Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah kalimat yang di dalam Bahasa Indonesia

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

PRESENT
V1

Be
Am/Is/Are

Am/Is/Are (continuous)
Have/Has (Perfect)
Have/Has + been (Perfect
Continuous)
PAST
- (Simple)

Ving
V3
Ving

Am/Is/Are
Have/Has
Have/Has + been

Being
Been
Being

V2

Be
Was/Were

Was/Were (continuous)
Had (Perfect)
Had + been (Perfect
Continuous)
PRESENT FUTURE
Will/Shall (Simple)
Will/Shall+be
S
(Continuous)
Will/Shall+have (Perfect)
Will/Shall+have+been(Pe
rfect Continuous)
PAST FUTURE

Ving
V3
Ving

Was/Were
Had
Had + been

Being
Been
Being

V1
Ving

Will/Shall
Will/Shall+be

Be
Being

V3
Ving

Will/Shall+have
Will/Shall+have+be
en

Been
Being

V1
Ving

Would/Should
Would/Should+be

Be
Being

(Simple)

Would/Should (Simple)
Would/Should+be
(Continuous)

Would/Should+have
V3
Would/Should+have
Been
(Perfect)
Would/Should+have+been(
Ving
Would/Should+have+
Being
Perfect Continuous)
been
menggunakan kata kerja berawalan di (dipanggil, ditulis,dijual dan sebagainya). Pola ini
berlaku untuk semua tenses yang ada. Tentu saja To Be dalam kalimat harus disesuaikan
dengan tenses dan subjek yang dipergunakan.

V
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V
3

V
3

V
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TENSES

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

1.

Simple Present

Once a week, Tommy cleans the Once a week, the class is cleaned
class.
by Tommy.

2.

Simple Past

Sam repaired
morning.

3.

present Continuous

Right now, Sari is writing a Right now, a composition is

composition.
being written by Sari.

4.

Past Continuous

5.

Present Perfect

The salesman was helping the The customer was being helped
customer when I came.
by the salesman when I came.
My classmates have visited that That castle has been visited by
castle many times.
My classmates many times

6.

Past Perfect

7.

Present Perfect
Continuous
Past Perfect
Continuous

8.

the

car

last The car was repaired by Sam

last morning.

Jhon had repaired many cars Many cars had been repaired by
before he had his own workshop.
Jhon before he had his own
workshop.
Recently, John has been studying Recently, English has been
English seriously.
studying seriously by John.
Randy had been preparing this This research had been being
research for two years before he prepared by Randy for two
moved to Paris.
years before he moved to Paris.

9.

Simple Future
WILL

Sunny will finish the project The project will be finished by

tomorrow.
Sunny tomorrow.

10.

Simple Future BE
GOING TO
Future Continuous
WILL

Sally is going to make a beautiful

gown tonight.
At 7:00 PM tonight, John will be
doing the homework.

12.

Future Continuous
BE GOING TO

At 7:00 PM tonight, John is going

to be doing the homework..

13.

Future Perfect
WILL

They will have finished the book

before the deadline.

14.

Future Perfect BE
GOING TO

They are going to have finished

the book before the deadline.

15.

Future Perfect
Continuous
WILL

The actor will have been teaching

us for over six months by the time
we finish.

16.

Future Perfect
Continuous
WILL

The actor is going to have been We are going to have been

teaching us for over six months by being taught by t he actor for
the time we finish.
over six months by the time we
finish.

11.

A beautiful gown is going to be

made by Sally tonight.
At 7:00 PM tonight, the
homework will be being done by
John.
At 7:00 PM tonight, the dishes
are going to be being done by
John.
The book will have been
finished by them before the
deadline.
The book is going to have been
finished by them before the
deadline.
We will have been being taught
by t he actor for over six months
by the time we finish.

 PASSIVE (1) ( is done was done)

A. Study this example : The office is cleaned every day. The office was cleaned everyday.
Compare active and passive:
Somebody cleans the office every day. (active)
The office is cleaned every day.(passive)
Somebody cleaned the office yesterday, (active)
The office was cleaned yesterday. (passive)

B. The passive is :

Past participle :
Present simple :

am/is/are
Not)

Past simple

was/were

cleaned
invented
injured +
done
taken etc.

The past participle of regular verbs is -ed (cleaned/damaged etc.).

Example :
Butter is made from milk.
Oranges are imported into Britain.
How often are these rooms cleaned?
I am never invited to parties.
This house was built 100 years ago.
These houses were built 100 years ago.
When was the telephone invented?
We weren't invited to the party last week.
'Was anybody injured in the accident?''Yes, two people were taken to hospital.

