Die Kunst Des Liebens PDF

(ULFK)URPP
'LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
:LU 0HQVFKHQ VLQG PHLVWHQV
QLFKW LPVWDQGH XQVHUH )lKLJNHLW
]XP/LHEHQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ]XHLQHU
/LHEHGLH5HLIH6HOEVWHUNHQQWQLV
XQG0XWXPIDW
(ULFK )URPP GLVNXWLHUW LQ GLH
VHP %XFK GLH /LHEH LQ DOO LKUHQ
$VSHNWHQ QLFKW QXU GLH URPDQ
WLVFKH YRQ VR YLHOHQ IDOVFKHQ
9RUVWHOOXQJHQ XPJHEHQH /LHEH
VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH (OWHUQOLHEH
1lFKVWHQOLHEH HURWLVFKH /LHEH
6HOEVWOLHEH XQG GLH /LHEH ]X
*RWW
(ULFK)URPP
'LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
8OOVWHLQ%XFK1ULP9HUODJ8OOVWHLQ*PE+
,6%1
HERRNE\%22.=
5
86
'LHVHV(ERRNLVWQLFKW]XP9HUNDXIEHVWLPPW
(ULFK)URPP
'LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
HLQ8OOVWHLQ%XFK
8OOVWHLQ%XFK1U
LP9HUODJ8OOVWHLQ*PE+
)UDQNIXUW0%HUOLQ:LHQ
7LWHOGHUDPHULNDQLVFKHQ2ULJLQDODXVJDEH
7+($572)/29,1*
$XWRULVLHUWHhEHUVHW]XQJYRQ*QWHU(LFKHO
'HXWVFKH2ULJLQDODXVJDEH
8PVFKODJHQWZXUI.XUW:HLGHPDQQ
$OOH5HFKWHYRUEHKDOWHQ
E\(ULFK)URPP
3ULQWHGLQ*HUPDQ\
*HVDPWKHUVWHOOXQJ
(EQHU8OP'RQDX
,6%1
,QKDOWVYHU]HLFKQLV
(,1)h+581*
925:257

,67/,(%(1(,1(.8167"

',(7+(25,('(5/,(%(

/LHEHGLH$QWZRUWDXIGDV3UREOHP
GHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ]

/LHEH]ZLVFKHQ(OWHUQXQG.LQG

'LH2EMHNWHGHU/LHEH

D1lFKVWHQOLHEH

E0XWWHUOLHEH

F(URWLVFKH/LHEH

G6HOEVWOLHEH

H*RWWHVOLHEH

',(/,(%(81',+59(5)$//,1'(5
=(,7*(1g66,6&+(1:(67/,&+(1*(6(//6&+$)7

',(35$;,6'(6/,(%(16

(ULFK)URPP'LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
(,1)h+581*
'LHVHV %XFK LVW HLQ %DQG GHU :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ GLH

VLFK GLH$XIJDEH VWHOOHQ NXU]H 6FKULIWHQ GHU YHUDQWZRUWOLFKHQ
]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ 'HQNHU DXI YHUVFKLHGHQHQ *HELHWHQ KHUDXV
]XJHEHQ 'LH $EVLFKW LVW JUXQGOHJHQGH QHXH 5LFKWXQJHQ LQ
GHU PRGHUQHQ =LYLOLVDWLRQ DXI]X]HLJHQ GLH VFK|SIHULVFKHQ
.UlIWH ]X GHXWHQ GLH LP 2VWHQ ZLH LP :HVWHQ DP :HUNH VLQG
XQG GDV QHXH %HZXWVHLQ GHXWOLFK ]X PDFKHQ GDV ]X HL
QHP WLHIHUHQ 9HUVWlQGQLV GHU :HFKVHOEH]LHKXQJHQ ]ZLVFKHQ
0HQVFK XQG 8QLYHUVXP ,QGLYLGXXP XQG *HVHOOVFKDIW VRZLH
GHU DOOHQ 9|ONHUQ JHPHLQVDPHQ :HUWH EHLWUDJHQ NDQQ 'LH
:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ UHSUlVHQWLHUHQ GLH :HOWJHPHLQVFKDIW GHU
,GHHQ LQ HLQHP XQLYHUVDOHQ *HVSUlFK ZREHL VLH GDV 3ULQ]LS
GHU(LQKHLWGHU0HQVFKKHLWEHWRQHQGHU%HVWlQGLJNHLWLQGHU
:DQGOXQJ
1HXH(QWGHFNXQJHQLQYLHOHQ%HUHLFKHQGHV:LVVHQVKDEHQ
XQYHUPXWHWH $XVVLFKWHQ HU|IIQHW IU HLQ WLHIHUHV 9HUVWlQGQLV
GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6LWXDWLRQ XQG IU HLQH ULFKWLJH :UGLJXQJ
PHQVFKOLFKHU :HUWH XQG %HVWUHEXQJHQ 'LHVH $XVVLFKWHQ
REZRKOGDV(UJHEQLVQXUVSH]LDOLVLHUWHU6WXGLHQDXIEHJUHQ]WHQ

*HELHWHQHUIRUGHUQ]XLKUHU$QDO\VHXQG6\QWKHVHHLQHQQHXHQ
5DKPHQ LQ GHP VLH HUIRUVFKW EHUHLFKHUW XQG LQ DOO LKUHQ
$VSHNWHQ ]XP :lKOH GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQG GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW
JHI|UGHUWZHUGHQN|QQHQ6ROFKHLQHQ5DKPHQ]XEHVWLPPHQ
VLQGGLH:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQEHPKWLQGHU+RIIQXQJ]XHLQHU
/HKUHYRP0HQVFKHQ]XIKUHQ
(LQH$EVLFKWGLHVHU5HLKHLVWDXFKGHU9HUVXFKHLQ*UXQGEHO
GHU 0HQVFKKHLW ]X EHUZLQGHQ QlPOLFK GLH )ROJHQ GHU
$WRPLVLHUXQJ GHU :LVVHQVFKDIW GLH GXUFK GDV EHUZlOWLJHQGH
$QZDFKVHQGHU)DNWHQHQWVWDQGHQLVWGLHGLH:LVVHQVFKDIWDQV
/LFKWEUDFKWHIHUQHU,GHHQGXUFKHLQH%HIUXFKWXQJGHU*HLVWHU
]XNOlUHQXQG]XYHUELQGHQYRQYHUVFKLHGHQHQ*HVLFKWVSXQNWHQ
DXVGLHJHJHQVHLWLJH$EKlQJLJNHLWYRQ*HGDQNHQ)DNWHQXQG
:HUWHQLQLKUHUEHVWlQGLJHQ:HFKVHOZLUNXQJ]X]HLJHQGLH$UW
9HUZDQGWVFKDIW/RJLNXQG%HZHJXQJGHVJHVDPWHQ2UJDQLVPXV
GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW ]X GHPRQVWULHUHQ LQGHP VLH GHQ GDXHUQGHQ
=XVDPPHQKDQJGHU3UR]HVVHGHV0HQVFKHQJHLVWHV]HLJWXQGVR
GLHLQQHUH6\QWKHVHXQGGLHRUJDQLVFKH(LQKHLWGHV/HEHQVVHOEVW
]XHQWKOOHQ
'LH :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ VLQG EHU]HXJW GD WURW] GHU
8QWHUVFKLHGHXQG6WUHLWIUDJHQGHUKLHUGDUJHVWHOOWHQ'LV]LSOLQHQ
HLQH VWDUNH hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ GHU $XWRUHQ EHVWHKW KLQVLFKWOLFK
GHU EHUZlOWLJHQGHQ 1RWZHQGLJNHLW GLH )OOH ]ZLQJHQGHU
ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHU (UJHEQLVVH XQG GHU 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ
REMHNWLYHU 3KlQRPHQH YRQ GHU 3K\VLN ELV ]XU 0HWDSK\VLN
*HVFKLFKWHXQG%LRORJLH]XVLQQYROOHU(UIDKUXQJ]XYHUELQGHQ
8P GLHVHV *OHLFKJHZLFKW ]X VFKDIIHQ LVW HV QRWZHQGLJ GLH
JUXQGOHJHQGH 7DWVDFKH LQV %HZXWVHLQ ]X UXIHQ GD OHW]WOLFK

GLHLQGLYLGXHOOHPHQVFKOLFKH3HUV|QOLFKNHLWDOOGLHORVHQ)lGHQ]X
HLQHPRUJDQLVFKHQ*DQ]HQYHUNQSIHQXQGVLFK]XVLFKVHOEVW
GHU 0HQVFKKHLW XQG *HVHOOVFKDIW LQ %H]LHKXQJ VHW]HQ PX
ZlKUHQGVLHLKUH*HPHLQVFKDIWPLWGHP8QLYHUVXPYHUWLHIWXQG
VWHLJHUW'LHVHQ*HLVW]XYHUDQNHUQXQGLKQGHPLQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ
XQG VSLULWXHOOHQ /HEHQ GHU 0HQVFKKHLW 'HQNHQGHQ ZLH
+DQGHOQGHQ JOHLFKHUZHLVH WLHI HLQ]XSUlJHQ LVW WDWVlFKOLFK
HLQH JURH ZLFKWLJH $XIJDEH XQG NDQQ ZHGHU JlQ]OLFK GHU
1DWXUZLVVHQVFKDIWQRFKGHU5HOLJLRQEHUODVVHQZHUGHQ'HQQZLU
VWHKHQGHUXQDEZHLVEDUHQ1RWZHQGLJNHLWJHJHQEHUHLQ3ULQ]LS
GHU8QWHUVFKHLGXQJXQGGHQQRFK9HUZDQGWVFKDIW]XHQWGHFNHQ
GDV NODU JHQXJ LVW XP 1DWXUZLVVHQVFKDIW 3KLORVRSKLH XQG
MHGHDQGHUH.HQQWQLV]XUHFKWIHUWLJHQXQG]XOlXWHUQLQGHPHV
LKUHJHJHQVHLWLJH$EKlQJLJNHLWDQQLPPW'LHVLVWGLH.ULVLVLP
%HZXWVHLQGLHGXUFKGLH.ULVLVGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWGHXWOLFKZLUG
'LHVLVWGDVQHXH(UZDFKHQ
'LH:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQZROOHQEHZHLVHQGDJUXQGOHJHQGHV
WKHRUHWLVFKHV :LVVHQ PLW GHP G\QDPLVFKHQ ,QKDOW GHU *DQ]KHLW
GHV /HEHQV YHUEXQGHQ LVW 6LH VLQG GHU QHXHQ 6\QWKHVH
JHZLGPHWGLH(UNHQQWQLVXQG,QWXLWLRQ]XJOHLFKLVW6LHEHIDVVHQ
VLFKPLWGHU(UQHXHUXQJGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWLQEH]XJDXIGLH1DWXU
GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQG VHLQ 9HUVWlQGQLV HLQH $XIJDEH IU GLH
V\QWKHWLVFKH,PDJLQDWLRQXQGLKUHHLQLJHQGHQ$XVEOLFNH'LHVH
6LWXDWLRQ GHV 0HQVFKHQ LVW QHX XQG GDUXP PX DXFK VHLQH
$QWZRUWGDUDXIQHXVHLQ'HQQGLH1DWXUGHV0HQVFKHQLVWDXI
YLHOHQ :HJHQ HUNHQQEDU XQG DOO GLHVH 3IDGH GHU (UNHQQWQLV
VLQG]XYHUNQSIHQXQGPDQFKHVLQGPLWHLQDQGHUYHUNQSIWZLH
HLQJURHV1HW]HLQJURHV1HW]]ZLVFKHQ0HQVFKHQ]ZLVFKHQ
,GHHQ ]ZLVFKHQ 6\VWHPHQ GHU (UNHQQWQLV HLQH $UW UDWLRQDO

JHGDFKWHU 6WUXNWXU GLH PHQVFKOLFKH .XOWXU XQG *HVHOOVFKDIW
EHGHXWHW
:LVVHQVFKDIWGDVZLUGLQGLHVHU%FKHUUHLKHJH]HLJWEHVWHKW
QLFKWPHKUGDULQ0HQVFKXQG1DWXUDOVJHJHQVlW]OLFKH0lFKWH
]X EHKDQGHOQ DXFK QLFKW LQ GHU 5HGX]LHUXQJ YRQ 7DWVDFKHQ
DXI HLQH VWDWLVWLVFKH 2UGQXQJ VRQGHUQ VLH LVW HLQ 0LWWHO GLH
0HQVFKKHLW YRQ GHU GHVWUXNWLYHQ *HZDOW GHU )XUFKW ]X
EHIUHLHQ XQG LKU GHQ :HJ ]XP =LHO GHU 5HKDELOLWLHUXQJ GHV
PHQVFKOLFKHQ :LOOHQV GHU :LHGHUJHEXUW GHV *ODXEHQV XQG
9HUWUDXHQV]XZHLVHQ'LHVH%FKHUUHLKHZLOODXFKNODUPDFKHQ
GD GHU 6FKUHL QDFK 9RUELOGHUQ 6\VWHPHQ XQG $XWRULWlWHQ
ZHQLJHUGULQJOLFKZLUGLQGHP0DHZLHLP2VWHQXQG:HVWHQ
GHU :XQVFK QDFK :LHGHUKHUVWHOOXQJ HLQHU :UGH /DXWHUNHLW
XQG 6HOEVWYHUZLUNOLFKXQJ VWlUNHU ZLUG GLH XQYHUlXHUOLFKH
5HFKWH GHV 0HQVFKHQ VLQG 'HQQ HU LVW NHLQH 7DEXOD UDVD GHU
GXUFK lXHUH 8PVWlQGH DOOHV ZLOONUOLFK DXIJHSUlJW ZHUGHQ
NDQQVRQGHUQHUEHVLW]WGLHHLQ]LJDUWLJH0|JOLFKNHLWGHUIUHLHQ
6FK|SIHUNUDIW 'DGXUFK XQWHUVFKHLGHW VLFK GHU 0HQVFK YRQ
GHQ DQGHUHQ )RUPHQ GHV /HEHQV GD HU LP /LFKWH UDWLRQDOHU
(UIDKUXQJPLWEHZXWHU=LHOVHW]XQJ:DQGHOVFKDIIHQNDQQ
'LH :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ SODQHQ (LQEOLFN LQ GLH %HGHXWXQJ
GHV0HQVFKHQ]XJHZLQQHQGHUQLFKWQXUGXUFKGLH*HVFKLFKWH
EHVWLPPW ZLUG VRQGHUQ VHOEVW GLH *HVFKLFKWH EHVWLPPW
*HVFKLFKWHVROOGDEHLVRYHUVWDQGHQZHUGHQGDVLHVLFKQLFKWQXU
PLWGHP/HEHQGHV0HQVFKHQDXIGLHVHP3ODQHWHQEHVFKlIWLJW
VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH NRVPLVFKHQ (LQVVH XPIDW GLH XQVHUH
0HQVFKHQZHOW GXUFKGULQJHQ 'LH MHW]LJH *HQHUDWLRQ HQWGHFNW
GDGLH*HVFKLFKWHQLFKWGHQVR]LDOHQ2SWLPLVPXVGHUPRGHUQHQ

