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Table Of Contents
Lesson 04
Lesson 01
Lesson 02
Lesson 05
Lesson 03
Lesson 06
Introduction
Copyright Notice
Lesson 01
Sketching Curves
Standard Curves to remember:
y = x2
y=
1
x
y = x3
y=
1
x2
Lesson 01
Curve sketching by transformations
y = x2
y = 2x2
y = x2
y = -x2
y = x2
Lesson 01
Examples: Sketch the following curves:
3 y = 1 - x2
1 y = 3x2
y = 1 - x2
y = 3x2
2 y = 2x2 + 1
stretch
y = 3 - 2x2
y = 2x2 + 1
Lesson 01 Tutorial
Lesson 01 Solutions
Exercise
Sketch the following curves, indicating clearly where they cross the x
and y axes.
1
y = 4x2
y = 2x2 + 3
y = 2x2 - 5
y = 4 - x2
Q1 y = 4x2
y = 5 - 2x2
y = 9 - x2
y = x3 + 1
y = 1 - x3
y = x2 + 1
10 y = 2 - x2
Q2 y = 2x2 + 3
Lesson 07 Solutions
Q3 y = 2x2 - 5
Q5 y = 5 - 2x2
Q4 y = 4 - x2
Q6 y = 9 - x2
Lesson 07 Solutions
Q7 y = x3 + 1
Q9 y = x2 + 1
Q8 y = 1 - x3
Q10 y = 2 - x2
Lesson 02
Curves
Solution
Examples
a = 2(-1)2 - 3(-1) - 2 = 2 + 3 - 2
a=3
y = 2x - 3x - 2
b = 2(3)2 - 3(3) - 2 = 18 - 9 - 2
b=7
-2
12
-1
a
0
-2
1
-3
2
0
y = 2x2 - 3x - 2
3
b
4
18
+9
y = 2x2 - 3x - 2
for domain -2 x 4
b
+1
b
i
y = 2, x = -09, 23
ii
gradient of tangent at x = 3 is
+9
=9
+1
y = 2 + 4x - x2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a
-1
-3
0
2
1
a
2
b
3
5
4
2
5
-3
y = 2 + 4x - x2
a = 2 + 4(1) - (1)2 = 2 + 4 - 1
a = 5,
b = 2 + 4(2) - (2)2 = 2 + 8 - 4
b=6
+8
b
i
y = -1, x = -06, 47
ii
gradient of tangent at x = 4 is
+8
= -4
2
Lesson 02 Tutorial
Exercise
1
y = 5 + 6x - 3x2
y = 2x + 4x - 5
-4
11
-3
1
-2
-5
-1
a
0
-5
1
1
2
11
3
b
x
y
a
0
5
1
a
2
b
3
-4
4
-19
y = 5 + 6x - 3x2
y = 2x2 + 4x - 5
-1
-4
for domain -4 x 3
-2
-19
for domain -2 x 4
b
y = 4x2 - 4x - 2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a
-2
22
-1
6
0
-2
05
-3
1
a
2
b
3
22
-2
-14
-1
a
1
b
y = 10 - 6x - 9x2
for domain -2 x 1
for domain -2 x 3
point x = -1
05
48
y = 4x2 - 4x - 2
0
10
-05
108
Lesson 02 Solutions
y = 4x2 + 4x + 2
and some corresponding values are given in the table below
x
y
a
-3
26
-2
10
-1
2
-05
a
0
2
1
b
2
26
+12
y = 4x2 + 4x + 2
+1
for domain -3 x 2
b
Q1 a = 2(-1)2 + 4(-1) - 5 = 2 - 4 - 5
a = -7
b = 2(3)2 + 4(3) - 5 = 18 + 12 - 5
b = 25
When y = 3, x = -32, 12
gradient of tangent at x = 2 is
+12
= 12
+1
Lesson 02 Solutions
+12
+12
-2
-1
Q2 a = 5 + 6(1) - 3(1)2 = 5 + 6 - 3
Q3 a = 4(1)2 - 4(1) - 2 = 4 - 4 - 2
a=8
a = -2
2
b = 5 + 6(2) - 3(2) = 5 + 12 - 12
b = 4(2)2 - 4(2) - 2 = 16 - 8 - 2
b=5
b=6
gradient of tangent at x = 2 is
+12
= -6
2
gradient of tangent at x = -1 is
+12
= -12
1
+24
+24
+2
Q4 a = 10 - 6(-1) - 9(-1)2 = 10 + 6 - 9
a=7
b = 10 - 6(1) - 9(1)2 = 10 - 6 - 9