C. was/were born
I was born in Berlin in 1989. {not Iam born)
'Where were you born?In Cairo.
D. passive + by ... . .
The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876.
I was bitten by a dog a few days ago.

EXERCISES
I. Write sentences from these words. Some of the sentences are questions.
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Sentences 1-7 are present. '

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

II.

(the office / clean / every day)

The office is cleaned everyday
(these rooms / clean / every day?)
Are these room cleaned everyday
(glass / make / from sand).............................................
(stamps / sell / in a post office).....................................
(this room / not / use / very often).................................
(we / allow / to park here?)............................................
Sentences 8-15 are past.
7. (the office / clean / yesterday)
The office was cleaned yesterday
8. (the house / paint / last month).....................................
9. (my bicycle / steal / a few days ago)..............................
10. (three people / injure / in the accident).........................
11. (when / this bridge / build?)..............................................
These sentences are not correct. Correct them.
1 This house build 100 years ago.
This House was built
2 Football plays in most countries of the world...................................................
3 Why did the letter send to the wrong address? ................................................
4 A garage is a place where cars repair. ..............................................................
5. How many languages are speaking in Switzerland?.........................................

III.
Complete the sentences. Use the passive (present or past) of these verbs:
clean damage give make show take
1. The room is cleaned every day.
2. I saw an accident yesterday. Two people were taken to hospital.
3. Paper............................ from wood.
4. There was a fire at the hotel last week. Two of the rooms...........................
5. 'Where did you get this picture?It..............................to me by a friend of mine.
6. Many American programmes.......................................................................on British television.

Answer Key :
I.
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3. Glass are made from sand

4. Stamps are sold from in post office.
5. This room isn't used very often
6. Are we allowed to park here?
8. The house was painted last month
9. My bicycle was stolen a few days ago
10. Three people were injured in the accident
11. when was this bridge built?
II.
2. Football is played in most countries of the word.
3. Why was the letter sent to the wrong address?
4. A garage is a place where cars are repaired
5. How many languages are spoken in Switzerland?
III,
3. Paper is made from wood
4. There was a fire at the hotel last week. Two of the rooms were damaged
5. Where did you get this picture? it was given to me by a friend of mine.
6. Many American programmes are shown on British television.

PASSIVE (2) ( been/being done)

A. Infinitive
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active : (to) do/clean/see etc. Somebody will clean the room later.
passive: (to) be done/cleaned/seen etc. The room will be cleaned later.

The situation is serious. Something must be done before it's too late.

A mystery is something that can't be explained.

B. Perfect infinitive
active: have done/cleaned/seen etc. Somebody should have cleaned the room.
passive: have been done/cleaned/seen etc. The room should have been cleaned.
I haven't received the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong address.
If you hadn't left the car unlocked, it wouldn't have been stolen.
There were some problems at first but they seem to have been solved.
C. Present perfect
active: have/has (done). The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it.
passive: have/has been (done). The room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
Have you heard the news? The President has been shot!
Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
D. Past perfect
active: had (done). The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it.
passive: had been (done). The room looked nice. It had been cleaned.
The vegetables didn't taste very good. They had been cooked for too long.
The car was three years old but hadn't been used very much.
E. Present continuous
active: am/is/are (do)ing. Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment.
passive: am/is/are being (done). The room is being cleaned at the moment.
There's somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed.
(Can I help you, madam?) (No, thank you. I'm being served.)
F. Past continuous
active: was/were (do)ing. Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived.
passive: was/were being (done). The room was being cleaned when I arrived.
There was somebody walking behind us. We were being followed.

EXERCISES

I. Fill in the blank use the present continuous (is/are being ...) or the present perfect (has/have
been ...).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

(the office / clean) The office is being cleaned

(the shirts / iron) The shirts....................................................
(the window / break) The window..........................................
(the roof / repair) The roof......................................................
(the car / damage) The car......................................................
(the houses / knock / down) The houses................................

II. Use the words in brackets(..). to complete the sentences.

1. I can't use my office at the moment. It being painted (paint).
2. We didn't go to the party. We weren't invited (not/invite).
3. The washing machine was broken, but it's OK now. It.......... (repair).
4. The washing machine...................(repair) yesterday afternoon.
5. A factory is a place where things...............................(make).
6. How old are these houses? When.............................(they/build)?
7. I've never seen these flowers before. What..........................................(they/call)?
III. Put the verb into the most suitable passive form.
1. There's somebody behind us. I think we ______ ( follow ).
2. A mystery is something that ______ ( can't/explain ).
3. We didn't play football yesterday. The match ______ ( cancel ).
4. The television ______ ( repair ). It's working again now.
5. The church tower ______ ( restore ). The work is almost finished.
6. 'How old is the tower ?' 'It ______ ( believe ) to be over 600 years old.'
7. If I didn't do my job properly, I ______ ( would/sack ).
8. I learnt to swim when I was very young. I ______ ( teach ) by my mother.
9. After ______ ( arrest ), I was taken tot he police station.
10. Two people ______ ( report ) to ______ ( injure ) in an explosion at a factory in Birmingham
early this morning.