=LYLOLVDWLRQ EHVWlWLJW XQG GD GLH 2UJDQLVDWLRQ PHQVFKOLFKHU
*HPHLQVFKDIWHQXQGGLH6HW]XQJYRQ)UHLKHLW*HUHFKWLJNHLWXQG
)ULHGHQQLFKWQXULQWHOOHNWXHOOH7DWHQVRQGHUQDXFKJHLVWLJHXQG
PRUDOLVFKH :HUNH VLQG 6LH YHUODQJHQ GLH 3HJH GHU *DQ]KHLW
PHQVFKOLFKHU3HUV|QOLFKNHLWGLHVSRQWDQH*DQ]KHLWYRQ)KOHQ
XQG'HQNHQXQGVWHOOHQHLQHXQDXIK|UOLFKH)RUGHUXQJDQGHQ
0HQVFKHQGHUDXVGHP$EJUXQGYRQ6LQQORVLJNHLWXQG/HLGHQ
HPSRUVWHLJW XP LQ GHU *DQ]KHLW VHLQHV 'DVHLQV HUQHXHUW XQG
YROOHQGHW]XZHUGHQ
'LH :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ VLQG VLFK GHVVHQ EHZXW GD DOOHQ
JURHQ:DQGOXQJHQHLQHOHEHQGLJHJHLVWLJH1HXEHZHUWXQJXQG
5HRUJDQLVDWLRQ YRUDQJHKW 8QVHUH $XWRUHQ ZLVVHQ GD PDQ
GLH 6QGH GHU +\EULV YHUPHLGHQ NDQQ LQGHP PDQ ]HLJW GD
GHU VFK|SIHULVFKH 3UR]H VHOEVW QLFKW IUHL LVW ZHQQ ZLU XQWHU
IUHL ZLOONUOLFK RGHU XQYHUEXQGHQ PLW GHP NRVPLVFKHQ *HVHW]
YHUVWHKHQ 'HQQ GHU VFK|SIHULVFKH 3UR]H LP 0HQVFKHQJHLVW
GHU (QWZLFNOXQJVSUR]H LQ GHU RUJDQLVFKHQ 1DWXU XQG GLH
*UXQGJHVHW]H LP DQRUJDQLVFKHQ %HUHLFK VLQG YLHOOHLFKW QXU
YHUVFKLHGHQH $XVGUFNH HLQHV XQLYHUVDOHQ )RUPXQJVSUR]HVVHV
6R KRIIHQ GLH :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ DXFK ]X ]HLJHQ GD LQ GHU
JHJHQZlUWLJHQ DSRNDO\SWLVFKHQ 3HULRGH REZRKO YROO YRQ
DXHURUGHQWOLFKHQ6SDQQXQJHQGRFKDXFKHLQHXQJHZ|KQOLFKH
%HZHJXQJ ]X HLQHU NRPSHQVLHUHQGHQ (LQKHLW KLQ DP :HUNH
LVW ZHOFKH GLH VLWWOLFKH 8UNUDIW QLFKW VW|UHQ NDQQ GLH
GDV 8QLYHUVXP GXUFKGULQJW GLHVH .UDIW DXI GLH VLFK MHGH
PHQVFKOLFKH $QVWUHQJXQJ VFKOLHOLFK VWW]HQ PX $XI GLHVHP
:HJH JHODQJHQ ZLU YLHOOHLFKW ]XP 9HUVWlQGQLV GDIU GD HLQH
8QDEKlQJLJNHLW JHLVWLJHQ :DFKVWXPV H[LVWLHUW GLH ZRKO GXUFK
8PVWlQGHEHGLQJWGRFKQLHPDOVYRQGHQ8PVWlQGHQEHVWLPPW

ZLUG $XI GLHVH $UW PDJ GHU JURH hEHUX PHQVFKOLFKHQ
:LVVHQV LQ :HFKVHOEH]LHKXQJ JHEUDFKW ZHUGHQ ]XU (LQVLFKW
LQ GDV :HVHQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 1DWXU LQGHP PDQ LKQ DXI
GHQ WLHIHQ XQG YROOHQ .ODQJ PHQVFKOLFKHU *HGDQNHQ XQG
(UIDKUXQJHQDEVWLPPW'HQQZDVXQVIHKOWLVWQLFKWGDV:LVVHQ
XPGLH6WUXNWXUGHV8QLYHUVXPVVRQGHUQGDV%HZXWVHLQYRQ
GHUTXDOLWDWLYHQ(LQ]LJDUWLJNHLWPHQVFKOLFKHQ/HEHQV
8QGHQGOLFKLVWGDV7KHPDGLHVHU:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQGD
GHU0HQVFKLP%HJULIILVWHLQQHXHV%HZXWVHLQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ
GDVWURW]VFKHLQEDUHUJHLVWLJHUXQGPRUDOLVFKHU.QHFKWVFKDIWGDV
0HQVFKHQJHVFKOHFKWYLHOOHLFKWEHUGLH)XUFKWGLH8QZLVVHQKHLW
GLH %UXWDOLWlW XQG GLH ,VROLHUXQJ HUKHEHQ NDQQ GLH HV KHXWH
EHGUFNHQ 'LHVHP HQWVWHKHQGHQ %HZXWVHLQ GLHVHP %HJULII
GHV0HQVFKHQDXVHLQHUQHXHQ6LFKWGHU:LUNOLFKNHLWJHERUHQ
VLQGGLH:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQJHZLGPHW
5XWK1DQGD$QVKHQ

925:257
'LH/HNWUHGLHVHV%XFKHVZLUGHLQH(QWWlXVFKXQJIUDOOH
/HVHUVHLQGLHVLFKYRQLKPHLQHOHLFKWIDOLFKH8QWHUULFKWXQJ
LQGHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQVHUZDUWHQ'DV%XFKP|FKWHJDQ]LP
*HJHQWHLO]HLJHQGD/LHEHQLFKWHLQ*HIKOLVWGHPPDQVLFK
HLQIDFKKLQ]XJHEHQEUDXFKWXQJHDFKWHWGHP*UDGGHU5HLIH
GHQ PDQ HUUHLFKW KDW HV P|FKWH GHQ /HVHU EHU]HXJHQ
GD MHGHU 9HUVXFK GHU /LHEH IHKOVFKODJHQ PX VRODQJH
PDQ VLFK QLFKW EHPKW GLH HLJHQH *HVDPWSHUV|QOLFKNHLW ]X
HQWZLFNHOQXQGGDPLW]XHLQHUVFK|SIHULVFKHQ2ULHQWLHUXQJ
]XJHODQJHQXQGGDPDQLQGHULQGLYLGXHOOHQ/LHEHNHLQH
%HIULHGLJXQJ QGHQ ZLUG VRODQJH PDQ QLFKW LPVWDQGH LVW
VHLQHQ1lFKVWHQ]XOLHEHQXQGGLHVZLUNOLFKGHPWLJPXWLJ
HKUOLFKXQGGLV]LSOLQLHUWWXW-HGHUPDJVLFKVHOEVWGLH)UDJH
VWHOOHQZLHYLHOH0HQVFKHQHUNHQQWGLHZLUNOLFKYROOXQG
HFKW]XOLHEHQIlKLJVLQG
'HQQRFKVROOWHGLH6FKZLHULJNHLWGLHVHU$XIJDEHQRFKODQJH
NHLQ*UXQGVHLQJDUQLFKWHUVWGHQ9HUVXFK]XPDFKHQGLH*UQGH
IUGLHVH6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ]XVXFKHQXQGGLH%HGLQJXQJHQ]X
LKUHU hEHUZLQGXQJ ]X YHUVWHKHQ 8P GLHVHV 3UREOHP QLFKW
XQQ|WLJ ]X NRPSOL]LHUHQ KDEH LFK PLFK EHPKW HV LQ HLQHU
6SUDFKH ]X EHKDQGHOQ GLH ZHLWP|JOLFKVW YRQ IDFKOLFKHQ
$XVGUFNHQ XQEHODVWHW LVW $XV GHP JOHLFKHQ *UXQGH KDEH

LFKQXUHLQ0LQGHVWPDDQ+LQZHLVHQDXIGLHHQWVSUHFKHQGH
/LWHUDWXUJHJHEHQ
)U HLQ DQGHUHV 3UREOHP KDEH LFK DOOHUGLQJV NHLQH Y|OOLJ
EHIULHGLJHQGH/|VXQJJHIXQGHQ'DPLWPHLQHLFKEHVRQGHUVGLH
:LHGHUKROXQJYRQ*HGDQNHQGLHEHUHLWVLQPHLQHQIUKHUHQ
9HU|IIHQWOLFKXQJHQ ]X QGHQ VLQG 'HU /HVHU GHU PHLQH
%FKHU 'LH )XUFKW YRU GHU )UHLKHLW XQG 3V\FKRDQDO\VH XQG
(WKLNNHQQWZLUGKLHUHLQH5HLKHYRQ*HGDQNHQDQWUHIIHQGLH
EHUHLWVLQGHQJHQDQQWHQ:HUNHQHQWKDOWHQVLQG'LH.XQVWGHV
/LHEHQVLVWMHGRFKNHLQHVZHJVHLQHEORH=XVDPPHQIDVVXQJ
GLHVHV %XFK EULQJW HLQH )ROJH YRQ *HGDQNHQ GLH MHQVHLWV
GHU IUKHU GDUJHVWHOOWHQ OLHJHQ XQG HV LVW QXU QDWUOLFK GD
DXFK lOWHUH *HGDQNHQ DOOHLQ GDGXUFK HLQH QHXH 3HUVSHNWLYH
EHNRPPHQ GD VLH MHW]W XP HLQ HLQ]LJHV 7KHPD NUHLVHQ
XPGLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
()
'HU GHU QLFKWV ZHL OLHEW QLFKWV 'HU GHU QLFKWV NDQQ
YHUVWHKWQLFKWV'HUGHUQLFKWVYHUVWHKWLVWZHUWORV'HUDEHU
GHUYHUVWHKWOLHEWXQGHUNHQQWXQGVLHKW- H PHKU:LVVHQPLW
HLQHU6DFKHYHUEXQGHQLVWGHVWRJU|HULVWGLH/LHEH:HQQ
HLQHUJODXEWGDDOOH)UFKWH]XUJOHLFKHQ=HLWUHLIVLQGZLH
GLH(UGEHHUHQYHUVWHKWHUQLFKWVYRQGHQ:HLQWUDXEHQ
3DUDFHOVXV

,
,67/,(%(1(,1(.8167"
,VW /LHEHQ HLQH .XQVW" 'DQQ HUIRUGHUW HV :LVVHQ XQG

%HPKXQJ2GHULVW/LHEHQQXUHLQDQJHQHKPHV*HIKOGDV
]XYHUVSUHQQXUHLQH6DFKHGHV=XIDOOVLVWHWZDVGHPPDQ
YHUIlOOWZHQQPDQ*OFNKDW"'LHVHVNOHLQH%XFKEDVLHUW
DXI GHU HUVWJHQDQQWHQ$QQDKPH ZlKUHQG GLH0HKUKHLWGHU
0HQVFKHQ]ZHLIHOORVDQGLH]ZHLWH$QQDKPHJODXEW
'LHVH 0HQVFKHQ VLQG NHLQHVZHJV GHU$QVLFKW GD /LHEHQ
QLFKW ZLFKWLJ VHL 6LH VLQG YLHOPHKU YROOHU 9HUODQJHQ QDFK
/LHEH VLH VHKHQ VLFK HLQH HQGORVH =DKO YRQ )LOPHQ PLW
JOFNOLFKHQ XQG XQJOFNOLFKHQ /LHEHVJHVFKLFKWHQ DQ VLH
ODXVFKHQ +XQGHUWHQ DOEHUQHU /LHGHU EHU GLH /LHEH XQG
GHQQRFKJODXEWNHLQHUGDHVLUJHQGHWZDVJLEWGDVPDQEHU
GDV/LHEHQOHUQHQPWH
'LHVH VRQGHUEDUH +DOWXQJ EHUXKW DXI YHUVFKLHGHQHQ
9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQ GLH HLQ]HOQ RGHU JHPHLQVDP GLHVH +DOWXQJ
QRFKVWW]HQ'LHPHLVWHQ0HQVFKHQVHKHQLQGHP3UREOHPGHV
/LHEHQVLQHUVWHU/LQLHGDV3UREOHPVHOEVWJHOLHEW]XZHUGHQ

