses

What is FTTx (FTTH/P, FTTC)?

FTTx

Premise(FTTP)

Home (FTTH)

Curb (FTTC)

Node (FTTN)

FTTH deployment issues

Telcos have many aging cable plants which need to
consider
Targeted deployment area
Cost optimizations: numbers of connections vs
numbers of take up
Technology implementation, legacy vs FTTx

Reasons on todays rapid FTTx deployment

Regulations
changed sharing
issues

New technology
makes FTTH
cheaper

Telcos are losing

landline customers
to cell phones and
VoIP

Changes in the current

telco environment that
are affecting attitudes
toward FTTH
Fiber optic
components are
getting less
expensive

New services are

becoming available

Telcos are losing landline customers to cell phones and VoIP

More people - especially the young - are only using cell

phones for voice communications

Landlines are not growing - making it hard to justify

investing in new cable plant

New services are becoming available and/or popular

Bundling services offers revenue enhancements

HDTV and IPTV
Downloads of music and video
VoIP

Fiber optic components are getting less expensive

Fiber is now cheaper than kite string or fishing line
Most component manufacture in China
Costs dropped ~75% since 2001
Following the market bust of 2001, fiber
components were in massive oversupply, making
prices drop tremendously

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Regulations changed sharing issues

FCC rules telcos no longer have to share their new tech

infrastructure
Possible to recoup investments faster
Telcos may be relieved of regulatory issues of delivering new
services like IPTV

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Widespread use of new technology makes FTTH cheaper

PON (passive optical network) architecture

WDM (wavelength division multiplexing)

Digital TV (especially IPTV or digital TV delivered

over the Internet)

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Many Telcos are realizing that the alternatives to FTTH are

inadequate for future bandwidth needs:

DSL will not have the bandwidth

Wireless wont have the bandwidth
BPL wont have the bandwidth
Eventually they will have to go FTTH, so why put off
the inevitable?

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PART 2 :
FTTH ARCHITECTURES

17

FTTH Architectures and Networks

Home run

fiber from CO to every home

Active star

local switch then fiber to every home

Passive optical
network (PON)
WDM PON

use splitter near customer share fiber to CO

PON but with each customer having a specified
wavelength

All network based on standard SM fiber

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FTTH Architecture; Home Run

FTTH Architecture; Active Star Network

10

FTTH Architecture; Passive Optical Network (PON)

FTTH Architecture; Passive Optical Network (PON)

11

FTTH Architecture; PON With Cascaded Splitters

PON Splitter
Passive optical branching device
Bidirectional
1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32 configurations
Cascade for desired ratio
Loss 3 dB per 2x split plus excess loss (inefficiency)

24

12

Splitter Power Ratios

1:2

1:4

1:8

1:16

1:32

Ideal loss
(dB)

12

15

Excess loss
(dB,max)

Actual loss
(dB, max)

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15

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Splitter

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General FTTH PON Jargon

13

P2P VS P2MP network

POINT-TO-POINT NETWORK

POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT
NETWORK

ADVANTAGES
High speed
Easy to upgrade
Low cost transceivers

ADVANTAGES
Low network cost(few fibers)

DISADVANTAGES
Lots of fiber(expensive)
Active electronics(switches) deep
in the network(expensive)

DISADVANTAGES
Not clear upgrade path
Sensitive splitters needed
Expensive transceivers
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FTTH in Malaysia

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PON Family Standards

Type

Description

Standard

BPON

Broadband PON

ITU -T G.983

GPON

Gigabit Capable PON

ITU -T G.984

EPON

Ethernet PON

IEEE-802.3ah

10G-EPON

10Gigabit Ethernet PON

IEEE 802.3av

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Summary
Fiber is the best medium for communication network today
Up to 100Mbps
An application designed for FTTx network architecture FTTH,FTTC,FTTP
and FTTN.
Divided by PON and AON
PON(point-to-multipoint) most used in FTTX
The distinction between the standards is operational speed

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Lesson Learnt
Access network technologies

FTTx architecture and network design.

PON and AON network

The PON family standard

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Q&A
Thank You

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