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The Union Minister for Railways, Shri Suresh Prabhakar Prabhu presented the Railway
Budget 2016-17, in New Delhi on February 25, 2016.
The Indian Railway Budget for 2016-17 spared passengers and goods movement from
any increase in tariffs while it announced introduction of three new superfast trains
and creation of dedicated north-south, east-west and east coast freight corridors by
2019.
Presenting his second Budget in the Lok Sabha, Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu
promised rationalising of the tariff structure by undertaking a review to
evolve competitive rates vis-a-vis other modes of transport and to expand
the freight basket as a means of additional revenue mobilisation.
Unlike last year when he tweaked freight rates, Prabhu made no changes
either in passenger fares or freight rates.
The three new superfast trains announced by him include 'Humsafar'
which will be a fully air-conditioned 3AC service with option of meals.
'Tejas' will showcase the future of train travel in India with speeds up
to 130 km per hour with onboard services such as entertainment, local
cuisine and wifi.
The two trains will ensure cost recovery through tariff and non-tariff
measures while 'Uday' will be an overnight double-decker along with
'Utkrishit' double-decker air-conditioned yatri express on the busiest
routes.
For improving quality of travel for unreserved passenger, a superfast
'Antyodya' express service would be introduced.
'Deen Dayalu' unreserved coaches with portable water and higher
number of mobile charging points would also be introduced.
He also announced setting up of a Rail Development Authority to enable fair pricing
of services, promote competition, protect customer interest and determine efficiency
standards. The draft Bill in this regard will be ready after holding extensive stakeholder
consultations.
Outlining the Budget estimates for the coming year, the Minister put the plan size at
Rs 1.21 lakh crore.
The focus will be on capital expenditure with a mix of various sources of funding in
order to ensure the projects are given assured funding.
Gross traffic receipts for the coming fiscal have been fixed at Rs 1.84 lakh crore with
passenger earning growth pegged at 12.4 per cent and earning target budgeted at Rs
51,012 crore.
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The freight traffic is pegged at an incremental tariff of 50 million tons, anticipating a healthier growth in the core sector
of the economy.
Goods earning is accordingly proposed at Rs 1.17 lakh crore. Earnings on account of other coaching and sundries have
been projected at Rs 6,185 crore and Rs 9,590 crore respectively.
Pension outgo has been budgeted at Rs 45,500 crore in the coming year. Revenue generation has been targeted at Rs
1.84 lakh crore.
Financial performance for the current year has reflected a savings of Rs 8,720 crore, neutralising most of the revenue
shortfall.
Operating ratio has been targeted at 92 per cent for the coming year as against 90 per cent in 2015-16, restricting the
growth of ordinary expenses by 11.16 per cent after building in impact of 7th Pay Commission recommendation,
planned reduction in diesel and electricity consumption.
The three new freight corridors of North-South will connect Delhi and Chennai, East-West connecting Kharagpur to
Mumbai and East Coast from Kharagpur to Vijawada.
"It is proposed to put these three projects on high priority to ensure structuring, award and implementation in a timebound manner through innovative financing schemes including PPP," Prabhu said in his more than hour long speech.
Before the current financial year ends on March 31, almost all contracts for civil engineering work would have been
awarded.
Contracts worth Rs 24,000 crore have been awarded since he assumed office against Rs 13,000 crore worth of contracts
in the last six years.
Presenting his "vision", Prabhu promised that by 2020 long-felt desires of the common man will be fulfilled.
The objectives include reserved accommodation on trains on demand, time-tabled freight trains, high-end technology
to improve safety record, elimination of all unmanned level crossings, improved punctuality and higher speed of freight
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MASTER IN BUDGET 2016-17
Highlights of the
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Tourism
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Economic Survey 2015-16 states that the Gender Parity Index (2013-14 Provisional) however, shows an improvement
in girls education, with parity having been achieved between girls and boys at almost all levels of education. The
Government has taken several steps to provide education to underprivileged, vulnerable and marginalized people
such as SCs, STs, other Backward Classes (OBC) including Minorities and other Economically Backward Classes
through various programmes of education. Digital Gender Atlas for Advancing Girls Education in India was
launched last year to help identify low-performing geographic pockets for girls, particularly from marginalized
groups. A number of scholarship schemes to encourage enrolment and learning levels among different groups
are in operation. National Scholarship Portal, a single window system for various types of scholarship schemes
administered by different Ministries/Departments has been introduced under Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) mode.