XQG QLFKW VR VHKU GDV 3UREOHP GHV /LHEHQV GHU HLJHQHQ
)lKLJNHLW]XOLHEHQ'HPQDFKKHLWIUVLHGDV3UREOHP:HUGH
LFKJHOLHEWZLHNDQQLFKOLHEHQVZHUWVHLQ"8P]XGLHVHP=LHO
]X JHODQJHQ VFKODJHQ VLH YHUVFKLHGHQH :HJH HLQ 'HU HLQH
GHUEHVRQGHUVYRQ0lQQHUQYHUIROJWZLUGLVWGHU9HUVXFKVR
HUIROJUHLFKVRPlFKWLJXQGVRUHLFK]XVHLQZLHHVGHUVR]LDOH
6SLHOUDXPGHUHLJHQHQ3RVLWLRQQXU]XOlW(LQDQGHUHUPHKU
YRQ)UDXHQEHJDQJHQLVWGHU9HUVXFKP|JOLFKVWDWWUDNWLY]X
ZLUNHQZDVVLFKGXUFK.|USHUSHJH.OHLGXQJXVZHUUHLFKHQ
OlW$QGHUH0|JOLFKNHLWHQGLH]XGLHVHP=ZHFNVRZRKOYRQ
0lQQHUQ DOV DXFK YRQ )UDXHQ DQJHZDQGW ZHUGHQ VLQG QHWWH
0DQLHUHQ LQWHUHVVDQWH 8QWHUKDOWXQJHQ +LOIVEHUHLWVFKDIW
%HVFKHLGHQKHLW XQG =XUFNKDOWXQJ 9LHOH :HJH VLFK VHOEVW
OLHEHQVZHUW ]X PDFKHQ JOHLFKHQ MHQHQ GLH PDQ HLQVFKOlJW
XPHUIROJUHLFK]XVHLQXP)UHXQGH]XJHZLQQHQXQGDQGHUH
0HQVFKHQ ]X EHHLQXVVHQ 7DWVDFKH LVW GD GDV ZDV GLH
PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW XQWHU OLHEHQVZHUW
YHUVWHKHQ LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ QXU HLQH 0LVFKXQJ YRQ ]ZHL
7HQGHQ]HQLVWSRSXOlU]XVHLQXQG6H[DSSHDO]XKDEHQ
(LQH]ZHLWH9RUDXVVHW]XQJGLHKLQWHUGHU$QQDKPHVWHKW
GDHVLP=XVDPPHQKDQJPLWGHU/LHEHQLFKWV]XOHUQHQJlEH
LVW GLH $QVLFKW GD GDV 3UREOHP GHV /LHEHQV GDV 3UREOHP
HLQHV2EMHNWVQLFKWDEHUGDV3UREOHPHLQHU)lKLJNHLWLVW'LH
0HQVFKHQJODXEHQGDGDV/LHEHQVHOEVWVHKUHLQIDFKVHLGD
HVMHGRFKVHKUVFKZHUZlUHGDVULFKWLJH2EMHNW]XP/LHEHQ
RGHU ]XP *HOLHEWZHUGHQ ]X QGHQ 'LHVH$QQDKPH KDW
YHUVFKLHGHQH *UQGH GLH LQ GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU PRGHUQHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIW ZXU]HOQ (LQ *UXQG LVW GLH JURH 9HUlQGHUXQJ
GLH LP ]ZDQ]LJVWHQ -DKUKXQGHUW KLQVLFKWOLFK GHU :DKO GHV

/LHEHVREMHNWHV HLQWUDW ,P QHXQ]HKQWHQ -DKUKXQGHUW ZDU
GLH /LHEH LQ YLHOHQ EHUOLHIHUWHQ .XOWXUHQ ]XPHLVW NHLQ
VSRQWDQHVSHUV|QOLFKHV(UOHEQLVGLHVSlWHUYLHOOHLFKW]XHLQHU
(KHIKUWH,P*HJHQWHLO'LH(KHZXUGHYHUWUDJOLFKIHVWJHOHJW
XQG GXUFKJHIKUW HQWZHGHU GXUFK GLH EHWHLOLJWHQ )DPLOLHQ
GXUFKHLQHQ(KHYHUPLWWOHURGHUDXFKRKQHGLH+LOIHGHUDUWLJHU
9HUPLWWOXQJHQ 6LH ZXUGH DXI GHU %DVLV JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHU
hEHUOHJXQJHQJHVFKORVVHQXQGPDQZDUGHU$QVLFKWGD
GLH /LHEH VLFK YRQ VHOEVW HQWZLFNHOQ ZUGH ZHQQ GLH (KH
JHVFKORVVHQ VHL ,P /DXIH GHU OHW]WHQ -DKU]HKQWH LVW MHGRFK
GHU %HJULII GHU URPDQWLVFKHQ /LHEH LQ GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ :HOW
IDVW DOOJHPHLQ DQHUNDQQW ZRUGHQ 2EJOHLFK hEHUOHJXQJHQ
NRQYHQWLRQHOOHU $UW LQ GHQ 9HUHLQLJWHQ 6WDDWHQ QLFKW Y|OOLJ
IHKOHQ VXFKHQ GLH 0HQVFKHQ DXFK KLHU ]XPHLVW QDFK GHU
URPDQWLVFKHQ/LHEHQDFKGHPSHUV|QOLFKHQ/LHEHVHUOHEQLV
GDVGDQQ]XU(KHIKUW'LHVHVQHXH.RQ]HSWYRQGHU)UHLKHLW
GHU/LHEHPXGLH%HGHXWXQJGHV2EMHNWVLP*HJHQVDW]]XU
%HGHXWXQJGHU)XQNWLRQQRFKEHGHXWHQGJHVWHLJHUWKDEHQ
0LW GLHVHP )DNWRU KlQJW QRFK HLQ DQGHUHU =XJ HQJ
]XVDPPHQGHUIUGLH]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKH.XOWXUFKDUDNWHULVWLVFK
LVW 8QVHUH JDQ]H .XOWXU EDVLHUW DXI GHU .DXXVW DXI GHU
9RUVWHOOXQJ HLQHV IU EHLGH 6HLWHQ JQVWLJHQ $XVWDXVFKHV
'DV *OFN GHV PRGHUQHQ 0HQVFKHQ OLHJW LQ GHP9HUJQJHQ
VLFK GLH 6FKDXIHQVWHU DQ]XVHKHQ XQG GDV ]X NDXIHQ ZDV
]X NDXIHQ HU VLFK OHLVWHQ NDQQ HQWZHGHU JHJHQ %DU]DKOXQJ
RGHU DXI 5DWHQ (U RGHU VLH VLHKW VLFK GLH 0LWPHQVFKHQ LQ
JDQ] lKQOLFKHU :HLVH DQ )U GHQ 0DQQ LVW HLQ DWWUDNWLYHV
0lGFKHQ IU GLH )UDX LVW HLQ DWWUDNWLYHU 0DQQ GDV
ZDV PDQ VXFKW $WWUDNWLY EHGHXWHW JHZ|KQOLFK HLQ

QHWWHV %QGHO YRQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ GLH EHOLHEW XQG DXI GHP
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVPDUNW LP $XJHQEOLFN JHIUDJW VLQG :DV
HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ LQVEHVRQGHUH DWWUDNWLY PDFKW KlQJW YRQ
GHU MHZHLOLJHQ 0RGH DE XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO LQ SK\VLVFKHU DOV
DXFK LQ JHLVWLJHU +LQVLFKW ,Q GHQ ]ZDQ]LJHU -DKUHQ JDOW HLQ
UDXFKHQGHVXQGWULQNHQGHV0lGFKHQGDVHLQHQ]ZLHOLFKWLJHQ
(LQGUXFN PDFKWH XQG VH[\ ZDU DOV DWWUDNWLY KHXWH VLQG
+lXVOLFKNHLW XQG =XUFNKDOWXQJ PHKU JHIUDJW$P (QGH GHV
QHXQ]HKQWHQ XQG ]X %HJLQQ GHV ]ZDQ]LJVWHQ -DKUKXQGHUWV
PXWHGHU0DQQDJJUHVVLYXQGHKUJHL]LJVHLQXPDWWUDNWLY]X
ZLUNHQKHXWHGDJHJHQYHUODQJWPDQYRQLKPGDHUVR]LDO
XQG WROHUDQW VHL -HGHQIDOOV HQWZLFNHOW VLFK GDV *HIKO GHV
9HUOLHEHQVJHZ|KQOLFKQXULP+LQEOLFNDXIMHQHPHQVFKOLFKHQ
$UWLNHO GLH LQQHUKDOE GHU HLJHQHQ 7DXVFKP|JOLFKNHLWHQ
OLHJHQ ,FK ZLOO HLQHQ +DQGHO YRUQHKPHQ GDV 2EMHNW VROO
DEHUQLFKWQXUYRP6WDQGSXQNWGHVJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ:HUWHV
HUVWUHEHQVZHUW VHLQ VRQGHUQ PLFK ]X JOHLFKHU =HLW HEHQIDOOV
KDEHQZROOHQXQG]ZDUVRZRKOZHJHQPHLQHURIIHQVLFKWOLFKHQ
DOV DXFK ZHJHQ PHLQHU QLFKW HUNHQQEDUHQ $NWLYD =ZHL
3HUVRQHQYHUOLHEHQVLFKDOVRLQHLQDQGHUZHQQVLHGDV*HIKO
KDEHQ GDV JHHLJQHWVWH DXI GHP 0DUNW YHUIJEDUH 2EMHNW
JHIXQGHQ]XKDEHQXQWHU%HUFNVLFKWLJXQJGHU*UHQ]HQLKUHV
HLJHQHQ 7DXVFKZHUWHV :LH EHLP *UXQGVWFNVNDXI VSLHOHQ
DXFK GLH YHUERUJHQHQ :HUWH GLH HQWZLFNOXQJVIlKLJ VLQG
EHL GLHVHP +DQGHO HLQH EHWUlFKWOLFKH 5ROOH ,Q HLQHU .XOWXU
LQ GHU GHU NDXIPlQQLVFKH 6LQQ YRUKHUUVFKW XQG LQ GHU GHU
PDWHULHOOH(UIROJYRQEHUUDJHQGHP:HUWLVWJLEWHVHLJHQWOLFK
NHLQHQ*UXQGGDYRQEHUUDVFKW]XVHLQGDGLHPHQVFKOLFKHQ

/LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQ GHQ JOHLFKHQ *UXQG]JHQ IROJHQ GLH GHQ
:DUHQXQGGHQ$UEHLWVPDUNWEHKHUUVFKHQ
'HU GULWWH ,UUWXP GHU ]X GHU$QQDKPH IKUW GD HV LQ
GHU /LHEH QLFKWV ]X OHUQHQ JlEH OLHJW LQ GHU 9HUZLUUXQJ GLH
]ZLVFKHQGHPDQIlQJOLFKHQ(UOHEQLVGHV9HUOLHEHQVXQGGHP
GDXHUKDIWHQ6WDGLXPGHV/LHEHQVKHUUVFKWGHXWOLFKHUZLUGGHU
8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQGLHVHQEHLGHQ%HJULIIHQZHQQZLUGLH
HQWVSUHFKHQGHQHQJOLVFKHQ%H]HLFKQXQJHQIDOOLQJLQORYH
XQG EHLQJ LQ ORYH GDIU QHKPHQ :HQQ ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ
GLHVLFKZLHZLUDOOHELVKHUDOV)UHPGHJHJHQEHUVWDQGHQ
SO|W]OLFK ]XODVVHQ GD GLH ]ZLVFKHQ LKQHQ VWHKHQGH :DQG
]XVDPPHQEULFKW XQG VLFK HLQDQGHU ]XJHK|ULJ DOV HLQV
IKOHQ JHK|UW GLHVHU $XJHQEOLFN GHU (LQKHLW ]X GHQ
IUHXGLJVWHQXQGHUUHJHQGVWHQ(UOHEQLVVHQ1RFKZXQGHUEDUHU
XQG XQEHJUHLLFKHU LVW HU IU 0HQVFKHQ GLH ELVKHU
DEJHVFKQLWWHQLVROLHUWXQGRKQH/LHEHOHEWHQ'LHVHV:XQGHU
GHUSO|W]OLFKHQ9HUWUDXWKHLWZLUGKlXILJGDGXUFKHUOHLFKWHUW
GDHVPLWVH[XHOOHU$Q]LHKXQJXQG9HUHLQLJXQJYHUEXQGHQ
LVWRGHUGXUFKVLHEHUKDXSWHUVWDXVJHO|VWZLUG'LHVH$UW
GHU /LHEH LVW MHGRFK LKUHP JDQ]HQ :HVHQ QDFK QLFKW YRQ
'DXHU 'LH EHLGHQ 0HQVFKHQ OHUQHQ VLFK ]ZDU JUQGOLFK
NHQQHQ DEHU LKUH 9HUWUDXWKHLW YHUOLHUW LPPHU PHKU YRQ
LKUHP ZXQGHUYROOHQ &KDUDNWHU ELV $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ
(QWWlXVFKXQJHQ XQG JHJHQVHLWLJH /DQJHZHLOH DOOHV DEW|WHQ
ZDV YRQ GHP DQIlQJOLFKHQ 5HL] EULJJHEOLHEHQ LVW $P
$QIDQJ LVW VLFK MHGRFK QLHPDQG GDUEHU NODU 7DWVDFKH LVW
GD PDQ GLH ,QWHQVLWlW GHU9HUQDUUWKHLW GLHVHV JHJHQVHLWLJHQ
9HUUFNWVHLQV QDFK GHP DQGHUHQ DOV %HZHLV IU GLH

