Report no.

MF/372/MARCH/2015-2016

Report
On

Sub-Soil Investigation

For Proposed Construction of

COMMERCIAL HOTEL
At
Maheshpur, Samne Ghat, Varanasi

Presented By:-

MALTI FOUNDATION
A/174, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Kalyanpur, Ring Road, LUCKNOW-226022
Mobile: 9839026632, 7376110001
Email: maltifoundation.lko@gmail.com

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are grateful to the Shri Alok Singh for providing an opportunity

to carry out soil investigation work for COMMERCIAL HOTEL AT
MAHESHPUR, SAMNE GHAT, VARANASI.

MALTI FOUNDATION

Chief Executive

INDEX
SL. NO.

CONTENTS

Cover Page, Acknowledgement & Index

Introduction

Scope of work & location

Period of Investigation & Position of Water Table

Site Investigation & Insitu Tests

Standard Penetration Test

Sampling

Laboratory Investigations

Methodology and Report

General Sub soil Profile

Observed SPT Values

Water Table

Computation of Bearing Capacity

Bearing Capacity Calculation on Shear Consideration

Allowable bearing pressure based on settlement consideration:

10

Chemical Test Result on Soil samples

11

Recommendation

12

Laboratory Test Result

INDEX OF FIGURE
SL. NO.

CONTENTS

Lab Bore Log

Shear Test Curves

Compression Index Curves

Layout Plan

Introduction
Proposed Construction of COMMERCIAL HOTEL AT MAHESHPUR, SAMNE
GHAT, VARANASI. The construction work if being carried out by
Shri Alok Singh and his Order No. dated
... They have assigned soil investigation and testing works
has been assigned to our concern M/s MALTI FOUNDATION, A/174,
KAMLA NEHRU NAGAR, KALYANPUR, RING ROAD, LUCKNOW. The
objective of present investigation is to study the Geo-technical
behavior of underneath soil on the basis of Index properties and based
on that; suggest allowable beating capacity of the soil under fully
loaded conditions.
SCOPE OF WORK & LOCATION
The scope of work includes carrying out field for obtaining necessary
details and collection of soil samples for laboratory testing in order to
have further information related with the soil properties. The fieldwork
consisted of drilling two boreholes for the building each extended
15.00 m deep from the existing ground level at the site, and then
carrying out necessary tests. Following tests were carried out in the
lab:(a)

Natural Moisture Content.

(b)

Bulk Density (Dry & Wet)

(c)

Sieve Analysis

(d)

Atterbergs Limits.

(e)

Particle Size Analysis.

(f)

Specific Gravity.

(g)

Shear Strength Characteristics.

(h)

Consolidation Test.

(i)

Harmful Salts.

The results of field and laboratory tests are given in sheet No. 1 soil
strata at different depth intervals was classified in accordance with I.S.
1498-1970.

Period of Investigation & Position of Water Table:

The investigation were carried out in the month of March 2016. The
water table was intercepted at 8.00 metre below the general ground
level.
Site Investigation & Insitu Tests:
The soil investigation work was carried out in two steps in the first step
in-situ tests were carried out at the site and undisturbed, disturbed and
SPT soil samples were collected secondly, these samples were
subjected to different tests in the laboratory to obtain the various soil
parameters required for evaluation of bearing capacity of the soil in
the field, 150 mm nominal diameter bore hole drilling was carried out
with the help of hand operated auger and casing arrangement in
accordance with IS: 1892-1979. During boring, visual observations
regarding the nature of the out coming soil were made, for having a
preliminary idea about the sub-soil strata. Standard penetration Test
was conducted as in-situ test.
Standard Penetration Test:
Out of a number similar tests, this test in one of the most important one
conducted at the site. This test is specially suited for cohesion less soils,
that are difficult to be sampled, and it is extremely useful for reporting
relative density and angle of shearing resistance of cohesion less soils. It
may also be used for determining the unconfined compressive
strength of cohesive soils.
The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is conducted in a borehole using a
standard split spoon sampler. The split spoon consists of Driving Shoe
about 75 mm long, having a steel tube about 450 mm long which
could be split into two halves longitudinally and coupling at the top of
the tube about 150 mm long. The inside ad outside diameters of the
split tube are 35 mm and 50.8 mm respectively. The test is carried out
by driving the split spoon sampler into the soil by a hammer weighing
65.00 Kg and falling freely from a height of 750 mm, through the guide

