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Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Table Of Contents

Introduction .................................................................... page 3

Lesson 04
Lesson 01

Graphing inequalities examples............................... page 24 - 25

Curve sketching examples ....................................... page 4 - 6

Graphing inequalities tutorial .......................................... page 26

Curve sketching tutorial ................................................. page 7

Graphing inequalities solutions ................................ page 27 - 29

Curve sketching solutions ........................................ page 7 - 9

Lesson 02

Lesson 05

Distance - time graphs examples............................. page 30 - 32

Curves, intersection, tangent examples ................ page 10 - 11

Straight line sketching tutorial ........................................ page 33

Curves, intersection, tangent tutorial..................... page 12 - 14

Straight line sketching solutions............................... page 34 - 36

Curves, intersection, tangent solutions ................. page 14 - 16

Lesson 03

Reciprocal curves, intersection examples ................. page 17 - 18

Reciprocal curves, intersection tutorial........................ page 19 - 21

Reciprocal curves, intersection solutions .................. page 21 - 23

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 2

Lesson 06

Review tutorial.......................................................... page 37 - 39

Review solutions ...................................................... page 40 - 46

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Introduction

Copyright Notice

Kenneth Morley has been a Mathematics


Teacher for over 25 years. He has taught the
age range 11 - 19. He graduated with an Upper
Second Bachelor of Science Honours degree in
Mathematical Sciences (subjects included
pure/ applied mathematics, statistics, numerical
analysis and computing). He acquired a Post
Graduate Certificate in Mathematical Education
shortly afterwards. Both qualifications were gained in the United
Kingdom.

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A Message from the Tutor


Thank for you buying this e-tutorial. The tutorial comprises of ten
tutorial lessons, and two review tutorial lessons all with
comprehensive solutions
One of my principal aims is to create a quality product. A great deal
of time went into viewing the suitability of questions, relating
examples to questions and sequencing questions in order of
difficulty. I gave a great deal of attention to the solutions, making
them as comprehensive as possible so that they can easily be
followed.
All the lessons have been tested in the classroom and have worked
well. I have found that with standard textbooks, quite often the
exercise questions do not relate to the given examples. Also difficult
questions seem to appear randomly, sometimes near the beginning
of the exercise, rather than at the end. Standard textbooks only give
brief answers and not fully worked solutions.

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 3

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Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 01
Sketching Curves
Standard Curves to remember:

y = x2

y=

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 4

1
x

y = x3

y=

1
x2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 01
Curve sketching by transformations
y = x2

y = 2x2

y = x2
y = -x2

Stretch in the y - direction

reflection in the x axis


y = x2+1

y = x2

Translation in the y - direction

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 5

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 01
Examples: Sketch the following curves:

3 y = 1 - x2

1 y = 3x2

y = 1 - x2
y = 3x2

2 y = 2x2 + 1

reflection and translation


4 y = 3 - 2x2

stretch

y = 3 - 2x2
y = 2x2 + 1

stretch and translation

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 6

stretch, reflection and translation

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 01 Tutorial

Lesson 01 Solutions

Exercise
Sketch the following curves, indicating clearly where they cross the x
and y axes.
1

y = 4x2

y = 2x2 + 3

y = 2x2 - 5

y = 4 - x2
Q1 y = 4x2

y = 5 - 2x2

y = 9 - x2

y = x3 + 1

y = 1 - x3

y = x2 + 1

10 y = 2 - x2
Q2 y = 2x2 + 3

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 7

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 07 Solutions

Q3 y = 2x2 - 5

Q5 y = 5 - 2x2

Q4 y = 4 - x2

Q6 y = 9 - x2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 8

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 07 Solutions

Q7 y = x3 + 1

Q9 y = x2 + 1

Q8 y = 1 - x3

Q10 y = 2 - x2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 9

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 02
Curves

Solution

Examples

a = 2(-1)2 - 3(-1) - 2 = 2 + 3 - 2

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

a=3

y = 2x - 3x - 2

b = 2(3)2 - 3(3) - 2 = 18 - 9 - 2
b=7

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

-2
12

-1
a

0
-2

1
-3

2
0

y = 2x2 - 3x - 2

3
b

4
18

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to
represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