During 2015-16, about 90 lakh Minority students are to be benefited under the Pre-matric, Post-matric and Meritcum-Means scholarship schemes, while about 23.21 lakh SC students benefited under Pre-matric, 56.30 lakh under
Post-matric and 3354 under the Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship including the Top Class Education scholarship
scheme are to be assisted.
Another aspect of human capital is the health attainments of the population. The expenditure on health as a percentage
of total expenditure on social services increased from 18.6% in 2013-14 to 19.3% in 2014-15 (RE) and 19.5% in
2015-16 (BE).
The Economic Survey reports that the under five mortality has declined from 126 in 1990 to 49 in 2013. As per
NFHS-4, the percentage of children fully immunized in the age group (12-23 months) is above 80 per cent in Sikkim
and West Bengal. All the 12 states surveyed have more than 50 per cent children fully immunized. Similarly under
Mission Indradhanush, 352 districts of the country have been covered with 20.8 lakh children and 5.8 lakh pregnant
women immunized in the first phase. 17.2 lakh children and 5.1 lakh pregnant women have been immunized in
the second phase and 17 lakh children and 4.8 lakh pregnant women immunized in the third phase of the Mission
Indradhanush.
Besides continuing support to existing interventions, initiatives such as RashtriyaBalSwasthyaKaryakram
(RBSK) and RashtriyaKishorSwasthyaKaryakram (RKSK) have been launched in 2013 and 2014 respectively
under the NHM to provide comprehensive health care. Considering the rising incidence of Non-Communicable
Diseases (NCSs), the Government of India has initiated an integrated National Programme for Prevention and
Control of Cancers, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) jointly by the Ministry of Health
and Family Welfare and Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy) on pilot basis
in six districts.
Economic Survey 2015-16 states that the immunization coverage of children, health of pregnant women, declining
role of public health delivery systems and the lack of adequate skilled personnel are the main challenges in the health
sector at present. Health and access to sanitation/housing amenities are closely related issues which can improve the
productivity and living environment of the population to a great extent. There are persistent regional disparities in
access to housing and sanitation facilities with some States lagging behind with less than 25 per cent coverage in
sanitation facilities.
The Way Forward
The Economic Survey 2015-16 points out the need to focus on the quality of education in both the public
and private sectors. There is need for professionally qualified and trained teachers to improve educational
outcomes. To strengthen the delivery of public health services and infrastructure facilities, both public
investments and leveraging of private investments are necessary. The adoption of technology platforms and
innovative models by leveraging Jan-Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM) scheme can improve the efficiency in
delivery of services.
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Union Finance Minister Shri ArunJaitleypresented the General Budget 2016-17 in LokSabha on February 29, 2016.
Finance Minister ArunJaitley presented India's national budget for 2016-17 in the LokSabha on Monday, saying the
country was a bright spot of the global economy today, while outlining his nine focus areas in which rural development took the top slot.
"I am presenting the budget when the global economy is in crisis," Jaitley said in his opening remarks, adding that
India, however, remained the bright spot in this gloom, turning difficulties into opportunities.
He said India's growth has expanded 7.5 percent, despite slowdown in exports, even as inflation had eased, bringing
big relief to the general public. He also said foreign exchange reserves were robust. "Indian growth is at an extraordinary high."
Jaitley said his budget will look at three pillars in right earnest: A prudent fiscal policy, raise domestic demand and
carry out reforms. He also said farm, rural sector, infrastructure and social sector will be allotted more money.