rod. Each hammer blow derives the sampler into the sampler. Number
of blows for each penetration of 150 mm of the sampler are recorded
in succession till total penetration becomes 450 mm nos. of blows for
first 150 mm penetration are discarded considering them as seating
drives. The total number of blows recored for the last two 150 mm
penetration are added to report SPT number (N), the recorded value
of standard penetration number is corrected for dilatancy corrections
as well as overburden correction. The standard penetration tests were
conducted as per IS:2131-1963 in each bore hole at a regular interval
of 1.50 metres and the values are indicated in the bore log chart
attached with this report.
Sampling:
The undisturbed samples were collected at a regular interval of 1.50
metres in each borehole or at change off strata. The undisturbed soil
samples were taken using open drive sampler having thin walls and
internal diameter of 100 mm as per IS: 2132-1981. After the recovery of
the sampler from the borehole they were immediately sealed with wax
properly so as to avoid moisture loss and labeled with all the necessary
details and forwarded to the laboratory for further investigations. Those
samples, which slipped during collection, were not considered for
testing. Disturbed soil samples were also taken at every meter depth of
the soil from the general ground level and kept in polythene bags with
details such as depth, borehole number etc. The disturbed soil samples
were tested only for sieve analysis and Atterbergs limits
Laboratory Investigations:
The recovered soil samples from the site of the investigations from bore
holes were tested for various index properties as per the various parts of
IS: 2720. The test results are enclosed to this report. The disturbed soil
samples were tested for sieve analysis, Atterbergs limits, harmful salts
etc., while the undisturbed samples were tested for shear parameters

and consolidation properties etc., besides the index properties. The

details of the results are also annexed with this report.
Methodology and Report:
Bearing capacity of shallow foundations has been worked out on two
considerations. The foundation should be safe against shear failure as
per IS: 6403-1981and it should also be safe against excessive settlement
as per IS: 8009 part I. The depth of foundation is governed by IS: 10801980. The safe bearing capacity was worked out on the basis of shear
parameters and settlement was evaluated under this loading. Total
settlement was checked so that it remains within the permissible limits
GENERAL SUB SOIL PROFILE:
The strata are not exactly similar in nature in all the six bore holes hence
representative strata has been construed to understand the soil
characteristics
The general nature of the soil strata met during boring in the bore holes
1 & 2 are indicated on the bore log charts as well as on the laboratory
test results sheet. The entire Strata in all the bore holes is similar. soil layer
plastic that is cohesive type soil present is found to comprises of CI
group of IS classification i.e. silty clay of medium plasticity as per IS
classification and having 89 to 98 percent fines and non-plastic that is
non-cohesive type soil is found to comprise of poorly graded sand-silt
mixture belonging to SM-SP group of IS classification and having 6 to 9
percent fines.
Coarser material than 0.425 mm. and above is found to be present in
some of the cohesive strata as can be known from the enclosed Lab
Test Results Sheets.
The result of classification tests indicate that the strata mainly
comprises of two layer (i) Fine Grained Soil (ii) Coarse Grained Soil in
the effective zone.

OBSERVED SPT VALUES:

The N values (or SPT values recorded ) during penetration test in the
strata in all the bore hole No. 1 to 2 were found cohesive portion it is
varying from 3 to 5 indicating in that this portion the soil properties vary
from soft to medium consistency in nature and in non-cohesive soil are
is varying from 2 to 5 indicating that it is varying from Very Loose to
Loose relative compactness.
WATER TABLE:
The depth of water table was observed during boring operation in all
bore holes. The water table depths are tabulated below:
Bore hole No.
1
2

Water table depth in mt.

8.00
8.00

However it has been considered at 6.00 metre depth for

calculation purpose.
BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS:
The formula, as prescribed in para 5.1.2 of IS: 6403, is used for
determination of Ultimate Net bearing Capacity on the basis of shear
failure criteria: a) In case of general Shear failure: qd = C.Nc.Sc.dc.ic.+ q.(Nq 1)Sq.dq.iq.+ 0.5 B..N.S.d.i.W
b) In case of local Shear failure: qd = 2/3 C.Nc.Sc.dc.ic.+ q.(Nq 1)Sq.dq.iq.+ 0.5 B..N.S.d.i.W
Where

qd

= Bulk density of soil

= qd = Ultimate net bearing capacity

= Cohesion

= Effective overburden pressure at the base of footing

= Width of Strip rectangular footing, side of square footing

or diameter of circular footing

Nc, Nq, N, Nc, Nq & N = bearing capacity factors
Sc,

Sq &

= Shape factors

dc ,

dq, & d

= Depth factors

ic ,

iq & i

= Inclination factors

= water table correction factor

Df

= Depth of base of footing

The value of shape factors for footing as per IS: 6403 1981 Para 5.2.1
are
Shape factors

