Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
WaTER
NaOH
Stabilization
Concentrate disposal (evap. Ponds)
pipelines
intakes
outfalls
Energy cost for Concentrate outfall
Dechlorination / Ozonation mods.
Cost formulas, where did they come from, are they estimated from graphs or from qasim
Evap Ponds
Deep Well injection
set lower limits
set upper limits
heating & lighting is not based on day light or outside air temp.
"H2O analysis" - Valence changes with pH
"References" Section
trate outfall
WaTER or "Water Treatment Estimation Routine" is a model for estimating the cost of drinking water treatment. WaTER is
the MS Excel program that is the basis for the Visual Basic program called "WTCost". WaTER was developed by the U.S.
Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) "Water Treatment Engineering and Research Group". WaTER is updated on a semi
continuous basis (adding new treatment techniques, modifying costs, etc.). WaTER can be downloaded at:
http://www.usbr.gov/pmts/water/awtr.html
WaTER uses the 1979 USEPA water treatment cost estimates (1978 dollars) and the 1992 Quasim updates to the 1979
costs as the basis. Costs are updated to todays costs. Processes not included in the 1979 or 1992 updates are estimated
from USBR experience and manufacturere estimates. The majoirty of the program is based on applicable flows between 1
and 200 MGD. There has been some recent work incorporating smaller flows of 2,500 gpd to 1 MGD.
Information on treatment techniques included in WaTER for all USEPA regulated contaminants can be found in the USBR
publication "Water Treatment Primer for Communities in Need"
WTcost is a Visual Basic version of this program (with some edits and additions) developed by Irvine Moch. This program
is for sale through Irvine Moch & Associates.
I. Moch & Assoc., Inc.
PMB 161, Suite 6, 1812 Marsh Road, Wilmington, DE 19910-4528
(302) 477-0420, Fax: (302) 477-0242, E- Mail:imoch@aol.com
This version last updated on:
12/18/06
Comments
This model is updated on a continuous basis when funding and time permits. Work on this model is not currently funded
and has not been funded since FY04. Although this is labeled as a "Non Functional Version" there are many components
that work. The non functional status comes from the fact that not everything has been fully checked and there are some
components that do not funciton or do not function correctly.
We welcome any comments (especially corrections).
Comments on this model should be addressed to Michelle Chapman at the USBR in Denver
MCHAPMAN@do.usbr.gov
11/4/2005
###
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Major Notes
Capital costs are computed using the peak day flow and an operation time factor (OTF) to account for down tim
O&M costs are computed using the average daily flow which accounts for daily usage of chemicals, power, etc.
Design Notes
r (OTF) to account for down time which increases the hourly flow rate, but not the daily flow rate
usage of chemicals, power, etc.
Pre-Treatment
Disinfection
Desalination
Primary Treatment
Chemicals
-Cl2
-Ozone
-Potassium Permanganate
-Acid
-Lime
-Antiscalant
Concentrate Outfall
Dechlorination
-Sodium Bisulfite
-Sodium Sulfite
-Sulfer Dioxide
Concentrate Disposal
- Outfall
- Evap. Ponds
MF
FLOW
Pre Desal Primary
Treatment Feed Flow
NF/RO
Feed Flow
UF
Air Stripping
PreDesal Primary
Treatment Product
Flow
Rapid Mix Tank
Chemicals
-Cl 2
-Ozone
-Potassium Permanganate
-Acid
-Lime
UFSCC
Desal
Feed Flow
NF/RO
NF/RO Product
Flow
Plant Production Flow
ED
Desal
Product Flow
Gravity Filter
IX
Coagulant
-Ferric Chloride
-Ferric Sulfate
-Alum (dru)
-Alum (liquid)
Intake Pipe
Disinfection
-Cl2
-Ozone
-Chlorine Dioxide
-Chloramines
Blending
Blending
Flow
Stabilization
Coagulant Aid
-PolyElectrolyte
-PACl
Plant Feed
Flow
Concentrate Outfall
MF
Air Stripping
Primary Treatment
Feed Flow
UF
UFSCC
Gravity Filter
Disinfection
-Cl2
-Ozone
-Chlorine Dioxide
-Chloramines
FLOW
Coagulant
-Ferric Chloride
-Ferric Sulfate
-Alum (dry)
-Alum (liquid)
-PACl
-Lime
Coagulant Aid
-PolyElectrolyte
Warnings
Note: If Warnings are present, they are higlighted with red fill
Worksheet
b
e
i
j
Worksheet
Capacity
H20 Analysis
Acid
IronFeed
AlumFeed
L
m
n
PolyAC
De-Cl2&O4
CL2
NHCL
Ozone
LimeFeed
r
s
Antiscalent Polymer
PolyElectrolyte
KMnO4
GravityFilt
IX
z
f
MF-P input
RO&NF Input
e.g.
Paremeter
units
Feed Flow
MGD
Ion Product for Concentrate
Acid addition H2SO4
Dose Rate by volume
Basis dose rate
kg/day
Calculated dose rate
kg/hr.
Liquid Alum dose rate
kg/hr.
Calculated dose rate
kg/hr.
Basis dose rate kg/day:
kg/hr.
Basis
kg/day
Calculated Cl2 Dose
kg/day
Calculated Aqua Ammonia
kg/day
Ozone Requirements:
kg/day
Basis Lime:
kg/hr
Basis Soda:
kg/hr
Basis Polymer Feed
kg/day
Basis Polymer Feed
kg/day
Basis KMnO4
kg/day
Feed/Product Flow
gpd
Filter area (m2):
m2
Filter area (m2):
m2
Service Flow Rate :
L/(hr*L resin)
Filter area (m2):
m2
Design MF product flow rate
MGD
Primary Treatment Product Flow
L/s
Size
hp
Size
hp
Size
hp
Value
Lower limit
0
0
1212
64
128
16
401
946
1568
376
379
118
0
223
223
891
81699
2120
2120
20
50
100
4796
528 error
163
139
Upper Limit
0.00019
20
72000
2300
2500
2300
100
4500
4500
2300
1800
4500
4500
100
100
220
200,000,000
2600
2600
40
2600
0
0
error
3
350
3
350
0.04
144
4
4
4
0.5
4
4
110
4
4
4
0.4
0.5
0.4
2500
13
13
16
13
0.01
0
assumptions
b/w pump
gravity filter
EPA-600/2-79-162c
Estimating Water Treatment Costs. Volume 3. Cost Curves Applicable to 2,500 gpd to 1 MGD Treatment Plants
Hansen, Sigurd, Robert Gumerman, and Ressell Culp.
August 1979.Concract # 68-03-2516
196 pages
Project Info
Project Name
Model Development
Date
06/07/04
Membrane Stage
A1
Worksheet
Project & Stage Info
Capacity
Report
Cost Index
H2O Analysis
RO & NF Input
RO & NF Output
CO2
Acid
IronFeed
Alum Feed
PACl
De-Cl2
Cl2
NHCl
Ozone
Lime Feed
Antiscalant
PolyElectrolyte
KMnO4
GAC
Clearwell
Gravity Filter
UFSCC
IX
MF Input
MF Output
Rejection
ConcOutfall
IonicsED
ED2
Pumps
StandardAnalyses
S&DSI
LSI
Stif & Davis
Description
Project title, date, list of worksheets in WaTER
Production Capacity and water data report
Process information input and cost output
Cost indices, interest rates, amortization
Water quality input
Input of membrane and system parameters
Cost and energy output
Recarbonation basin
Sulfuric & Hydorchloric acid
NF & RO Conditioning
(if applicable)
{b}Capacity
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
%
95
100
decimal
0.95 (used to estimate production/year)
1.00 (used to calculate energy & chemical costs)
0.950
Note: Peak daily flow should be used for capital costs and average daily flow should be used for O&M costs
Most flow rates are limited to 1 to 200 MGD
1,292,630,400
897,660
2000
193,894,560
134,649
300
L/Sec.
0.00
4,380.79
4,611.35
L/Min.
L/day
0.0
262,847.2
276,681.3
0
378,500,000
gpm
0
69436.9
73,091.5
gph
0
4,166,215
4,385,490
gpd
MGD
0
99,989,169
105,251,757
398,421,053
gal/year
100.00
99.99
105.3
m3/day
m3/year
36,520,244,042
0
378,500
138,244,097
38,442,362,150
398,421.1
145,520,102
L/Sec.
L/Sec.
5,153.87
54.25
L/Min.
309,232.03
3,255.07
L/day
445,294,118
gpm
81,690.50
859.90
gph
4,901,429.85
51,594.00
gpd
117,634,316
1,238,256
MGD
L/Sec.
5,153.87
54.25
L/Min.
309,232.03
3,255.07
L/day
445,294,118
gpm
81,690.50
859.90
gph
4,901,429.85
51,594.00
gpd
117,634,316
1,238,256
MGD
0.00
43.81
46.11
L/Min.
