Short Course

on the

Seismic Design of Concrete Gravity Dams

Lecture 2.3
EAGD84 Run Procedure
March 3-6, 2009, IITK, Kanpur, India

Eagd84 - General
Program is a 2-dimensional implicit static and dynamic plain-strain linear-elastic
finite element structural analyses program specifically written for concrete gravity
dams.
Elements are 4-noded quadratic or 3-noded tetrahedrons quadratic finite
elements.
The foundation is modeled with a visco-elastic half space that takes into account
mass and inertia affects.
Hydrodynamic interaction is modeled with compressible fluid formulation.
Damping is by hysteretic material damping and radiation damping in the
foundation.
The majority of nodes and elements can be generated. Input is very simple and
can be created with a text editor.

Post-processing at Reclamation is done using programs EAGD84UNV and

PLT2D.

Eagdslide Features

Eagd84 Input File

Card A TITLE
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

TITLE

1-80 (a)

Title of problem printed on results

Example
Example Response Analysis of Pine Flat Dam due to Taft Ground Motion

Eagd84 Input File

Card B Program Control Data (p1 of 3)

Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NUMNP

1-5 (I)

Number of nodal points

NUMEL

6-10 (I)

Number of elements

NUMMAT

11-15 (I)

Number of materials in dam

NBASE

16-20 (I)

Number of nodes along base of dam

NE

21-25 (I)

Number of modes

WL

26-35 (F)

Elevation of reservoir surface

NPP

36-40 (I)

Number of wet nodes on the upstream face

0 = Empty reservoir

Eagd84 Input File

Card B Program Control Data (p2 of 3)

Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

IGRAV

41-45 (I)

Perform static analysis: (0=No, 1=Yes)

PSP

46-50 (F)

0.0 =Dam and foundation are plane stress

1.0 =Dam and foundation are plane strain

IRES

51-55 (I)

0 = Compute dynamic response

1 = Static and vibration properties

IOPR

56-60 (I)

Vibration frequencies and mode shapes:

0 = Compute
1 = Read from cards

IOPP

61-65 (I)

Vibration frequencies and mode shapes:

0 = Do not punch on cards
1 = Punch on cards

Eagd84 Input File

Card B Program Control Data (p3 of 3)
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

IRIG

66-70 (I)

0 = Foundation is flexible
1 = Foundation is rigid

IGEN

71-75 (I)

Dynamic stiffness matrix

0 = Read from TAPE90
1 = Generate from data on TAPE80
IGEN ignored if IRIG = 1 (rigid)

Pine Flat Example:

162 136

9 10

381.0 17

1 0.0

Eagd84 Input File

Card C Foundation Rock Properties
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

Ef

1-10 (F)

Modulus of elasticity (k-s / ft4)

11-20 (F)

Mass density (k-s / ft4)

21-30 (F)

Constant hysteretic damping

Use: 0.01, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50
Recommend: 0.10 if not known

31-40 (F)

Spacing between nodes along the

dam base (feet)

Pine Flat Example:

468000.0 .005124
8

0.10

39.29

Eagd84 Input File

Card D Dam Material Properties
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NMAT

1-5 (I)

Material number NUMMAT

Es

6-15 (F)

Modulus of elasticity (k / ft2)

16-25 (F)

Poissons ratio

26-35 (F)

Mass density (k-s2 / ft4)

Pine Flat Example:

1 468000.

0.2 0.004814

Eagd84 Input File

Card E Nodal Point Coordinates (p1 of 3)
Define x and y coordinates and boundary conditions of nodes

10

Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NP

1-5 (I)

Nodal point number

BOUND

6-10 (F)

Displacement boundary code

0.0 =
x and y displacements unknown
Use in dam and along base of
dam if foundation flexible
1.0 =
Zero displacement in x direction
Unknown displacement in y
2.0 =
Unknown displacement in x
Zero displacement in y direction
3.0 =
Zero displacement in x and y

Xn

11-20 (F)

X coordinate (feet)

Yn

21-30 (F)

Y coordinate (feet)

Eagd84 Input File

Card E Nodal Point Coordinates (p2 of 3)
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

Fill in these variables if automatic generation desired:

m
31-35 (I)
Module for nodal point generation
NLIM

36-40 (I)

Nodal point limit for generation

Fx

41-50 (F)

Amplification factor for X coordinate

(Blank assumed to be 1.0)

Fy

51-60 (F)

Amplification factor for Y coordinate

(Blank assumed to be 1.0)

Pine Flat Example:

11

1
16.750 400.000
2
20.750 400.000
. Repeat for all defined nodes
162 0.0 314.320
0.0

Eagd84 Input File

Card E Nodal Point Coordinates (p2 of 3)
Notes:
- Nodes input in numerically ascending order
- If node numbers are omitted, nodes are generated at equal intervals along a
straight line between given nodes.
- Layer generation may be used with two rows of completely defined node
points. If the parameters in columns 31 to 60 are given for node point N, the x
and y coordinates of node point n+1, n+2 NLIM are generated by:

xk = xk m + f x ( xk m xk 2 m )
yk = yk m + f y ( yk m yk 2 m )
where:
k = N+1, N+2, NLIM and node NLIM+1 must be defined
12

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set F Element Definition
Input nodes at element vertices and the element material number
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NEL

1-5 (I)

Element number

NI

6-10 (I)

Node point number at element vertex I

NJ

11-15 (I)

Node point number at element vertex I

NK

16-19 (I)

Node point number at element vertex I

NL

20-25 (I)

Node point number at element vertex I

NMAT

26-30 (I)

Material number from Card Set D

Pine Flat Example:

13

1 1 10 11 2
9 10 19 20 11

1
1

14

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set G Water (Wet) Node Points
Specify upstream nodes affected by reservoir. Omit if NPP = 0 on Card B
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NDIR

1-5 (I)

0 = +X downstream, 1=+X upstream

NWET

6-10 (I)
to
76-80 (I)

List of nodal points along upstream

face affected by reservoir water.
(List NPP nodes from Card Set B)

Pine Flat Example:

0 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100 109 118 127 136
145 154

15

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set H Base Nodal Points
Input NBASE node numbers along the base of the dam in contact with the
flexible foundation if IRIG = 0 on Card Set B. List in increasing order of
increasing x coordinate. Repeat card if more than 16 nodes.
Variable

NB

Column/
(Format)

Description

6-10 (I)
to
76-80 (I)

List NBASE nodal points along base

of dam in contact with foundation.

Pine Flat Example:

154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162

16

17

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set I Vibration Frequencies
Input the natural vibration frequencies of an associated dam-foundation rock
system. Include this card only if IOPR = 1 on Card Set B.
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NV

1-12 (I)

Vibration mode number

FREQ

13-27 (F)

Natural vibration frequency (radians/sec)

Pine Flat Example:

(Omit because IOPR = 0)

18

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set J Vibration Mode Shapes
Input the natural vibration mode shapes of an associated dam-foundation rock
system. Include this card only if IOPR = 1 on Card Set B.
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NP

1-12 (I)

Node point number

13-27 (F)

X ordinate of mode shape

28-42 (F)

Y ordinate of mode shape

Pine Flat Example:

(Omit because IOPR = 0)

19

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set K Dynamic Response Parameters (p1 of 2)
Input parameters for the computation of dynamic response.

20

Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

IHV

1-5 (I)

0 = Horizontal ground motion only

1 = Vertical ground motion only
2 = Both horizontal and vertical

NEXP

6-10 (I)

Compute complex frequency response

function for the generalized
coordinates at N = 2 NEXP harmonic
excitation frequencies. The response
of the dam is computed at N intervals.

DT

11-20 (F)

Time interval at which response history

is computed (sec). Also determines
maximum excitation frequency
represented in response.

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set K Dynamic Response Parameters (p2 of 2)
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

ALPHA

21-30 (F)

Wave reflection coefficient for reservoir

bottom materials such as alluvium
0 ALPHA 1.0

DFAC

31-40 (F)

Constant hysteretic damping factor

for dam concrete

Pine Flat Example:

2 10

21

0.02

0.50

0.10

22

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set L Ground Motion Data (p1 of 3)
Specify the horizontal and vertical components of the free-field ground
accelerations at the base of the dam.
Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NXUGH

1-5 (I)

Number of ordinates in the horizontal

record. If IHV = 1, set NXUGH = 0.

NXUGV

6-10 (I)

Number of ordinates in the vertical

record. If IHV = 0, set NXUGV = 0.