Shape of Base
Sc

Sq

1) Continuous strip

1.00

1.00

1.00

Rectangle

1 + 0.2 B/L

1 + 0.2 B/L

1 0.4 B/L

Square

1.3

1.2

0.8

Circle

1.3

1.2

0.6

The values of depth factors for footing are given by the following
formula as per IS : 6403= 1.0 +0.2. Df / B.tan(45 + /2)

dc
dc

= 1.0 +0.1. Df / B.tan(45 + /2) for > 10

dq

= 1.0 for < 10

The inclination factors shall be as under

Ic

iq

= (1 - /90) 2 Where = Inclination of the load with

the vertical
i

(1 - /) 2

The values of bearing capacity factors are given in table (1) of IS: 6403 1981
COMPUTATION OF BEARING CAPACITY :
BEARING CAPACITY FROM SHEAR CRETERIA:
Bearing capacity calculations were carried out for R.C.C. Rectangular
Column Footing with the size of the base of the Footing as 3.00 metre x
2.00 metre at a foundation depth of 2.00 metre below ground level .
However governing values of bearing capacity was found the
calculations for the same are produced below:
Bearing capacity Calculation :
Governing soil parameter are from bore hole no. 2
1.

Angle of internal friction

30

2.

Cohesion C

0.40 Kg/cm2 (Eff. c 0.268)

3.

Unit weight of soil

1.65 gm/cc

4.

Specific Gravity

2.65

5.

Dry Density

1.54 gm/cc

6.

Void ratio eo

0.753

7.

Condition

Loose (Local Shear)

8.

Bearing Capacity Factor

Shear Properties

Nc

Nq

Medium (Interpolation)

2.01

5.68

1.23

0.18

9.

Water Table correction Factor w

1.00

10.

Overburden pressure q at depth 2.00 m= [1.65)x2.00)/10]

= 0.330 Kg/sqcm.

11.

Type of foundation

Rectangular Footing

12.

Depth of foundation df

2.00 m

14.

Width of Footing

2.00 m

15.

Shape factors
Sc

16.

1.13, Sq

1.13, S

0.73

1.0,

1.0,

1.0

dq & d

1.000

2.198 Kg/cm2

3.50

0.628 Kg/cm2

Inclination factors
ic

17.

=
=

iq

Depth Factors
dc

1.288,

18.

Ultimate Bearing Capacity

19.

Factor of safety

20.

Net safe bearing capacity

Net safe bearing capacity from shear considerations for dimensions of

foundation are given in table no. 1
TABLE NO. 1
DEPTH OF

WIDTH OF FOOTING

FOUNDATION

NET SAFE
BEARING CAPACITY

(metre)

(metre)

(Kg/sqcm.)

2.00

2.00 (R.C.C. Rectangular Footing)

0.628

Allowable bearing pressure based on settlement consideration:

The allowable bearing pressure is to be restricted in such a way so that
the anticipated settlement does not exceed the permissible settlement
as given in IS:1904-1978 for particular type of structure and nature of
soil.
SETTLEMENT OF PLASTIC LAYER:
For calculation of settlement of plastic layer the following formula is
given in IS:8009(Part-I)-1976:po + P
HtCc
S = -------- log10 ----------p
1 + e0
0
Where,
Ht

= Thickness of plastic layer in cms

Cc

= Compression index

eo

= Void ratio at po pressure

po

= Change in pressure at foundation level p

= Change in pressure at mid depth of platic layer

The settlement of the non-plastic layer can be determined using the

method outlined in article 9.1.4 of IS:8009(Part-I)-1976
All the computed settlement are corrected for depth factor and rigidity
effect as per article 9.5 of 8009 (Part-I)-1976
Settlement of Plastic data (on borehole 1)
1.

Depth of foundation (D)

2.00 m

2.

Width of foundation (B)

2.00 m

3.

Thickness of plastic layer Ht

3.00 m

4.

Mid depth of plastic layer

1.500 m

5.

Original pressure at
-

0.330 Kg//Cm

Foundation level
6.

Change in pressure at foundation level p - 0.578 Kg//Cm

7.