Answer Key :
I.
2. The shirts have been ironed.
3. The window has been broken.
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4. The roof is being repaired now.

5. The car has been damaged.
6. The houses are being knocked down at present.
II.
3. has been repaired
4. was repaired
5. are made
6. were they built
7. were they built
8. are they called
III.
1. Are being followed
2. Cant be explain
3. Was cencelled
4. Has been repaired
5. Is being restored
6. Is believed
7. Would be sacked
8. Was taught
9. Being arrested
10. Are reported / have been injured

PASSIVE (3)
A. PASSIVE VOICE WITH TWO OBJECTS:

Passive voice also known as passive sentences with two objects are active sentences that contains
a direct and indirect object.
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When there are two objects in an active sentence, there are two possible active sentences and two
possible passive sentences.

Sentence 1: The professor gave the students the books.

Sentence 2: The professor gave the books to the students.

There are two objects in each of the following sentences:
Normally the indirect object is a person, were the direct object are things.

Object 1 = indirect object the students

Object 2 = direct object the books

B. Passive with to be born

There are certain events in life, in which the receiver of the action cannot perform the action, and
therefore it does not have both an active and passive verb that can be used to describe them.
Passive Voice: He was born in China.
Active Voice: His mother bore him in China.
The sentence in the passive voice sounds good. The second sentence in the active voice sounds
really, really bad. Sometimes only the passive voice is used when speaking or writing, and this is
why it's so important to understand.
EXAMPLES:
I was born in 1976.(not Iam born)
C. GET
GET + PAST PARTICIPLE

Get is often used instead of be in the passive voice in informal spoken English
Examples:
1. He and his girlfriend are going to get married this summer.
2. When did that old building get built?
When you use "get" to make the passive voice and the verb is negative, don't forget to add "do"
or "did" for the present tense and the past tense:
1. He gets paid on Friday. / He doesn't get paid on Monday.
2. She got hired for that job. / She didn't get hired until last week.

D. I dont like being....

we use the words being and the past participle, usuallyoften used with like, hate, enjoy
remember.
Examples:
1.
He doesnt like being told what to do.
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He hates people telling him what to do

2.
He enjoyed being read to.
He enjoys people reading to him
If you don't see the verb "be" in front of a word with an "ing" ending, it's probably a gerund.
Example:
1. He thinks that learning English is important for his career.
2. I like listening to the radio.
If you picked the first two sentences, you're correct! The third sentence is in the present
continuous tense.
Examples:
1.
2.

She enjoys being photographed.

He hates being photographed.

EXERCISES
I. Write these sentences in another way, beginning in the way shown.

1. They didn't give me the information I needed.

I wasn't given the information I needed.
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2. They asked me some difficult questions at the interview.

I was asked some difficult questions at the interview.
3. Linda's colleagues gave her a present when she retired.
Linda was given a present by her colleagues when she retired.
4. Nobody told me about the meeting.
I wasn't told about the meeting.
5. How much will they pay you for your work?
How much will you be paid for your work?
6. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
I think Tom should have been offered the job.
7. Has anybody shown you what to do?
Have you been shown what to do?
II. Complete the sentences using BEING + the following (in the correct form):
Kept knock invite give treat stick
1. Steve hates being kept waiting.
2. We went to the party without being invited.
3. I like giving presents and I also like being given them.
4. It's a busy road and I don't like crossing it. I'm afraid of being knocked down.
5. I'm an adult. I don't like being treated like a child.
6. You can't do anything about being stuck in a traffic jam.

III. Complete the sentences using GET/GOT +following verbs (in the correct form).
use

pay

hurt Sting damage stop

stell

ask

1. There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt.

2. Alex got stung by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
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3. These tennis courts don't get used very often. Not many people want to play.
4. I used to have a bicycle, but it got damaged a few months ago.
5. Rachel works hard but doesn't get paid very much.
6. Last night I got stopped by the police as I was driving home. One of the lights on my car
wasn't working.
7. Please pack these things very carefully. I don't want them to get stolen.
8. People often want to know what my job is. I often get asked that question.

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