L/day
0.0
2,628.5
2,766.8
0
3,785,000
gpm
gph
0.0
694.4
730.9
0
41,662
43,855
gpd
MGD
0
999,892
1,052,518
3,984,211
gal/year
1.00
1.00
m3/day
m3/year
365,202,440
0
3,785
1,382,441
1.1
384,423,621
3,984.2
1,455,201.0
117.63
gal/year
42,964,992,991
m3/day
445,294.12
m3/year
162,640,114.12
117.63
gal/year
42,964,992,991
m3/day
445,294.12
m3/year
162,640,114.12
{u}GAC
4611 L/s
12
28,273,633
{u}GAC
Alternative Units
73,099 gpm
6
59,763,158
Alternative Units
398,421 m3/day
3
79,684,211
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
378,500
138,244,097
99,989
36,520,244
m3/day
m3/year
kgal/day
kgal/year
Cost Parameter
Units
Alternative Units
Construction Cost
$/m3
$/kgal
$/yr
Operating Cost
$/m3
$/kgal
Intake
Process
3,785
1,382,441
1,000
365,202
Pre-Treatment
Ozone
Dose Rate (~5mg/L):
Contact Time (~2 min):
1.0
2.0
mg/L
min
Chlorination
Residual;
Calculated Dose Rate:
Alternative Dose Rate:
2.5
2.5
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Air Stripping
Residual;
Calculated Dose Rate:
Alternative Dose Rate:
2.5
2.5
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Microfiltration
Microfilter system equipment
Number of microfilter
Recovery
Memcor, 90M10C
103
0.98
5153.9
Primary Treatment
Gravity Filtration
Calculated Surface Area:
Alternative Surface Area:
Structure:
Backwashing:
Media
Rapid Sand
Coal/Sand
Coal/Sand/Garnet
Coal/GreenSand/Coal
2,120.45
Desalination
Stabilization
773.38
2,927.56
233,064
0.18
0.67
371,544
98.16
371.58
77,792
0.06
0.22
1
180
9857
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
62,355,748
164.74
0.05
2,670,491
0.02
0.07
$
$
$
74,243,293
156,931,146
209,241,528
$
$
$
196.15
414.61
552.82
$
$
$
742.51
1,569.48
2,092.64
$
$
$
17,655,788
23,668,969
26,132,532
$
$
$
0.13
0.17
0.19
$
$
$
0.48
0.65
0.72
$
$
11,921,849
5,647,058
$
$
31.50
14.92
$
$
119.23
56.48
$
$
670,324
59,945
$
$
0.00
0.00
$
$
0.02
0.00
$
$
$
$
1,797,258
1,797,258
2,546,115
2,995,430
8,059,211
21.29
80.60
$
$
$
150,352
234,071
319,042
$
$
$
0.00
0.00
0.00
$
$
$
0.00
0.01
0.01
(decimal)
L/sec
L/sec
81699 gal/min
gal/min
Bed Life
12
6
3
Months
Months
Months
Desalination
2,927,245
#REF!
Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration
Membrane Type
Number of elements
Operating Pressure
NaCl Rejection
Recovery
Target Product TDS
Blending? (Y or N)
Ratio (Blend:Product)
m2
m2
m2
m2
22825 ft2
106101 ft2
ft2
70
110
150
$
93,010,050
245.73
930.20
23,847,981
0.17
0.65
2,208,278
5.83
22.09
3,081,756
0.02
0.08
37,892,808
100.11
378.97
66,640,633
0.48
1.82
150,865
0.00
0.00
2,499,500
6.60
25.00
2,462,340
0.02
0.07
FilmTec
20139
1542
0.995
0.85
50
Y
9.5
elements
kPa
(decimal)
(decimal)
mg/L
224 lb/in2
Ion Exchange
Cation Equivalents/L Resin
$/m3 Cation Exchange Resin
Cation Resin Volume:
To Remove Cation Equivalents/L:
Anion Equivalents /L Resin
$/m3 Anion Exchange Resin
Anion Resin Volume
To Remove Anion Equivalents /L:
Run Cycle
20
$1,607
1,577
1.05E-04
11
$6,250
1,577
7.21E-03
1
3
1000
mg/L
Electrodialysis
Membrane Area:
Product TDS
Number of Stages (1 or 2)
Recovery per Stage
Recovery
0
500
2
0.5
0.75
m2
mg/L
stages
(decimal)
(decimal)
1.0
300
1.5
mg/L as Cl2
$/
mg/L
mg/L
300
0.9
$/
mg/L
mg/L
480,299
1.27
4.80
504,695
0.00
0.01
300
0.9
$/
mg/L
480,299
1.27
4.80
504,695
0.00
0.01
m3
45 ft3
56,324 ft3
m3
175 ft3
56,324 ft3
days
0 ft2
CO2
Outfall
De-Chlorination
Concentrate Disposal
De-Chlorination
Production Capacity
Average Daily Flow (for O&M)
Process
Alternative Dose
Disinfection
Chlorine
Residual;
Calculated Dose Rate:
Alternative Dose Rate:
Units
mg/L
3
4.1
1.0
6.0
2.0
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Ozone
Dose Rate (~5mg/L):
Contact Time (~2 min):
1.0
2.0
mg/L
min
2.5
%
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Alternative:
Calc Dose 37% HCl (mg/L)
Alternative:
Alum (dry feed)
Calculated Dose:
Alternative Dose:
Based on:
371,544
0.98
$/kgal
#VALUE!
2,927,245
7.73
$/yr
3.72
Operating Cost
$/m3
$/kgal
77,792
0.00
0.00
#VALUE! $
57,885
0.00
0.00
29.28
233,064
0.00
0.01
Conc LSI
0.62
99.0
7
Conc LSI
mg/L
0.32
w/Acid
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE! $
151,276
0.00
0.00
73.4
Conc LSI
mg/L
-1.43
w/Acid
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE! $
2,708,709
0.02
0.07
328
mg/L
mg/L
kg/hr
64
Dose Rate
98
Ferric Sulfate
Calculated:
Alternative:
Based on:
Dose Rate
259
128
16
mg/L
mg/L
kg/hr
mg/L
mg/L
kg/hr
1212
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
266
mg/L
1245
kg/day
Dose Rate
Y
6
0
AntiScalant
Suggested:
Alternative:
Based on:
Cost of Chemical
Dose Rate
0.5
Polyelectrolyte
Suggested:
Alternative:
Based on:
Cost of Chemical
Dose Rate
0.5
Potassium Permanganate
Calculated:
Alternative:
Based on:
Dose Rate
0
2
891
Clearwell
Below Ground Capacity:
Ground Level Capacity:
Daily Production:
Construction Cost
$/m3
-1.77
Dose Rate
655
Pumps
Single Stage Tubine
Variable Speed Turbine
Centrifugal, Singe Stage
Number of pumps:
Height differential:
Discharge pressure:
Full flow rate:
Basis flow rate
Pump Efficiency:
Pipe Diameter:
Motor Efficiency:
HP
Power consumption:
#VALUE!
Ferric Chloride
Calculated Dose
Alternative Dose
Based on:
Alternative Units
Chloramines
Residual:
Calculated Chlorine Dose:
Calculated Ammonia Dose:
Alternative Chlorine Dose
Alternative Ammonia Dose
Cost Parameter
m3/day
m3/year
kgal/day
kgal/year
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Acidification
Feed LSI (for TDS>5000)
Misc. Equipment
3,785
1,382,441
1,000
365,202
2.5
2.5
Chlorine Dioxide
Residual;
Calculated Dose Rate:
Alternative Dose Rate:
Distrib.
378,500
138,244,097
99,989
36,520,244
118
0
222.6
990
222.6
990
1
1
1750
5.154
5.154
75
0.1
87
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
kg/hr
kg/hr
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
$/500 lb
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
$/500 lb
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
pump(s)
m
kPa
m3/s
m3/s
%
m
%
141
282
36
118,587
0.31
1.19
198,162
0.00
0.01
163,393
0.43
1.63
371,823
0.00
0.01
74,547
0.20
0.75
260,653
0.00
0.01
445,537
1.18
4.46
140,350
0.00
0.00
455,307
1.20
4.55
780,776
0.01
0.02
240,456
0.64
2.40
106,016
0.00
0.00
164,315
0.43
1.64
182,717
0.00
0.01
164,315
0.43
1.64
182,717
0.00
0.01
94,662
0.25
0.95
1,309,257
0.01
0.04
$
$
$
9,003,237
4,748,362
1,728,164
$
$
$
23.79
12.55
4.57
$
$
$
90.04
47.49
17.28
22,789,633
0.16
0.62
lb/hr
lb/hr
lb/hr
2667
lb/day
5 - 150
2740
lb/day
259 lb/hr
0 lb/hr
490
490
1959
3.3
254
81699
81699
lb/day
lb/day
lb/day
ft
psi
gal/min
gal/min
3.94 in
111482
128140 kWhr
60,000
55,000
m3
m3
3,785 m3
15852
14531
1000
kgal
kgal
kgal
$
$
8,118,781
4,317,924
$
$
21.45
11.41
$
$
81.20
43.18
{d}Cost Index
Project Name
Model Development
Date
06/07/04
Month
November
Year
2006
November 2006
Used For
Desalination Costs
Ratio for 1995 (1913
basis)
2.78
2.81
1.46
0.91
4462.38 Housing
7449.82 Excavation and Sitework, Labor
2.59
3.02
1.44
1.30
2637.27
2637.27
94.42
40.40
2.08
2.08
1.96
2.57
1.19
1.19
1.17
1.43
2.33
1.00
0.0700 Power
Notes
References
ENR - Engineering News Record Construction Cost Index published monthly by McGraw Hill in New York City (212-512-2000)
See http://www.enr.com
http://www.enr.com/features/conEco/costIndexes/mostRecentIndexes.asp
2 EPA-600/2-79-162 "Estimating Water Treatment Costs"
3 DOE - Department of Energy "Electric Power Monthly"
Source of DOE data: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-826, "Monthly Electric Sales and Revenue Report with State Distributions Report."
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/table5_6_a.html
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm_sum.html
{e}H20 Analysis
Component
1/1/2000
Units
Secondary Eff
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Boron
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium, total
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Strontium
Zinc
Alkalinity-Bicarbonate
Alkalinity-Carbonate
Carbon Dioxide (aq)
Chloride
Cyanide, free
Fluoride
Nitrate (as N)
o-Phosphate
Sulfate
Silica
pH
pOH
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
Conductivity
Temperature
2.1000
40.0000
140.0000
180.00
0.75
7.91
150.00
7.60
7.54
6.46
500
22.00
23.00
11.75
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
pH
pOH
mg/L
mg/L
uS/cm
C
Valence
Charges
3
3
3
2
2
Molecular
Wt.