TD

11-20 (F)

Duration of response history computation

TD <= DT * 2NEXP

Pine Flat Example:

23

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set L Horizontal free-field ground acceleration record (p2 of 3)
Input six time-acceleration pairs per card in order of increasing time. Repeat
until NXUGH pairs are specified. The ordinates need not be at equal time
intervals. Include these cards if IHV = 0 or 2 on Card Set K.
1-5 (F)
6-12 (F)

Time (sec)
Acceleration (g)

. (repeat sequence up to 6 pairs per line)

61-66 (F)
67-72 (F)

24

Time (sec)
Acceleration (g)

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set L Vertical free-field ground acceleration record (p3 of 3)
Input six time-acceleration pairs per card in order of increasing time. Repeat
until NXUGH pairs are specified. The ordinates need not be at equal time
intervals. Include these cards if IHV = 1 or 2 on Card Set K
1-5 (F)
6-12 (F)

Time (sec)
Acceleration (g)

. (repeat sequence up to 6 pairs per card)

61-66 (F)
67-72 (F)

Time (sec)
Acceleration (g)

Pine Flat Example:

1024 1024 15.00
0. -.0063
.02-.0019 .04 .0041 .06 .0101 .08 .0053 .10-0003
continue
25

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set M Output Control Parameters (p1 of 3)
Input parameters that control the printing of response results.

26

Variable

Column/
(Format)

Description

NPRINT

1-5 (I)

Print nodal displacements and element

stresses at every NPRINT time interval

ICOMB

6-10 (I)

0 = Compute only dynamic response

1 = Combine static and dynamic response

ISEL

11-15 (I)

Print displacements and stresses

0 = At all nodes and elements
1 = At selected nodes and elements

NNODE

16-20 (I)

Number of selected nodes

NNELM

21-25 (I)

Number of selected elements

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set M Output Control Parameters (p2 of 3)
Input the selected node numbers. Omit if ISEL=0 or NNODE=0
1-5 (I)
(repeat up to 16 node numbers per card)
75-80 (I)

Input the selected element numbers. Omit if ISEL=0 or NNELM=0

1-5 (I)
(repeat up to 16 element numbers per card)
75-80 (I)

27

Eagd84 Input File

Card Set M Output Control Parameters (p3 of 3)
Pine Flat Example
20 1 1 6 7
1 73 118 154 158 162
1 40 41 56 105 129 136
Example For Output at All Nodes and Elements at Every Time Step
1 1 0

28

Eagd84 Input and Output Files

Tape1

- Scratch file

Tape2

- Scratch file

Tape3

- Binary response history file

Tape5

- Input file

Tape6

- Printed output file

Tape80 - Compliance data supplied with Eagd84 for visco-elastic halfplanes and read if IRIG = 0 and IGEN = 1 on Card Set B.
Tape90 - Dynamic stiffness matrix read from this file for the foundation
rock if IRIG = 0 and IGEN = 0 on Card Set B. This fle generated when
IRIG = 0 and IGEN = 1.
Punch - Vibration frequencies and mode shapes of dam-foundation
system written if IOPP = 1 on Card Set B.
29

Reservoir Bottom Reflection Coefficient ()

1 k
=
1+ k
C
k=
r Cr
Cr =
where:
C

Er
r
30

Er

= velocity of pressure waves in water (4720 ft/sec)

= density of water (62.4 lb/ft3)
= Modulus of elasticity of reservoir bottom materials
= Density of reservoir bottom materials

Response Parameters
Maximum excitation frequency (F) should be greater than the frequencies of all
the significant harmonics in the free-field ground acceleration records.

F 25 Hz
Maximum excitation frequency (F) should be large enough to include the range
of frequencies over which the dam has significant dynamic response, fnev.
NEV = highest number of dam modes used in the analysis

F > f NEV

DT

= Time interval

N = 2 NEXP

= Number of excitation frequencies

T = N DT

= Duration of response history

f =

1
2T

F = Nf
31

= Frequency increment
= Maximum frequency represented

Response Parameters
It is important to choose values of NEXP and DT that are appropriate for the dam
system and ground motions, such that:

f1
f
50

The frequency increment f must be small enough to represent

the frequency response functions for the generalized coordinates,
especially near the fundamental resonant frequency of the damfoundation-rock system (f1).

1 .5 1
T>

s f1

Duration of response history should be greater than this

equation given the hysteretic damping for the dam (s) and the
fundamental frequency (f1)

For a given maximum excitation frequency (F), the above guidelines are met if
NEXP and DT satisfy these two conditions:

1
DT
2F
32

and

DT 2

NEXP

1.5
1
max 25,
f1
s

Response Parameters
If the effects of dam-foundation rock interactions are included, the maximum
excitation frequency (F) must be less than:

5 Cf
F
2 b

Cf =

Gf

where:
Gf
= elastic shear modulus of the foundation rock
= density of the foundation rock
f
b
= distance between equally spaced nodal points along the dam base

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Questions?

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