Cape Unit 1 Paper 2

2013 Solutions

1.

(a)

(b)

(c)

pq

pq

~ p q

2 x 2 x 2 22 x 5x2
8 x 2 9x
x 2 9x 8 0
x 8x 1 0
x 8, x 1
2

For n = 1

P1 5 3 8 , which is a multiple of 2

Suppose the result is true for n k

then Pk 5 k 3 2M , M N

Pk 1 5 k 1 3

5 k 1 4 3

2M 45 2M 25

5k 3 4 5k
k

which is a multiple of two

the result is true for all positive integers

(d)

(i)

(ii)

f 1 1 9 p 16 0
p6
-1

-9
-1
-10

6
10
16

f x x 10 x 16 x 1
x 8x 2x 1
2

16
-16
0

OR

x 2 10 x 16
x 1 x 3 9 x 2 6 x 16
x3 x2
10 x 2 6 x
10 x 2 10 x
16 x 16
16 x 16

f x x 2 10 x 16 x 1
x 8x 2x 1

OR

f x x 1 ax 2 bx c x 3 9 x 2 6 x 16
x3 : a 1
x 2 : a b 9 b 10
const : c 16

f x x 2 10 x 16 x 1
x 8x 2x 1

x 8x 2x 1 0

(iii)

x 8, x 2, x 1

2.

(a)

f x x 2 x

A function is 1 1 if and only if f x1 f x2 x1 x2

Let x1 , x2 A and x1 x2
Then f x1 f x2

i.e. x1 x1 x2 x2
2

x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x2

x1 x2 1
x2 1 x1
But x1 A x1 1 x1 , hence x2 0
Hence x2 A , which is a contradiction to the assumption x2 A .
x1 x2 f is 1 1.
OR
y

(b)

(i)

(a)

f x 3x 2
y 3x 2
x 3y 2
x2
x2
y f 1 x
3
3
g x e 2 x
y e2x
x e2y
ln x 2 y
ln x
ln x
y g 1
2
2

(b)

f g x 3e 2 x 2

(ii)

y 3e 2 x 2
y2
3e 2 x
3
x2
3e 2 y
3
1 x 2
1 x 2
1
ln
y f g x ln

2 3
2 3
g 1 x f

x g 1 x 2

3
1 x 2
ln

2 3

f g

(c)

(i)

x g 1 x f 1 x

3x 2 4 x 4 0
x 23x 2 0
case I

x 2 0 and 3x 2 0
2
x 2 and x
3
2
2 x
3

case II

x 2 0 and 3x 2 0
2
x 2 and x (not possible)
3

2 x
(ii)

2
3

x 2 3x 5

x 22 3x 52
8x 2 26 x 21 0
26 4
x
16
24
3
x

16
2
28
7
x
(inadmissible)
16
4
OR

x 2 3x 5
3
x
2
x 2 3x 5
7
x (inadmissible)
4
sin
2 tan
cos

R.H.S.
2
1 tan
sin 2
1
cos 2
2 sin cos

cos 2 sin 2
2 sin cos
sin 2
2

3.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

sin 2 tan 0
2 tan
tan 0
1 tan 2
2 tan 1 tan 2 tan 0
tan tan 3 0
tan 1 tan 2 0
tan 0
0, ,2
0,3.14,6.28
tan 1
5 3 7
, , ,
4 4 4 4
0.785,3.93,2.36,5.5

NB Solutions in degrees will be accepted.

(b)

(i)

f 3 cos 4 sin
r 4 2 32 5
4
tan 1
3
0.927 rad
f 5 cos 0.927

(ii)

(a)

max cos max f

r 5
(b)

(iii)

(a)

(b)

min value of f min of

1
8 f
1
1
min value

8 5 13

A B C A B C
sin A sin B C
sin A sinB C
from (a) sin B sinC A , sin C sin A B

sin A sin B sin C

sinB C sinC A sin A B

4.

(a)

(i)

x 32 y 22 9
centre 3,2
radius r 3

(ii)

(a)

in a circle tangent is perpendicular to normal.