26.98
121.75
74.92
137.34
9.01
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
4
1
1
2
2
-1
-2
0
-1
112.41
40.08
52
63.54
55.85
207.19
24.31
54.94
200.59
58.71
39.1
78.96
107.87
22.99
87.62
65.37
61
60
44
35.45
-1
-1
-3
-2
19
14
94
96
1
-1
1
1
Equivalent
Weight
Moles/
Liter
Equiv./
Liter
Ionic
Strength
mg/L as
CaCO3
20.04
5.24E-5
1.05E-4
2.10E-4
5.24
39.10
1.02E-3
1.02E-3
1.02E-3
102.30
22.99
6.09E-3
6.09E-3
6.09E-3
608.96
61.00
30.00
2.95E-3
2.50E-5
2.95E-3
5.00E-5
35.45
2.95E-3
1.25E-5
1.80E-4
4.23E-3
4.23E-3
4.23E-3
295.08
1.25
17.98
423.13
1.00
1.00
2.88E-8
3.47E-7
2.88E-11
3.47E-10
2.88E-8
3.47E-7
0.00
0.03
500
-------
Page 20
{f}RO&NF Input
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
RO & NF INPUT
95.9
574 35.0853658537
7570
Process Input
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Flow & Water Quality
Primary Treatment Product Flow
Plant Production Flow
Feed TDS
Production TDS (target)
Percent of Mono-valent ions
Percent of Multi-valent ions
Average Molecular Weight
Allow Blending
Recovery Rate
Product TDS
Product Flow
NF/RO Feed Flow
Concentrate TDS
Concentrate Flow
Bypass flow for blending
% blending
Membrane Manufacturer Specifications
Membrane Manufacturer
Model #
Membrane Diameter
Productivity
Area per module
Operating pressure, Papp
Test solution TDS
Avg. MW of TDS,
Chloride Rejection
Sulfate Rejection
Recovery Rate
Temperature
NaCl dissociation constant
Cf, conc. of salt in feed water
Cp, conc. of salt in product water
Cr, conc. of salt in reject
Cm, bulk conc.
Osmotic pressure
Net driving pressure, NDP o
A, water transport coefficient
Operating pressure
Net driving pressure , NDPi
Cf, conc. of salt in feed water
Cp, conc. of salt in product water
Cr, conc. of salt in reject
Cm, conc. of
Temperature
Temperature Coefficient =1.023^(-25+T)
Osmotic pressure, P osm
Applied pressure, Papp
4795.5 L/s
4380.8 L/s
500
50
1.00
0.00
35.82
Y
0.85
3
3966.0
4665.9
3317
76019 gpm
69444 gpm
mg/L
mg/L
Decimal
Decimal
g/mol
Yes (Y) or No (N)
Decimal
mg/L
L/s
L/s
mg/L
699.9 L/s
414.75 L/s
9.5 %
11095 gpm
6575 gpm
FilmTec
BW30-400
20.32 (10.16 or 20.32 cm)
23 m3/day
37 m2
1550 kPa
1500 mg/L
58 mg/mmole NaCl
99.5 %
99.8 %
10 %
25 oC
0.99
26 mole/m
62870 gpm
73964 gpm
8.0 in
6.1 kgal/day
398 ft2
225 psi
0.995 decimal
0.998 decimal
77 oF
0.13 mole/m 3
29 mole/m3
1404 kpa
21 psi
203.753 psi
Lower Limit
Membrane & Unit Configuration
Membrane Capacity
Bypass
Total Capacity
342,666 m3/day
35,834 m3/day
378,500 m3/day
Element Productivity
Flux
Number of Elements
Number of elements per vessel
Number of Elements
Number of Pressure Vessels
Max Vessels per Skid
Number of Skids (manual input)
Number of Skids (automatic calc)
Recovery Rate
Building Area
Administrative Area
Odor Control?
Emergency Generatore Size
High Pressure Feed Pump
Pump Style
Height DIfference
Motor Efficiency
Pump Efficiency
Coupling Efficiency
17
0.46
20,137.0
7
20139
2877
60
m3 /day
m3/(m 2 * day)
elements
elements / vessel
elements
for 2:1 array
vessels / skid
skids
48 skids
0.85 Decimal
10934 m2
N
Y
PD
Y
css
53 mole/m 3
12 oC
0.740
138 kpa
20 psi
1542 kPa
224 psi
0.75
1.00
117692 ft2
1076 ft2
Interest Rate
0.14 $/kg
23.7
18
3
0.996
0.996
0.996
23
6
30
29.05
30
$/kg
$/kg 50%
Years
Test Solution
Site Concentrate
m3/module
per Year
$/hr
Years
6 %
20.32
40
37
1550
2000
20.32
23
27.7
5500
35000
20.32
41.6
37.2
1550
1500
Avg. MW of TDS,
Chloride Rejection
Sulfate Rejection
Recovery Rate
Temperature (oC)
58.44
99.5
99.8
15
25
58.44
99.1
99.8
10
25
58.4
99
99.8
15
25
310 kPa
0.258 m3/s
0.103 m2
163 hp
Y
CSS
Sufuric acid
224 psi
3890 gpm
Sodium Hydroxide
Antiscalant
Disinfectant
H2 PO4
HCl 37%
6.56 ft
45.0 psi
4085.0 gpm
1.11 ft2
Height DIfference
Length of Pipe
Motor Efficiency
2 m
10 m
0.94
Pump Efficiency
0.75
1.00
20
310 kPa
0.219 m3/s
0.088 m2
139 hp
Hydranautics
8040LHYCPA2
FilmTec
SW30-8040
9/24/2004
9/24/2004
NF
NF
Koch/Fluid Systems
Koch/Fluid Systems
Koch/Fluid Systems
DuPont
FS8822HR400 Prem
TFC-S4 (4920 S)
TFC-SR2 8" (8723 SR2-400)
6880T B-10 Twin
20.32
10.16
20.32
32.2
7.6
45.4
30.7
7.2
37.2
1550
552
380
2000
850
2000
58.4
99.7
99.9
10
25
13.12 ft
20
Coupling Efficiency
Number Pumps
Pressure Differential
Capacity per Pump
Pipe X-Sectional Area
Size
NaOH
Membrane Life
Ave Intrinsic Rejection
Ave Observed Rejection
Apparent Rejection
Productivity
Cleaning Rate
Staff Days/day
Labor Rate
Lifetime
0.07 $/kWh
VST or CSS
2 m
0.94
Pump Efficiency
Coupling Efficiency
Electricity Rate
Chemical Costs
Citric Acid
H2 PO4
4,496 gpd
11.29 gfd
0.098 m2
152.2 in2
528.3 hp
Yes (Y) or No (N)
error
error
0.60
0.00 This number is the efficiency of the energy recovery device - it reduces the size of the High Pressure pump
Yes (Y) or No (N)
Height DIfference
Motor Efficiency
Upper Limit
90,532,544 gpd
9,467,456 gpd
100,000,000 gpd
21
1542 kPa
0.245 m3/s
Pressure Differential
Capacity per Pump
203.753 psi
0.062 mole/m 3
93 mole/m3
100 m2
Yes (Y) or No (N)
0.7 MW
Yes (Y) or No (N)
4 m
0.95
0.90
1.00
Number of Pumps
Differential Pressure
Capacity per pump
Pump Style
27 mole/m 3
146 kpa
Applicable Range
Upper Limit
350
350
6.56 ft
32.81 ft
45.0 psi
3472.2 gpm
0.29 ft
Densities
1.84
g/mL
2.13
1.3
1
g/mL
g/mL
g/mL
1.7
g/mL
Cost
0.11
$/kg
0.14
$/kg
58.4
85
98.5
15
25
58.4
20
97
15
25
20.32
60.5
1810
6890
35000
58.44
99.1
99.8
35
25
Rowpu SW30M-6040
8040 HSY SWC
Rowpu SW30M-6040
8040 HSY SWC
15.24
20.2
8
23.5
4389.0
29.26
5500
5500
19000
32000
58.44
99
99
8
25
58.44
99.2
99.8
10
25
NF 90
BW30
90
95
8" size
99
99.5
8" size
{g}RO&NF Output
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
RO & NF OUTPUT
Estimating Construction Costs for NF90 Membrane Treatment Plant
Membranes
RO Skids
Building
Electrical
Insturmentation & Controls
$
$
$
$
$
10,069,500
20,542,736
17,124,107
5,634,062
4,843,764
Steel
Housing
Manf & Elect
Manf & Elect
$
$
$
$
3,955,456
1,518,818
1,212,889
Piping
Manf & Elect
Piping
Piping
Odor Control
Process Piping
Yard Piping
Cartridge Filters
Membrane Cleaning Equip
Contractor Engineering & Training
Concentrate Treatment & Piping
Generators
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
76,888
67,117
20,465
97,574
91,266
806,912
73,271
Sitework
Total Direct Capital Costs
$
$
7,144,179 Electrical
73,279,004
$
$
$
$
$
3,663,950
4,379,095
8,756,841
2,931,160
19,731,046
93,010,050
$
$
246
0.93
@
@
@
With Base of
$
$
$
$
add $300,000 for top of the $
500
5,000
1,076
977
65,000
$/module
$/Vessel
$/m2
$/m3
$100/ft2
base cost
68,878,199 kWhr
20,243,395 kWhr
17,206,886 kWhr
Piping
Piping
Piping
Maint Materials
Manf & Elect
Labor
Piping
Electrical
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
50,000
55,000
50,000
15,000
67,000
100,000
13 $/m3
0.7 MW
14.53 $/m3
5
6
12
4
27
% of Total
% of Total
% of Total
% of Total
References
Based on "Estimating the Cost of Membrane (RO or NF) Water Treatment Plants" By William B. Suratt, P.E., Camp Dresser & McKee Inc. Vero Beach Florida
Presented at the AWWA Membrane Technology Conference, Reno, NV, 1995. also published as "Estimating the cost of membrane water treatment plants."
