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ABSTRACT
For modern high efficiency aeroderivative combustion turbines there is an
urgent need for ultra high efficiency inlet
air filters with a low initial pressure drop.
Often high efficiency filters are associated
with high pressure drop (e.g. NEPA). In this
paper, through a mathematical analysis and
design optimization, a new type of ultra high
efficiency 1>97% for 0.3 pm diameter
particle), high capacity, and low pressure
drop (0.5" w.g. at face velocity of 500 fpm)
combustion turbine filter, particularly
suitable for applications in the urban
environment is presented.
In mathematical analysis, a closed form
analytical solution from Navier-Stoke's
equation for air flow between filter pleat
spacing with uniform mass addition and
extraction is applied to each finite element
along the pleat channel. The optimum pleat
aspect ratio is obtained by combining the
expressions for the axial pressure gradient
for upstream channel with mass extraction,
the axial pressure gradient for downstream
channel with mass addition, and the filter
media flow characteristics for finite
elements along the filter pleat channel with
varying wall flow rates.
INTRODUCTION
The introduction of the high efficiency
aero-derivative combustion turbines brought a
new challenge to air filter manufacturers.
The performance and service life of the
combustion turbines are very sensitive to the
ability of an air inlet system to reduce or
eliminate contaminants entering the system
and prevent erosion, high/low temperature
corrosion and fouling.
Presented at the International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition
Cologne, Germany June 1-4, 1992
u4atti*mss
detalmtM
.0
free
Sorrel
imo
No
mii-ries1 web
12(Y ) i
En> /awflow
0,
deat 'pacing
juYJ i
Pli
P 21
U261 1
(O. ot51
Vei
4.
The
entrance
location
(7) with
and
au au
ax ay
(equation of continuity)
(2)
ii(x)=11:2(x,y)dAelt70 (1--1:)
Ms
Ax
(4)
(5)
p dx
Ap
+v a2 u
03,2
X )
Ax
(11)
t:;-fRe2(1-171141 12a1
(12)
fAx
f-
(6)
Re
P0
pe
X
De
(13)
32A f au IdS
Rep c an
(8)
and
fctds
(1
a-1114
dA
AJ
channel circumference
element on circumference
a(UV)diti 0
JA ay
f (er)
where
where
jj dA
4at )
(Jo
2* T41
AL if a dal) Au.,
v
u)
(10)
outer normal
static pressure
density of fluid
kinematic viscosity of fluid
- velocity profile in channel
average velocity along the channel
at x
average inlet velocity for i th
finite element Ax
wall velocity for i th finite
element Ax
channel cross-sectional area
half the channel height (or half
pleat spacing)
x-axis coordinate
y-axis coordinate
+ acuo
a>'
k uo ))
and
ax
spri:
(3)
u(x,th)no
a(u 2 )
(9)
where
Xi
1-(z)
(23)
(1 5)
Reff,
it 1 (2h)
T, 2
2
(y)-1[
(22)
Ax/ (2h)
(24)
fRe = 96
li P1.1 =A P
(18)
(2)
-APL,1 +AP24
where
Re v -wall Reynolds number=V v D e /u
95
Ap =96x (1-2Rea)(1-f?)
(26)
(19)
1
0.9
0.8
_
0.
0.4 -
'5
0.3
0.2
Ap-o.
0.1
Numerical Analysis
In the preceding section, a closed form
axial pressure drop solution is obtained
(Eq.(19) for i t finite element Axi . As showy
schematically in Figure 2, the coupled
equations for upstream and downstream pleats
must be solved simultaneously for all finite
elements, using flat media characteristic
curve (Figure 4), starting from the leading
edge of the pleat. The Ap expressions for
upstream and downstream pleat spacing for i th
finite element ex' are
Ap ia s5x2
, 1
0.-2sen.ix,, A
) (
Rot
5
(upstream)
20)
(21)
1 12.1), (downstream)
Ape,r -96 I,,,( 1. 42 Re"x2.,,) (1 4
10
20
30
with 95
0.5
with 95
0.0
0.4
0.7
0
0.6
a,
0.5
0.3
I0
rn1 0.2
10 pleatS/In,
0.
17-11experimenta
0.
06 lk
10
12
14
16
LB
a 0.08
20
007
0.05
Pleat counts/in
005
10
20 30 40 50
100
1000
6
0.5
d
0.5
5'
13
0.3
"'
0.2
To
eo
a OA
0.09
111 OM
IT 0m'
100
0.05
w.myfia
005
V
20 30 40 50
100
90
1000
80
18
>"
u
10
12
14
16
60
5
's
70
18
20
20
10
test aeroSo6 atmospheric ma'am
al 500 lian I ace velskity12000 cfm
0
01
0.2
0.3 0.40,5
4 5
10
Particle diameter
T. 0.3
To
0.2
10
PREFILTER
CONCLUSIONS
1.
2.
3.
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
i
T
lb
1
1 . PO F. OOP FRE 02500 OA
:
i
,I
Ur
I
l
30/3040% DOP in So nos
TA
0 000 ism
I \
1.
*%00FM.102000
OA
1
41
1
i
5.
6.
DUST FED, 0 MF