+9

y = 2x2 - 3x - 2
for domain -2 x 4
b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 2
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = 3

+1

b
i

y = 2, x = -09, 23

ii

gradient of tangent at x = 3 is

+9
=9
+1

+ gradient sign = (positive y direction) (positive x direction)

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 10

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


Solution

y = 2 + 4x - x2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a

-1
-3

0
2

1
a

2
b

3
5

4
2

5
-3

Calculate the values of a and b

y = 2 + 4x - x2
a = 2 + 4(1) - (1)2 = 2 + 4 - 1
a = 5,
b = 2 + 4(2) - (2)2 = 2 + 8 - 4
b=6

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:
y = 2 + 4x - x2
for domain -1 x 5
b

+8

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = -1
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = 4
-2

b
i

y = -1, x = -06, 47

ii

gradient of tangent at x = 4 is

+8
= -4
2

- gradient sign = (positive y direction) (negative x direction)

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 11

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 02 Tutorial
Exercise
1

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

y = 5 + 6x - 3x2

y = 2x + 4x - 5

and some corresponding values are given in the table below

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

-4
11

-3
1

-2
-5

-1
a

0
-5

1
1

2
11

3
b

x
y
a

Calculate the values of a and b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 3
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = 2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 12

0
5

1
a

2
b

3
-4

4
-19

Calculate the values of a and b

y = 5 + 6x - 3x2

y = 2x2 + 4x - 5

-1
-4

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

for domain -4 x 3

-2
-19

for domain -2 x 4
b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = -8
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = 2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y = 10 - 6x - 9x2

y = 4x2 - 4x - 2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a

-2
22

-1
6

0
-2

05
-3

1
a

2
b

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

3
22

Calculate the values of a and b

-2
-14

-1
a

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 13

1
b

y = 10 - 6x - 9x2
for domain -2 x 1

for domain -2 x 3

point x = -1

05
48

Calculate the values of a and b

y = 4x2 - 4x - 2

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 15
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the

0
10

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

-05
108

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 1
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = -1

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

Lesson 02 Solutions

y = 4x2 + 4x + 2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a

-3
26

-2
10

-1
2

-05
a

0
2

1
b

2
26

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to
represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

+12

y = 4x2 + 4x + 2
+1

for domain -3 x 2
b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 20
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = -2

Q1 a = 2(-1)2 + 4(-1) - 5 = 2 - 4 - 5
a = -7
b = 2(3)2 + 4(3) - 5 = 18 + 12 - 5
b = 25
When y = 3, x = -32, 12
gradient of tangent at x = 2 is

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 14

+12
= 12
+1

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 02 Solutions

+12
+12
-2
-1

Q2 a = 5 + 6(1) - 3(1)2 = 5 + 6 - 3

Q3 a = 4(1)2 - 4(1) - 2 = 4 - 4 - 2

a=8

a = -2
2

b = 5 + 6(2) - 3(2) = 5 + 12 - 12

b = 4(2)2 - 4(2) - 2 = 16 - 8 - 2

b=5

b=6

When y = -8, x = -12, 34

When y = 15, x = -16, 27

gradient of tangent at x = 2 is

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 15

+12
= -6
2

gradient of tangent at x = -1 is

+12
= -12
1

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

+24
+24

+2

Q4 a = 10 - 6(-1) - 9(-1)2 = 10 + 6 - 9
a=7
b = 10 - 6(1) - 9(1)2 = 10 - 6 - 9
b = -5,
When y = 1, x = -15, 07
+24
= 12
gradient of tangent at x = -1 is
+2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 16

-2

Q5 a = 4(-05)2 + 4(-05) + 2 = 1 - 2 + 2
a=1
a = 4(1)2 + 4(1) + 2 = 4 + 4 + 2
b = 10
When y = 20, x = -27, 17
gradient of tangent at x = -2 is