base cost
base cost
base cost
base cost
From Reference
base cost
Concentrate
RO & Building
Electricity
Labor
Membrane Replacement
Cleaning Chemicals
Cartridge Filters
Repairs and Replacement
Insurance
Lab fees
Total O&M Cost
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
7,442,994
2,544,780
3,988,841
261,376
1,695,709
435,421
174,169
547,612
17,090,902
Capital Recovery
O&M
$
$
6,757,079
17,090,902
Annual cost
$/m3 Product
$/1000 gal Product
$
$
$
23,847,981
0.18
0.69
224.12
Total Costs
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
Recarbonation Basins
770
22
520
1,380
2,250
2,830
90
7,070
1,060
8,130
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
0.07
0.20
0.32
0.40
0.01
1.00
0.15
1.15
1375
39
620
1,860
3,010
3,800
130
9,420
1,410
10,830
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
0.07
0.20
0.32
0.40
0.01
1.00
0.15
1.15
1979 $
$80,000
Total
Polynomial (
Total)
$60,000
$40,000
$20,000
$0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
380
750
1500
3750
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Manufactured Equipment
Labor
Pipe & Valves
Housing
Subtotal
Micsellaneous & Contingency
Total
173
27,000
7,650
1,530
7,360
43,540
6,530
50,070
$
$
$
$
$
$
341
31,000
8,780
2,340
###
49,480
7,420
56,900
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
682
35,250
12,170
4,620
7,360
59,400
8,910
68,310
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1705
49,250
17,330
8,710
7,360
82,650
12,400
95,050
0.62
0.18
0.04
0.17
0.63
0.18
0.05
0.15
Percent of Subtotal
0.59
0.60
0.20
0.21
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.09
0.15
1.15
0.15
1.15
0.15
1.15
0.15
1.15
$200,000
$100,000
$0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
$
$
$
$
380
173
520 $
2,860 $
910
4,290 $
$/kWhr
$/hr Labor
0.03
10
0.12
0.67
0.21
1
750
341
728
3,300
###
4,938
0.15
0.67
0.18
1
$
$
$
$
1500
682
1,147
4,400
910
6,457
0.18
0.68
0.14
1
$
$
$
$
3750
1705
2,290
5,500
1,820
9,610
0.24
0.57
0.19
1
$25,000
$20,000
$15,000
$10,000
$5,000
$-
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Basin Volume
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
8800
249
1,790
5,190
8,320
10,240
680
26,220
3,930
30,150
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
17600
498
3,050
8,570
13,960
16,740
1,360
43,680
6,550
50,230
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
35200
997
5,570
15,320
25,240
29,730
3,360
79,220
11,880
91,100
nt of Subtotal
500
0.07
0.20
0.32
0.39
0.03
1.00
0.15
1.15
0.07
0.20
0.32
0.38
0.03
1.00
0.15
1.15
Total
Polynomial (
Total)
3000
7500
15000
0.07
0.19
0.32
0.38
0.04
1.00
0.15
1.15
Average
0.07
0.20
0.32
0.39
0.02
0.15
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
3409
73,000
28,990
16,940
8,450
127,380
19,110
146,490
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
6818
141,000
58,010
37,540
8,900
245,450
36,820
282,270
nt of Subtotal
7000
0.57
0.23
0.13
0.07
0.57
0.24
0.15
0.04
Average
0.60
0.21
0.09
0.11
0.15
1.15
0.15
1.15
0.15
1.15
7500
3409
4,428
7,700
1,820
13,948
15000
6818
8,549
10,000
2,730
21,279
8000
$
$
$
$
0.32
0.55
0.13
1
$
$
$
$
0.40
0.47
0.13
1
Average
0.23 Electricity Cost ($/kWhr)
0.60 ENR Materials Index
0.16 ENR Labor Rate ($/hr)
1.00
s a CO2 source
+ 3878.7452482663
000
ay)
6000
7000
8000
{i}Acid
Capital Calculations
NF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)
Dose by mass
Density
Percent solution
Dose by volume
(433.69)
(37.47)
7.00
1.841
0.96
0.0040
(0.1484)
O&M Calculations
NF/RO Feed flow (average daily flow)
96% H2SO4
Dose by mass
Density
Percent solution
Dose by volume
Dose Rate by volume
Acid Cost ($/ton):
37% HCL
-433.69
(37.47)
73.40
1.600
0.37
0.1240
O&M Cost:
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
(4.6461) m3/day
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.7
0.07
0.16
0.07
0
0
1.00
4,665.93
403.14
7.00
1.841
0.96
0.0040
1.5967
124
L/sec.
m3/day
mg/L
g/L
decimal
mL/L
37% HCL
4665.93
403.14
73.40
1.600
0.37
0.1240
49.9858
72
0.04
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
L/sec.
m3/day
mg/L
g/L
decimal
mL/L
m3/day
1,630
0.04 $
0.05 $
0.91 $
$
1.00 $
136
190
4,173
146,778
151,276
$
$
$
$
$
%
Materials
Energy
Labor
Chemical Cost $/yr:
November, 2006 O&M $:
1,227
1,720
37,723
2,668,039
2,708,709
Today's
Costs
6010.6
{j}IronCoag
Capital Calculations
NF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)
Fe2(SO4)3-7H2O
FeCl3 6H20
54
4687307
526.0
180
2.95
0.0
258.6
1,212.2
$150
Molecular weight
Bicarbonate Alkalinity:
Alternative dose
Calculated dose
Basis dose rate
Chemical Cost $/ton bulk
54
4687307
270.2
180
2.95
0.0
265.7
1,245.4
$1,420
Fe2(SO4)3-7H2O
Capital Cost:
164,585
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
328,850
89,611
9,948
17,128
445,537
24,704
0.07 $
0.09 $
0.84 $
$
1.00 $
3,599
5,188
58,357
73,206
140,350
%
Manufactured & Electrical Equipment
Housing
Excavation, Site Work & Labor
Piping and Valves
Steel
Concrete
November, 2006 Capital Cost $:
0.72
0.21
0.02
0.05
0
0
1.000
O&M Cost:
%
Materials
Energy
Labor
Ferric Sulfate Cost $/yr:
November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:
10613
0.319
0.000393
1260926
0.00001394
{j}IronCoag
Units
L/sec.
L/day
g/mol
mg/L
mmoles/L
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
FeCl3 6H20
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
336,061
91,576
10,166
17,503
455,307
$
$
$
$
$
$
Today's
Costs
Today's
Costs
{k}Alum
Capital Calculations
Al2(SO4)3-18H2O
NF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)
Molecular weight of Alum
Cost $/100 lbs.
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
54
195
666.41
15
180
2.95
0
0
0.492
328
64
64
Alternative dose
Alternative dose rate
Calculated Alum Dose Rate (6 mmol/mmol HCO3)
Calculated dose
Calculated dose rate
Basis dose rate
Capital Cost:
Units
L/sec
3
m /hr.
g/mol
per 100 lbs
mg/L
mmoles/L
mg/L
kg/hr
mmoles/L
mg/L
kg/hr.
kg/hr.
$
Lower Limit
4
Upper Limit
2300 Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)
%
Manufactured & Electrical Equipment
Housing
Excavation, Site Work & Labor
Piping and Valves
Steel
Concrete
November, 2006 Capital Cost $:
0.46
0.03
0.04
0.47
0
0
1.00
O&M Cost:
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
61,701
3,760
5,843
47,283
118,587
Today's
Costs
%
Materials
Energy
Labor
Alum Cost:
November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:
0.17 $
0.03 $
0.8 $
$
1.00 $
1,671
331
10,625
185,535
198,162
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
4
2300 Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)
Today's
Costs
128
2
0
0
128
Capital Cost:
kg/hr.
mg/L
kg/hr.
kg/hr.
$
%
Manufactured & Electrical Equipment
Housing
Excavation, Site Work & Labor
Piping and Valves
Steel
Concrete
November, 2006 Capital Cost $:
0.71
0.15
0.12
0.02
0
0
1.00
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
106,388
41,375
15,005
625
163,393
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
4
2500
Construction Cost Equations (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)
Today's
Costs
O&M Calculations
Units
Liquid Alum dose rate
Multiplier between dry and liquid
Alternative dose
Alternative dose rate
128 kg/hr.
2
0 mg/L
0 kg/hr.
128 kg/hr.
O&M Cost:
%
Materials
Energy
Labor
Alum Cost:
November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:
0.04 $
0.59 $
0.37 $
$
1.00 $
198
272
283
371,069
371,823
Today's
Costs
Alum Feed
Capital Cost
General Form: A*X^(B)*e^(C*X)
A=
B=
C=
Dry Feed
12333.4
0.3205
0.000515
Liquid Feed
13223.3
0.285
0.000377
Dry Feed
Liquid Feed
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
4
2500
{k}Alum
{L}PACl
Capital Calculations
Al6(OH)12Cl6
Primary Treatment Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)
MW of PACL
Cost $/100 lbs.:
Alternative dose rate
46
166
596.66
80
0
0
180
2.95
98
0.164
16
16
Bicarbonate Alkalinity:
PACl Dose Rate
PACl Dose Rate (18:1 HCO3:PACl)
Calculated dose rate
Basis dose rate
1978 Capital Cost:
0.46
0.03
0.04
0.47
0
0
1.00
Units
L/sec.
m3/hr.
g/mol
per 100 lbs.
mg/L
kg/hr
mg/L
mmoles/L
mg/L
mmoles/L
kg/hr.
kg/hr.
