Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ISIS is a link-state IGP protocol. It gathers routing information from adjacent neighbors and uses the
SPF algorithm to determine the best paths to destinations.
I wouldnt like to focus on the theory because you can find it in many sources.
Lets configure ISIS protocol based on the following topology:
Configure IP addresses of physical and loopback interfaces on all routers (it is omitted here):
<1> dis ip interface brief
Interface
Ethernet0/0/8
LoopBack0
IP Address/Mask
10.0.0.1/30
1.1.1.1/32
Physical
up
up
Protocol
up
up(s)
IP Address/Mask
10.0.0.2/30
20.0.0.1/30
10.0.2.2/30
2.2.2.2/32
Physical
up
up
up
up
Protocol
up
up
up
up(s)
IP Address/Mask
10.0.2.1/30
30.0.0.1/30
3.3.3.3/32
Physical
up
up
up
Protocol
up
up
up(s)
IP Address/Mask
40.0.0.1/30
20.0.0.2/30
30.0.0.2/30
4.4.4.4/32
Physical
up
up
up
up
Protocol
up
up
up
up(s)
IP Address/Mask
40.0.0.2/30
5.5.5.5/32
Physical
up
up
Protocol
up
up(s)
It should be noted at this point that routers 1, 2 and 3 are in area 10 and routers 4 and 5 in area 20.
Additionally you should remember about hierarchical structure of ISIS. In our case router 1 works as
level-1, routers 2 and 3 work as level-1-2 (by default) and routers 4 and 5 as level-2. Level-1 is an
equivalent of the stub area in OSPF. Level-1 routers have only a defult route to external destinations.
[1]isis
[1-isis-1]is-level level-1
[2]isis
[2-isis-1]is-level level-1-2
[3]isis
[3-isis-1]is-level level-1-2
[4]isis
[4-isis-1]is-level level-2
[5]isis
[5-isis-1]is-level level-2
0020.0200.2002.02-00
0020.0200.2002 - source ID
02 - pseudonode ID
00 - LSP number
Level-1 router:
Level-1-2 router:
Level-2 router:
IPV4 Destination
IntCost
ExtCost ExitInterface
NextHop
Flags
------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.0.0.0/0
10
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/10.0.0.0/30
10
NULL
Eth0/0/8
Direct
D/-/L/20.0.0.0/30
20
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/30.0.0.0/30
30
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/3.3.3.3/32
20
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/2.2.2.2/32
10
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/10.0.2.0/30
20
NULL
Eth0/0/8
10.0.0.2
A/-/-/1.1.1.1/32
0
NULL
Loop0
Direct
D/-/L/Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,
U-Up/Down Bit Set
A default route must exist in the Level-1 routing table and the next hop is a Level-1-2 router.
[2]dis isis route
Route information for ISIS(1)
----------------------------ISIS(1) Level-1 Forwarding Table
-------------------------------IPV4 Destination
IntCost
ExtCost ExitInterface
NextHop
Flags
------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.0.0.0/0
10
NULL
10.0.0.0/30
10
NULL
Eth2/0/0
Direct
D/-/L/20.0.0.0/30
10
NULL
GE0/0/0
Direct
D/-/L/30.0.0.0/30
20
NULL
GE0/0/1
10.0.2.1
A/-/L/3.3.3.3/32
10
NULL
GE0/0/1
10.0.2.1
A/-/L/2.2.2.2/32
0
NULL
Loop0
Direct
D/-/L/10.0.2.0/30
10
NULL
GE0/0/1
Direct
D/-/L/1.1.1.1/32
10
NULL
Eth2/0/0
10.0.0.1
A/-/L/Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,
U-Up/Down Bit Set
ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table
-------------------------------IPV4 Destination
IntCost
ExtCost ExitInterface
NextHop
Flags
------------------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.0.0/30
10
NULL
Eth2/0/0
Direct
D/-/L/20.0.0.0/30
10
NULL
GE0/0/0
Direct
D/-/L/30.0.0.0/30
20
NULL
40.0.0.0/30
20
NULL
GE0/0/0
20.0.0.2
A/-/-/3.3.3.3/32
10
NULL
2.2.2.2/32
0
NULL
Loop0
Direct
D/-/L/10.0.2.0/30
10
NULL
GE0/0/1
Direct
D/-/L/5.5.5.5/32
20
NULL
GE0/0/0
20.0.0.2
A/-/-/1.1.1.1/32
30
NULL
4.4.4.4/32
10
NULL
GE0/0/0
20.0.0.2
A/-/-/Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,
U-Up/Down Bit Set
5.5.5.5/32
0
NULL
Loop0
Direct
D/-/L/1.1.1.1/32
30
NULL
Eth0/0/8
40.0.0.1
A/-/-/4.4.4.4/32
10
NULL
Eth0/0/8
40.0.0.1
A/-/-/Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,
U-Up/Down Bit Set
A Level-2 router must have all Level-1 and Level-2 routes. We can see it better in IP routing tables:
[1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14
Routes : 14
Destination/Mask
Proto
Pre
Cost
0.0.0.0/0
1.1.1.1/32
2.2.2.2/32
3.3.3.3/32
10.0.0.0/30
10.0.0.1/32
10.0.0.3/32
10.0.2.0/30
20.0.0.0/30
30.0.0.0/30
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
127.255.255.255/32
255.255.255.255/32
ISIS-L1
Direct
ISIS-L1
ISIS-L1
Direct
Direct
Direct
ISIS-L1
ISIS-L1
ISIS-L1
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
15
0
15
15
0
0
0
15
15
15
0
0
0
0
10
0
10
20
0
0
0
20
20
30
0
0
0
0
Flags NextHop
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
10.0.0.2
127.0.0.1
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet0/0/8
LoopBack0