,QWHQVLWlWGHU/LHEHKlOWZlKUHQGHVGRFKQLFKWPHKULVWDOV
GHU%HZHLVIUGHQ*UDGGHUYRUKHUJHJDQJHQHQ(LQVDPNHLW
'LHVH$QQDKPH GD QLFKWV OHLFKWHU VHL DOV GLH /LHEH LVW
LPPHU QRFK GLH YRUKHUUVFKHQGH 9RUVWHOOXQJ REJOHLFK GDV
*HJHQWHLOLQEHUZlOWLJHQGHP8PIDQJEHZLHVHQLVW(VJLEW
NDXPHLQH$NWLYLWlWNDXPHLQ8QWHUQHKPHQGDVPLWGHUDUWLJ
XQJHKHXUHQ +RIIQXQJHQ XQG (UZDUWXQJHQ EHJRQQHQ ZLUG
XQG PLW GHUDUW JURHU 5HJHOPlLJNHLW IHKOVFKOlJW %HL
MHGHU DQGHUHQ 7lWLJNHLW ZUGHQ GLH 0HQVFKHQ DOOHV QXU
P|JOLFKH YHUVXFKHQ XP GLH *UQGH IU GLHVHQ )HKOVFKODJ
KHUDXV]XILQGHQ XQG ]X OHUQHQ ZLH VLH HV EHVVHU PDFKHQ
N|QQWHQ RGHU VLH ZUGHQ GDPLW HLQIDFK 6FKOX PDFKHQ 'D
OHW]WHUHV LP )DOOH GHU /LHEH QLFKW P|JOLFK LVW VFKHLQW HV QXU
HLQHQHQWVSUHFKHQGHQ:HJ]XJHEHQGDV)HKOVFKODJHQGHU/LHEH
]XEHUZLQGHQGLH*UQGHGDIU]XSUIHQXQGGDUEHUKLQDXV
]XYHUVXFKHQGLH%HGHXWXQJGHU/LHEH]XXQWHUVXFKHQ
'HU HUVWH 6FKULWW GD]X LVW GLH (UNHQQWQLV GD GLH /LHEH
HLQH.XQVWLVWZHQQPDQGLH/LHEHHUOHUQHQZLOOPXPDQ
JHQDXVR YRUJHKHQ DOV ZROOH PDQ LUJHQGHLQH DQGHUH .XQVW
]XP%HLVSLHO0XVLN0DOHUHL7LVFKOHUHLRGHUGLH.XQVWGHU
0HGL]LQRGHUGHU7HFKQLNHUOHUQHQ
:HOFKHVVLQGMHGRFKGLHQRWZHQGLJHQ6FKULWWH]XU(UOHUQXQJ
LUJHQGHLQHU.XQVW"
'HQ 9RUJDQJ GHU (UOHUQXQJ HLQHU .XQVW NDQQ PDQ OHLFKW
LQ ]ZHL 7HLOH XQWHUWHLOHQ HLQPDO LQ GLH %HKHUUVFKXQJ GHU
7KHRULH XQG ]XP ]ZHLWHQ LQ GLH %HKHUUVFKXQJ GHU 3UD[LV
:HQQ PDQ GLH .XQVW GHU 0HGL]LQ HUOHUQHQ ZLOO PX PDQ
]XHUVW GLH 7DWVDFKHQ EHU GHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ .|USHU XQG GLH

YHUVFKLHGHQHQ(UNUDQNXQJHQNHQQHQ0LWGLHVHPWKHRUHWLVFKHQ
:LVVHQLVWPDQMHGRFKQRFKNHLQHVZHJVLQGHU/DJHGLH.XQVW
GHU 0HGL]LQ DXV]XEHQ =X HLQHP 0HLVWHU ZLUG PDQ DXFK LQ
GLHVHU.XQVWHUVWZHQQPDQVLHODQJH=HLWKLQGXUFKSUDNWLVFK
DXVJHEWKDWELVDOVRGLH(UJHEQLVVHGHVWKHRUHWLVFKHQ:LVVHQV
XQGGLH(UJHEQLVVHGHU3UD[LVPLWHLQDQGHUYHUVFKPHO]HQLQ
GLH,QWXLWLRQGDV:HVHQWOLFKHLQGHU%HKHUUVFKXQJMHGHU.XQVW
$EJHVHKHQ YRP (UOHUQHQ GHU 7KHRULH XQG GHU 3UD[LV LVW
MHGRFK HLQ GULWWHU )DNWRU QRWZHQGLJ XP ]XP 0HLVWHU
MHGHU .XQVW ]X ZHUGHQ 'LH 0HLVWHUVFKDIW LQ GHU .XQVW
PX GHP %HWUHIIHQGHQ ZLFKWLJHU VHLQ DOV DOOHV DQGHUH IU
LKQ GDUI HV QLFKWV JHEHQ ZDV LKQ VWlUNHU LQWHUHVVLHUW 'LHV
JLOW IU GLH 0XVLN IU GLH 0HGL]LQ IU GLH %LOGKDXHUHL
XQG IU GLH /LHEH 8QG KLHU OLHJW YLHOOHLFKW GLH $QWZRUW
DXI GLH )UDJH ZDUXP GLH 0HQVFKHQ XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW VR
VHOWHQYHUVXFKHQGLHVH.XQVW]XHUOHUQHQREZRKOVLHLPPHU
ZLHGHU QHXH )HKOVFKOlJH HUOHEHQ7URW] GHU WLHIYHUZXU]HOWHQ
6HKQVXFKW QDFK /LHEH KlOW PDQ IDVW DOOH EULJHQ 'LQJH IU
ZLFKWLJHU DOV VLH (UIROJ 3UHVWLJH *HOG 0DFKW %HLQDKH
XQVHUH JDQ]H (QHUJLH EUDXFKHQ ZLU GD]X XP ]X OHUQHQ ZLH
PDQGLHVH=LHOHHUUHLFKWXQGIDVWQLFKWVYHUZHQGHQ ZLU XP
GLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV]XHUOHUQHQ
,VW HV P|JOLFK GD QXU GLH (UOHUQXQJ MHQHU 'LQJH ORKQW
PLW GHQHQ PDQ *HOG RGHU 3UHVWLJH HUZHUEHQ NDQQ XQG GD
GLH /LHEH GLH QXU GHU 6HHOH QXW]W LP PRGHUQHQ 6LQQ
VRQVWDEHUQXW]ORVLVWHLQ/X[XVEHGHXWHWIUGHQ(QHUJLH
DXI]XZHQGHQ ZLU NHLQ 5HFKW KDEHQ" :LH GHLQ DXFK VHL 'LH
IROJHQGH'LVNXVVLRQZLUGGLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQVLP6LQQHGHU
EHUHLWVJHQDQQWHQ8QWHUWHLOXQJHQEHKDQGHOQ=XHUVWZHUGHLFK

PLFKPLWGHU7KHRULHGHU/LHEHEHIDVVHQXQGGD]XEUDXFKHQ
ZLUGHQJU|WHQ7HLOGLHVHV%XFKHVGDQQZHUGHLFKEHUGLH
3UD[LVGHU/LHEHVSUHFKHQVRZHLWPDQEHUGLH3UD[LVGLHVHV
ZLHLUJHQGHLQHVDQGHUHQ*HELHWHVEHUKDXSWVSUHFKHQNDQQ

,,
',(7+(25,('(5/,(%(
/LHEHGLH$QWZRUWDXIGDV3UREOHPGHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ]
-HGH 7KHRULH GHU /LHEH PX PLW HLQHU 7KHRULH YRP
0HQVFKHQ YRQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ ([LVWHQ] EHJLQQHQ 6RZHLW
ZLU GLH /LHEH RGHU YLHOPHKU GDV bTXLYDOHQW YRQ /LHEH EHL
7LHUHQYRUQGHQKDQGHOWHVVLFKGDEHLKDXSWVlFKOLFKXPHLQHQ
7HLO GHU LQVWLQNWLYHQ$QODJH EHLP 0HQVFKHQ HUNHQQW PDQ QXU
QRFK 5HVWH GLHVHU LQVWLQNWLYHQ %HIlKLJXQJ :HVHQWOLFK DQ GHU
([LVWHQ] GHV 0HQVFKHQ LVW GLH7DWVDFKHGDHUVLFKEHUGDV
7LHUUHLFK GD HU VLFK EHU GLH LQVWLQNWLYH$QSDVVXQJ HUKREHQ
KDW XQG GD HU GLH 1DWXU WUDQV]HQGLHUW REJOHLFK HU VLH
QLHPDOV JDQ] YHUODVVHQ NDQQ (U EOHLEW HLQ 7HLO YRQ LKU XQG
GHQQRFK YRQ LKU ORVJHULVVHQ NDQQ HU QLFKW PHKU PLW LKU HLQV
ZHUGHQ 9HUWULHEHQ DXV GHP 3DUDGLHV DXV GHP 6WDGLXP GHU
XUVSUQJOLFKHQ (LQKHLW PLW GHU 1DWXU YHUVSHUUHQ LKP GLH
&KHUXELPPLWGHP)ODPPHQVFKZHUWGHQ:HJIDOOVHUMHPDOV
YHUVXFKHQ VROOWH GRUWKLQ ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ 'HU 0HQVFK NDQQ

QXU LPPHU ZHLWHUJHKHQ LQGHP HU VHLQH 9HUQXQIW HQWZLFNHOW
LQGHP HU HLQH QHXH HLQH PHQVFKOLFKH +DUPRQLH DQ 6WHOOH
MHQHUYRUPHQVFKOLFKHQ+DUPRQLHQGHWGLHXQZLHGHUEULQJOLFK
YHUORUHQLVW
0LW GHU *HEXUW LVW GHU 0HQVFK XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO GLH
PHQVFKOLFKH5DVVHDOVDXFKGDVPHQVFKOLFKH(LQ]HOZHVHQDXV
GHU HLQHQ 6LWXDWLRQ GLH IHVWJHOHJW ZDU ZLH GLH ,QVWLQNWH LQ
HLQH DQGHUH JHVWRHQ ZRUGHQ GLH XQEHVWLPPW XQJHZL XQG
Y|OOLJRIIHQLVW*HZLKHLWJLEWHVQXUEHUGLH9HUJDQJHQKHLW
XQG EHU GLH =XNXQIW QXU LQVRIHUQ DOV VLH PLW GHP 7RGH
HQGHW
'HU0HQVFKLVWPLW9HUQXQIWEHJDEWHULVWGDV/HEHQGDV
VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW EHZXW LVW (U LVW VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW VHLQHU
0LWPHQVFKHQ VHLQHU 9HUJDQJHQKHLW XQG GHU 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ
VHLQHU=XNXQIWEHZXW'LHVHV%HZXWVHLQVHLQHVJHVRQGHUWHQ
'DVHLQVGDV%HZXWVHLQVHLQHUHLJHQHQNXU]HQ/HEHQVVSDQQH
XQGGHU7DWVDFKHGDHURKQHVHLQHQ:LOOHQJHERUHQLVWXQG
JHJHQ VHLQHQ :LOOHQ VWHUEHQ ZLUG GD HU YRU MHQHQ VWHUEHQ
ZLUG GLH HU OLHEW RGHU GD VLH YRU LKP VWHUEHQ ZHUGHQ GDV
%HZXWVHLQ VHLQHU (LQVDPNHLW XQG *HWUHQQWKHLW VHLQHU
+LORVLJNHLW JHJHQEHU GHQ .UlIWHQ GHU 1DWXU XQG GHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWGDVDOOHVOlWVHLQHEHVRQGHUHXQGDEJHWUHQQWH
([LVWHQ] ]X HLQHP XQHUWUlJOLFKHQ *HIlQJQLV ZHUGHQ (U
ZUGH ZDKQVLQQLJ ZHUGHQ N|QQWH HU VLFK QLFKW VHOEVW DXV
VHLQHP *HIlQJQLV EHIUHLHQ XQG HV VSUHQJHQ N|QQWH HU
VLFK QLFKW LQ GLHVHU RGHU MHQHU )RUP PLW 0HQVFKHQ PLW GHU
8PZHOWYHUHLQHQ

'DV (UOHEQLV GLHVHU *HWUHQQWKHLW XQG $EJHVRQGHUWKHLW
O|VW $QJVW DXV WDWVlFKOLFK LVW VLH GLH 4XHOOH MHGHU $QJVW
*HWUHQQWKHLW EHGHXWHW DEJHVFKQLWWHQ ]X VHLQ RKQH MHGH
)lKLJNHLW ]X VHLQ GLH PHQVFKOLFKHQ .UlIWH ]X JHEUDXFKHQ
HVEHGHXWHWKLOIORV]XVHLQGLH:HOW'LQJHZLH0HQVFKHQ
QLFKW IDVVHQ ]X N|QQHQ (V EHGHXWHW GD GLH :HOW PLFK
EHUVFKZHPPHQNDQQRKQHGDLFKLQGHU/DJHELQGDUDXI
]X UHDJLHUHQ 6R ZLUG GLH *HWUHQQWKHLW GLH 4XHOOH KHIWLJHU
$QJVW DEHU GDUEHU KLQDXV O|VW VLH 6FKDP XQG GDV *HIKO
YRQ 6FKXOG DXV 'LHVHV (UOHEQLV YRQ 6FKXOG XQG 6FKDP
LQ GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ZLUG LQ GHU ELEOLVFKHQ *HVFKLFKWH YRQ
$GDP XQG (YD DXVJHGUFNW 1DFKGHP$GDP XQG (YD YRP
%DXPGHU(UNHQQWQLVYRQ*XWXQG%|VHJHJHVVHQKDWWHQ
QDFKGHPVLHXQJHKRUVDPJHZHVHQZDUHQXQG*XWXQG%|VH
JLEWHVQXUEHLGHU)UHLKHLW]XP8QJHKRUVDPQDFKGHPVLH
GDGXUFK 0HQVFKHQ JHZRUGHQ ZDUHQ GD VLH VLFK YRQ GHU
XUVSUQJOLFKHQWLHULVFKHQ+DUPRQLHPLWGHU1DWXUO|VWHQGDV
KHLWDOVRQDFKLKUHU*HEXUWDOVPHQVFKOLFKH*HVFK|SIHGD
HUVWVDKHQVLHGDVLHQDFNWZDUHQXQGVLHVFKlPWHQVLFK
6ROOHQZLUDQQHKPHQGDHLQVRDOWHUXQGHOHPHQWDUHU0\WKXV
ZLH GLHVHU GLH JOHLFKH ]LPSHUOLFKH 0RUDO KDW ZLH GDV
-DKUKXQGHUWXQGGDGHUZLFKWLJH3XQNWYRQGHPXQVGLHVH
*HVFKLFKWHEHU]HXJHQZLOOQXUGLH9HUOHJHQKHLWGDUEHULVW
GD LKUH *HVFKOHFKWVWHLOH VLFKWEDU ZDUHQ" 'DV NDQQ NDXP
ZRKOVRVHLQXQGZHQQZLUGLH*HVFKLFKWHLQGLHVHP6LQQH
YHUVWHKHQ EHUVHKHQ ZLU GDEHL GHQ +DXSWSXQNW GHU DXV
IROJHQGHP]XEHVWHKHQVFKHLQW1DFKGHP0DQQXQG)UDXVLFK
VHOEVWXQGGHVDQGHUHQEHZXWJHZRUGHQZDUHQZXUGHQVLH
VLFKDXFKLKUHU*HWUHQQWKHLWXQGLKUHV8QWHUVFKLHGHVEHZXW

