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World history

American history

American Culture & Life

Arts Painting

ArtsArchitecture

ArtsMusic & Dance

Economics

Communication

Astronomy

Geology

Geography

Meteorology

Oceanography

Marine Biology

Chemistry

Physics

Biology

Evolution

Molecular Biology

Human Body

Human Disease

Psychology

Entomology& Botany

Zoology

1 WORLD HISTORY
using fire
stone age
bronze age
the development of agriculture
agriculture: revolution or evolution
the rise of civilizations
the tigris-euphrates valley
the nile valley
the old kingdom
the new kingdom
the amarna revolution
tutankhamu
nefertiti
ramses ii
valley of the kings
the huang he valley
the advance of civilization
civilizations of southwest asia
assyria
the new babylonian empire
the persian empire
phoenicia
the aegean civilization
the minoan culture
the mycenaean culture
atlantis
greek civilization
trojan war
alexander the greats empire
cleopatra
the roman empire
the mauryan empire in india
buddhism
confucianism
shi huangdi

the middle ages

feudalism
vandals
chivalry
the byzantine empire
the crusades (the clash between the cross and the cresent)
knights templars
justinian
the ottoman empire
china (from 500 to 1500) tang, song, yuan, ming dynasties
maya
the aztec empire
the inca empire
chasqui
the age of exploration
the colonization of america
the industrial revolution
costs and benefits
capitalism
socialism
world war i (1914~1918)
hitler, adolf
world war ii (1939~1945)
kamikaze
samurai

2 american history
columbus
the 1421 theory 1421
exploration and early settlement
lost colony & jamestown&
plymouth colony
the thirteen colonies
life in colonial america
the french and indian war (1754~1763)
the road to independence

the boston tea party

tea history in america
the first continental congress
the revolutionary war begins (1775~1783)
common sense
the declaration of independence
the constitution
the bill of rights
the louisiana purchase
lewis and clark &
the war of 1812 (1812~1814) 1812
the nation moves west
alamo
mexican war (1846~1848)
indian wars
gold rush
forty-niners
the civil war (1861~1865)
results of the civial war
reconstruction
the cattle kingdom of the great plains
the homestead act
spanish-american war (1898)
roaring twenties 1920s 20
the flaming youth
prohibition
mafia
the decline of the prohibition movement
the economy-boom and bust
great depression
civilian conservation corpsccc
world war ii (1939~1945)
population boom in the west

american culture & life & city

america's quilting history

the quilting bee

folk culture v.s. popular culture

popular culture

family change

baby boom generation

handedness

the growth of cities

urban conservation

urban renewal

the development of illumination

hotel

postal service

history of postal services in the united states

the pony express

education & schooling

success vs. higher education

food preservation

the history of food preservation

icebox

linsey-woolsey

new england furniture

new york city

manhattan

rockefeller center

the statue of liberty

history of new york city

formation of greater new york

suspension bridge

erie canal

philadephia

benjamin franklin

amish

chicago

the great chicago fire

great lakes

how the lakes were formed

water routes to the sea

mississippi river

new orleans

los angeles

uncle sam

mount rushmore national memorial

war of the worlds

thanksgiving day

black friday

factory outlet

macys thanksgiving day parade

groundhog day

christmas

artspainting

the arts
fine arts
applied arts
the reasons for art
what painters paint
materials
thinners
brushes
techniques
the transition of the mural
tempera painting
acrylic paint
the history of painting ()
prehistoric painting
egyptian painting
aegean painting
greek painting
roman painting
medieval painting
gothic painting
stained-glass windows
how stained-glass windows are made
renaissance
leonardo da vinci
raphael
mannerism
baroque
classicism

rococo painting
neoclassicism
romanticism
realism
modern art
impressionism
new visual sources
ukiyo-e (pictures of the floating world)
painting in american colonies
folk art (1780~1860)
hudson river school (1835 to 1870)
mary cassatt
postimpressionism
symbolism
the fauves
cubism
expressionism
dadaism
surrealism
the 1900's in north america 1900
regionalism
pop art
performance art
neoexpressionism
cartoon
comic strip
kinds of cartoons