+24
= -12
2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 03

Solution

Reciprocal Curves
a

Examples
1

a=

8
4

a = 2,

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

b=

8
y=
x

8
8

b=1

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

1
8

2
4

4
a

6
13

8
b

10
08

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph
of:
y=

8
x

for domain 0 x 10 and range 0 y 8


b

On the same graph draw the line y = 2x + 1. Estimate from


your graph the solution of the equation
8
2x + 1 =
x

y = 2x + 1
x
y

0
1

1
3

2
5

3
7

From the graph, the point of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 17

4
9
18

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y=

4
x

Solution
a

05
8

1
4

2
a

4
1

5
09

4
2

a=2

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

a=

b=

8
b

4
8

b = 05

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph
of:
y=

4
x

for domain 0 x 8 and range 0 y 8


b

On the same graph draw the line 3x + 4y - 24 = 0. Use your


graph to estimate the x values of the points of intersection
between the curve and the straight line.

3x + 4y - 24 = 0
x
y

0
6

2
45

4
3

6
15

From the graph, the points of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 18

8
0
07, 72

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 03 Tutorial
2

Exercise
1

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y=

10
x

y=

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

1
10

2
5

4
a

8
13

10
b

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph


of:

On the same graph draw the line y = x + 1. Estimate from


your graph the solution of the equation
10
x+1=
x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 19

2
6

4
a

6
b

10
12

Calculate the values of a and b

y=

10
x

for domain 0 x 10 and range 0 y 10

1
12

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph


of:

Calculate the values of a and b

y=

12
x

12
x

for domain 0 x 10 and range 0 y 12


b

On the same graph draw the line 5x + 4y - 40 = 0. Use your


graph to estimate the x values of the points of intersection
between the curve and the straight line.

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y=

10
x

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

y=

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

1
10

2
a

4
06

5
b

10
01

y=

x
y
a

2
b

3
13

4
08

6
03

8
02

Calculate the values of a and b

x2

On the same graph draw the line y = 2x + 2. Estimate from


your graph the solution of the equation
10
2x + 2 = 2
x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 20

1
a

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph


of:

10

y=

for domain 0 x 10 and range 0 y 10


b

x2

and some corresponding values are given in the table below

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph
of:

12

12
x2

for domain 0 x 8 and range 0 y 12


b

On the same graph draw the line 5x + 3y - 30 = 0. Use your


graph to estimate the x values of the points of intersection
between the curve and the straight line.

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y=

Lesson 03 Solutions

2
x

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

-5
-04

-4
-05

-2
a

-1
-2

1
2

2
1

4
b

5
04

Calculate the values of a and b


Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph
of:
y=

2
x

for domain -5 x 5 and range -2 y 2


Note: There are two separate curves!

On the same graph draw the line y = x. Estimate from your


graph the solution of the equation
2
=x
x

10
4
a = 25
10
b=
10
b=1

Q1 a a =

by=x+ 1

x
y

0
1

2
3

4
5

6
7

8
9

From the graph, the point of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 21

27

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 03 Solutions

Q2 a a =

12
4

Q3 a a =

0
10

2
75

4
5

6
25

8
0

From the graph, the points of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 22

10
4

2
a = 25,
10 10 2
=
b= 2 =
25 5
5
b = 04
b y = 2x + 2

a=3
12
b=
6
b=2
b 5x + 4y - 40 = 0
x
y

10

x
y
15, 65

0
2

2
6

4
10

From the graph, the point of intersection x

14

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Q4 a a =

12
2

12
1

2
2
a = -1
2
b=
4
b = 05
by=x

Q5 a a =

1
a = 12
12 12
b= 2 =
4
2
b=3
b 5x + 3y - 30 = 0

x
y

0
10

3
5

From the graph, the points of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 23

x
y

6
0
12, 58

-3
-3

0
0

3
3

From the graph, the points of intersection x

14

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 04
Graphing Inequalities
Example
1

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 8 and y axis with


range 0 y 8.
Draw the lines x + y = 6 and y = 2x.
x

Shade the inequalities x + y 6, y < 2x and y > 0 to find the


region R.
Find the maximum value of x + 2y and the minimum value of x +
y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