"Recapitalization of banks also to be done during next fiscal year," he said, as much concern have emerged over the
quantum of exposure of Indian scheduled banks in terms of gross non-productive assets, re-cast loans and write-offs,
which amounts to Rs.9.5 lakh crore.
He said the nine pillars of this year's budget will be: agriculture, social programmes, rural development, education
with skill development, infrastructure, financial reforms, policy reforms in terms of ease of doing business, fiscal
discipline and tax reforms.
"A unified agriculture
platform to be dedicated to the nation on
the birth anniversary of
Dr.B.R. Amebdkar,"
the finance minister
said, amid applause
from the benches.
He said the government had targeted
agriculture credit of
Rs.8.5 lakh crore in
2015-16, which was
being enhanced to Rs.9
lakh crore in the next
fiscal. He also said
Rs.19,000crore will
be allocated for rural
roads development
programme.
Overall,Rs.87,765crores
was being allocated for
rural development as a
whole.
At the same Rs.35,984crore was being allocated for agriculture in the next fiscal. This apart, the outlay under the job
guarantee programme was being enhanced to get Rs.38,500crore. These enhanced allocations are capable of transforming villages and towns, Jaitley said.
He said there was also the need to spread digital literacy in rural areas. In addition, he added, Rs.8,500crore was being
allotted towards rural electrification, targeting 100 percent rural electrification by May 1, 2018.
Jaitley also assured that the government intended to double the income of farmers in five years, besides allotting
Rs.35,984crore towards welfare of farmers. The proposals also included universal coverage of cooking gas in the
country, with a massive mission towards this aimed at the poor people.
In this regard, he said, the government appreciated the 75 lakh middle class and lower middle class families for willingly giving up cooking gas subsidy.
On health, he said, a new scheme will provide cover upto 1.lakh per family.
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Foreign exchange reserves touched highest ever level of about 350 billion US dollars.
CHALLENGES IN 2016-17
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Additional fiscal burden due to 7th Central Pay Commission recommendations and
OROP.
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Government to focus on
continuing with the pace of economic reforms and policy initiatives to change
the lives of our people for the better.
Focus on enhancing expenditure in priority areas of - farm and rural sector, social
sector, infrastructure sector employment generation and recapitalisation of the
banks.
Continue with the ongoing reform programme and ensure passage of the Goods and
Service Tax bill and Insolvency and Bankruptcy law
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A dedicated Long Term Irrigation Fund will be created in NABARD with an initial
corpus of about `20,000 crore
5 lakh farm ponds and dug wells in rain fed areas and 10 lakh compost pits for
production of organic manure will be taken up under MGNREGA
Soil Health Card scheme will cover all 14 crore farm holdings by March 2017.
2,000 model retail outlets of Fertilizer companies will be provided with soil and seed
testing facilities during the next three years
Promote organic farming through Parmparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana and 'Organic
Value Chain Development in North East Region'.
Allocation under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana increased to `19,000 crore.
Will connect remaining 65,000 eligible habitations by 2019.
To reduce the burden of loan repayment on farmers, a provision of `15,000 crore has
been made in the BE 2016-17 towards interest subvention
`850 crore for four dairying projects - Pashudhan Sanjivani, Nakul Swasthya
Patra, E-Pashudhan Haat and National Genomic Centre for indigenous breeds
RURAL SECTOR
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`2.87 lakh crore will be given as Grant in Aid to Gram Panchayats and Municipalities
as per the recommendations of the 14th Finance Commission
Every block under drought and rural distress will be taken up as an intensive Block
under the Deen Dayal Antyodaya Mission
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300 Rurban Clusters will be developed under the Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission
District Level Committees under Chairmanship of senior most Lok Sabha MP from
the district for monitoring and implementation of designated Central Sector and
Centrally Sponsored Schemes.
A new Digital Literacy Mission Scheme for rural India to cover around 6 crore
additional household within the next 3 years.
New scheme Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan proposed with allocation of `655 crore.
Allocation for social sector including education and health care `1,51,581 crore.