LQVRIHUQVLHYHUVFKLHGHQHQ*HVFKOHFKWHUQDQJHK|UWHQ'DVLH
MHGRFKLKUH$EJHVRQGHUWKHLWHUNDQQWHQEOLHEHQVLHHLQDQGHU
IUHPGZHLOVLHQRFKQLFKWJHOHUQWKDWWHQVLFKJHJHQVHLWLJ]X
OLHEHQZDVVHKUGHXWOLFKDXVGHU7DWVDFKHKHUYRUJHKWGD
$GDP VLFK YHUWHLGLJW LQGHP HU (YD GLH 6FKXOG ]XVFKLHEW
XQG QLFKW YHUVXFKW VLH ]X YHUWHLGLJHQ 'DV %HZXWVHLQ GHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ *HWUHQQWKHLW RKQH :LHGHUYHUHLQLJXQJ GXUFK
/LHEHGDVLVWGLH4XHOOHGHU6FKDP*OHLFK]HLWLJLVWHVGLH
4XHOOHYRQ6FKXOGXQG$QJVW
)U GHQ 0HQVFKHQ LVW HV DOVR GLH JU|WH 1RWZHQGLJNHLW
VHLQH $EJHVRQGHUWKHLW ]X EHUZLQGHQ XQG GHQ .HUNHU VHLQHU
(LQVDPNHLW]XYHUODVVHQ'DVY|OOLJH9HUVDJHQEHLGHU(UUHLFKXQJ
GLHVHV =LHOHV EHGHXWHW :DKQVLQQ ZHLO GDV SDQLVFKH (QWVHW]HQ
YRUGHUYROOVWlQGLJHQ,VROLHUXQJQXUGXUFKHLQGHUDUWUDGLNDOHV
=XUFN]LHKHQYRQGHU8PZHOWEHUZXQGHQZHUGHQNDQQGD
GDV *HIKO GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW YHUVFKZLQGHW ZHLO GLH 8PZHOW
YRQGHUPDQJHWUHQQWLVWYHUVFKZXQGHQLVW
'HU 0HQVFK DOOHU =HLWHQ XQG .XOWXUHQ VWHKW GHU /|VXQJ
GLHVHUHLQHQXQGLPPHUJOHLFKHQ)UDJHJHJHQEHUGHU)UDJHZLH
GLH *HWUHQQWKHLW EHUZXQGHQ ZLH PDQ GDV HLJHQH LQGLYLGXHOOH
/HEHQ WUDQV]HQGLHUHQ XQG HLQV ZHUGHQ NDQQ 'LH JOHLFKH )UDJH
JLOW IU GHQ SULPLWLYHQ +|KOHQEHZRKQHU IU GHQ 1RPDGHQ IU
GHQ lJ\SWLVFKHQ %DXHUQ IU GHQ SK|QL]LVFKHQ +lQGOHU IU GHQ
U|PLVFKHQ 6ROGDWHQ IU GHQ 0|QFK GHV 0LWWHODOWHUV IU GHQ
MDSDQLVFKHQ6DPXUDLIUGHQPRGHUQHQ%URDQJHVWHOOWHQXQGGHQ
)DEULNDUEHLWHU'LH)UDJHLVWLPPHUGLHJOHLFKHGHQQVLHHQWVSULQJW
GHPJOHLFKHQ%RGHQGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ6LWXDWLRQGHQ%HGLQJXQJHQ
GHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ]'LH$QWZRUWGDJHJHQLVWQLFKWLPPHU

JOHLFK'LH)UDJHNDQQGXUFKGDV$QEHWHQYRQ7LHUHQEHDQWZRUWHW
ZHUGHQ GXUFK 0HQVFKHQRSIHU RGHU PLOLWlULVFKH (UREHUXQJHQ
GXUFK%HIULHGLJXQJLP/X[XVGXUFKDVNHWLVFKHQ9HU]LFKWGXUFK
EHVHVVHQH $UEHLW GXUFK NQVWOHULVFKH VFK|SIHULVFKH $UEHLW
GXUFKGLH/LHEH]X*RWWRGHU]XGHQ0HQVFKHQ2EZRKOHVYLHOH
$QWZRUWHQ JLEW HLQH JHQDXH $XIVWHOOXQJ GLHVHU $QWZRUWHQ
HUJLEW GLH 0HQVFKHQJHVFKLFKWH VLQG VLH GRFK QLFKW ]DKOORV
,P *HJHQWHLO 6REDOG PDQ GLH NOHLQHUHQ 8QWHUVFKLHGH DXHU
DFKW OlW GLH PHKU DQ GHQ 5DQG DOV ]XP .HUQ JHK|UHQ VWHOOW
PDQ IHVW GD GLH $Q]DKO GHU $QWZRUWHQ EHJUHQ]W LVW GLH DXI
GLHVH)UDJHJHJHEHQZHUGHQNDQQXQGGLHYRP0HQVFKHQLQGHQ
YHUVFKLHGHQHQ.XOWXUHQLQGHQHQHUJHOHEWKDWDXFKQXUJHJHEHQ
ZHUGHQNRQQWH'LH*HVFKLFKWHGHU5HOLJLRQXQGGHU3KLORVRSKLH
LVW GLH *HVFKLFKWH GLHVHU$QWZRUWHQ LKUHU 9LHOIDOW XQG JHQDXVR
DXFKLKUHU]DKOHQPlLJHQ%HJUHQ]XQJ
,Q JHZLVVHP 8PIDQJ KlQJW GLH $QWZRUW MHZHLOV YRQ GHP
*UDG GHU ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW DE GLH HLQ ,QGLYLGXXP HUUHLFKW KDW
,QHLQHP.LQGKDWGDV,FKVLFKQRFKNDXPHQWZLFNHOWMHGHV
.LQGIKOWVLFKHLQVPLWVHLQHU0XWWHUXQGKDWQRFKNHLQ*HIKO
GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW VRODQJH GLH 0XWWHU EHL LKP LVW 6HLQ *HIKO
GHV$OOHLQVHLQVZLUGGXUFKGLHSK\VLVFKH*HJHQZDUWGHU0XWWHU
GXUFK LKUH %UXVW XQG GLH %HUKUXQJ LKUHU +DXW EHVFKZLFKWLJW
(UVW LQ HLQHP 6WDGLXP LQ ZHOFKHP GDV .LQG GDV *HIKO IU
VHLQH *HWUHQQWKHLW XQG VHLQH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW ZHLWHUHQWZLFNHOW
KDWJHQJWGLHSK\VLVFKH*HJHQZDUWGHU0XWWHUQLFKWPHKUXQG
HQWVWHKW GLH 1RWZHQGLJNHLW GLH HLJHQH $EJHVRQGHUWKHLW DXI
DQGHUH:HLVH]XEHUZLQGHQ

,QJDQ]lKQOLFKHU:HLVHIKOWVLFKDXFKGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH
LQ LKUHP .LQGKHLWVVWDGLXP QRFK HLQV PLW GHU 1DWXU 'LH (UGH
GLH 7LHUH XQG 3DQ]HQ VLQG QRFK GLH :HOW GHV 0HQVFKHQ (U
LGHQWL]LHUWVLFKPLW7LHUHQXQGGLHVGUFNWVLFKGDULQDXVGD
HU VLFK DOV 7LHU YHUNOHLGHW GD HU HLQ 7RWHPWLHU RGHU DQGHUH
7LHUJ|WWHU DQEHWHW -H PHKU VLFK MHGRFKGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH
YRQGLHVHQXUVSUQJOLFKHQ%LQGXQJHQO|VWGHVWRPHKUWUHQQWVLH
VLFKYRQGHU1DWXUZHOWGHVWRLQWHQVLYHUZLUGGLH1RWZHQGLJNHLW
QHXH 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ ]X QGHQ XP GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ]X
HQWLHKHQ
(LQH0|JOLFKNHLW]XU(UUHLFKXQJGLHVHV=LHOHVOLHJWLQGHQ
YHUVFKLHGHQHQ$UWHQRUJLDVWLVFKHU(UOHEQLVVH6LHN|QQHQGLH
)RUP HLQHU VHOEVW DXVJHO|VWHQ 7UDQFH PDQFKPDO PLW +LOIH
YRQ'URJHQKDEHQ9LHOH5LWHQSULPLWLYHU6WlPPHELHWHQHLQH
OHEHQGLJH9RUVWHOOXQJYRQGLHVHU$UWGDV3UREOHP]XO|VHQ,Q
HLQHPYRUEHUJHKHQGHQ6WDGLXPGHU(NVWDVHYHUVFKZLQGHWGLH
8PZHOWXQGGDPLWDXFKGDV*HIKOGHU*HWUHQQWKHLWYRQLKU
6RZHLW GLHVH 5LWHQ JHPHLQVDP SUDNWL]LHUW ZHUGHQ NRPPW
GDV (UOHEQLV GHU HQJHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ PLW GHU *UXSSH KLQ]X
VR GD GLH :LUNXQJ QRFK JHVWHLJHUW ZLUG ,Q HLQHP HQJHQ
=XVDPPHQKDQJ XQG RIW PLW GLHVHU RUJLDVWLVFKHQ /|VXQJ
YHUPLVFKW VWHKW GDV 6H[XDOHUOHEQLV 'LH VH[XHOOH 2UJLH
NDQQ ]X HLQHP 6WDGLXP IKUHQ GDV GHP VHKU lKQOLFK LVW
ZHOFKHV GXUFK 7UDQFH RGHU PLW +LOIH EHVWLPPWHU 'URJHQ
KHUYRUJHUXIHQZLUG'LH5LWHQJHPHLQVDPHUVH[XHOOHU2UJLHQ
ZDUHQ ZHLW YHUEUHLWHW (V KDW GHQ $QVFKHLQ GD GHU 0HQVFK
QDFKGLHVHPRUJLDVWLVFKHQ(UOHEQLVHLQH=HLWODQJQLFKWVRVWDUN
XQWHU VHLQHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ]X OHLGHQ KDWWH /DQJVDP ZlFKVW

GDQQMHGRFKGLH6SDQQXQJGHU$QJVWZLHGHUVRGDVLHGXUFK
HLQH:LHGHUKROXQJGHV5LWXDOVYHUPLQGHUWZHUGHQPX
6RODQJH GLHVH RUJLDVWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLVVH HLQH$QJHOHJHQKHLW
JHPHLQVDPHU +DQGOXQJHQ HLQHV JDQ]HQ 6WDPPHV VLQG UXIHQ
VLH ZHGHU $QJVW QRFK 6FKXOGJHIKO KHUYRU (LQ GHUDUWLJHV
9HUKDOWHQ LVW ULFKWLJ XQG VRJDU HLQH 7XJHQG ZHLO DOOH DQ
LKP WHLOQHKPHQ XQG ZHLO HV YRQ GHQ 0HGL]LQPlQQHUQ RGHU
3ULHVWHUQ QLFKW QXU JHELOOLJW VRQGHUQ VRJDU JHI|UGHUW ZLUG
'DKHU EHVWHKW DXFK NHLQ$QOD VLFK VFKXOGLJ RGHU EHVFKlPW
]XIKOHQ(WZDVJDQ]DQGHUHVLVWHVMHGRFKZHQQGLHJOHLFKH
/|VXQJ GHV 3UREOHPV YRQ HLQHP ,QGLYLGXXP LQ HLQHU .XOWXU
JHZlKOW ZLUG GLH GLHVH JHPHLQVDPHQ 5LWHQ EHUHLWV KLQWHU
VLFKJHODVVHQKDW$ONRKROXQG5DXVFKJLIWVLQGGLH)RUPHQ
GLHGDV,QGLYLGXXPLQHLQHUQLFKWRUJLDVWLVFKHQ.XOWXUZlKOW
,P *HJHQVDW] ]X MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH DQ HLQHU LQ LKUHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWVIRUPIHVWJHOHJWHQ/|VXQJVDUWWHLOQHKPHQOHLGHQ
GLHVH ,QGLYLGXHQ DQ 6FKXOGJHIKOHQ XQG *HZLVVHQVELVVHQ
:lKUHQG VLH YHUVXFKHQ LKUHU *HWUHQQWKHLW GXUFK GLH )OXFKW
LQ GHQ $ONRKRO RGHU ]X EHVWLPPWHQ 'URJHQ ]X HQWJHKHQ
YHUVSUHQ VLH QDFK GHP RUJLDVWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLV LKUH
$EJHVRQGHUWKHLWQXUQRFKVWlUNHUXQGZHUGHQVRJHWULHEHQHV
PLW]XQHKPHQGHU+lXILJNHLWXQG,QWHQVLWlW]XZLHGHUKROHQ
,Q JHZLVVHP 0DH LVW GDV RUJLDVWLVFKH 6H[XDOHUOHEQLV HLQH
QDWUOLFKHXQGQRUPDOH)RUPGLH*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHUZLQGHQ
XQGDXFKHLQHWHLOZHLVH/|VXQJGHV3UREOHPVGHU(LQVDPNHLW
%HLYLHOHQ,QGLYLGXHQGLHGDV*HIKOLKUHU*HWUHQQWKHLWQLFKW
DXI DQGHUH :HLVH GlPSIHQ N|QQHQ QLPPW GDV 9HUODQJHQ
QDFK GHU VH[XHOOHQ 2UJLH MHGRFK HLQH %HGHXWXQJ DQ GLH
YRQ GHU 6XFKW QDFK $ONRKRO RGHU 5DXVFKJLIW QLFKW DOO]X