b = -5,
When y = 1, x = -15, 07
+24
= 12
gradient of tangent at x = -1 is
+2
-2
Q5 a = 4(-05)2 + 4(-05) + 2 = 1 - 2 + 2
a=1
a = 4(1)2 + 4(1) + 2 = 4 + 4 + 2
b = 10
When y = 20, x = -27, 17
gradient of tangent at x = -2 is
+24
= -12
2
Lesson 03
Solution
Reciprocal Curves
a
Examples
1
a=
8
4
a = 2,
b=
8
y=
x
8
8
b=1
1
8
2
4
4
a
6
13
8
b
10
08
8
x
y = 2x + 1
x
y
0
1
1
3
2
5
3
7
4
9
18
4
x
Solution
a
05
8
1
4
2
a
4
1
5
09
4
2
a=2
a=
b=
8
b
4
8
b = 05
4
x
3x + 4y - 24 = 0
x
y
0
6
2
45
4
3
6
15
8
0
07, 72
Lesson 03 Tutorial
2
Exercise
1
10
x
y=
1
10
2
5
4
a
8
13
10
b
2
6
4
a
6
b
10
12
y=
10
x
1
12
y=
12
x
12
x
10
x
y=
1
10
2
a
4
06
5
b
10
01
y=
x
y
a
2
b
3
13
4
08
6
03
8
02
x2
1
a
10
y=
x2
12
12
x2
Lesson 03 Solutions
2
x
-5
-04
-4
-05
-2
a
-1
-2
1
2
2
1
4
b
5
04
2
x
10
4
a = 25
10
b=
10
b=1
Q1 a a =
by=x+ 1
x
y
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
27
Lesson 03 Solutions
Q2 a a =
12
4
Q3 a a =
0
10
2
75
4
5
6
25
8
0
10
4
2
a = 25,
10 10 2
=
b= 2 =
25 5
5
b = 04
b y = 2x + 2
a=3
12
b=
6
b=2
b 5x + 4y - 40 = 0
x
y
10
x
y
15, 65
0
2
2
6
4
10
14
Q4 a a =
12
2
12
1
2
2
a = -1
2
b=
4
b = 05
by=x
Q5 a a =
1
a = 12
12 12
b= 2 =
4
2
b=3
b 5x + 3y - 30 = 0
x
y
0
10
3
5
x
y
6
0
12, 58
-3
-3
0
0
3
3
14
Lesson 04
Graphing Inequalities
Example
1
Solution
For line x + y = 6
x 0
3
6
y 6
3
0
For line y = 2x
x 0
2
4
y 0
4
8
Shading:
Generally if and < then shade out the unwanted region above
the line
With include the line in region R
With < do not include the line - indicate with a broken line
Similarly if and > then shade out the unwanted region below
the line
With include the line in region R
With > do not include the line - indicate with a broken line
Max value of x + 2y
Example
2
Solution
For line x + 2y = 8
x 0
4
y 4
2
For line y = x
x 0
3
y 0
3
8
0
6
6
Lesson 04 Tutorial
Exercise
1
Shade the inequalities 8x + 10y 80, y > x and x > 0 to find the
region R.
Lesson 04 Solutions
R
R
x
x
x
Q1 For line 2x + y = 8
x 0
2
y 8
4
For line y = 3x
x 0
1
y 0
3
4
0
2
6
Q2 For line x + y = 8
x
0
y
8
For line y = 2x
x
0
y
0
4
4
8
0
2
4
4
8
R
x
R
x
x
5
4
10
0
5
5
10
10
Q4 For line x + 2y = 8
x
0
y
4
For line 3y = 2x
x
0
y
0
4
2
8
0
3
2
6
4
5
3
10
0
4
4
8
8
Lesson 05
Graph solution
Examples
1
Solution
b
Total distance travelled = 20 km + 10 km + 1500 m
= (20 + 10 + 15) km
= 315 km
Total time taken = 1 + 1 + 1 = 4
Average speed = Total distance travelled
Total time taken
Average speed =
31 5
= 788 km/h
4
Solution
a
When you draw the distance - time graph, you need to indicate
on the vertical distance axis towns P and Q. Since they are 100
km apart, place P at 0 and Q at 100.