`2,000 crore allocated for initial cost of providing LPG connections to BPL families.
New health protection scheme will provide health cover up to `One lakh per family.
For senior citizens an additional top-up package up to `30,000 will be provided.
3,000 Stores under Prime Ministers Jan Aushadhi Yojana will be opened during 2016-17.
Stand Up India Scheme to facilitate at least two projects per bank branch. This
will benefit at least 2.5 lakh entrepreneurs.
National Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Hub to be set up in partnership with
industry associations
Allocation of `100 crore each for celebrating the Birth Centenary of Pandit Deen
Dayal Upadhyay and the 350th Birth Anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh.
Higher Education Financing Agency to be set-up with initial capital base of `1000 Crores
SKILL DEVELOPMENT
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JOB CREATION
#
GoI will pay contribution of 8.33% for of all new employees enrolling in EPFO for
the first three years of their employment. Budget provision of `1000 crore for this
scheme.
Deduction under Section 80JJAA of the Income Tax Act will be available to all
assesses who are subject to statutory audit under the Act
100 Model Career Centres to operational by the end of 2016-17 under National
Career Service.
Total investment in the road sector, including PMGSY allocation, would be `97,000
crore during 2016-17.
Indias highest ever kilometres of new highways were awarded in 2015. To approve
nearly 10,000 kms of National Highways in 2016-17.
Allocation of `55,000 crore in the Budget for Roads. Additional `15,000 crore to be
raised by NHAI through bonds.
Amendments to be made in Motor Vehicles Act to open up the road transport sector
in the passenger segment
Reforms in FDI policy in the areas of Insurance and Pension, Asset Reconstruction
Companies, Stock Exchanges.
100% FDI to be allowed through FIPB route in marketing of food products produced
and manufactured in India.
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Statutory basis for a Monetary Policy framework and a Monetary Policy Committee
through the Finance Bill 2016.
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Amendments in the SARFAESI Act 2002 to enable the sponsor of an ARC to hold
up to 100% stake in the ARC and permit non institutional investors to invest in
Securitization Receipts.
A Task Force has been constituted for rationalisation of human resources in various
Ministries.
Bill for Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services
by using the Aadhar framework to be introduced.
Automation facilities will be provided in 3 lakh fair price shops by March 2017.
Price Stabilisation Fund with a corpus of `900 crore to help maintain stable prices of Pulses.
FISCAL DISCIPLINE
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Plan expenditure pegged at `5.50 lakh crore under Plan, increase of 15.3%
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Every new scheme sanctioned will have a sunset date and outcome review.
Rationalised and restructured more than 1500 Central Plan Schemes into about 300
Central Sector and 30 Centrally Sponsored Schemes.
Raise the ceiling of tax rebate under section 87A from `2000 to `5000 to lessen tax
burden on individuals with income upto `5 laks.
Increase the limit of deduction of rent paid under section 80GG from `24000 per
annum to `60000, to provide relief to those who live in rented houses.
Increase the turnover limit under Presumptive taxation scheme under section 44AD
of the Income Tax Act to `2 crores to bring big relief to a large number of assesseesin
the MSME category.
Phasing outdeductionunderIncomeTax:
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Benefit of section 10AA to new SEZ units will be available to those units
which commence activity before 31.3.2020.
The weighted deduction under section 35CCD for skill development will
continue up to 1.4.2020
Lower the corporate tax rate for the next financial year for relatively small
enterprises i.e companies with turnover not exceeding `5 crore (in the
financial year ending March 2015), to 29% plus surcharge and cess.
100% deduction of profits for 3 out of 5 years for startups setup during April, 2016
to March,2019. MAT will apply in such cases.
10% rate of tax on income from worldwide exploitation of patents developed and
registered in Indiaby a resident.
Period for getting benefit of long term capital gain regime in case of unlisted
companies is proposed to be reduced from three to two years.
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Basic custom and excise duty on refrigerated containers reduced to 5% and 6%.
