RELAYS:

Relay is sensing device which senses abnormal voltage and

current conditions in power system and sends signals to circuit
breaker to remove the faulty part from the rest of the power
system. There are different types of relays contactor, thermal
array, and time relays.

CONTACTOR:
A contactor is an electrically controlled
switch used for switching an electrical
power circuit, similar to a relay except with
higher current ratings. A contactor is
controlled by a circuit which has a much
lower power level than the switched
circuit.
Contactors come in many forms with
varying capacities and features. Unlike
a circuit breaker, a contactor is not
intended to interrupt a short circuit current. Contactors range
from those having a breaking current of several amperes to
thousands of amperes and 24 V DC to many kilovolts. The
physical size of contactors ranges from a
device small
enough to pick up with one hand, to large
devices
approximately a meter on a side.

INTERMEDIATE RELAYS:
Intermediate relays are used as component
parts in AC control circuits with a voltage
up to 230 V. The intermediate relays are

intended for transmitting control commands to final control

devices by switching their circuits.
Advantages:
Silver-containing
contacts
considerably prolonging the relay
service life.
High rated current (up to 10 A) and
more
compact
dimensions
as
compared to similar products.
Arbitrary operating position.

THERMAL RELAYS:

Thermal overload relays are economic electromechanical

protection devices for the main circuit. They offer reliable
protection for motors in the event of overload or phase failure.
The thermal overload relay can make up a compact starting
solution together with contactors.
Main benefits:
Reliable protection for motors
Easy to create starters
Optimized match to ABB contactors
Single mounting kits and wire reset for remote control
available for specific applications.
Adjustable current setting ranges
Overload protection with phase loss sensitivity
Temperature compensation up to +60C
Automatic or manual reset, sealable
Stop and test function.

TIME REALYS:
Timing relays are arranged for an intentional delay in operating
their contacts. A very short (a fraction of a second) delay would
use a copper disk between the armature and moving blade
assembly. Current flowing in the disk maintains magnetic field for
a short time, lengthening release time.

For a slightly longer (up to a minute) delay, a dashpot is used. A

dashpot is a piston filled with fluid that is allowed to escape
slowly; both air-filled and oil-filled dashpots are used. The time
period can be varied by increasing or decreasing the flow rate. For
longer time periods, a mechanical clockwork timer is installed.
Relays may be arranged for a fixed timing
period, or may be field adjustable, or
remotely set from a control panel.
Time-delay relay contacts must be specified
not only as either normally open or
normally closed, but whether the delay
operates in the direction of closing or in the
direction of opening. The following is a
description of the four basic types of timedelay relay contacts.

TRAVEL /LIMIT SWITCH:

A limit switch is an electromechanical
device that consists of an actuator
mechanically linked to a set of contacts.
When an object comes into contact with the actuator, the device
operates the contacts to make or break an electrical connection.
Limit switches are used in a variety of applications and
environments because of their ruggedness, ease of installation,
and reliability of operation. They can
determine the presence or absence,
passing, positioning,and end of travel of an
object.
These can be connected as normally open
and normally
closed conditions.

Fuses:
A fuse is a type of low
resistance resistor that acts as a sacrificial
device to provide overcurrent protection,
of either the load or source circuit. Its

essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too

much current flows through it, interrupting the circuit that it
connects.
It is secondary protective device.

Button switch and Emergency Switch:

button is a simple switch mechanism for controlling some aspect
of a machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard
material, such as metal or
plastic. They can be connected in normally open (normally open
circuit when you press it circuit completed) and normally short
( means normally circuit is complete but when you press it circuit
becomes open).
Emergency switch just disconnect the whole everything that is
connected to it.