Solution
For line x + y = 6
x 0
3
6
y 6
3
0
For line y = 2x
x 0
2
4
y 0
4
8
Shading:
Generally if and < then shade out the unwanted region above
the line
With include the line in region R
With < do not include the line - indicate with a broken line
Similarly if and > then shade out the unwanted region below
the line
With include the line in region R
With > do not include the line - indicate with a broken line

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 24

Max value of x + 2y

We require the largest possible integer value for y (since its


multiplied by 2).
Biggest possible value for y in region R is 3
Max value of x + 2y at (3,3) = 3 + 2(3) = 9
Min value of x + y

We require the smallest possible values for both x and y


Min value of x + y at (1,1) = 1 + 1 = 2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Example
2

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 10 and y axis with range 0 y


6.
Draw the lines x + 2y = 8 and y = x.
Shade the inequalities x + 2y < 8, y x and x > 0 to find the
region R.
Find the maximum value of x + 5y and the minimum value of 2x
+ y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

Solution
For line x + 2y = 8
x 0
4
y 4
2
For line y = x
x 0
3
y 0
3

8
0
6
6

x + 2y < 8 shade out above the line


y x shade out below the line
x > 0 shade out on the left of the y axis (below)

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 25

Max value of x + 5y at (1,3) = 1 + 5(3) = 16


Min value of 2x + y at (1,1) = 2(1) + 1 = 3

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 04 Tutorial

Exercise
1

Draw the lines 8x + 10y = 80 and y = x.

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 6 and y axis with range 0 y


10.

Shade the inequalities 8x + 10y 80, y > x and x > 0 to find the
region R.

Draw the lines 2x + y = 8 and y = 3x.

Find the maximum value of 4x + y and the minimum value of x +


2y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

Shade the inequalities 2x + y < 8, y 3x and y > 0 to find the


region R.
Find the maximum value of 2x + y and the minimum value of x +
2y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.
2

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 8 and y axis with range 0 y


4.
Draw the lines x + 2y = 8, 3y = 2x and x = 5

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 10 and y axis with range 0 y


10.

Shade the inequalities x + 2y 8, 3y < 2x, x 5 and y 0 to


find the region R.

Draw the lines x + y = 8 and y = 2x.

Find the maximum value of 3x + y in the region R, where x and y


have integer values.

Shade the inequalities x + y 8, y < 2x and y > 0 to find the


region R.
Find the maximum value of 3x + y and the minimum value of x +
y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 12 and y axis with range 0 y


10.

Draw x axis with domain 0 x 12 and y axis with range 0 y


8.
Draw the lines 6x + 10y = 60 and y = x
Shade the inequalities 6x + 10y 60 and y x to find the region
R.
Find the minimum value of 5x + 2y in the region R, where x and
y have integer values.

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 26

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 04 Solutions

R
R
x

x
x

Q1 For line 2x + y = 8
x 0
2
y 8
4
For line y = 3x
x 0
1
y 0
3

4
0
2
6

2x + y < 8 shade out above the line


y 3x shade out above the line
y > 0 shade out below the x axis
Max value of 2x + y at (3,1) = 2(3) + 1 = 7
Min value of x + 2y at (1,1) = 1 + 2(1) = 3

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 27

Q2 For line x + y = 8
x
0
y
8
For line y = 2x
x
0
y
0

4
4

8
0

2
4

4
8

x + y 8 shade out above the line


y < 2x shade out above the line
y > 0 shade out below the x axis
Max value of 3x + y at (7,1) = 3(7) + 1 = 22
Min value of x + y at (1,1) = 1 + 1 = 2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