Change in pressure at mid depth

0.213 Kg//Cm

8.

po + P /

1.370

9.

log10 po + P /

0.137

0
p

10.

Average Compression index Cc

0.150

11.

Average Void ratio

0.753

12.

Settlement (S)

3.51

13.

Rigidity factor

0.80

14.

Net Settlement

2.81 cms

15.

Net safe bearing capacity

0.628 Kg/cm

CHEMICAL TEST RESULT ON SOIL SAMPLES

Bore Hole
No.

Depth
(m)

Carbonate
%

Bi Carbonate
%

Chloride Sulphate
%
%

1.

1.50

NIL

0.100

0.033

NIL

2.

1.50

NIL

0.067

0.040

NIL

RECOMMENDATIONS
1. The strata in the effective zone below footing depth of comprises
of clayey soil only. The design load has therefore to ensure safety
against failure due to shear as well as total settlement.
2. Filled up soil was found to exist upto 15.00 metre depth below
ground level in the bore holes drilled at the site. It may however,
ensured that the filled up soil is encountered beyond this depth.
In case filled up soil is met with beyond this depth, the depth of
foundation below ground level will have to be increased
accordingly.
3. From the study of bearing capacity from shear as well as from
settlement considerations, it is revealed that both settlement
failure criteria as well as shear failure criteria will govern design of
foundation.
4. A Net Safe Bearing Capacity of 0.628 Kg/sqcm. that is 6.28 tonne
per square metre is recommended to be adopted at 2.00 metre
depth of foundation for RCC Rectangular footing of size 3.00

metre x 2.00 metre. Total load borne by each such column is

37.68 tonne.
ALTERNATIVELY

SAFE LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF UNDER-REAMED PILES

(as per Table 1 on page 29 of IS: 2911(Part III)-1980)
DIAMETER TERMINATION
OF PILE
LENGTH OF PILE
(cm.)
(metre)

NO. OF
UNDERREAMS

SAFE LOAD CARRYING

CAPACITY OF PILE
(Tonnes)

30.00

12.00

Double

32.00

40.00

12.00

Double

48.00

45.00

12.00

Double

56.50

50.00

12.00

Double

65.50

Note:[1] All the results are based on the values and parameters as per
Appendix-B (Clauses 5.2.3.3 and 5.2.5) including Table 1 of it given in
[2] IS:2911(Part-III)1980.
The calculations are based as per Lab Test Results submitted in Soil
Test Report.
However, the Final Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the Pile must be
adopted only after performing Pile Load Test on Test Pile
constructed at the Site as per IS: 2911(Part-4)-1985 and actual
design load requirements of the Proposed Structure.
5. The chemical test results of soil are found under permissible limit.

P.N. SHARMA
[CONSULTANT]

[CHIEF EXECUTIVE]

SUMMARY OF TEST RESULT SHEET

PROJECT NAME:

MALTI FOUNDATION

COMMERCIAL HOTEL AT MAHESHPUR, SAMNE GHAT, VARANASI

BORE HOLE NO. : : 1

DEPTH OF WATER TABLE (Mts): 8.00

12

13

14

100
100

100
100

100
100

98
99

39
35

19
21

20
14

70

29

CI
CI

100

100

99

94

37

22

15

67

27

CI

100

100

100

96

41

24

17

71

25

CI

Gravity

15

16

17

18

19

1.71
1
71

7.80
7
80

1.72

Compressive
x (Cc)
Index

11

Angle
e
of
Intern
nal
Frictio
on ()

10

Shear
Characterisitics
Cohesion
Kg/sq
qcm. C

Void
V
Ratio

Spec
cific
(G)/m
mc

Dry Bulk Density

gms//cc

NATU
URAL
MOIS
STURE
CON
NTENT (%)

Wet Bulk Density

gms//cc

I.S.
BOL
SYMB

SPT VALUES

(%)
Clay
y

GROUP

(%)
Silt

0.50
1.85
1
85
2.30
3.35
3.80
4.85
5 30
5.30
6.35
6.80
7.85
8.30
9 35
9.35
9.80
10.85
11.30
12.35
12.80
12 80
13.85
14.30
15.00

Sand
d (%)

PI %

0.00
1 50
1.50
1.85
3.00
3.35
4.50
4 85
4.85
6.00
6.35
7.50
7.85
9 00
9.00
9.35
10.50
10.85
12.00
12.35
12 35
13.50
13.85
14.30

PL %

DS
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
DS

LL %

1
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
E
6
F
7
G
8
H
9
I
10

Limits

0.075
5
(mm
m)

IS Sieves

Particles (Grain) Size

Analysis Passing 4.75 mm
Sieve

0.425
5
(mm
m)

DEPTH (metre)

Atterberg

2.00
(mm
m)

Typ
pe of Sample

% Material Passing

4.75
(mm
m)

Sa
ample No.

