Investigating the Gay-Lussac's law (relationship between temperature

and pressure in gases)

Research question:
The objective of this experiment is to investigate how the
temperature affects the pressure and the find the relationship of
temperature and pressure with the absolute zero.
Hypothesis:
I believe if we raise the temperature, the pressure increases and if we
lower the temperature, the pressure will decrease. I think that
happened because in 1802 Gay-Lussac discovered that the
temperature and pressure are constant when the volume remains the
same, as the temperature increases the molecules of the gas move
faster and so increases the number of collisions against the walls, so
the pressure increases because the volume remains constant, the
formula for that is

p1 p2
=
t1 t2

p
=k
v

so P T

and I think if we plot

the graph It should look like this:

Where in
T0 would be
-273
c (absolute
zero)
because if we
convert -273 to kelvin would give 0k so if we make the product of pv
with 0k would result 0 so the result of the pressure is , because in
zero Absolute the movement of the particles is dropped so that they
no longer exert pressure on the walls.
Variables list:

Independent variable- temperature, (c)

Dependent variable Pressure (KPa)
3
Controlled variables- volume ( m )

Mass of gass
Controlling the variables:
Temperature (c)
5 temperatures were taken in different environments.

Water with ice

Hot water
Water at room temperature
Water with ice and salt

Pressure
The pressure will be measured using a Gas Pressure Sensor and this
will take the gas pressure at different temperatures.
Volume
The volume remains constant because we will not let the volume
increase by covering the flask.
Mass
Mass remains constant because is the same gas.
Materials list:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

computer
125 mL Erlenmeyer flask.
Vernier computer interface ring stand.
Logger Pro utility clamp.
Vernier Gas Pressure Sensor hot plate.
Vernier Temperature Probe four 1 liter beakers.
plastic tubing with two connectors glove or cloth.
rubber stopper assembly ice.

Method

1. Prepare water at 6 different temperatures.

2. Prepare the Temperature Probe and Gas Pressure Sensor for data
collection.
3. Insert the rubber-stopper assembly into a 125 mL Erlenmeyer
flask.
4. Place the sensor into the computer program that will collect the
data.
5. Place the flask into the different water samples.
6. Collect the data.
Result:
Pressure(KPa)

Temperature (c)

Temp kelvin

81.78

18.9

291.9

92.03

57.8

330.8

78.41

10.7

283.7

88.06

46.6

319.6

77.86

-2

271.0

Data presentation:
A graph to show the relationship between temperature and pressure.

Analysis:
We can see in the graph that as
the temperature increases the
pressure decreases and as the
temperature decreases the
pressure decreases also we
see if we continue
the graph
approaches the absolute zero (273c) As I mentioned before, this
happens because when the
temperature increases the
molecules of the gas move faster
and so increases the number of collisions against the walls, Increasing
pressure
P T

Also we can prove that

p1 p2
=
t1 t2

is correct

81.77 92.03
=
291.9 330.8
.28=.27
92.03 78.41
=
330.8 283.7
.27=.27

To obtain the absolute zero we can make the relation

18.9 ( 02.03 ) ( 81.78 ) (57.8)

=
92.0381.78
1739.364726.88
=
10.25
2987.52
=
10.25
291.41 c

With this equations we get a value close to -271

Reducing errors
In general the experiment went well but there were some errors that I
will mention and could be reduced, improving the results.
In the flask could enter the water altering the mass, not being well
closed, this random error could cause changes in the values obtained
and can be improved by closing the flask well.
The device that measures the pressure and temperature were never
checked for their accuracy this is a systematic error, causing
alteration in the data this can be solved proving that the apparatus
works well by checking that the temperatures that it obtain
correspond to some that we know as the boiling of the water.
Another random error is that when introducing the flask in the water
we do not wait enough for the temperature to stabilize this can be
solved waiting until already the temperature no longer moves.
Conclusion
The aim of this experiment was to investigate Gay-Lussac's law.
Predicted that the pressure is proportional to the temperature, this
prediction was correct since with the law of gay lussac I obtained that
if there was a relation between the pressure and the temperature