R
x

R
x
x

Q3 For line 8x + 10y = 80


x
0
y
8
For line y = x
x
0
y
0

5
4

10
0

5
5

10
10

Q4 For line x + 2y = 8
x
0
y
4
For line 3y = 2x
x
0
y
0

4
2

8
0

3
2

6
4

8x + 10y 80 shade out above the line

x + 2y 8 shade out above the line

y > x shade out below the line

3y < 2x shade out above the line

x > 0 shade out to the left (below) the y axis

x 5 shade out to the right (above) the line

Max value of 4x + y at (3,5) = 4(3) + 5 = 17

y 0 shade out below the x axis

Min value of x + 2y at (1,2) = 1 + 2(2) = 5

Max value of 3x + y at (5,1) = 3(5) + 1 = 16

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 28

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Q5 For line 6x + 10y = 60


x
0
y
6
For line y = x
x
0
y
0

5
3

10
0

4
4

8
8

6x + 10y 60 shade out below the line


y x shade out above the line
Min value of 5x + 2y at (4,4) = 5(4) + 2(4) = 28

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 29

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 05

Graph solution

Distance - Time Graphs

Examples
1

A man takes part in a mini - triathlon. He cycles 20 km in 1


hours, runs 10 km in 1 hours and swims 1500 m in 1 hour.
a Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of
2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 2 cm to
represent 5 km to show his triathlon.
b Calculate his average speed

Solution
b
Total distance travelled = 20 km + 10 km + 1500 m
= (20 + 10 + 15) km
= 315 km
Total time taken = 1 + 1 + 1 = 4
Average speed = Total distance travelled
Total time taken
Average speed =

31 5
= 788 km/h
4

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 30

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Two towns P and Q are 100 km apart. A motorcycle starts from


town P at 0800 and drives towards town Q at a steady speed of
80 km/h. A car starts from town Q at 0815 and drives towards P
at a steady speed of 50 km/h.
a Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of
2 cm to represent 30 minutes and a vertical axis scale of 2
cm to represent 10 km to show their journeys.
b How far from town P will they meet?
c What time will they meet?

Solution
a

When you draw the distance - time graph, you need to indicate
on the vertical distance axis towns P and Q. Since they are 100
km apart, place P at 0 and Q at 100.
The motorcycle starts from P and 0800 and drives toward Q at
80 km/h, (in one hour it travels 80 km) so plot the point (0900,
80) and join it up to the origin by drawing a straight line.
The car starts from Q at 0815, so plot the point (0815, 100). It is
then moving towards P at 50 km/h, so after 2 hours it will have
travelled 100 km (and arrived at P). Plot the point (1015, 0) and
join both points by connecting them with a straight line.

Read the vertical coordinate of the point of intersection

Read the horizontal coordinate of the point of intersection


0851

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 31

68 km

Graphical Solution
a

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

A hiker walks 10 km in 2 hours and rests for 45 minutes. She


then walks another 15 km in 3 hours 15 minutes.
a Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of
2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 2 cm to
represent 5 km to show her journey.
b Calculate her average speed

Solution
Notes

Total distance travelled = 10 + 15 = 25 km


Total time taken = 2 + + 3 = 6 hours
45 minutes = hour and 3 hours 15 minutes = 3 hours
After walking the first 10 km she rests for 45 minutes. Distance does
not increase as she is not moving, but time is still increasing. This is
indicated on the graph by a horizontal straight line of length hour
Average speed = Total distance travelled
Total time taken
b

Average speed =

25
= 4 17 km/h
6

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 32

Graphical Solution
a

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 05 Tutorial
Distance - Time Exercise
1

A man cycles 30 km in 2 hours, runs 10 km in 1 hours and


walks 10 km in 3 hours.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 2 cm to
represent 10 km to show his journey.

Calculate his average speed

Two towns A and B are 80 km apart. A car starts from town A at


1000 and drives towards town B at a steady speed of 60 km/h.
Another car starts from town B at 1030 and drives towards A at a
steady speed of 50 km/h.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 30 minutes and a vertical axis scale of 2
cm to represent 20 km to show their journeys.

How far from town A will they meet?

What time will they meet?

A motorcycle starts from town X at 0930 and goes towards town


Y at a steady speed of 40 km/h. A car starts from town X at 1015
and drives towards Y at a steady speed of 90 km/h.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 15 minutes and a vertical axis scale of 2
cm to represent 10 km to show their journeys.

How far from town X will the car overtake the motorcycle?

At what time will the car overtake the motorcycle?