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
38,787
2,363
3,673
29,723
74,547
$
0.17 $
0.03 $
0.8 $
$
1,275
252
8,107
251,020
1.00
260,653
Alum Feed
Capital Cost
General Form: A*X^(B)*e^(C*X)
Dry Feed
12333.4
0.3205
0.000515
Liquid Feed
13223.3
0.285
0.000377
A=
B=
Dry Feed
1205293
0.000019433
Liquid Feed
-6880.7
-0.000659
C=
-1202070
8700
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
Today's
Costs
Materials
Energy
Labor
Alum Cost:
A=
B=
C=
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
4
Today's
Costs
{L}PACl
Applicable Range
Upper Limit
2300
{m}De-Cl2
Na2SO3
SO2
445,294
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.47
0
654.6
0.0
300 $
0.9
0
400.8
0.0
300 $
0.9
0
400.8
0.0
300
0.72
0.19
0.04
0.01
0
0.04
1.00
$ 922,114
$ 1,842,438
$ 454,246
$ 111,474
$
19,192
$
$
72,149
$ 2,499,500
$
11,633
0.24 $ 460,617
0.1 $ 215,160
0.66 $ 1,711,491
$
75,072
1.00 $ 2,462,340
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
177,192
354,039
87,287
21,421
3,688
13,864
480,299
$
6,879
$
88,511
$
41,345
$ 328,877
$
45,963
$ 504,695
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
177,192
354,039
87,287
21,421
3,688
13,864
480,299
$
6,879
$
88,511
$
41,345
$ 328,877
$
45,963
$ 504,695
Polymer Feed - Yes I know - This is a place holder equiation. I need to find out how these chemical injection systems differ fro
Capital Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
A=
11760.71
B=
0.00665
C=
8200
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)
A=
B=
3000.8
0.00207
{m}De-Cl2
Chemical options:
m3/day
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
0.5
100
$/ton
{n}CL2
Units
Production Flow
Alternative Units
4,380.79 L/sec.
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Total:
Desired Residual
Cl2 needed
2.50 mg/L
2.50 mg/L
0.00 mg/L
946.25 kg/day
Alternative Dose
Basis
Cl2 Cost
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
137,974
199,102
135,936
25,019
11,487
371,544
$
0.18 $
0.18 $
0.64 $
$
1.00 $
27,196
10,189
11,422
48,947
7,234
77,792
0.52
0.38
0.06
0.04
0
0
1.00
680.75
0.763
11010
47.6
0.89
6000
0.00E+00
0.00E+00
0.00E+00
0.00E+00
0.00E+00
3.52E-02
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
3.52E-02
mMoles/L
NHCL
Data from water analysis.
Production Flow to be treated
Units
4380.79 L/sec.
Alternative Units
Chromium (Cr):
Copper (Cu):
Iron (Fe):
Manganese (Mn):
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
3.00 mg/L
5.84E-2 mMoles/L
Cl2 needed/L:
4.14 mg/L
0.99 mg/L
5.84E-2 mMoles/L
5.84E-2 mMoles/L
Ammonia Needed/L:
Calculated Cl2 Dose
1568.49 kg/day
2.15 kg/day
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
mMoles/L
20
375.55
757.00
757.00
200
per ton
kg/day
kg/day
kg/day
per ton
1665.4 lbs/day
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
General Form: A*X^B + C
110
2300
Capital Cost
A= 42-44)
Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure
B=
C=
#VALUE!
$57,885
680.75
0.763
11010
O&M Cost
A=
B=
C=
Chlorine Feed
1978 Capital Cost:
Manufactured & Electrical Equipment
Housing
Excavation, Site Work & Labor
Piping and Valves
Steel
Concrete
November, 2006 Capital Cost $:
4500
Chlorine
Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure
1-3) storage and feed with Cylinder storage
2.15 kg/day
0.00E+0
0.00E+0
0.00E+0
0.00E+0
47.6
0.89
6000
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
12,230
16,489
10,844
2,036
957
30,326
%
0.18 $
0.18 $
0.64 $
$
1.00 $
16
16
O&M Cost:
A*e^(B*X) +C
A=
B=
C=
Ammonia Feed
1978 Capital Cost:
Manufactured & Electrical Equipment
Housing
Excavation, Site Work & Labor
Piping and Valves
Steel
Concrete
November, 2006 Capital Cost $:
0.66
0.09
0.15
0.1
0
0
1.00
$
0.4 $
0.06 $
0.54 $
$
1.00 $
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
12,776
57,869
57,869
3849.2
mg/L
-0.000035
-28063
-2.41E-4
36160
{p} Ozone
4380.79
262847
1
378.50
2
525.7
22067
2,927,245
233,064
Units
L/s
L/min
mg/L
kg/day
min
m3
Alternative Units
69444 gpm
832.7 lbs/day
18565.4 ft3
kWh
Note: Ozone requirements (ozone demand) are based on water quality analysis outside of this program
Ozone Generator:
Contact Chamber:
Ozone Requirements:
378.50 kg/day
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
4
1800
Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 11-13)
0.81
0.03
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
$ 972,674
$2,186,391
$ 75,656
$ 470,344
$
$
$
$2,732,391
0.11
0.77
0.12
1.00
$ 98,627
$ 22,580
$ 177,200
$ 33,283
$ 233,064
18631.2
0.674
-0.000121
%
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.31
0.19
1.00
1771.4
0.5967
1700
$ 72,735
$
$
$ 109,912
$
$ 57,911
$ 27,032
$ 194,855
{q}LimeFeed
Volume Treated
5154 L/sec.
Purity
Units
2.1
0.0
180.0
0.8
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Alternative Units
0.1 mmoles/L
0.0 mmoles/L
3.0 mmoles/L
0.0 mmoles/L
Lime
Requirement
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.72
5.0
6.4
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
18554 m3/hr.
118 mg/L
$
$
60
160
0.0
0.0
Basis Lime:
Basis Soda:
mg/L
per ton
kg/hr.
kg/hr.
117.8 kg/hr
0.0 kg/hr
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
88,611
172,131
57,435
5,356
5,533
240,456
$
0.06 $
0.09 $
0.85 $
$
1.00 $
15,124
1,889
3,176
36,151
64,799
106,016
0.7
0.25
0.02
0.03
0
0
1.00
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
4
4500 Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure
4
4500
Updated from
EPA-600/2-79-162b, Aug. 1979
{q}LimeFeed
Mg
Soda Ash
Requirement
0.58
Ratio
Limit
eq
mg/L
Ca
1
0.00
0.00
0.0
Mg
0.0 mg/L
Ratio
eq
mg/L
0.0 mg/L
Ratio
eq
mg/L
1.80
100
0.09
100
11.4
19
8,493
18,684
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
HCO3+CO2
1
0.05
2.1
Ca
1
0.000
0.0
Ca(OH)2
4
Ca
1
0.00
0.0
Mg
0 mg/L
HCO3+CO2
1
2
5.94
362.1
Ca(OH)2
1
0.00
0.0
Na2CO3
Ca(OH)2
If Ca and/or Mg are in excess of Alkalinity, then add soda ash
1 1*mg+1*Ca
1*Mg
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
mol/m3
g/mol Calcium Carbonate
g CaCO3 /m3 treated
g sludge/m3 treated assuming 30% solids
kg sludge per day
lbs sludge per day
{q}LimeFeed
{r}Antiscalent
Volume Treated
Alternative dosage rate (default = 0.5 mg/L):
Basis Polymer Feed
American Water Chemicals $/500 lb.:
5,154
0
222.6
500
Polymer Feed
Capital Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
A=
B=
C=
Units
L/sec.
mg/L
kg/day
per 500 lbs.
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
59,895
126,323
29,505
7,241
1,247
164,315
$
0.1 $
0.24 $
0.66 $
$
1.00 $
4,758
990
2,664
8,830
170,232
182,717
0.76
0.19
0.04
0.01
0
0
1.00
11760.71
0.00665
8200
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)
A=
B=
3000.8
0.00207
Alternative Units
445,294
{s}PolyElectrolyte
Volume Treated
Alternative dosage rate (default = 0.5 mg/L):
Basis Polymer Feed
American Water Chemicals $/500 lb.:
5154
0
222.6
500
Polymer Feed
Capital Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
A=
B=
C=
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)
A=
B=
Units
L/sec.
mg/L
kg/day
per 500 lbs.
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
59,895
126,323
29,505
7,241
1,247
164,315
$
0.1 $
0.24 $
0.66 $
$
1.00 $
4,758
990
2,664
8,830
170,232
182,717
0.76
0.19
0.04
0.01
0
0
1.00
11760.71
0.00665
8200
3000.8
0.00207
Alternative Units
445,294
{t}KMnO4
Feed/Product Flow
Mn 2+
Fe 2+
Calculated KMnO4 Dose:
Alternative dosage rate
Basis KMnO4
KMnO4 $/lb (hopper trucks):
Permanganate Feed
Capital Cost
General Form: A*X^B*e^(C*X)
A=
B=
C=
5154
0.00
0.00
0.000
2
890.6
1.9
Units
L/sec.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
kg/day
per lb.
0.66
0.19
0.05
0.1
0
0
1.00
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
35,277
64,612
17,378
5,331
7,342
94,662
$
5,600
0.03 $
350
0.05 $
653
0.92 $
14,488
$ 1,293,766
1.00 $ 1,309,257
9681.7
0.0304
0.00122
O&M Cost
General Form: A*e^(B*X)+C
A=
B=
C=
-2125.9
-0.01689
5600
Alternative Units
445,294 m3/day
{v}Clearwell
15852 kgal
60000 m3
%
0.02
0.13
0.3173
0
0.2753
0.25695
1.00
$512
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
3,169,927
175,936
1,068,429
3,039,822
2,241,342
1,593,252
8,118,781
Data from EPA-600/2-79-162b, August 1979, pg453-454. They are used in determining cost formula.
