COMPLEX NUMBERS: RECTANGULAR VS.

POLAR FORM

Rectangular Form:
=

Polar Form:
+

= , where

, where

a = real component
b = imaginary component
=
1

=
+
= tan (

Note that:
= cos
= sin

If we have two complex numbers z 1 and z 2 , where

=
=

+
+

Addition/Subtraction:
+

=(
=(

=
=

Multiplication/Division:
)+ (
)+ (

)
)

=(

)(

)
)

Complex Conjugate:
The complex conjugate of a complex number, z 1 is
=

(what is the conjugate in polar form?)

The product of a complex number and its conjugate is