A bus travels from town A to town D, stopping at towns B and C


along its way. The distance between towns A and D is 250 km.
After leaving town A at 0800 the bus travels to town B at a
steady speed of 60 km/h. It stops at B (a distance of 90 km from
A) for 30 minutes and then travels towards town C at a steady
speed of 80 km/h. It stops at C (a distance of 120 km from B) for
45 minutes. It then travels to town D at a steady speed of 40
km/h.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 2 cm to
represent 40 km to show the bus journey

At what time will the bus arrive at town D?

Calculate its average speed.

A woman cycles 25 km in 3 hours and rests for 30 minutes. She


then cycles another 10 km in 1 hours
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 2 cm to
represent 5 km to show her journey.
Calculate her average speed for the entire journey

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 33

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 05 Solutions

Q1

Total distance travelled = 30 + 10 + 10 = 50 km


Total time taken = 2 + 1 + 3 = 7 hours
Average speed =

50
= 7 14 km/h
7

Q2

On the vertical axis A is at (1000, 0) and B (1000, 80).


For the car leaving A, draw a straight line through points (1100,
60) and (1000, 0). For the car leaving B draw a straight line
through points (1030, 80) and (1130, 30)
Point of intersection:
(b) Vertical coordinate 57km, (c) Horizontal coordinate 1054

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 34

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Q4 For the motorcycle leaving X, draw a straight line through points


Q3 Total distance travelled = 25 + 10 = 35 km
Total time taken = 3 + + 1 = 5 hours
Average speed =

35
= 7 km/h
5

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 35

(0930, 0) and (1030, 40). For the car leaving X draw a straight
line through points (1015, 0) and (1115, 90)
Point of intersection:
(b) Vertical coordinate 54km, (c) Horizontal coordinate 1051

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

C to D =

250 (90 + 120)


= 1 hr
40

Total time = 2 + 2 + 1 = 5 hours


Bus starts at 0800 and
arrives at 0800 + 5 = 1315
Average speed =

Q5 Total distance travelled =250 km (given)


Time taken
A to B =

90
= 1 + (stopover) = 2 hrs
60

B to C =

120
= 1 + (stopover) = 2 hrs
80

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 36

250
= 47 6 km/h
1
5
4

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 06 Review Tutorial


Lessons 01 - 05
1

Sketch the following curves, indicating clearly where they cross


the x and y axes.

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y = 3 + x - 2x2

y = 5x

y = 4x2 - 5

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y = 2x2 - x - 6

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y
a

-3
15

-2
4

-1
a

0
-6

1
-5

2
0

for domain -3 x 3
b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = 2
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = -2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 37

-1
0

0
3

1
a

2
b

3
-12

Calculate the values of a and b

y = 3 + x - 2x2

Calculate the values of a and b

y = 2x2 - x - 6

-2
-7

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

3
b

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x axis and 2cm to


represent 5 units on the y axis, draw the graph of:

-3
-18

for domain -3 x 3
b

From your graph find:


i
the values of x when y = -5
ii by drawing a tangent, the gradient of the curve at the
point x = 2

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:


y=

1
16

2
8

The variables x and y are connected by the equation:

16
x

y=

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

4
a

8
2

and some corresponding values are given in the table below


x
y

10
b

Calculate the values of a and b

16
x

On the same graph draw the line y = 2x + 3. Estimate from


your graph the solution of the equation
16
2x + 3 =
x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 38

0 4
6

0 8
a

1
2 4

2
1 2

4
b

6
0 4

Calculate the values of a and b

y=

24
x

for domain 0 x 8 and range 0 y 14

for domain -2 x 10 and range 0 y 18


b

0 2
12

Using 2cm to represent 1 unit on both axes draw the graph


of:

Using cm to represent 1 unit on the both the x and y axes,


draw the graph of:
y=

24
x

On the same graph draw the line 3x + 2y - 12 = 0. Use your


graph to estimate the x values of the points of intersection
between the curve and the straight line.