5 artsarchitecture

pottery
types of pottery
terra cotta
the history of pottery
ceramics
sculpture
the importance of sculpture
caryatids & gargoyles
movement

egyptian sculpture
cast and casting
metal sculpture
glass
glass history
fiberglass
direct carving
architecture
early architecture
mesopotamian architecture
egyptian architecture
the great sphinx
pre-columbian architecture
thatching
classical architecture
minoan architecture
entablature
classical greek architecture
doric style 1
ionic style 2
corinthian style 3
roman architecture
arch and vault
medieval architecture
early christian architecture
byzantine architecture
romanesque architecture
gothic architecture
renaissance architecture
later renaissance architecture
baroque architecture
rococo architecture
the palladian revival
neoclassical architecture
colonial architecture in america
washington, d.c.
marine corps war memorial
united states capitol
white house

the crystal palace

the greek revival
the gothic revival
modern architecture
the arts and crafts movement
early modern architecture in america
skyscraper
bauhaus
frank lloyd wright
the art nouveau style (1890-1910)
functionalism
art deco
egyptian revival
the international style
postmodernism
6

artsmusic & dance

the importance of music

the elements of music
absolute pitch
musical instruments
stringed instruments
wind instruments
percussion instruments
keyboard instruments
electronic instruments
musical notation
western music
classical music
instrumental music
main types of orchestral music
vocal music
classical music forms
popular music
the history of popular music
the colonial period (1607-1776)
revolutionary war to 1840 1840
1840's to the civil war 1840

the civil war (1861-1865)

vaudeville and musical comedy
folk music
kinds of folk music
blues
the history of jazz
the roots of jazz
ragtime
the swing era
the recording era
the rise of country music
rhythm and blues
rock 'n' roll
ray charles
soul music
rap
dance
folk dances
social dances
ballet
modern dance
musical comedy
tap dancing

economics

capitalism
gdp
central planning
income
public utilities
economic stability
the fed
european foundations of u.s. business
history of american economics
monopoly and competition
antitrust laws
advertising
ways of advertising

direct mail
advertising techniques
history of transportation
prehistoric times
ancient greece and rome
the middle ages
the age of overseas expansion
development of inland transport
the mississippi river
road
turnpike
the steam age
steam engine
history of railroad
developments in the united states
the first transcontinental rail lines
sleeping car
u.s. steel: carnegie & morgan
the 1920's and the great depression 1920
amtrak
the beginnings of modern transportation
airplane
first human flights
the wright brothers
principles of flight
creating lift
drag and thrust
airship
the hindenburg
automobile

communication

the development of communications systems

writing
pictograms
cuneiform
syllabic writing system

hieroglyphics (holy + carving)

rosetta stone
ideography
logography
bone and shell script
rebus
alphabet
manuscript
papyrus
wax tablets
parchment
book of hours
paper manuscripts
ts'ai lun
the development of printed books
the invention of movable type
graphic arts
etching
printmaking
broadside
the development of journalism
newspapers
weather maps on newspaper
paparazzi
pulitzer, prizes
periodicals
magazines vs newspapers vs
the invention of photography further aided communication

the photographic process

the history of photography
pinhole camera
right of privacy
the electric telegraph
telephone
other inventions of the late 1800 1800
the development of electronics
the invention of radio
the development of television

the development of fiber optics

optical fibers for medical use
motion pictures
how motion pictures are made
movement
the history of motion pictures
early motion pictures
d. w. griffith
after world war i
the movies talk
movies in the 1930's 1930

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astronomy

observatory
planetarium
nasa
universe or cosmos
the big bang theory
galaxies
nebula
redshift
edwin hubble
blueshift
doppler effect
quasars
gamma-ray astronomy
visible-light (optical) astronomy
reflecting telescope
the hubble space telescope (hst)
study of other emissions
stars
stellar evolution
kinds of stars
hertzsprung-russell diagram
main-sequence stars
giant and supergiant
cepheid variable stars
novas
neutron stars and pulsars
black hole
beta pictoris
the solar system
the terrestrial planets
the jovian planets
mars
jupiter
comet shoemaker-levy 9 collision with jupiter 9

