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Lecturer: Nguyen Duc Hoang
Chapter 4:
PLC Ladder Diagrams for Sequencing Systems
Commonly used industrial
Sequencing chart
Cascade
method
Examples
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Sequencing chart
Sequence charts (also called time-motion diagrams, state diagram,
or bar charts) are useful for visualizing the operation of switching
systems.
They can be used to describe the step-by-step operation of relay
systems, pneumatic systems, or any other type of switching systems.
Sequencing chart
Example: Control two double acting cylinders using 5/2 solenoid
valve with return spring and two limit switches.
Sequence: START, A+,A-,B+,B-
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Sequencing chart
Example: (cont.) START, A+,A-,B+,B-
charts
Cascade
Huffman
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Cascade method
The various steps of the sequence are divided into groups according to
the following rule:
a new group must be started the moment it becomes necessary to shut
off any output signal actuated during the presently active group.
In other words, any output signal is permitted to remain actuated as
long as the group it belongs to remains active
Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems without Sustained Outputs
Example: consider the given machine sequence having 3 pneumatic
double acting cylinders and having a machine cycle given as follows
START, A+, A-, B+, C+, B-, C-.
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Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems without Sustained Outputs
Example: (cont.) sequence can be divided into three groups such
that no letter is repeated in any group and given as follows
Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems without Sustained Outputs
Example: (cont.)
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Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems with Sustained Outputs
Example: control sequence of 3 cylinders with 5/2 ways directional
valve with spring return and having a machine cycle given as follows
START, A+, A-, B+, C+, B-, C-.
Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems with Sustained Outputs
Example: (cont.)
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Cascade method
Single Path Sequencing Systems
Practice: control sequence of 4 cylinders as follows and simulate using
Unity Pro
START, A+, B+, C+, C-, A-, D+, A+, D-, B-, A-
Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems
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Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems
Example: control sequence with two parallel paths
Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems
Example: (cont.)
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Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems
with option repeat certain steps
Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems with option repeat certain steps
Example: control sequence with option repeat certain steps
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Cascade method
Multi Path Sequencing Systems
with option repeat certain steps
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
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PRACTICE PROBLEMS
Bottle-filling system
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