YHUVFKLHGHQ LVW 6LH ZLUG ]X GHP YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ 9HUVXFK GHU
GXUFKGLH*HWUHQQWKHLWHU]HXJWHQ$QJVW]XHQWNRPPHQXQG
UHVXOWLHUW LQ HLQHP LPPHU VWlUNHU ZHUGHQGHQ *HIKO GHU
(LQVDPNHLWGDGHURKQH/LHEHYROO]RJHQH*HVFKOHFKWVDNWGLH
.OXIW]ZLVFKHQ]ZHLPHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQK|FKVWHQVIUHLQHQ
NXU]HQ$XJHQEOLFNEHUEUFNHQNDQQ
$OOH )RUPHQ GHU RUJLDVWLVFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ KDEHQ
GUHL .HQQ]HLFKHQ 6LH VLQG LQWHQVLY XQG VRJDU KHIWLJ
EHDQVSUXFKHQ GLH *HVDPWSHUV|QOLFKNHLW DOVR .|USHU XQG
6HHOH XQG ZHUGHQ UHJHOPlLJ ZLHGHUKROW GD LKUH:LUNXQJ
VFKQHOOYHUJHKW*HQDXGDV*HJHQWHLOJLOWIUMHQH)RUPGHU
*HPHLQVDPNHLWGLHGHU0HQVFKGHU9HUJDQJHQKHLWZLHDXFK
GHU*HJHQZDUWDPKlXILJVWHQ]XU/|VXQJGHV3UREOHPVZlKOWH
GLH 9HUHLQLJXQJ GLH DXI GHU .RQIRUPLWlW PLW GHU *UXSSH
EHUXKW PLW LKUHQ %UlXFKHQ *HZRKQKHLWHQ XQG 0HLQXQJHQ
$XFKKLHUQGHQZLUHLQHEHWUlFKWOLFKH(QWZLFNOXQJYRU
,Q HLQHU SULPLWLYHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW LVW GLH *UXSSH
QXU NOHLQ VLH EHVWHKW DXV MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH GXUFK
%OXWVYHUZDQGWVFKDIW XQG =XVDPPHQOHEHQ PLWHLQDQGHU
YHUEXQGHQVLQG0LW]XQHKPHQGHU(QWZLFNOXQJGHU.XOWXU
ZlFKVW DXFK GLH *UXSSH VLH ZLUG ]X GHU %UJHUVFKDIW
HLQHU SROLV ]X GHQ %UJHUQ HLQHV JURHQ 6WDDWHV XQG ]X
GHQ 0LWJOLHGHUQ HLQHU .LUFKH 6HOEVW GHU lUPVWH 5|PHU
ZDU VWRO] ZHLO HU VDJHQ NRQQWH &LYLV URPDQXP VXP
5RP XQG GDV U|PLVFKH ,PSHULXP ZDUHQ VHLQH )DPLOLH
VHLQH +HLPDW XQG VHLQH :HOW $XFK LQ GHU JHJHQZlUWLJHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIWGHV:HVWHQVLVWGLH9HUHLQLJXQJPLWGHU*UXSSH
GLHYRUKHUUVFKHQGH0|JOLFKNHLWGLH*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHU

ZLQGHQ(VLVWHLQH9HUHLQLJXQJLQGHUGDV,QGLYLGXXP]X
HLQHP JURHQ7HLO DXIJHKW XQG EHL GHU HV GDV =LHO LVW GHU
+HUGH DQ]XJHK|UHQ :HQQ LFK JHQDXVR ELQ ZLH DOOH DQGH
UHQZHQQLFKZHGHU*HIKOHQRFK*HGDQNHQKDEHGLHPLFK
YRQLKQHQXQWHUVFKHLGHQZHQQLFKLQ%UlXFKHQ.OHLGXQJ
9RUVWHOOXQJHQPLWGHP9RUELOGGHU*UXSSHEHUHLQVWLPPH
ELQLFKJHUHWWHWJHUHWWHWYRUGHPHQWVHW]OLFKHQ(UOHEQLVGHU
(LQVDPNHLW 'LH GLNWDWRULVFKHQ 6WDDWVIRUPHQ JHEUDXFKHQ
'URKXQJHQXQG7HUURUXPGLHVHhEHUHLQVWLPPXQJDXV]XO|
VHQGLH'HPRNUDWLHQGDJHJHQ6XJJHVWLRQXQG3URSDJDQGD
=ZLVFKHQ EHLGHQ 6\VWHPHQ EHVWHKHQ WURW]GHP JURH
8QWHUVFKLHGH,QGHQ'HPRNUDWLHQLVWHVLPPHUKLQP|JOLFK
VLFK GHU .RQIRUPLWlW ]X ZLGHUVHW]HQ XQG GLHVH +DOWXQJ
ILQGHW PDQ GRUW WDWVlFKOLFK DXFK YRU EHL GHQ WRWDOLWlUHQ
6\VWHPHQ GDJHJHQ NDQQ PDQ OHGLJOLFK GDPLW UHFKQHQ GD
HLQLJH ZHQLJH XQJHZ|KQOLFK WDSIHUH +HOGHQ XQG 0lUW\UHU
GHU *HKRUVDP YHUZHLJHUQ 7URW] GLHVHV 8QWHUVFKLHGHV
]HLJHQ MHGRFK GLH GHPRNUDWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ HLQ EH
lQJVWLJHQGHV 0D DQ .RQIRUPLWlW 'HU *UXQG OLHJW LQ GHU
7DWVDFKHGDPDQDXILUJHQGHLQH:HLVHGHP9HUODQJHQQDFK
9HUHLQLJXQJQDFKJHEHQPXXQGZHQQHVZHGHUHLQHDQGH
UH QRFK HLQH EHVVHUH 0|JOLFKNHLW JLEW LVW GLH9HUHLQLJXQJ
LP 6LQQH GHU .RQIRUPLWlW GHU +HUGH YRUKHUUVFKHQG 'LH
0DFKW GHU$QJVW DQGHUV ]X VHLQ QXU ZHQLJH 6FKULWWH DX
HUKDOE GHU +HUGH ]X VWHKHQ NDQQ PDQ QXU EHJUHLIHQ
ZHQQ PDQ GLH 7LHIHQ GHU 1RWZHQGLJNHLW YHUVWHKW QLFKW
DEJHWUHQQW]XZHUGHQ0DQFKPDOLVWGLH)XUFKWQLFKWVR]X
VHLQ ZLH GLH DQGHUHQ DOV$QJVW YRU SUDNWLVFKHQ *HIDKUHQ
UDWLRQDOLVLHUWGLHDQJHEOLFKGHPQLFKW$QJHSDWHQGURKHQ

7DWVDFKHLVWMHGRFKGDGLH0HQVFKHQLQHLQHPYLHOJU|H
UHP0DHYRQVLFKDXV]XU.RQIRUPLWlWQHLJHQDOVVLHGD]X
JH]ZXQJHQ ZHUGHQ ]XPLQGHVW MHGHQIDOOV LQ GHQ ZHVWOL
FKHQ'HPRNUDWLHQ
'LH PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ VLQG VLFK QLFKW HLQPDO LKUHV
%HGUIQLVVHV QDFK .RQIRUPLWlW EHZXW 6LH OHEHQ LQ GHU
,OOXVLRQ HLJHQHQ 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ XQG 1HLJXQJHQ ]X IROJHQ
,QGLYLGXDOLVWHQ ]X VHLQ XQG DOV (UJHEQLV HLJHQHQ 'HQNHQV
LKUH 0HLQXQJ JHELOGHW ]X KDEHQ GD LKUH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ
GHPQDFK DOVR UHLQ ]XIlOOLJ GHQHQ GHU 0DMRULWlW HQWVSUHFKHQ
'LHVH hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ QHKPHQ VLH DOV %HZHLV GDIU GD
LKUH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ HEHQ ULFKWLJ VLQG 'D GDQHEHQ MHGRFK
QRFK GDV %HGUIQLV EHVWHKW HLQH JHZLVVH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW
]X HPSQGHQ ZLUG GLHVHV %HGUIQLV GXUFK XQEHGHXWHQGH
.OHLQLJNHLWHQ EHIULHGLJW GLH $QIDQJVEXFKVWDEHQ
GHV 1DPHQV DXI .RIIHU RGHU 3XOORYHU GDV 1DPHQVVFKLOG
DP 6FKDOWHUIHQVWHU GHU (LQWULWW LQ HLQH EHVWLPPWH 3DUWHL
RGHU LQ HLQH 6WXGHQWHQYHUELQGXQJ ZHUGHQ ]XP $XVGUXFN
LQGLYLGXHOOHU8QWHUVFKLHGH'HU:HUEHVORJDQ(WZDVDQGHUHV
EHZHLVWGDVUKUHQGH%HGUIQLVQDFK,QGLYLGXDOLWlWLQHLQHU
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ :LUNOLFKNHLW LQ GHU HV IDVW NHLQH PHKU
JLEW
'LHVH ]XQHKPHQGH 7HQGHQ] ]XU $XVPHU]XQJ DOOHU
8QWHUVFKLHGHKlQJWHQJPLWGHP%HJULIIXQGGHP(UOHEQLVGHU
*OHLFKKHLW ]XVDPPHQ ZLH VLH VLFK LQ GHQ IRUWJHVFKULWWHQVWHQ
,QGXVWULHJHVHOOVFKDIWHQ HQWZLFNHOW ,P UHOLJL|VHQ 6LQQH
KDWWH GHU %HJULII *OHLFKKHLW EHGHXWHW GD ZLU DOOH *RWWHV
.LQGHU VLQG GD ZLU DOOH $QWHLO KDEHQ DQ GHU PHQVFKOLFK

J|WWOLFKHQ6XEVWDQ]GDZLUDOOHHLQVVLQG(VEHGHXWHWHDEHU
DXFKGDJHUDGHGLH8QWHUVFKLHGH]ZLVFKHQGHQ ,QGLYLGXHQ
UHVSHNWLHUW ZHUGHQ VROOWHQ GD REZRKO ZLU DOOH HLQV VLQG
MHGHU YRQ XQV HLQH HLQPDOLJH *DQ]KHLW GDUVWHOOW HLQ .RVPRV
LQ VLFK LVW 'LHVH hEHU]HXJXQJ YRQ GHU (LQPDOLJNHLW GHV
,QGLYLGXXPVLVW]XP%HLVSLHOLQGHU)HVWVWHOOXQJGHV7DOPXGV
DXVJHGUFNW:HULPPHUDXFKQXUHLQHLQ]LJHV/HEHQUHWWHW
KDWJHKDQGHOWDOVKlWWHHUGLHJDQ]H:HOWJHUHWWHWZHULPPHU
DXFKQXUHLQHLQ]LJHV/HEHQ]HUVW|UWKDWJHKDQGHOWDOVKlWWH
HUGLHJDQ]H:HOW]HUVW|UW*OHLFKKHLWDOV%HGLQJXQJIUGLH
(QWZLFNOXQJGHU,QGLYLGXDOLWlWEHGHXWHWHGLHVHU%HJULIIDXFK
LQ GHU 3KLORVRSKLH GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ $XINOlUXQJ $P NODUVWHQ
IRUPXOLHUWH.DQWHVGDGHU0HQVFKQLHPDOVGDV0LWWHOIU
GLH=ZHFNHHLQHVDQGHUHQVHLQGDUIGDDOOH0HQVFKHQVLFK
LQVRIHUQJOHLFKVLQGDOVVLHLQVLFKHLQ=ZHFNXQGVRPLWQLHPDOV
HLQ0LWWHOIUHLQHQDQGHUHQVLQG(QWVSUHFKHQGGHQ,GHHQGHU
$XINOlUXQJ GHQLHUWHQ VR]LDOLVWLVFKH 'HQNHU YHUVFKLHGHQHU
6FKXOHQGLH*OHLFKKHLWDOV$EVFKDIIXQJGHU$XVEHXWXQJXQGGHU
9HUZHQGXQJGHV0HQVFKHQGXUFKGHQ0HQVFKHQXQJHDFKWHWGHU
7DWVDFKHREGLHVH9HUZHQGXQJJUDXVDPRGHUKXPDQZlUH
,Q GHU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ NDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW KDW
GLH %HGHXWXQJ GHU *OHLFKKHLW HLQH 9HUlQGHUXQJ HUIDKUHQ 0LW
GHP %HJULII *OHLFKKHLW PHLQW PDQ KHXWH GLH *OHLFKKHLW YRQ
0DVFKLQHQ DOVR 0HQVFKHQ GLH LKUH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW HLQJHEW
KDEHQ *OHLFKKHLW EHGHXWHW KHXWH (LQI|UPLJNHLW XQG QLFKW
(LQKHLW (V LVW GLH (LQI|UPLJNHLW YRQ $EVWUDNWLRQHQ YRQ
0HQVFKHQ GLH GLH JOHLFKH $UEHLW YHUULFKWHQ GLH GLH JOHLFKHQ
9HUJQJXQJHQVXFKHQGLHGLHJOHLFKHQ=HLWXQJHQOHVHQGLHGLH
JOHLFKHQ*HIKOHXQGGLHJOHLFKHQ,GHHQKDEHQ,QGLHVHU+LQVLFKW