{v}Clearwell
14531 kgal
55000 m3
%
0.6891
0.13
0.01
0.07066
0.044
0.0569
1.00
$297
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,628,817
3,114,799
548,995
49,227
239,546
184,068
181,289
4,317,924
{w}GravityFilt
Units
Desired Flow Rate
Temperature
Total Suspended Solids
Wash Cycle
TSS Density
Media Depth
5153.87
53.15
22.0
24
35
1.2
L/s
oF
mg/L
hr
g/L*
m
110
2,544.54
2,120.45
0.00
1.56
13.93
6
L-TSS/m3*
m3
m2
m2
m
Alternative Units
81721 gpm
1.31 yd
3328.26
4156.08
0.00
1.7
yd3
yd2
yd2
yd
gpm/ft2
min.
times per day
2.2 gpm/sqft
$
$
$
540
540
1,620
$
$
$
699 $/m3
699 $/m3
2,098 $/m3
$/yd3 Garnet
1,215
1,573 $/m3
$/yd3 Sand
$
$
$
$
$
$
17,568,907
1,797,258
1,797,258
2,546,115
2,995,430
730,268
{w}GravityFilt
Gravity Filter
Backwashing Pump
What is relationship of BW pump to filter area
for min and max calcs
Filter area (m2):
Actual
2,120.45
2,150,536
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
4,117,857
454,960
1,074,241
5,647,058
%
$
0.24 $
0.52 $
25,105
12,540
30,460
0.24 $
1.00 $
16,944
59,945
Labor
November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:
0.69
0
0.07
0.24
0
0
1.00
36000
1254.21
-0.1212
73.3
0.75
2200
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit18000
13
260016000
Actual
2,120.45
4,625,190
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
3,337,171
2,158,515
3,075,255
2,214,120
593,953
542,835
11,921,849
$
0.12 $
0.36 $
262,655
65,601
220,630
0.52 $
1.00 $
384,092
670,324
0.26
0.18
0.22
0.23
0.05
0.06
1.00
%
35483.4
0.591
0.000162
359.5
0.8568
8100
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
30
{w}GravityFilt
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
50
100
200
f(x) = 53.377411897 x^0.7006642414
R = 0.9941239156
300
500
1000
1500
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2000
1600
1800
2000
2300
2600
Column R
Power
(Column R)
2500
3000
2800
{x}UFSCC
4380.79
180
4.8
9856.8
0
9856.8
Units
L/sec
min.
m
m2
m2
m2
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,921,679
4,183,673
2,587,194
825,425
462,918
8,059,211
$
0.17 $
0.23 $
0.6 $
$
G=70
58,325
20,637
31,301
98,413
150,352
0.516
0
0.293
0
0.11
0.081
%
1978 O&M Cost:
Materials
Energy
Labor
November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:
Alternative Units
69444 gpm
%
$
0.14 $
0.38 $
0.48 $
$
a
62801.114
132264.71
b
416.77163
244.33215
a
5967.9519
5806.5744
5939.8245
b
5.3118202
8.80491
12.384121
G=110
92,595
26,981
82,101
124,989
234,071
%
$
0.11 $
0.5 $
0.39 $
$
G=150
128,007
29,307
149,342
140,393
319,042
{y}IX
Ion Exchange
Regeneration/Backwashing Pump
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
Actual
Production Flow to be treated
Equiv/L , CATION >+1
Equiv/L , ANION
Service Flow Rate :
Cation Equivalents/Liter of Resin
Anion Equivalents/Liter of Resin
Desired Run Cycle:
Medium:
Min Volume:
Time until exhaustion of min volume:
Resin for desired Run Cycle:
Resin Expansion Coefficient
Total Vessel Volume
Nominal Resin Price $/m3
Resin Cost:
Vessel:
Aspect ratio:
Bed area :
Base pressure vessel correlation:
Number of Vessels (Reality check)
(446 kPa/ 50 psig)
log($) = b + m*log(m^3)
Cost factor for operating pressure:
Tank cost at base pressure:
4380.79
1.05E-04
7.21E-03
20
20
11
1
Anion
788.5
788.5
397.6
3.2
788.54
788.54
2
2
1,577
1,577
$1,607
$6,250
1,267,299 $ 4,928,385
m3
days
m3
m3
Height is 31.8 m
b=
m=
$
$
3.446
0.562
2
174,786
349,572
Units
150 kg/m3
236,563 kg
$0.02 per kg
820,280
10 percent
2,366 m3
591,406
Chemical concentration:
Regeneration fluid req'd :
Units
Pumping
Height DIfference
Pipe Diameter
Length of Pipe
Efficiency
Number Transfer Pumps
Pressure Differential
Capacity per Pump
Size
49.61
13
0.69
0.00
0.07
0.24
0.00
0.00
1.00
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
97,922
187,501
20,716
48,914
257,131
0.24
0.52
0.24
1.00
$
$
$
$
$
3,570
1,783
4,332
2,410
8,525
0.57
0.01
0.03
0.43
0.00
0.00
1.04
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
0.24
0.52
0.24
1.00
$
$
$
$
$
2600
4 height/dia
49.61 m2
Filter area (m ):
Applicable Range
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
16
40
Cation
L/s
equiv/L
equiv/L
L/(hr*L resin)
equiv/L
equiv/L
days
32
0.51
10
78
1
200
5.154
6512.9
m
m
m
kPa
m3/s
hp
Alternative Units
9 lb/ft3
521,526 lb
$0.01 per lb.
625 kgal
Alternative Units
80,000 gallon
100,000 gallon
104.3 ft
1.7 ft
32.8 ft
29.0 psi
81,699 gpm
319,000.00
333,000.00
{z}MF-P input
Process input
Design MF product flow rate
Design MF product flow rate
Design MF product flow rate
Design MF product flow rate
Design MF product flow rate
Plant availability (%)
Membrane Module equipment cost
Cost per membrane
modular system flow rate
Flow per module
No. membranes per module
Pump efficiency
Motor efficiency
Design feed pressure
Backflush pressure
Backwash Flow
Backwash intervals
Backwash and backflush duration
99,989,169
100.0
69437
4380
378,459
95
211,500
$650
675
7.5
90
80
93
30
29
600
15
0.1
Units
gpd
MGD
gpm
L/s
m3/day
Alternative Units
Alternative Units
Lower Limit
Upper Limit
0.01
378,459,004
L/day
%
90M10C
gpm
gpm
%
%
psi
psi
gpm
minutes
minutes
42.6 L/s
207
200
37.9
900
6
kpa
kpa
L/s
second
second
0.972 MGD
0.07
0.43
200
1.168
12
10
3
4380.3
4351.1
908.4
99.3
1519
9,429,856
62,866
103
9270
49995
576
0.0104 days
0.0001 days
$/kWh
$/L
mg/L
%
Years
Units
L/s
L/s
L/hr
%
hp
kwh
kwh
ft2
Alternative Units
69430 gpm
68966 gpm
4 gpm
4645 m2
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
21,784,500
6,025,500
4,999,464
7,210,000
1,089,225
1,143,686
2,287,373
44,539,748
$
$
$
$
$
2,672,000
8,908,000
4,454,000
1,782,000
17,816,000
62,355,748
@
@
@
@
211500
650
100
70000
5
5
10
6
20
10
4
$ each
$ each
$/ft2
1076 $/m2
$/90M10C
% of Module Cost
% of Module and misc.
% of Module and misc.
Electricity
Labor
Chemicals (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Membrane Replacement
Cleaning Chemicals(NaOCl)
Repairs and Replacement and Misc.
Total O & M Cost
% of Total direct
% of Total direct
% of Total direct
% of Total direct
Total costs
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
664,491
254,000
215,000
603,000
43,000
891,000
2,670,491
0.9961
0.996
340669241.xls
0.9959
Pure water permeability (m /s)
Feed Flow (m3/s)
Transmembrane pressure (Pa)
Area (m2)
Channel height dh(m)
3
Cf (mol/m3)
Density (kg/m3)
Viscosity (Pa s)
a (Pa m3mol-1)
Diffusivity of NaCl (m2/s)
2.66E-04
2.66E-03
1,550,000
37
3.97E+00
3.97E+01
1,404,096
551245
1.00E-05
1.00E-05
25.68
1000
0.001
4908
1.20E-09
13.96
1000
0.001
4908
1.20E-09
0.9958
0.9957
0.9956
0.9955
0.9954
0.9953
1
Pv/tm (m3m-2s-1Pa-1)
4.64E-12
5.12E-12
Average Uc (m/s)
Schmidt Number
Reynolds Number
a
b
c
k (m/s) for laminar flow in flat channel
1.44E+01
838
143
0.875
0.250
0.065
3.23E-03
1.44E+01
838
143
0.875
0.250
0.065
3.23E-03
A
A
A
B
B
B
A and B
Ra Test
0.00
0.0910
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.00
0.0911
0.996
0.9955
0.9956
0.9956
0.9956
0.9956
0.9956
0.9956
0.9956
28.5895
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
2.83E+01
Cp (mol/L)
0.1144
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
1.13E-01
Cr (mol/L)
28.5261
28.2444
28.2472
28.2472
28.2472
28.2472
28.2472
28.2472
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
6.55E-06
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Cw (mol/L)
Jv Theoretical (m3m-2s)
Exp (Jv/k)
{bb}Rejection
Ri
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
What is purpos
Show dp or dia
other
2.3 m/sec
100 m
Concentrate Flow
Pipe Diameter
dP
0.70
0.62
0.37
99.9
900
Two equations,
given to calcul
diameter size.