europa
saturn
pluto
the kuiper belt
comets
asteroid
the sun
zones of the sun
sunspots
energy output from the sun
revolves / rotate
solstice / equinox
phases of the moon
moon
albedo
lunar sea (maria)
armstrong
surface of the moon
origin of the moon
solar eclipse
lunar eclipse
meteors
the constellations
astrology
pseudoscience

geology

internal structure of the earth

plate tectonics
the theory of continental drift
continental crust
oceanic crust
the mid-atlantic ridge
seafloor spreading
hot spot
caldera

volcanic materials
lava
mount saint helens: fire and ice
volcanoes and plate tectonics
the ring of fire
predicting eruptions
tsunami
the year without a summer
geyser
catastrophe
three main types of plate boundaries
divergent plate boundaries
great rift valley in africa
convergent plate boundaries
transform plate boundaries
san andreas fault, california
triple junctions
current plate movement
earthquake
seismology
seismograph
focus / hypocenter
epicenter
fault
earthquake scales: richter
the earths four component systems
petrology
rock
ore
hydrosphere
biosphere
stratigraphy
the geologic time scale
coal formation
fuel

geography

early geography
map legend
topography / terrain
relief
the contour lines
hemisphere
horizon
latitude and longitude
atlas
new england
appalachian mountains
the great basin
death valley
climate and physiography
the grand canyon
soil
composition of soil (inorganic material)
composition of soil (organic material)
stages of soil formation
clay
erosion
landslides and mass-wasting
classifications of mass-wasting
weathering
two types of weathering
desertification
the dust bowl
dust storm
desert
world desert regions
desert biomes
coastal deserts
sand dune
saltation
stalactite
stalagmite

meteorology

climate
why climates vary
climate change
glacier
surging glaciers
glacial erosion
iceberg
glaciers and climate change
history of glaciation on earth
ice age
atmosphere composition
el nino
climate without el nino
climate with el nino
air temperature
celsius or fahrenheit
air pressure
mercury barometer
divisions of the atmosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
the ozone layer
greenhouse effect
the kyto protocol
the water cycle
precipitation
wind
wind types
the prevailing winds
doldrums
the trade winds
the seasonal winds
monsoon
the local winds
breeze

tropical cyclone
naming tropical storms conventions
humidity
special meteorological instruments
doppler radar
the intertropical convergence zone (itcz)
clouds
air mass
front
a cold front
a warm front
a stationary front
an occluded front
atmospheric optics
mirage
rainbow
lightning
how lightning develops
a channel from the ground
the return stroke
thunder
lightning rod
aurora
the aurora borealis
the aurora australis
antarctica
antarctic ice sheet/ cap
snow
how snow forms
diamond dust

ocean basin structure

the deep-sea floor

oceanography

deep-sea exploration
diving
dangers of underwater diving
the deep-sea environment
life in the deep sea
hydrothermal vent
formation of an oceanic ridge
dating techniques
composition of seawater
ocean currents
vertical ocean circulation
upwelling
thermohaline circulation
seashore
wetlands
everglades
mangal
estuary
lagoon
delta
eutrophication
breakwater
water
water propertie
ionizing agents
water desalinization

tapping water sources

aqueduct
dam
reservoir
outlet works
hoover dam
the three gorges dam
hydroelectric dam
spillway
boat passing through canal lock
ecological impact of dams
fish ladders

 6 marine biology

marine life
plankton
ichthyology
life zones of the ocean
mollusk
cephalopod
nautilus
squid
marine mammals
sea otter
whale
types of whales (toothed whales / baleen whales)
sperm whales
narwhals
generalized anatomy of a whale
hearing
vision
origin of whales
threats to whales
sense organs of whales
dolphin intelligence
echolocation
marine mammal vocalizations: language or behavior ?
manatee [dugong]
can fishes hear?
flatfish
starfish
echinoderms
sea cucumber
crustacean
barnacle
sea anemone
sponge

the bodies of sponges

algae
lichen
corals
synchronized spawning
amphibian
3 main amphibian groups (frogs and toads, salamanders, caecilians)

frog life cycle

the mystery of amphibian declines
beaver
polar bear

chemistry

alchemy
everyday applications of chemistry
physical changes
chemical change
elements
formation of the periodic table
the structure of atoms
quarks
isotope
molecule
compounds
ion
valence
radioactivity
curie, marie sklodowska
quantum mechanics
titanium
titanium dioxide
nickel
shape memory alloys (smas)
gold

mercury
diamond
diamonds : the real story
carat vs karat
polymer
charcoal
petroleum
refining oil
salt
salt from the sea

