Material (articles)

refer to: Category

Cold rolled steel framing

Steel framing systems

Mezzanine floors

Purlin and cladding rails

Portable buildings

Prefabricated buildings

LIST OF

Steel frames

Compressed earth block, mud brick, rammed earth

Category:Appropriate technology

Concrete

Category:Concrete

Conveyor systems

Category:Vertical transport
devices

Elevator or "lift"

Escalator

Composites

Category:Composite materials

Thermal protection

Category:Thermal protection
Building insulation

Moisture protection

Building envelope

Conformal coating

Damp (structural)

Housewrap

Doors

Category:Moisture protection

Category:Doors
Category:Door furniture

Stile and rail, raised panel, wood clad

Access, sliding glass doors, tambour

Folding doors, garage door, storefront

Door hardware

Electrical systems and equipment

AC power plugs and sockets

Circuit breaker

Electrical connector

Electrical wiring

Switches

Category:Electrical systems

Surface finishing

Plaster & gypsum board

Category:Wood finishing materials

Category:Wood finishing
techniques

BUILDING MATERIALS

Industry standards[edit]
The Construction Specifications Institute maintains the following industry standards:

MasterFormat 50 standard divisions of building materials - 2004 edition (current in

2009)
16 Divisions Original 16 divisions of building materials

WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS TYPES OF

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS?
This section describes the different types of building construction systems commonly found
in the world today. Click on a section below to continue.

CONCRETE FRAME CONSTRUCTION

Concrete frame construction is probably the most common kind of construction system used
in the world today. As the name suggests, this has a skeleton of concrete, that is covered in
a skin. The skin can be made of brick, aluminum or glass, and is attached to the outer
surface of the building.

STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES

Steel is an immensely strong and flexible material. This is why steel frame structures are
ideal for earthquake-prone areas. Learn about the different types of steel construction.

LIGHT GAUGE STEEL STRUCTURES

Light gauge steel construction is very widely used for residential and low-rise buildings in the
US and Europe. It is very similar to light wood construction.

WOOD FRAMED CONSTRUCTION

Wood framed construction is widely used for residential and low-rise structures in North
America and Europe. Learn how it works in this article.

LOAD BEARING MASONRY WALL CONSTRUCTION

Load bearing masonry walls is a form of construction that was used widely from the 1700s to
the mid-1900s. it consists of heavy brick or stone walls that support horizontal floor slabs.

PRE ENGINEERED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Pre engineered metal buildings are a fast, economical type of construction best suited to
warehouses and industrial buildings.

Coming soon...

LARGE PANEL CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
EARTHEN ARCHITECTURE
BAMBOO CONSTRUCTION
TENSILE STRUCTURES
REE WEBSITE

National Disaster Management Guidelines On

Ensuring Disaster Resilient Construction of
buildingsPOWERED BY

7 steps to get clearance for

building construction
May 19, 2016, 02.07 PM IST
A

inShare202

There is always a huge demand for property from a builder of repute

who is known for quality construction. Buyers are willing to pay a
premium in return for -Peace of mind that all approvals are in place.

However, for any building to get constructed, the builder will need to
have a set of approvals as well as sanctions from all the authorities
concerned. Any building that comes up without these approvals will
invite penalty in the form of fines and even prosecution.
Here is a detailed procedure required to get approvals and sanctions
for building procedure:
A) Land Title:
First and foremost, the builder has to get clear title for the land or
plot. Clear title ensures that the property is clear, marketable and it
traces any charges or encumbrances created on the property and its
present status. It enables a prospective buyer to know the chain of
holdings, transfers over a period and check any dispute on the
ownership of the property. The best possible scenario is that the
builder buys the land first and then start the project. In Maharashtra,
builders prefer upfront purchase of land whereas in Delhi and
Karnataka Joint Development Agreement is route normally taken.
Here while deciding to buy a property a basic check can also be
done by the buyer, by pulling out Encumbrance Certificate
( hyperlink) from local sub-registrar office to check ownership / lien
status of land.

B) Land Clearance:
On account of urbanization agricultural land is sometimes converted
into Non Agricultural land which can further be used for
constructing building for residential or commercial purpose. In such
cases a developer needs to get approval from concerned authority
to convert agricultural land to non-agricultural (NA) purpose.
Approval for change in land use of the plot is required from local
body and the State Ministry of urban Development (UD), when the
land use shown in master plan / zonal plan (where the plot is
located)/ land allotment letter is to be changed (as the same is not
permitted / not compatible with master plan/ zonal pan). The land
use plan for land area is to be notified by the State Ministry of UD
after the same is approved by local body.

C. Zonal Clearance:
After the land title & clearance, builder is required to take zoning
approval from the local body / authority.

The revenue department provides the ownership certificate for

building permit under the provisions of Local Body Acts.

The state town planning checks regarding city development

with the planning board and forwards the proposals to the various
other concerned authorities in the city as required for issue of
case specific approvals/ NOC before granting zoning approval. As
per data collected by CII on the overall approvals required in most
of the housing projects in Delhi, Haryana, Noida / Greater Noida,
Rajasthan, Punjab and Maharashtra, it has been observed that as
per the following table, 51 approvals are required by housing
projects that vary from approvals required for land to approvals
for putting in place basic amenities like electricity, water,
connecting roads, etc.

D) Building Approval:

The next step requires an approval from authority for sanction of

building plans/ building permit under the provisions of Building
Byelaws, Master plan and Local Body Acts. The Building approval
comprises of the building plan and the layout approval for the
construction of the building.
1) Building Plan:

A builder should submit building plan before starting the

construction activities. Building plans are a graphical
representation of what a building will look like after construction.