m3/sec
m
m
kPa
$/m
$90,025
Length
2.3
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
0.815
0.849
0.881
0.911
0.941
0.970
0.998
1.026
1.052
0.264
0.251
0.239
0.229
0.220
0.212
0.204
0.197
0.191
dP2 kPa
4.496
1.422
1.005
0.821
0.711
0.636
0.580
0.537
0.503
0.474
0.450
0.429
0.410
0.394
0.380
0.367
0.355
0.345
0.335
0.326
0.318
0.260
0.225
0.201
0.184
0.170
0.159
0.150
0.142
0.136
dP (Kpa)
10.000
1.000
0.100
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
Diameter (m)
0.800
1.000
0.130
0.125
0.120
0.116
0.112
0.109
0.106
0.103
0.101
Versions
Eq III
Alt
0.800
1.000
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
7/6/2000
TDS
Production Flow
Capital Cost
$
Total Power
Membrane Replacement
$
WATER RECOVERY
Staff days/day
All cost numbers are only within +,- 15%
1000 mg/l
105.25 mgd
35,326,384
22.8 kWh/Kgal
5,049,026
75%
3
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
58,171,969
31,810
5,049,026
105,252
2,024,874
176,632
70,653
1,010,417
66,640,633
Total Costs
35,326,384
Capital Recovery
2,566,423
Annual cost
$/m3 Product
$/1000 gal Product
$/acre foot Product
69,207,056
$0.50
$1.90
$617.99
500
{ee}ED2
First Stage
Input from Interface
Production Flow to be treated
Flow Rate
Feed TDS
Product TDS
Average Equivalent Weight:
Percent Recovery:
Production Data
Delta N eq/m3:
Desal Ratio:
Value:
Units
4380.79 L/sec.
15771 m3/Hr.
500 mg/L
500 mg/L
35.55
0.5
0.470
0.470
Cl-:
0.470
0.470
Transport effieciency:
Sum of Anion & Cation Efficiency.
Area/membrane pair Asahi is 0.85 m^2
Dilute side resistance "Rd"
Concentrate side resistance "Rc"
Membrane resistance "Rm"
Total resistance Rt = (Rd+Rc+Rm):
Current density
Current Efficiency:
Membrane Voltage Potential "Vm"
Voltage per cell Vc = Rt*CD+Vm:
0.940
Membrane Requirements
Total Membrane Area
Number of cell pairs:
0.850
0
0
0.070
0.070
30
0.860
Membrane Replacement
Membrane Cost/m2:
0.00
1.00
Membrane Characteristics
Transport efficiencies Sum<=1.00
Insert rows after Na+ or Clto add more ion efficiencies.
Na+:
Energy Requirements
Power requirements
Pumping energy requirements
Total
Sample Values:
0.400
25.00
15
Capital Recovery
System lifetime, r (yr)
Downtime, Dt (%)
Annual interest rate, i (%)
1.65
0.07
29.05
0.2
1
30
0.05
6
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,249
16,965
82,201
100,415
0.400
m2
(ohms/cm)/cm2
(ohms/cm)/cm2
(ohms/cm)/cm2:
amps/m2
0.860
30 - 300
volts/pair
0.021
0.00 kWhr/m3:
0.17 kWhr/m3
64345 kWh/day
1.000
0.17
0 m2
0
{ee}ED2
Second Stage
Input from Interface
Flow Rate
Flow Rate
Feed TDS
Product TDS
Ave Equivalent Weight:
Percent Recovery:
Production Data
Delta N
Desal Ratio:
Value:
2576.9
9277
500
500
35.55
0.50
0.00 equiv/m3
1.00
Membrane Characteristics
Transport efficiencies Sum<=1.00
Insert rows after Na+ or Clto add more ion efficiencies.
Na+:
0.470
0.470
Cl-:
0.470
0.470
Transport effieciency:
Sum of Anion & Cation Efficiency.
Area/membrane pair Asahi is 0.85 m^2
Dilute side resistance "Rd"
Concentrate side resistance "Rc"
Membrane resistance "Rm"
Total resistance Rt = (Rd+Rc+Rm):
Current density
Current Efficiency:
Membrane Voltage Potential "Vm"
Voltage per cell Vc = Rt*CD+Vm:
0.940
Energy Requirements
Power requirements
Pumping energy requirements
Total
Membrane Requirements
Total Membrane Area
Number of cell pairs:
Sample Values:
L/sec
m3/hr.
mg/L
mg/L
0.850
0
0
0.070
0.070
30
0.860
0.650
0.671
1.65
$0.07
29.05
0.2
1
0.400
0.400
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,249
848
48,353
50,450
0.860
30 - 300
volts/pair
0.00 kWhr/m3
0.17 kWhr/m3
37850 kWh/day
1.000
0.17
0 m2
0
Total
Total capital cost (1st and 2nd stage)
$100.00
15
Capital Recovery
System lifetime, r (yr)
Downtime, Dt (%)
Annual interest rate, i (%)
m2
(ohms/cm)/cm2
(ohms/cm)/cm2
(ohms/cm)/cm2
amps/m2
Membrane Replacement
Membrane Cost/m2:
Membrane Life Expectancy (yrs):
$0
30
0.05
6
{ee}ED2
Suggested Values
$
100.00
15
1.65
0.08
15.00
0.2
1
15
15
10
{ee}ED2
Suggested Values
100
15
1.65
0.08
15
0.2
1
15
15
10
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
Pumps
Number of pumps:
Height differential:
Discharge pressure:
Full flow rate:
Basis flow rate
Pump Efficiency:
Velocity (m/s)
Motor Efficiency:
HP
Power consumption:
Units
pump
m
kPa
m3/s
m3/s
%
m/s
%
1
100
1750
5.15
5.15
75
2.4
87
24251
20795 kW
328.1
254
81,699
81,699
ft
psi
gal/min
gal/min
8 ft/sec
PD
VST
Cent
3 - 300 HP
3 - 500 HP
3 - 1200 HP
7,275,306
3,016,431
234
1,727,931
1,727,931
1,727,931
4,000
$9,003,237
$4,748,362
$1,728,164
Operating Costs
Power Cost $/year
Lubrication ($/L oil)
Cooling water ($/m3 water)
Maintenance (hr/Hp)
Alternative Units
12,113,659
59,483
9,559,752
1,056,738
$22,789,633
Source: "Pump Handbook" Karassik, Krutzsch, Fraser and Messina pg (9-66)
0.7
0.075
1.5
Required Information
Plant life expectancy, n
Annual Interest Rate, i
Annual fixed-charge rate, AFC
Present-worth factor, PWF
Captial-recovery factor, CRF
Operating factor, OF
Annual levelized cost, ALC
30
6%
10
13.76
0.073
0.95
$0
6.31E-05
6.31E-04
3.15E-03
6.31E-03
6.31E-02
1.26E-01
3.15E-01
1
10
50
100
1000
2000
5000
235.9613
235.613
234.065
232.13
197.3
158.6
42.5
Chart Title
250
f(x) = - 0.0387x + 236
R = 1
200
150
100
50
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
gal/min
Linear
(gal/min)
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
5
148
7.91 Calculated from alkalinity & pH
2.88E-08
500
3317
35
Alkc=
979
Ionic Strengthf =
0.01
Ionic Strengthc =
pCa
pAlk
pHs =
0.05
4.28
2.55
S&DSIf
9.21
-1.67
pCac
3.46
pAlkc
1.70
pHsc =
7.66
Alkc/CO2
123.85
pHc =
8.34
S&DSIc
For the Concentrate Stream with Acid
Guess mg H2SO4
0.68
Alk C acid
972
879
CO2 acid
14
97
73.40
68.4
9.1
pHc acid
pAlk
pHs =
8.09
1.70
7.24
1.75
7.67
7.71
pHc =
8.09
7.24
S&DSI (c adjusted)
0.42
-0.48
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
5
148
500
7.54
12
7.54
8
4.28
2.55
2.48
9.31
-1.77
0.85
0.995
Concentrate Values
Cac
Alkc
TDSc
CO2c
pHc
pCac
pAlkc
"C"
pHs
LSIc
Acidification
Guess mg/L Acid
Alk acid
Product Values
Cap
Alkp
TDSp
CO2p
pHf
pCap
pAlkp
"C"
pHs
LSIp
35
979
3319
7.91
8.34
3.46
1.70
2.56
7.72
0.62
H2SO4
HCl
7.0
140.4
46.94
CO2 acid
14.2
96.73
Alkf/CO2
9.88
0.49
7.3
6.00
pHf acid
pAlk
pCa
"C"acid
2.58
4.28
2.22
3.46
2.48
2.56
pHs =
9.34
8.23
-2.07
-3.31
931.94
311.59
65.58
3.22
pHc =
8.06
6.80
pAlkc
1.72
2.22
"C"c
2.56
2.56
pHs
7.74
4.77
LSIc
0.32
-1.43
LSIf
Alkc acid
Alkc/CO2
Product Stabilization
Guess mg/L
Alkstab
Caustic Soda
Soda Ash
Lime
99.16% NaHCO3
98% NaOH
90% CaO
2.1
100 0.015105
3
95
CO2 stab
5.6
-33.1
7.9
Alkstab/CO2stab
0.6
-2.9
0.1
6.1
4.2
6.5
Err:502
2.8
6.5
5.4
4.9
5.9
145
2.3
2.4
2.3
13.1
11.7
13.1
LSIstab
-7.0
Err:502
-7.7
Ca stab
pAlk
pCa
TDS stab
"C"stab
Product Values
0
1
3
7.91
5.37
6.51
4.86
2.29
13.66
-8.29
20
15
10
5
A=
B =- 0.0207*Temp + 2.491
Incomplete
Calcium
Hydraded Lime