22
0
63
eqn. of tangent is y 2
since it passes through 3,2
gradient of normal

(b)

eqn. of tangent is x k
eqn. of tangent is x 6
hence the tangent is parallel to the y axis.

(b)

y 2t 4 t

y4
2

y 4 y 4
x

2 2
2

y 2 8 y 16 y 4

4
2
2
y 8 y 16 2 y 8

4 x y 2 8 y 16 2 y 8
4

(c)

AB (i +2j 4k) (3i j + 2k)

(i)

= -2i + 3j 6k

BC (-i + j 2k) (i + 2j 4k)

= -2i j + 2k
(ii)

r is perpendicular to the plane through A , B and C

if r. AB 0 and r. BC 0

r. AB (-16j 8k ).(-2i + 3j 6k)

= - 48 + 48 = 0

BC .r = ( -2i j + 2k)(-16j 8k)

= 16 16 =0
OR

j
k
i

AB BC 2 3 6
2 1 2
i6 6 j 4 12 k 2 6
16 j 8k 1 16 j 8k
16 j 8k is perpendicular to the plane through A, B, C .

(iii)

let r = xi + yj + zk with r.n = d

at the point A, r = 3i j + 2k and n = -16j 8k
d (3i j + 2k).(-16j 8k) = 16 16 = 0
Hence Cartesian equation of the plane is
(xi + yj + zk).(-16j 8k) = 0

16 y 8z 0 2 y z 0

5.

(a)

lim f x 4

(i)

x 2

lim f x 4

x 2

lim f x 4
x 2

(ii)

(b)

f x is not defined at x 2
f x is not continuous
x 2 2x 3

u x 2 2 x 3;

du
2x 2
dx

2 x 6 xx 2
dy x 2 2 x 2 x 2 x 36 xx 2

dx
x 2
dy x 2 x 22 x 2 x 2 x 36 x

dx
x 2
dv
3 x2 2
dx

v x2 2 ;

dy 4 x 3 10 x 2 14 x 4

4
dx
x2 2

(c)

x 1 3 cos ;

y 2 sin ;

dx
3 sin
d

dy
2 cos
d

dy dy d

.
dx d dx

2 cos

(d)

1
3 sin

2
cot
3

(i)

y x 2 3, y 4 x
x 2 3 4x
x 2 4 x 3 0 x 3x 1 0
x 3, x 1
P1,4 and Q3,12

(ii)

Area of shaded region

3

4 x x 2 3 dx
1

x2 x3

3x
3
2
1
36 27
4 1

9 3
3
2
2 3

1
1
18 9 9 2 3 1
3
3

6.

(a)

(i)

x1 x

dx

we have

1 u u

u 1 x du dx
x 1 u
2

du u 3 u 2 du

1 4 1 3
u u c
4
3
1
1
4
3
1 x 1 x c
4
3

(ii)

f t g t dt 5 cos t 4 sin t dt
4 cos 5t
c
5
f t dt 2 cos tdt 2 sin t c1
5 sin t

g t dt 4 sin 5t 3 cos t dt

4 cos 5t
3 sin t c2
5

4
f t dt g t dt 5 sin t cos 5t c f t g t dt
5

(b)

(i)

(ii)

p 2 x 2r r 2 x r 2
600 2 x r 2
600 2 x
r
2
1
A 2rx r 2
2

600 2 x 1 600 2 x
2 x

2 2 2
1200 x 4 x 2

600 2 x 2

2
2
22
dA 1200 x 8 x
2
600 2 x

dx
2
2 2
2

d2A
8
4

0 max
2
2 2 2
dx
dA
0 2 1200 8 x 2 600 2 x 0
dx
2400 16 x 4 x 0
2400
x
84 m
16 4
(c)

(i)

y x cos x sin x 2 sin x A

x cos x sin x

y x sin x cos x cos x

xsin x
(ii)

At x 0

1 2 B
B3

At x

6 2 A 3 A

x
i.e. y x sin x 2 cos x 3
11