DEPTHOFBOREHOLE(Mts.):15.00
(
)

21

22

23

1.59
1
59 2
2.64
64 0
0.660
660

0.30
0
30

0.137
0
137

8.60

1.58 2.66 0.684

0.35

0.143

1.77

9.20

1.62

1.85

12.40

1.65 2.65 0.606

0.40

0.130

1.83

14.90

1.59 2.67 0.679

0.30

0.140

1 73
1.73

16 70
16.70

1 48 2
62 0
1.48
2.62
770
0.770

29

1.72

17.90

1.46 2.60 0.781

30

1.74

18.60

1.47

1.73

20.20

1.44 2.62 0.819

31

20

4
5
-

3
100

100

100

92

35

21

14

61

31

CI
5

100

100

100

93

37

22

15

65

28

CI
4

100

100

100

NON PLASTIC
NON-PLASTIC

SM SP
SM-SP

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

3
5
-

4
3
100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

SUMMARY OF TEST RESULT SHEET

PROJECT NAME:

MALTI FOUNDATION

COMMERCIAL HOTEL AT MAHESHPUR, SAMNE GHAT, VARANASI

BORE HOLE NO. : 2

DEPTH OF WATER TABLE (Mts): 8.00

12

13

14

100
100

100
100

100
100

89
97

36
41

19
22

17
19

73

24

CI
CI

100

100

100

94

36

21

15

68

26

CI

100

100

99

96

37

23

14

68

28

CI

100

100

100

98

36

21

15

73

25

CI

Gravity

15

16

17

18

19

1.65
1
65

6.90
6
90

1.76

Compressive
x (Cc)
Index

11

Angle
e
of
Intern
nal
Frictio
on ()

10

Shear
Characterisitics
Cohes
sion
Kg/sq
qcm. C

Void
V
Ratio

Spec
cific
(G)/m
mc

Dry Bulk Density

gms//cc

NATU
URAL
MOIS
STURE
CON
NTENT (%)

Wet Bulk Density

gms//cc

I.S.
BOL
SYMB

SPT VALUES

(%)
Clay
y

GROUP

(%)
Silt

0.50
1.85
1
85
2.30
3.35
3.80
4.85
5 30
5.30
6.35
6.80
7.85
8.30
9 35
9.35
9.80
10.85
11.30
12.35
12.80
12 80
13.85
14.30
15.00

Sand
d (%)

PI %

0.00
1 50
1.50
1.85
3.00
3.35
4.50
4 85
4.85
6.00
6.35
7.50
7.85
9 00
9.00
9.35
10.50
10.85
12.00
12.35
12 35
13.50
13.85
14.30

PL %

DS
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
UD
SPT
DS

LL %

1
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
E
6
F
7
G
8
H
9
I
10

Limits

0.075
5
(mm)

IS Sieves

Particles (Grain) Size

Analysis Passing 4.75 mm
Sieve

0.425
5
(mm)

DEPTH (metre)

Atterberg

2.00
(mm)

Typ
pe of Sample

% Material Passing

4.75
(mm)

Sa
ample No.

DEPTHOFBOREHOLE(Mts.):15.00
(
)

21

22

23

1.54
1
54 2
2.70
70 0
0.753
753

0.40
0
40

0.150
0
150

9.20

1.61 2.66 0.652

0.35

0.143

1.58

10.60

1.43 2.62 0.832

0.40

0.167

1.81

11.70

1.62

1.65

14.40

1.44 2.59 0.799

0.30

0.170

1 71
1.71

16 20
16.20

1 47 2.61
2 61 0.776
1.47
0 776

31

1.71

17.90

1.45

1.74

18.70

1.47 2.62 0.782

29

1.73

20.20

1.44 2.59 0.799

30

20

4
3
5
-

6
100

100

100

92

34

22

12

69

23

CI
3

100

100

100

NON
PLASTIC
NON-PLASTIC

SM SP
SM-SP
4

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP

3
5
2
100

100

100

NON-PLASTIC

SM-SP