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
[2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20
Routes : 20
Destination/Mask
Proto
Pre
Cost
1.1.1.1/32
2.2.2.2/32
3.3.3.3/32
4.4.4.4/32
5.5.5.5/32
10.0.0.0/30
10.0.0.2/32
10.0.0.3/32
10.0.2.0/30
10.0.2.2/32
10.0.2.3/32
20.0.0.0/30
20.0.0.1/32
20.0.0.3/32
30.0.0.0/30
40.0.0.0/30
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
127.255.255.255/32
255.255.255.255/32
ISIS-L1
Direct
ISIS-L1
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
ISIS-L1
ISIS-L2
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
15
0
15
15
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
15
0
0
0
0
10
0
10
10
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
20
0
0
0
0
Flags NextHop
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
10.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.0.2.1
20.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
10.0.0.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.0.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
20.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.0.2.1
20.0.0.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet2/0/0
LoopBack0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Ethernet2/0/0
Ethernet2/0/0
Ethernet2/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
[5]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16
Routes : 16
Destination/Mask
1.1.1.1/32
2.2.2.2/32
3.3.3.3/32
4.4.4.4/32
5.5.5.5/32
10.0.0.0/30
10.0.2.0/30
Proto
Pre
Cost
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
Direct
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
15
15
15
15
0
15
15
30
20
20
10
0
30
30
Flags NextHop
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
LoopBack0
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
20.0.0.0/30
30.0.0.0/30
40.0.0.0/30
40.0.0.2/32
40.0.0.3/32
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
127.255.255.255/32
255.255.255.255/32
ISIS-L2
ISIS-L2
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
15
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.1
40.0.0.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
Ethernet0/0/8
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
ISIS cost for all interfaces is 10 by default. It can be changed manually by isis cost command.
Some other useful maintenance commands:
[1]dis isis peer verbose
Peer information for ISIS(1)
System Id
Interface
Circuit Id
State HoldTime Type
PRI (priority for
DIS election)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------0020.0200.2002 Eth0/0/8
0020.0200.2002.03 Up
9s
L1
64
MT IDs supported
Local MT IDs
Area Address(es)
Peer IP Address(es)
Uptime
Adj Protocol
Restart Capable
Suppressed Adj
Peer System Id
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
0(UP)
0
10
10.0.0.2
03:04:27
IPV4
YES
NO
0020.0200.2002
Total Peer(s): 1
[1]display isis interface verbose
Interface information for ISIS(1)
--------------------------------Interface
Id
IPV4.State
IPV6.State
MTU Type DIS
Eth0/0/8
001
Up
Down
1497 L1/L2 No/No
Circuit MT State
: Standard
Description
: HUAWEI, AR Series, Ethernet0/0/8 Interface
SNPA Address
: 00e0-fc03-2b68
IP Address
: 10.0.0.1
IPV6 Link Local Address
:
IPV6 Global Address(es)
:
Csnp Timer Value
: L1
10 L2
10
Hello Timer Value
: L1
10 L2
10
DIS Hello Timer Value
: L1
3 L2
3
Hello Multiplier Value
: L1
3 L2
3
LSP-Throttle Timer
: L12
50
Cost
: L1
10 L2
10
Ipv6 Cost
: L1
10 L2
10
Priority
: L1
64 L2
64
Retransmit Timer Value
: L12
5
Bandwidth-Value
: Low 100000000 High
0
Static Bfd
: NO
Dynamic Bfd
: NO
Fast-Sense Rpr
: NO
Interface
Id
IPV4.State
IPV6.State
MTU Type DIS
Loop0
001
Up
Down
1500 L1/L2 -Circuit MT State
: Standard
Circuit Parameters
: passive
Description
: HUAWEI, AR Series, LoopBack0 Interface
SNPA Address
: 0000-0000-0000
IP Address
: 1.1.1.1
IPV6 Link Local Address
:
IPV6 Global Address(es)
:
Csnp Timer Value
: L12
10
Hello Timer Value
:
10
DIS Hello Timer Value
:
Hello Multiplier Value
:
3
Cost
Ipv6 Cost
Retransmit Timer Value
LSP-Throttle Timer
Bandwidth-Value
Static Bfd
Dynamic Bfd
Fast-Sense Rpr
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
L1
L1
L12
L12
Low
NO
NO
NO
0
0
5
50
L2
L2
0
0
High
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Smaller LSP
Invalid Sysid
Illegal IS Type
Incorrect Checksum
Bad Auth Count
Bad Nbr TLV
Bad IF Addr TLV
Bad Inter Domain TLV
Bad TLV Length
Bad Area TLV
Unknown Adjacency
Bad Version
Bad Ext Reach TLV
Bad TE Sub TLV
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
In this post I focused only on basic ISIS configuration. This protocol is widely used among ISPs. I will
spend more time in the future to show you more functions and ISIS configuration examples.