8 physics

mechanics

heat

how heat travels

latent heat

insulation

putting heat to work

phlogiston

sound

frequency and pitch

supersonic speed

wavelength

intensity and loudness

quality

how sound behaves

reflection

echo & narcissus

electricity

static electricity

conductors and insulators

superconductor

semiconductor

electric current

direct and alternating current

electric lighting

electromagnetism

magnetism

magnetic fields

how magnetism works

uses of magnets and magnetism

mri

the core and earths magnetism

when north goes south

light

photon

bioluminescence

laser

the history of laser

spectrum

how light behaves

reflection, refraction, and absorption

transparent

light in the sea

nuclear physics

coriolis effect

cohesion

adhesion

surface tension

cohesion-tension theory

fourth dimension

relativity

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1

biology

physiology

biochemistry

history of biology

the origins of scientific classification

classification

systematics / taxonomy

the taxonomic hierarchy

biodiversity

nterconnectedness of the living world

the growing threat of invasive species

the plight of the lake victoria cichlids

the zebra mussel

purple loosestrife

metamorphosis

complete metamorphosis

incomplete metamorphosis

ecology

ecosystem

ecotone

food web (chain)

symbiosis

altruism

biological altruism

against darwin? ?

sources of energy

nuclear energy

wood

alternative energy

water power

solar energy

wind power

tidal energy

gravitational force v.s. inertia v.s.

spring tides

neap tides

geothermal power

hydrogen

national park system

the first national park

national marine sanctuaries program

evolution

charles darwin
the origin of life
the early earth
religious explanations
the theory of spontaneous generation
modern theories
origins of animals
coevolution
speciation
extinction
paleontology
fossils
stratigraphy
index fossils
stratigraphic column
the cambrian period
the devonian period
the carboniferous period
the mesozoic era
triassic period
jurassic period
chinas feathered dinosaurs (sinosauropteryx)
archaeopteryx
evolution of feathers

fierce mammal ate dinos for lunch 2005/1/13

the cenozoic era
the pleistocene epoch
mammoth extinction myths
human evolution
homo
homo sapiens
paleoanthropology
the process of evolution
primates
jane goodall
primate classification
hominoid classification
giganton : the real king kong (the bigfoot-giganto hypothesis)
the first humans: australopithecines
raymond dart and the taung child (the skull war) ~

why did humans evolve?

benefits of bipedalism
the footprints of early hominids
the genus homo
homo erectus
neandertals

molecular biology

cell
the discovery and study of cells
looking at a cell: microscope
shapes of cells
inside a living cell
the cell in disease
death of a cell
the code of life
chromosomes
the sex chromosomes
dna
rna
cell division and reproduction

mitosis
meiosis
heredity
heredity and environment (nature versus nurture)
asexual and sexual reproduction
reproduction of an amoeba
dominant-recessive inheritance
albinism
genetics
mendel
thomas hunt morgan
mutations
genetic engineering
recombinant dna dna
cloning
dolly
stem cells
stem cells and cloning
to harness the versatility of stem cells
why cloning is controversial
the importance of genetics
the human genome project
gene chip

human body

anatomy
chemical elements and molecules
enzyme
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems

the skin
nerve endings
the skeletal system
the muscular system
the digestive system
the respiratory system
the air passages
dysphonias
the circulatory system
the lymphatic system
the immune system
the urinary system
the reproductive system
development of a human embryo
the menstrual cycle
abortion
the endocrine system
hormones
plant hormones
ear
the human voice
how sounds travel to the inner ear
the sense of balance
disorders of the ear
otitis media
teeth
wisdom teeth
enamel
care of the teeth and gums
diseases and defects of the teeth
dental decay
malocclusion
periodontal diseases
teeth of animals
heterodont teeth
homodont teeth

