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water and high proportions of ammonium nitrate, some of which is in water solution.
May be a high explosive or a blasting agent depending on sensitizing materials used. May
be loaded in bulk or tube type cartridges.
SPACING Distance in feet between boreholes in a row measured perpendicular to the
burden and parallel to the free face.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY The ratio of the density of a material to the density of water,
(e.g., specific gravity of free-flowing ANFO is approximately equal to 0.85). Specific
gravities less than 1.0 are lighter than water; specific gravities greater than 1.0 are heavier
than water.
SPRING May be referred to as CHAMBERING. The creation of a pocket in the
bottom of a drill hole by detonating an unconfined quantity of explosives in order that
larger quantities of explosives may be loaded after the hole has cooled.
STEMMING An inert material used to confine or separate explosives in a borehole.
STRENGTH The measure of the energy content of an explosive in relation to
nitroglycerine dynamite.
SUB-DRILL To drill boreholes below the planned grade lines or below quarry floor
level.
-TTAMPING The process of packing stemming or explosive in a blasthole.
TOE Distance between the borehole and the vertical free face at the base of a bench.
TRUNKLINE A length of detonating cord on the surface connecting downlines
extending into each borehole.
-U-V-WWATER RESISTANCE The ability of an explosive to resist deterioration or loss of
efficiency when exposed to water in a borehole.
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