PX PDQ PLW HLQLJHU 6NHSVLV DXFK JHZLVVH (UUXQJHQVFKDIWHQ
EHWUDFKWHQ GLH JHZ|KQOLFK DOV =HLFKHQ XQVHUHV )RUWVFKULWWV
JHSULHVHQZHUGHQZLH]XP%HLVSLHOGLH*OHLFKVWHOOXQJGHU)UDX
,FKEUDXFKHZRKOQLFKWHUVW]XEHWRQHQGDLFKQLFKWJHJHQGLH
*OHLFKKHLW YRQ 0DQQ XQG )UDX ELQ DEHU GLH SRVLWLYHQ$VSHNWH
GLHVHU 7HQGHQ] ]XU *OHLFKVWHOOXQJ GUIHQ QLFKW WlXVFKHQ 'LH
)UDX LVW JOHLFK ZHLO GLH 8QWHUVFKLHGH YHUVFKZXQGHQ VLQG 'LH
SKLORVRSKLVFKH 7KHVH GHU$XINOlUXQJ OkPH QD SDV GH VH[H
GLH6HHOHKDWNHLQ*HVFKOHFKWZLUGJDQ]DOOJHPHLQDQJHZHQGHW
'LH 3RODULWlW GHU *HVFKOHFKWHU YHUVFKZLQGHW XQG PLW LKU DXFK
GLHHURWLVFKH/LHEHGLHDXIGLHVHU3RODULWlWEHUXKW0lQQHUXQG
)UDXHQ ZHUGHQ GDVVHOEH XQG QLFKW JOHLFK DOV JHJHQVlW]OLFKH
3ROH 'LH ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKH *HVHOOVFKDIW SUHGLJW GDV ,GHDO HLQHU
QLFKWLQGLYLGXDOLVLHUWHQ *OHLFKKHLW ZHLO VLH PHQVFKOLFKH $WRPH
EUDXFKW GLH VLFK LQ QLFKWV YRQHLQDQGHU XQWHUVFKHLGHQ XQG
LQ GHU =XVDPPHQEDOOXQJ GHU 0DVVH UHLEXQJVORV XQG RKQH
6FKZLHULJNHLW IXQNWLRQLHUHQ DOOH GHP JOHLFKHQ %HIHKO IROJHQG
XQGGHQQRFKMHGHUIUVLFKLQGHUhEHU]HXJXQJGDHUQXUVHLQHQ
HLJHQHQ :QVFKHQ IROJW :LH GLH PRGHUQH 0DVVHQSURGXNWLRQ
GLH6WDQGDUGLVLHUXQJGHU(U]HXJQLVVHYHUODQJWVRYHUODQJWGLHVHU
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH 9RUJDQJ GLH 6WDQGDUGLVLHUXQJ GHV 0HQVFKHQ
XQGVLHQHQQWPDQGDQQ*OHLFKKHLW
'LH 9HUHLQLJXQJ GXUFK .RQIRUPLWlW LVW ZHGHU LQWHQVLY
QRFKKHIWLJ VLH LVW UXKLJ YRQ GHU 6FKDEORQH YRUJHVFKULHEHQ
XQGDXVHEHQGLHVHP*UXQGHVHKURIWQLFKWDXVUHLFKHQGXP
GLH$QJVWYRUGHU*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHUXKLJHQ'LH9HUEUHLWXQJ
YRQ $ONRKROLVPXV 5DXVFKJLIWVXFKW XQG 6HOEVWPRUG LQ GHU
]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQZHVWOLFKHQ:HOWLVWHLQ6\PSWRPIUGLHVHV
UHODWLYH 9HUVDJHQ GHU .RQIRUPLWlW$XHUGHP EHWULIIW GLHVH

/|VXQJPHLVWHQVQXUGHQ.RSIXQG QLFKW GHQ .|USHU XQG
DXFK DXV GLHVHP *UXQGH KDW VLH 1DFKWHLOH JHJHQEHU GHQ
RUJLDVWLVFKHQ/|VXQJHQ'LH .RQIRUPLWlW GHU +HUGH KDW QXU
HLQHQ9RUWHLO6LHLVWYRQ'DXHUXQGRKQHMHGHQ.UDPSI'DV
,QGLYLGXXP ZLUG LP$OWHU YRQ GUHL RGHU YLHU -DKUHQ LQ GDV
NRQIRUPH0XVWHUHLQJHIKUWXQGYHUOLHUWGDQDFKQLHPHKUGHQ
.RQWDNWPLWGHU+HUGH
=XVlW]OLFK]XGHU.RQIRUPLWlWDOV0|JOLFKNHLWGLHDXVGHU
*HWUHQQWKHLW VWDPPHQGH$QJVW ]X EHVFKZLFKWLJHQ PX PDQ
VLFKQRFKPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ)DNWRUXQVHUHV]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ
/HEHQV EHVFKlIWLJHQ PLW GHU 5ROOH GHU $UEHLWV XQG
(QWVSDQQXQJVURXWLQH $OV 7HLO HLQHV +HHUHV YRQ $UEHLWHUQ
RGHUGHUEURNUDWLVFKHQ$UPHHGHU$QJHVWHOOWHQXQG0DQDJHU
LVWGHU0HQVFKQXUQRFKHLQH1XPPHU(UEUDXFKWNDXPPHKU
,QLWLDWLYHVHLQH$XIJDEHQZHUGHQLKPGXUFKGLH2UJDQLVDWLRQ
GHU$UEHLW YRUJHVFKULHEHQ HV LVW IDVW NHLQ 8QWHUVFKLHG PHKU
]ZLVFKHQ MHQHQ GLH REHQ DXI GHU /HLWHU XQG GHQHQ GLH
XQWHQ VWHKHQ 6LH DOOH IKUHQ $XIJDEHQ DXV GLH GXUFK GLH
JDQ]H 6WUXNWXU GHU 2UJDQLVDWLRQ YRUJHVFKULHEHQ VLQG XQG
]ZDU QLFKW QXU LQ HLQHP YRUJHVFKULHEHQHQ 7HPSR VRQGHUQ
DXFK LQ HLQHU YRUJHVFKULHEHQHQ $UW 6HOEVW GLH *HIKOH VLQG
YRUJHVFKULHEHQ )U|KOLFKNHLW 7ROHUDQ] =XYHUOlVVLJNHLW
(KUJHL] XQG GLH )lKLJNHLW PLW MHGHP RKQH 6FKZLHULJNHLW
DXV]XNRPPHQ 'DV 9HUJQJHQ LVW LQ lKQOLFKHU ZHQQ DXFK
QLFKWJDQ]VRGUDVWLVFKHU:HLVHVFKDEORQLVLHUW%FKHUZHUGHQ
YRQ GHQ %XFKNOXEV )LOPH YRQ GHQ .LQREHVLW]HUQ XQG GXUFK
GLH YRQ LKQHQ EH]DKOWHQ$Q]HLJHQWH[WH DXVJHZlKOW 'HU 5HVW
LVW HEHQIDOOV NRQIRUP GLH 6RQQWDJVIDKUW PLW GHP $XWR GLH
)HUQVHKVHQGXQJ GDV .DUWHQVSLHO XQG GLH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ

(LQODGXQJHQ 9RQ GHU *HEXUW ELV ]XP 7RGH YRQ 6RQQWDJ
ELV 0RQWDJ YRP 0RUJHQ ELV ]XP $EHQG DOOH 7lWLJNHLWHQ
VLQG VFKDEORQLVLHUW XQG YRUJHIHUWLJW :LH VROOWH HLQ 0HQVFK
GHU LQ GLHVHP 1HW] JHIDQJHQ LVW QLFKW YHUJHVVHQ GD HU HLQ
0HQVFK LVW HLQ HLQPDOLJHV ,QGLYLGXXP HLQ *HVFK|SI GHP
QXUGLHVHHLQH/HEHQVFKDQFHJHJHEHQLVWPLW+RIIQXQJHQXQG
(QWWlXVFKXQJHQ PLW 6RUJHQ XQG )XUFKW PLW GHU 6HKQVXFKW
QDFK/LHEHXQGGHU'URKXQJGHV1LFKWVXQGGHU(LQVDPNHLW
(LQHGULWWH0|JOLFKNHLW(LQKHLWXQG+DUPRQLH]XHUUHLFKHQ
OLHJWLQGHUVFK|SIHULVFKHQ7lWLJNHLWVHLHVGLHHLQHV.QVWOHUV
RGHU GLH HLQHV +DQGZHUNHUV ,Q MHGHU VFK|SIHULVFKHQ$UEHLW
YHUHLQLJWVLFKGHUVFK|SIHULVFKH0HQVFKPLWVHLQHP0DWHULDO
GDVGLH8PZHOWGHV0HQVFKHQGDUVWHOOW2EGHU7LVFKOHUHLQHQ
7LVFK DUEHLWHW RGHU GHU *ROGVFKPLHG HLQ 6FKPXFNVWFN RE
GHU %DXHU VHLQ *HWUHLGHIHOG EHVWHOOW RGHU GHU 0DOHU HLQ %LOG
PDOW LQ MHGHU VFK|SIHULVFKHQ $UEHLW ZHUGHQ $UEHLWHU XQG
*HJHQVWDQGHLQVYHUHLQLJWVLFKGHU0HQVFKPLWGHU:HOWLP
3UR]HGHV6FKDIIHQV'LHVJLOWMHGRFKQXUIUGLHSURGXNWLYH
$UEHLWIUHLQH$UEHLWGLHLFKVHOEVWSODQHGXUFKIKUHXQGEHL
GHULFKGDQQGDV(UJHEQLVPHLQHU$UEHLWVHKH,QGHPPRGHUQHQ
$UEHLWVDEODXIHLQHV$QJHVWHOOWHQHLQHV)OLHEDQGDUEHLWHUVLVW
NDXP HWZDV YRQ GLHVHU YHUHLQHQGHQ (LJHQVFKDIW GHU $UEHLW
EULJJHEOLHEHQ'HU$UEHLWHUZLUGHLQ7HLOGHU0DVFKLQHRGHU
GHUEURNUDWLVFKHQ2UJDQLVDWLRQ(UKDWDXIJHK|UWHUVHOEVW]X
VHLQGHQQMHQVHLWVMHQHU9HUHLQLJXQJGXUFK$QSDVVXQJQGHW
NHLQH9HUHLQLJXQJVWDWW
'LH (LQKHLW GLH GXUFK SURGXNWLYH $UEHLW HUIROJW LVW
QLFKW]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFK'LH(LQKHLWGLHGXUFKRUJLDVWLVFKH

9HUHLQLJXQJ HUUHLFKW ZLUG LVW YRUEHUJHKHQG 'LH (LQKHLW
GLHGXUFK.RQIRUPLWlWXQG$QSDVVXQJHUUHLFKWZLUG LVW QXU
HLQH3VHXGR(LQKHLW'LHHLJHQWOLFKHXQGWRWDOH$QWZRUWDXI
GLH H[LVWHQWLHOOH )UDJH OLHJW LQ GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ
9HUHLQLJXQJLQGHU9HUHLQLJXQJPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ0HQVFKHQ
LQGHU/LHEH
'DV9HUODQJHQQDFK]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHU9HUHLQLJXQJLVW
GDV VWlUNVWH 6WUHEHQ LP 0HQVFKHQ (V LVW GDV JUXQGOHJHQGVWH
9HUODQJHQGLH.UDIWGLHGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH]XVDPPHQKlOW
GHQ &ODQ GLH )DPLOLH XQG GLH *HVHOOVFKDIW 6HLQ 9HUVDJHQ
EHGHXWHW:DKQVLQQRGHU9HUQLFKWXQJ6HOEVWYHUQLFKWXQJRGHU
9HUQLFKWXQJDQGHUHU2KQH/LHEHN|QQWHGLH0HQVFKKHLWQLFKW
HLQHQHLQ]LJHQ7DJH[LVWLHUHQ:HQQZLUMHGRFKGLH(UUHLFKXQJ
GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ /LHEH QHQQHQ
EHQGHQ ZLU XQV LQ HLQHU HUQVWOLFKHQ 6FKZLHULJNHLW (LQH
9HUHLQLJXQJ NDQQ DXI YHUVFKLHGHQH :HLVH HUUHLFKW ZHUGHQ
XQG GLH 8QWHUVFKLHGH VLQGQLFKWZHQLJHUEHGHXWXQJVYROODOV
GDV ZDV GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ )RUPHQ GHU /LHEH JHPHLQVDP
LVW 6ROOWH PDQ DOOH DOV /LHEH EH]HLFKQHQ" 2GHU VROOWH PDQ
GDV :RUW /LHEH QXU HLQHU EHVRQGHUHQ$UW GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ
YRUEHKDOWHQ GLH LQ DOOHQ JURHQ KXPDQLVWLVFKHQ 5HOLJLRQHQ
XQG SKLORVRSKLVFKHQ 6\VWHPHQ GHU OHW]WHQ YLHUWDXVHQG -DKUH
ZHVWOLFKHUXQG|VWOLFKHU*HVFKLFKWHDOVK|FKVWH1RUPJDOW"
:LHEHLDOOHQVHPDQWLVFKHQ6FKZLHULJNHLWHQNDQQGLH$QWZRUW
QXUZLOONUOLFKVHLQ:LFKWLJLVWDOOHLQGDZLUJHQDXZLVVHQ
ZHOFKH$UWGHU9HUHLQLJXQJZLUPHLQHQZHQQ ZLU YRQ /LHEH
VSUHFKHQ%H]LHKHQZLUXQVDXIGLH/LHEHDOVGLHUHLIH$QWZRUW
DXI GDV 3UREOHP GHU ([LVWHQ] RGHU VSUHFKHQ ZLU YRQ GHQ