MAKE IN INDIA
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Changes in customs and excise duty rates on certain inputs to reduce costs and
improve competitiveness of domestic industry in sectors like Information technology
hardware, capital goods, defence production, textiles, mineral fuels & mineral oils,
chemicals & petrochemicals, paper, paperboard & newsprint, Maintenance repair
and overhauling [MRO] of aircrafts and ship repair.
Withdrawal up to 40% of the corpus at the time of retirement to be tax exempt in the
case of National Pension Scheme (NPS). Annuity fund which goes to legal heir will
not be taxable.
In case of superannuation funds and recognized provident funds, including EPF, the
same norm of 40% of corpus to be tax free will apply in respect of corpus created
out of contributions made on or from 1.4.2016.
Reduce service tax on Single premium Annuity (Insurance) Policies from 3.5% to
1.4% of the premium paid in certain cases.
100% deduction for profits to an undertaking in housing project for flats upto30 sq.
metres in four metro cities and 60 sq. metres in other cities, approved during June
2016 to March 2019 and completed in three years. MAT to apply.
Deduction for additional interest of `50,000 per annum for loans up to `35 lakh
sanctioned in 2016-17 for first time home buyers, where house cost does not exceed
`50 lakh.
Distribution made out of income of SPV to the REITs and INVITs having specified
shareholding will not be subjected to Dividend Distribution Tax, in respect of
dividend distributed after the specified date.
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Additional tax at the rate of 10% of gross amount of dividend will be payable by the
recipients receiving dividend in excess of `10 lakh per annum.
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Surcharge to be raised from 12% to 15% on persons, other than companies, firms
and cooperative societies having income above `1 crore.
Krishi Kalyan Cess, @ 0.5% on all taxable services, w.e.f. 1 June 2016. Proceeds
would be exclusively used for financing initiatives for improvement of agriculture
and welfare of farmers. Input tax credit of this cess will be available for payment of
this cess.
Infrastructure cess, of 1% on small petrol, LPG, CNG cars, 2.5% on diesel cars of
certain capacity and 4% on other higher engine capacity vehicles and SUVs. No
credit of this cess will be available nor credit of any other tax or duty be utilized for
paying this cess.
Excise duty of 1% without input tax credit or 12.5% with input tax credit on articles
of jewellery [excluding silver jewellery, other than studded with diamonds and some
other precious stones], with a higher exemption and eligibility limits of `6 crores
and `12 crores respectively.
Clean Energy Cess levied on coal, lignite and peat renamed to Clean Environment
Cess and rate increased from `200 per tonne to `400 per tonne.
Excise duties on various tobacco products other than beedi raised by about 10 to 15%.
Assignment of right to use the spectrum and its transfers has been deducted as a
service leviable to service tax and not sale of intangible goods.
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Committed to providing a stable and predictable taxation regime and reduce black money.
High Level Committee chaired by Revenue Secretary to oversee fresh cases where
assessing officer applies the retrospective amendment.
One-time scheme of Dispute Resolution for ongoing cases under retrospective amendment.
Penalty rates to be 50% of tax in case of underreporting of income and 200% of tax
where there is misreporting of facts.
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Time limit of one year for disposing petitions of the tax payers seeking waiver of
interest and penalty.
Mandatory for the assessing officer to grant stay of demand once the assesse pays
15% of the disputed demand, while the appeal is pending before Commissioner of
Income-tax (Appeals).
Monetary limit for deciding an appeal by a single member Bench of ITAT enhanced
from `15 lakhs to `50 lakhs.
11 new benches of Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT).
13 cesses, levied by various Ministries in which revenue collection is less than `50
crore in a year to be abolished.
For non-residents providing alternative documents to PAN card, higher TDS not to apply.
Customs Act to provide for deferred payment of customs duties for importers and
exporters with proven track record.
Expansion in the scope of e-assessments to all assessees in 7 mega cities in the coming years.
Interest at the rate of 9% p.a against normal rate of 6% p.a for delay in giving effect
to Appellate order beyond ninety days.
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