The motorcycle starts from P and 0800 and drives toward Q at
80 km/h, (in one hour it travels 80 km) so plot the point (0900,
80) and join it up to the origin by drawing a straight line.
The car starts from Q at 0815, so plot the point (0815, 100). It is
then moving towards P at 50 km/h, so after 2 hours it will have
travelled 100 km (and arrived at P). Plot the point (1015, 0) and
join both points by connecting them with a straight line.
68 km
Graphical Solution
a
Solution
Notes
Average speed =
25
= 4 17 km/h
6
Graphical Solution
a
Lesson 05 Tutorial
Distance - Time Exercise
1
How far from town X will the car overtake the motorcycle?
Lesson 05 Solutions
Q1
50
= 7 14 km/h
7
Q2
35
= 7 km/h
5
(0930, 0) and (1030, 40). For the car leaving X draw a straight
line through points (1015, 0) and (1115, 90)
Point of intersection:
(b) Vertical coordinate 54km, (c) Horizontal coordinate 1051
C to D =
90
= 1 + (stopover) = 2 hrs
60
B to C =
120
= 1 + (stopover) = 2 hrs
80
250
= 47 6 km/h
1
5
4
y = 5x
y = 4x2 - 5
-3
15
-2
4
-1
a
0
-6
1
-5
2
0
for domain -3 x 3
b
-1
0
0
3
1
a
2
b
3
-12
y = 3 + x - 2x2
y = 2x2 - x - 6
-2
-7
3
b
-3
-18
for domain -3 x 3
b
1
16
2
8
16
x
y=
4
a
8
2
10
b
16
x
0 4
6
0 8
a
1
2 4
2
1 2
4
b
6
0 4
y=
24
x
0 2
12
24
x
Two towns A and B are 240 km apart. A car starts from town A at
0900 and drives towards town B at a steady speed of 80 km/h.
Another car starts from town B at 1030 and drives towards A at a
steady speed of 100 km/h.
a
Lesson 06 Solutions
1
Curve sketching
y = 5x2
b
y = 4x2 - 5
y = 2x2 - x - 6
a
a = 2(-1)2 - (-1) - 6
a=2+1-6
a = -3
b = 2(3)2 - (3) - 6
b = 18 - 3 - 6
b=9
+18
When y = 2
x = -18, 23
ii
gradient at x = -2 is
+18
= -9
2
-2
y = 2x2 - x - 6
y = 3 + x - 2x2
a
a = 3 + 1 - 2(1)2
a=3+1-2
a=2
b = 3 + 2 - 2(2)2
b=3+2-8
b = -3
+7
-1
y = -3
x = 2, -15
gradient at x = 2 is
+7
= -7
1
y = 3 + x - 2x2
y=
a
16
x
16
= 4,
4
16
b=
= 16
10
y=
a
a=
24
x
24
= 3,
08
24
= 06
b=
4
a=
y = 2x + 3
x
y
0
3
3
9
6
15
2 2
3x + 2y - 12 = 0.
x
y
0
6
2
3
4
0
05, 36
For line 4x + 3y = 24
x
0
3
y
8
4
For line y = 2x
x
0
2
y
0
4
6
0
4
8
For line 3x + 2y = 12
x
0
2
y
6
3
For line y = x
x
0
2
y
0
2
4
0
4
4
Average speed =
90
= 12 km/h
1
7
2
(0, 0) and (3, 240). For the car leaving B draw a straight line
through points (15, 240) and (25, 140)
Point of intersection:
(b) Vertical coordinate 174km,
(c) Horizontal coordinate 1110 (0900 + 2h 10min)
10 a
54
= 12 km/ h
1
4
2