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Draw x axis with domain -1 x 7 and y axis with range -1 y


9.
Draw the lines 4x + 3y = 24 and y = 2x.
Shade the inequalities 4x + 3y < 24, y 2x and y > 0 to find the
region R.
Find the maximum value of x + 2y and the minimum value of 3x
+ y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

Draw x axis with domain -1 x 5 and y axis with range -1 y


7.
Draw the lines 3x + 2y = 12 and y = x.
Shade the inequalities 3x + 2y 12, y > x and x > 0 to find the
region R.
Find the maximum value of 2x + y and the minimum value of x +
3y in the region R, where x and y have integer values.

A man cycles 60 km in 3 hours, runs 15 km in 1 hours and


walks 15 km in 3 hours.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 1 cm to
represent 10 km to show his journey.

Calculate his average speed

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 39

Two towns A and B are 240 km apart. A car starts from town A at
0900 and drives towards town B at a steady speed of 80 km/h.
Another car starts from town B at 1030 and drives towards A at a
steady speed of 100 km/h.
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 30 minutes and a vertical axis scale of 1
cm to represent 20 km to show their journeys.

How far from town A will they meet?

What time will they meet?

10 A woman cycles 36 km in 2 hours and rests for 45 minutes. She


then cycles another 18 km in 1 hours
a

Draw a distance - time graph using a horizontal axis scale of


2 cm to represent 1 hour and a vertical axis scale of 1 cm to
represent 5 km to show her journey.

Calculate her average speed for the entire journey

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 06 Solutions
1

Curve sketching

y = 5x2
b

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 40

y = 4x2 - 5

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

y = 2x2 - x - 6
a

a = 2(-1)2 - (-1) - 6
a=2+1-6
a = -3
b = 2(3)2 - (3) - 6
b = 18 - 3 - 6
b=9

+18

From the graph


Values of x
i

When y = 2
x = -18, 23

ii

gradient at x = -2 is

+18
= -9
2

-2
y = 2x2 - x - 6

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 41

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

y = 3 + x - 2x2
a

a = 3 + 1 - 2(1)2
a=3+1-2
a=2
b = 3 + 2 - 2(2)2
b=3+2-8
b = -3

+7

From the graph


Values of x
i

-1

y = -3
x = 2, -15

gradient at x = 2 is

+7
= -7
1

y = 3 + x - 2x2

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 42

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

y=
a

16
x

16
= 4,
4
16
b=
= 16
10

y=
a

a=

24
x
24
= 3,
08
24
= 06
b=
4

a=

y = 2x + 3
x
y

0
3

3
9

6
15

From the graph the point of intersection x

2 2

3x + 2y - 12 = 0.
x
y

0
6

2
3

4
0

From the graph the points of intersection x

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 43

05, 36

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

For line 4x + 3y = 24
x
0
3
y
8
4
For line y = 2x
x
0
2
y
0
4

6
0
4
8

For line 3x + 2y = 12
x
0
2
y
6
3
For line y = x
x
0
2
y
0
2

4
0
4
4

4x + 3y < 24 shade out above the line


y 2x shade out above the line
y > 0 shade out below the x axis (y = 0)

3x + 2y 12 shade out above the line


y > x shade out below the line
x > 0 shade out to the left (below) the y axis (x = 0)

Maximum value of x + 2y at (2,4) = 2 + 2(4) = 10


Minimum value of 3x + y at (1,1) = 3(1) + 1 = 4

Maximum value of 2x + y at (1,4) = 2(1) + 4 = 6


Minimum value of x + 3y at (1,2) = 1 + 3(2) = 7

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 44

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Total distance travelled = 60 + 15 + 15 = 90 km

On the vertical axis A is at (0, 0) and B (0, 240).

Total time taken = 3 + 1 + 3 = 7 hours

For the car leaving A, draw a straight line through points

Average speed =

90
= 12 km/h
1
7
2

(0, 0) and (3, 240). For the car leaving B draw a straight line
through points (15, 240) and (25, 140)
Point of intersection:
(b) Vertical coordinate 174km,
(c) Horizontal coordinate 1110 (0900 + 2h 10min)

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 45

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

10 a

Total distance travelled = 36 + 18 = 54 km


Total time taken = 2 + + 1 = 4 hours
Average speed =

Graphs 6 Pack - 2 page 46

54
= 12 km/ h
1
4
2

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