93% Ca(OH)2
Hypochlorite
0.0666
Gas
CO2(g)
1.00
95
7.9
7.9
8.9
-33.09
0.1
0.1
0.2
-2.9
5.4
4.9
6.0
5.4
4.9
6.5
5.6
4.5
6.5
Err:502
2.8
6.5
118
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
13.2
13.7
13.4
11.7
-7.8
-8.3
-7.8
Err:502
x = TDS in mg/L
C (45) = 0.0368Ln(x) + 1.5825
C (40) = 0.0371Ln(x) + 1.6678
C (35) = 0.0383Ln(x) + 1.7581
C (30) = 0.0372Ln(x) + 1.865
C (25)= 0.0372Ln(x) + 1.965
C (20) = 0.0372Ln(x) + 2.0658
C (15) = 0.037Ln(x) + 2.1775
C (10) = 0.0362Ln(x) + 2.2963
C (5) = 0.0377Ln(x) + 2.412
A
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
40
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.83
1.86
1.88
1.9
1.93
1.96
1.98
45
1.68
1.69
1.71
1.72
1.74
1.77
1.79
1.81
1.85
1.87
1.89
1.75
1.78
1.79
1.81
1.84
1.86
1.88
1.90
1.92
1.95
1.98
1.64
1.67
1.69
1.70
1.73
1.76
1.77
1.79
1.82
1.84
1.88
0.9871
0.987
0.9923
0.9785
0.9785
0.9811
0.9854
0.9862
0.9882
C (x) = A Ln (x) +B
1.5825
0.0371
1.6678
0.0383
1.7581
0.0372
1.865
2.5
0.0372
1.965
0.0368
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2.5
0.0372
0.037
2.0358
2.1775
0.0362
2.2963
0.0377
2.412
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.037189
B =- 0.0207*Temp + 2.491
R2 = 0.9983
10
15
20
25
Temperature
C (x,T)= 0.0372*Ln(x)-0.0209*T+2.499
TDS Factor
ge this to a goal seek equation
1.22
0.8
30
35
2.9
2.7
100
1000
10000
7103333x + 2.4910916667
56101
0.0385
0.038
0.0375
0.037
0.0365
0.036
0.0355
0.035
5
Logarith
mic (5)
10
15
20
25
30
Logarith
mic (30)
35
40
45
Logarith
mic (45)
7103333x + 2.4910916667
56101
20
25
Temperature
30
35
40
45
50
B
Linear (B)
A
0.0385
0.038
0.0375
0.037
0.0365
0.036
0.0355
0.035
00
5
Logarith
mic (5)
10
15
20
25
30
Logarith
mic (30)
35
40
45
Logarith
mic (45)
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
Temp
Ionic Strength
50
40
1.5
2.27
2.57
2.7
2.8
2.82
2.85
2.85
2.82
2.81
2.8
1.7
2.45
2.77
2.92
3.04
3.1
3.1
3.09
3.09
3.08
3.05
0.634
0.6053
0.6061
0.615
0.5679
0.576
0.5466
x2
-2.5651
-2.508
-2.5612
-2.5826
-2.4127
-2.4149
-2.2635
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
x3
30
K
1.85
2.65
2.95
3.14
3.25
3.32
3.33
3.32
3.3
3.28
3.24
x
3.2205
3.2522
3.3709
3.3744
3.1941
3.1519
2.9032
25
1.97
2.75
3.07
3.25
3.36
3.42
3.44
3.42
3.4
3.38
3.35
a
1.5931
1.7809
1.9387
2.0527
2.2134
2.3873
2.616
11.75
0.01
(.0016*T+.5528)I +(.0002T^2-.0142T-2.2695)*I2+(-.0004T^2+.0266T+2.9
2.3788520254
3
11.75
0.05
(.0016*T+.5528)I3+(.0002T^2-.0142T-2.2695)*I2+(-.0004T^2+.0266T+2.9
2.504296137
20
10
2.12
2.9
3.18
3.35
3.47
3.5
3.55
3.54
3.52
3.49
3.45
2.3
3.05
3.35
3.5
3.6
3.65
3.68
3.68
3.65
3.62
3.6
2.52
3.25
3.5
3.63
3.7
3.75
3.78
3.78
3.75
3.72
3.7
3.5
3
r2
0.9738
0.9821
0.9813
0.9832
0.9771
0.9784
0.9681
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Ionic Strength
1.4
1.6
4
3
2
1
0
-1
10
20
30
40
-2
-3
50
60
x
L
x
P
(
x
P
(
a
L
-2
-3
)*I2+(-.0004T^2+.0266T+2.9072)I+(-.0206T+2.598)
)*I2+(-.0004T^2+.0266T+2.9072)I+(-.0206T+2.598)
a
L
pCa
5
4
3
2
1
1
1.2
Strength
1.4
1.6
1.8
al (50)
40
30
25
20
10
0
Polynomi
al (0)
50
6682x^3 - 5.3422931235x^2 + 4.3314005439x + 1.5291608392
Polynomi
4
3
2
1
0
1
50
60
x3
Linear (x3)
x2
Polynomial
(x2)
x
Polynomial
(x)
a
Linear (a)
10
100
1000
a
Linear (a)
pH vs Alk/CO2
Fig 3 D 4582 1998 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Volume 11.02
pAlk
1
10
100
1000
10000
x) = -0.4342944819 ln(x) + 5
x) = -0.4386374267 ln(x) + 4.73
=1
Alk
Logarith
mic (Alk)
Ca
10
100
1000
10000
MO Alk/CO2
Expressed as mg/L CaCO
pH of Water
5.3
0.098
5.4
0.12
pH vs A
5.6
0.19
5.8
0.305
10
6
0.5
6.2
0.775
8
6.4
1.25
f(x) = 0.4
R = 0.9
6.6
2
6
6.8
3.2
7
5
4
7.2
8
2
7.4
13
7.5
17
0
7.6
21.5
0.01
0.1
7.8
34
M
8
54
8.2
100
pH=0.423 Ln(Alk/CO
8.3
1000
pH of Water
4.75
3.7
2.7
1.7
0.7
.01
pH vs Alk/CO2
0.1
1
MO Alk/CO2
10
100
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
UV
Units
Volume treated:
Power consumption per lamp:
Alternative power consumption per lamp:
Lamp replacement time:
Alternative lamp replacement time:
Required UV lamps:
Lamp replacement cost:
Annual lamp replacements:
Annual power consumption:
Required annual labor hours:
69437
0.05
0.00
1.0
0.0
4907
$48.00
4907
2,149,266
834
gal/min
kW
kW
year
year
lamps
per lamp
lamps
kWh
hours
Units
Capital cost:
Annual lamp replacement cost:
Annual power cost:
Annual labor cost
Total annual operating cost:
data from Irvine Moch, 5/2/2000
$2,009,031
$235,536
$150,449
$24,219
$410,204
Alternative Units
99,989,169
12
0
Alternative Units
Alternative Units
gal/day
months
months
Alternative Units
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
Alternative Units
1,892,700
500,000 gallons
$
0.901 $
0.089 $
0.010 $
$
546,043
603,206
62,239
6,881
672,326
b
1.0864
Alternative Units
liters
Project Name
Model Development
Date
Stage
06/07/04
A1
Microfiltration / Ultrafiltration
Units
Production Flow to be treated
O&M Cost2
$ = a*x^b
99.99 mgd
$
$
$
$
$
$
50,374,732
62,915,209
62,915,209
$
0.13 $
0.12 $
0.75 $
$
3,083,396
514,167
359,730
2,839,634
3,713,531
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
%1
Alternative Units
69437
2.4914
b
-0.3471
1.0451
b
-0.5462
1 from Oneby, Nordgren, and Ericson, Membrane Microfiltration As A Cost Efective Solution For A Small Utility
AWWA Membrane Conference Proceedings, 2001
from Elarde & Bergman, The Cost of Membrane Filtration for Municipal Water Supplies,
AWWA Membrane Conference Proceedings, 2001
2
Alternative Units
gpm
{gg}StdAnalyses
Brackish 1
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Boron
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Strontium
Zinc
Alkalinity-Bicarbonate
Alkalinity-Carbonate
Carbon Dioxide (aq)
Chloride
Cyanide
Flouride
Nitrate (as N)
o-Phosphate
Sulfate
Silica
pH
pOH
Solids (TDS)
Total Suspended Solids:
Conductivity
Temperature
0.050
0.001
100.000
0.010
0.050
0.050
0.005
35.000
0.550
Brackish 2
Brackish 3
Hi Brackish
Seawater
0.35
0.01
3.30E-04
0.0983
0.03
6.00E-07
182
0.023
0.09
0.019
0.006
85
0.0811
110
637
80
283
4.78
10
131
175.8
2.71
815
5
3284
15
189.00
125.00
163.00
13
560
13.7
811
44.8
6545
300.000
17.000
7.620
0.31
10.7
0.37
231
11.9
7.39
1100
12
7.2
680
18
6.8
905.000
1.000
1560.000
25.000
1453
1.3
2758
25
3070
1
5232
25
11757
1
19604
25
1.800
0.005
0.005
110.900
1.300
0.050
232.000
0.000
10.100
95.000
0.640
1.000
Municipal
1.10E-04
406
5.00E-05
3.00E-03
0.01
3.00E-05
1.29E+03
2.00E-03
3.00E-05
5.40E-03
385
9.00E-05
3.00E-04
10741
14
0.01
144.00
0.5
2.50E+00
19333
1.3
0.5
0.07
2688
Secondary Eff
2nd Eff RO
Perm
0.0029
0.0025
0.2230
0.1300
22.2
64.0000
1.1000
7.3
0.03
24.0000
0.0285
0.004
2
0.005
14.3000
1.3000
25
0.61
0.02
25
62.5000
0.2600
0.0593
345.00
3.1500
2.7
71.7
55.00
5.30
0.11
0.0005
0.5
0.04
20
10
7.2
35005
1
54534
25
184
1
362
25
0.30
12.50
3.70
39.50
27.00
7.50
6.50
425
790.00
25.00
11.60
16.60
1.22
6.80
7.20
18
25.00
25.00