Building plan ensures that building complies with building laws.

Once the building plan is approved, the builder should

commence construction work within two years and there should
be no deviation from the sanctioned plan.
2) Layout approval:
The builder has to get approval of layout plan from concerned
authorities before starting construction of residential or commercial
building.

Approved Layout Plan is as per approved FAR (Floor Area Ratio)

or FSI (Floor Space Index).

Constructing building on unapproved layout will not be given

permission to be occupied or such layout plots will be treated as
unlawful and exemplary penalties will be levied as per Municipal
Laws.

Land which is sub-divided into plots without permission from

authority is considered illegal or unapproved layout.

No facilities such as roads, drainage, street lighting will be

extended in such areas.
3) Intimation of Disapproval
Intimation of Disapproval or IOD basically states conditions that
needs to be complied with during different phases of Under
Construction Project. Intimation of Disapproval in some places is also
i known as Building Permit. These conditions are normally divided
into 3 parts:
(i) Immediately before commencement of construction work
(ii) During the construction period
(iii) After the construction is completed

4) Commencement Certificate in layman terms, is the permission to

start construction from local development authority. Please note that
the builder cannot lay the Foundation Stone & Build Boundaries
in the absence of these 2 critical documents.
E) Completion Certificate:
After the construction is completed, Completion certificate is
mandatory for building constructed before selling the building.
The completion certificate is issued after the inspection process.
Issuing of Completion Certificate will ensure that the builder or
owner has constructed the building as per approved plan.
F) Services & Utilities Installation:
The builder should get approval from concerned authorities for
electricity, gas and water for potable and non-potable use. The
building should comply with building laws for sanction or approval of
basic amenities. The builder has to get NOC from pollution board on
the project. Builder has to get NOC from municipality or respective
authority for digging bore well. It is essential for the approval for
sewer or water supply.
G) Occupancy Certificate:
Lastly, an occupancy Certificate is required from local body/
authority before occupation of a building or part of a building for any
purpose. The local body forwards the proposals to the various other
concerned authorities in the city as required for issue of case
specific approvals/ NOC before granting Completion-cum-Occupancy
Certificate

You are here: Home Testing & Characterization Construction Materials Testing

Construction Materials Testing

At our UKAS accredited test facilities (UKAS accredited testing laboratory No. 0013) we
undertake analysis of a wide range of raw materials and finished products to a variety of national,
European and international standards.

Thanks to our industry knowledge and the close work that we do with many regulatory
bodies, we can guide you through the maze of current regulations and guidelines to ensure
that your products receive certification quickly and cost-effectively.

Materials and Products

Adhesives & sealants

Bricks

Blocks

Insulating products

Lintels

Slates

Tiles

Building hardware

Cement

Ceramic

Concrete, grout & mortar

Construction materials & geological samples

Floors

Masonry - slate & stone

Pavers

Pipes

Rock & natural stone

Soils & stabilised soils.

We offer a full range of physical (durability, strength, weatherability, load, slip resistance)
and chemical (composition, microstructural) tests. To complement testing results, our experts
offer interpretation together with impartial, independent and practical advice.

Why Test?

To achieve certification by complying with current guidelines and building

regulations

To ensure products are fit for purpose

To find out why products are failing in use or during manufacture

To develop new materials and new products through certification

To solve patent disputes or resolve legal disputes

To benchmark against competitors products.

Raw Materials
Raw materials are the life-blood of any manufacturing process. The quality and consistency
of the raw materials ultimately affect the finished product and, as such, great care should be
given to the assessment of these materials. Mistakes made at this stage of the manufacturing
process often remain to dog the product throughout its life, none more so than in the
construction sector. We offer a comprehensive testing service specifically geared to meet the
requirements of the construction sector manufacturers (clay products, concrete products,
mortar, natural and cast stone).

Finished Products
In an increasingly regulated industry, finished products need to be certificated prior to
introduction to market. Whether testing the slip resistance of a tile, measuring the frost
resistance of clay-based products or determining the compressive strength of precast concrete
masonry units, you can rely on our experts to provide timely and cost-effective analysis to
ensure that your products are fit for purpose, achieve certification and conform to exacting
quality standards.CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL TESTING ON VARIOUS VERTICALS
AND ANALYSIS
ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING AND APPROVALS
CONSTRUCITON MATERIAL STORAGE MANAGEMENT
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS AND SAFETY EQUIPMENTS
CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY
WATER MANAGEMENT AND STORAGE
SECURITY ARRANGEMENT
PERSONNEL REQUIRED : MASONARY WORK , CONTRACTORS, SUB
CONTRACTORS, SITE ENGINEERS , CHIEF ENGINEERS, SAFETY ENGINEERS
AND MEDICAL AID, PROJECT INCHARGE , WORK INSPECTORS, MATERIAL
DISTRIBUTION CONTROLLER, WASTE MANAGEMENT INCHARGE,
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, CIVIL ENGINEERS, ELECTRICAL ENGINEER,
PLUMBING AND CARPENTORY PERSONNEL , DOCUMENT CONTROLLERS

PROPSOED ORGANISATIONAL CHART

CEO
PROJECT MANAGER
ENGINEERING DIVISION

COMMERCE DIVISION

ARCHITECTURAL

MARKETING

STRUCTURAL

CLIENT LIASON

FINANCE DIVISION
ACCOUNTING
SECRETARIAL
ADMINISTRATIVE

R&D DIVISION
MATERIAL TEST
GEO TECH