human disease

microbiology
pathology
infectious diseases
spread of infectious disease
bacteria
vaccines
antibiotics
the shapes of bacteria
the life of bacteria
pasteur
viruses
fungi
protozoans
noninfectious disease
congenital diseases / acquired
the fight against disease
quarantine
history of medical defenses
epidemics
stigma of disease
avian flu (bird flu spreads its wings)
q: what is bird flu?
q: how do humans catch bird flu?
q: is there a vaccine?
q: can i continue to eat chicken?
comparing bird flu to the common flu
sars
ebola managed to escape from the jungle
mad cow disease
allergy
asthma
biological clock
jet lag
sleep

narcolepsy
rem
kinds of nutrients
the food guide pyramid
nutrition and disease
health food
types of health foods

psychology

psychology and other sciences

psychiatry
methods of psychological research
history of psychology
psychoanalysis
the ego
clinical psychology
humanistic psychology:the third force
abraham h. maslows hierarchy of needs
biological psychology
cognitive psychology
pet & mri &
developmental psychology
piaget, jean
psychology today
genetic influences: nature vs nurture vs
the nature of intelligence
voice reveal the personality
the nervous system
brain
neuroscience
the parts of the brain
the cerebrum
the cerebral cortex
left and right brain functions
the cerebellum & the brain stem
the work of the brain

disorders of the brain

cerebral concussion
stroke
infectious diseases
genetic disorders
aphasia
memory
the memory system
memory impairment: alzheimer's disease
brain with alzheimers disease
memory impairment: the amnesias
synesthesia

entomology & botany

insect
insect control

(1) quarantine systems

(2) cultural control

(3) biological control

(4) chemical control

the bodies of insects
skeleton
head
abdomen
hearing
the ways of life of insects
the evolution of insect flight
ant
sense organs
castes
eusociality
nests
life cycle of ants

ant intelligence
communication
kinds of ants

(1) army ants

(2) slave makers

(3) harvester ants

(4) dairying ants

(5) honey ants

(6) fungus growers

termite
termite towers
bees
the honey bee colony
the body of the honey bee
finding food
enemies
kinds of bees
killer bees
spelling bee
beekeeping
wasp
hornets from hell
glow worms
botany
biomes
the tundra
forests
the structure of forests
red alder
fertilizer
kinds of fertilizers
orchids
grasslands
desert
cactus
aquatic regions
parts of plants
roots

stems
leaves
flowers
seeds
the cultivation of fruits
how plants reproduce
pollination
vegetative propagation
tulips
bulbs
(1) cuttage, (2) grafting, and (3) layering
how plants grow
germination
plant hormones
water movement
photosynthesis
respiration
auxins
seed dispersal
carnivorous plants
plant enemies
how plants protect themselves
chemical "arms race"
control of diseases and pests
arboretum & botanical garden &

zoology

importance of animals
types of animals
vertebrates and invertebrates
cold-blooded and warm-blooded
the bodies of animals
adaptations for moving about
legs and feet

wings
fins, tails, and flippers
adaptations for eating
filtering mechanisms
teeth and jaws
animal behavior
nurture: the behaviorists
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
behaviorism
nature: the ethologists
adaptations for breathing
adaptations for sensing the environment
cobra venom
venom
how animals protect themselves
batesian mimicry
escaping by flight
fighting
chemical defenses
how animals reproduce
external fertilization
internal fertilization
courtship
regeneration
molting
how animals raise their young
incubation
social parasitism
the use of tools
animals minds
providing shelter
learning and play
animal homes and communities
group living
animal migration
migration birds know no boundaries
why birds migrate
birds sense of direction

monarch butterflies
green sea turtle
salmon
hibernation
dormancy
other kinds of dormancy
hyena
koala
vicuna & alpaca (the camel family)
desert animals
how a cat lands on its feet
how cats see in the dark
spider
the spider's body
the spider's silk
how spiders use silk
hunting spiders
web-spinning spiders
bloodhound
drug dogs
chipmunk
ornithology
birds introduction
why birds roost communally
building a nest
laying and hatching eggs
bills
preening
legs and feet
extinct birds
hummingbird
crows