XQUHLIHQ)RUPHQGHU/LHEHGLHPDQV\PELRWLVFKH9HUHLQLJXQJ
QHQQHQN|QQWH"$XIGHQIROJHQGHQ6HLWHQZHUGHLFKQXUHUVWHUHV
DOV/LHEHEH]HLFKQHQ%HJLQQHQZHUGHLFKGLH'LVNXVVLRQMHGRFK
PLWOHW]WHUHP
'LHV\PELRWLVFKH9HUHLQLJXQJKDWLKUELRORJLVFKHV9RUELOG LQ
GHU %H]LHKXQJ ]ZLVFKHQ GHU VFKZDQJHUHQ 0XWWHU XQG GHP
)RHWXV 6LH VLQG ]ZHL XQG GRFK HLQV 6LH OHEHQ ]XVDPPHQ
V\PELRVLV VLH EUDXFKHQ VLFK JHJHQVHLWLJ 'HU )RHWXV LVW HLQ
7HLO GHU 0XWWHU XQG HPSIlQJW YRQ LKU DOOHV ZDV HU EUDXFKW
GLH0XWWHULVWVR]XVDJHQVHLQH:HOW6LHHUQlKUWXQGEHVFKW]W
LKQ DEHU DXFK LKU /HEHQ HUIlKUW GXUFK LKQ HLQH 6WHLJHUXQJ
,QGHUSV\FKLVFKHQV\PELRWLVFKHQ9HUHLQLJXQJVLQGGLHEHLGHQ
.|USHU XQDEKlQJLJ DEHU GLH JOHLFKH $UW GHV JHJHQVHLWLJHQ
$QJHZLHVHQVHLQVEHVWHKWSV\FKRORJLVFK
'LH SDVVLYH )RUP GHU V\PELRWLVFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ LVW GLH
8QWHUZHUIXQJ RGHU ZHQQ ZLU GLH NOLQLVFKH %H]HLFKQXQJ
YHUZHQGHQ GHU 0DVRFKLVPXV 'HU PDVRFKLVWLVFKH 0HQVFK
HQWULQQW GHP XQHUWUlJOLFKHQ *HIKO GHU ,VRODWLRQ XQG
*HWUHQQWKHLWLQGHPHUVLFKVHOEVW]XHLQHP7HLO]XHLQHP*OLHG
HLQHUDQGHUHQ3HUVRQPDFKWGLHLKQIKUWOHLWHWXQGEHVFKW]W
GLH VR]XVDJHQ VHLQ /HEHQ LVW XQG RKQH GLH HU JDU QLFKW OHEHQ
N|QQWH 'LH 0DFKW MHQHU 3HUVRQ GHU PDQ VLFK XQWHUZLUIW LVW
EHUVWHLJHUWPDJVLHQXQHLQ0HQVFKRGHUHLQ*RWWVHLQVLHLVW
DOOHVLFKVHOEVWELQQLFKWVDEJHVHKHQDOOHLQGDYRQGDLFKHLQ
7HLOYRQLKUELQ'HQQGDPLWELQLFKDXFKHLQ7HLOLKUHU*U|H
LKUHU0DFKWLKUHU6LFKHUKHLW'HU0DVRFKLVWKDWVHOEVWNHLQH
(QWVFKHLGXQJHQ]XWUHIIHQKDWNHLQ5LVLNRDXIVLFK]XQHKPHQ
HU LVW QLHPDOV DOOHLQ HU LVW MHGRFK DXFK QLFKW XQDEKlQJLJ

(U LVW QLFKW YROOVWlQGLJ LVW QRFK JDU QLFKW JDQ] JHERUHQ ,Q
UHOLJL|VHU 6SUDFKH ZLUG GDV 2EMHNW GHU 9HUHKUXQJ PLW ,GRO
EH]HLFKQHW LQ GHU PDVRFKLVWLVFKHQ /LHEHVEH]LHKXQJ OLHJW
MHGRFK GHUVHOEH 0HFKDQLVPXV GHU *|W]HQDQEHWXQJ YRU 'LH
PDVRFKLVWLVFKH %H]RJHQKHLW NDQQ PLW SK\VLVFKHP VH[XHOOHP
9HUODQJHQYHUPLVFKWVHLQLQGLHVHP)DOOKDQGHOWHVVLFKQLFKW
QXU XP HLQH 8QWHUZHUIXQJ DQ GHU GLH 3KDQWDVLH WHLOKDW
VRQGHUQ XP HLQH GLH GHQ JHVDPWHQ .|USHU EHWULIIW(VJLEW
HLQH PDVRFKLVWLVFKH 8QWHUZHUIXQJ XQWHU GDV 6FKLFNVDO XQWHU
.UDQNKHLW UK\WKPLVFKH 0XVLN RGHU GLH RUJLDVWLVFKH GXUFK
'URJHQRGHU7UDQFHKHUYRUJHUXIHQH(NVWDVHLQDOOHQGLHVHQ
)lOOHQYHUOLHUWGHU%HWURIIHQHVHLQH,QWHJULWlWXQGPDFKWVLFK
GDPLW VHOEVW ]XP ,QVWUXPHQW HLQHV DQGHUHQ 0HQVFKHQ RGHU
'LQJHVHULVWGDPLWGHU$XIJDEHHQWKREHQGDV3UREOHPGHV
/HEHQVVHOEVWXQGLQ)UHLKHLW]XO|VHQ
'LH DNWLYH )RUP GHU V\PELRWLVFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ LVW
%HKHUUVFKXQJ GHV DQGHUHQ 0HQVFKHQ RGHU XP GLH GHP
0DVRFKLVPXV HQWVSUHFKHQGH SV\FKRORJLVFKH %H]HLFKQXQJ
]X QHKPHQ 6DGLVPXV 'HU 6DGLVW P|FKWH VHLQHU (LQVDPNHLW
GDGXUFK HQWJHKHQ GD HU HLQHQ DQGHUHQ ]X HLQHP 7HLO ]X
HLQHP*OLHGVHLQHUJHOEVWPDFKW(UEHUVWHLJHUWXQGYHUJU|HUW
VLFKVHOEVWGXUFKGLH(LQYHUOHLEXQJMHQHUDQGHUHQ3HUVRQGLH
LKQDQEHWHW
'HU6DGLVWLVWYRQMHQHU3HUVRQGLHVLFKLKPXQWHUZRUIHQKDW
JHQDXVR DEKlQJLJ ZLH GLHVH YRQ LKP NHLQHU NDQQ RKQH GHQ
DQGHUHQOHEHQ'HU8QWHUVFKLHGOLHJWOHGLJOLFKGDULQGDGHU
6DGLVW EHHKOW DXVQXW]W YHUOHW]W XQG HUQLHGULJW ZlKUHQG GHU
0DVRFKLVW VLFK EHIHKOHQ DXVQXW]HQ YHUOHW]HQ XQG HUQLHGULJHQ

OlW 'DV LVW LQ UHDOLVWLVFKHP 6LQQH HLQ EHWUlFKWOLFKHU
8QWHUVFKLHGLQHLQHPWLHIHUHQ6LQQHLVWGHU8QWHUVFKLHGMHGRFK
QLFKWVRJURZLHGDVZDVEHLGHJHPHLQVDPKDEHQ9HUHLQLJXQJ
RKQH 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW XQG ,QWHJULWlW :HQQ PDQ GLHV EHJUHLIW
LVW HV DXFK QLFKW EHUUDVFKHQG IHVW]XVWHOOHQ GD HLQH 3HUVRQ
JHZ|KQOLFK VRZRKO DXI VDGLVWLVFKH DOV DXFK DXI PDVRFKLVWLVFKH
$UWUHDJLHUWLPDOOJHPHLQHQDOOHUGLQJVJHJHQEHUYHUVFKLHGHQHQ
2EMHNWHQ +LWOHU UHDJLHUWH 0HQVFKHQ JHJHQEHU LQ HUVWHU
/LQLH DXI VDGLVWLVFKH VHLQHP 6FKLFNVDO GHU *HVFKLFKWH
XQG GHQ K|KHUHQ 0lFKWHQ GHU 1DWXU JHJHQEHU MHGRFK DXI
PDVRFKLVWLVFKH:HLVH
,P*HJHQVDW]]XGHUV\PELRWLVFKHQ9HUHLQLJXQJLVWGLHUHLIH
/LHEH (LQV6HLQ XQWHU GHU %HGLQJXQJ GLH HLJHQH ,QWHJULWlW
XQG 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW ]X EHZDKUHQ XQG GDPLW DXFK GLH HLJHQH
,QGLYLGXDOLWlW 'LH /LHEH GHV 0HQVFKHQ LVW HLQH DNWLYH .UDIW
GLHGLH0DXHUQGXUFKEULFKWGXUFKGLHGHU0HQVFKYRQVHLQHQ
0LWPHQVFKHQJHWUHQQWLVWXQGGLHLKQPLWGHQDQGHUHQYHUHLQW
'LH/LHEHOlWLKQGDV*HIKOYRQ,VRODWLRQXQG*HWUHQQWKHLW
EHUZLQGHQ HUODXEW LKP DEHU VLFK VHOEVW WUHX ]X EOHLEHQ
XQG VHLQH ,QWHJULWlW VHLQ 6R6HLQ ]X EHZDKUHQ ,Q GHU /LHEH
HUHLJQHW VLFK GDV 3DUDGR[ GD ]ZHL :HVHQ HLQV ZHUGHQ
XQG GRFK ]ZHL EOHLEHQ :HQQ ZLU VDJHQ GD GLH /LHEH HLQH
$NWLYLWlW LVW VWHKHQ ZLU GHU 6FKZLHULJNHLW JHJHQEHU GLH
LQ GHU GRSSHOVLQQLJHQ %HGHXWXQJ GHV :RUWHV $NWLYLWlW
OLHJW0LW$NWLYLWlWPHLQWPDQLPPRGHUQHQ*HEUDXFKGHV
:RUWHV JHZ|KQOLFK HLQH +DQGOXQJ GLH GXUFK $XIZHQGXQJ
YRQ (QHUJLH HLQH 9HUlQGHUXQJ LQ LUJHQGHLQHU EHVWHKHQGHQ

9JOGLHDXVIKUOLFKH6WXGLHEHU6DGLVPXVXQG0DVRFKLVPQVLQ()URPP'LH
)XUFKWYRUGHU)UHLKHLW=ULFK

6LWXDWLRQ]XVWDQGHEULQJW6RJLOWHLQ0HQVFKDOVDNWLYZHQQHU
JHVFKlIWOLFKWlWLJLVW0HGL]LQVWXGLHUWDP)OLHEDQGDUEHLWHW
HLQHQ 6WXKO WLVFKOHUW RGHU VLFK VSRUWOLFK EHWlWLJW 6lPWOLFKHQ
JHQDQQWHQ7lWLJNHLWHQLVWJHPHLQVDPGDVLHGDUDXIJHULFKWHW
VLQG HLQ lXHUOLFKHV =LHO ]X HUUHLFKHQ 1LFKW EHUFNVLFKWLJW
ZLUGGDEHLGLH4XHOOHGHU$NWLYLWlW1HKPHQZLU]XP%HLVSLHO
HLQHQ 0DQQ GHU GXUFK GDV *HIKO JU|WHU 8QVLFKHUKHLW RGHU
(LQVDPNHLW ]X EHVHVVHQHU $UEHLW RGHU MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU
YRQ (KUJHL] RGHU *HOGJLHU JHWULHEHQ ZLUG ,Q GLHVHQ )lOOHQ
LVW GLH 3HUVRQ GHU 6NODYH HLQHU 3DVVLRQ HLQHU /HLGHQVFKDIW
XQG VHLQH $NWLYLWlW LVW LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW 3DVVLYLWlW ZHLO HU
JHWULHEHQZLUGHULVWGHU/HLGHQGHXQGQLFKWGHU+DQGHOQGH
$XI GHU DQGHUHQ 6HLWH KlOW PDQ HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU VWLOO
XQG QDFKGHQNOLFK DXI VHLQHP 6WXKO VLW]W RKQH LUJHQGHLQHQ
DQGHUHQ =ZHFN DOV GHQ VLFK VHOEVW XQG VHLQH (LQKHLW PLW
GHU :HOW ]X EHWUDFKWHQ XQG ]X HUOHEHQ IU SDVVLY HEHQ
ZHLO HU QLFKWV WXW ,Q :LUNOLFKNHLW LVW GLHVH NRQ]HQWULHUWH
0HGLWDWLRQGLHK|FKVWH$NWLYLWlWHLQH$NWLYLWlWGHU6HHOHGLH
QXUXQWHUGHU%HGLQJXQJLQQHUHU)UHLKHLWXQG8QDEKlQJLJNHLW
EHUKDXSW P|JOLFK LVW 'HU HLQH %HJULII GHU $NWLYLWlW XQG
]ZDU GHU PRGHUQH PHLQW GLH 9HUZHQGXQJ YRQ (QHUJLH ]XU
(UUHLFKXQJlXHUOLFKHU=LHOHGHUDQGHUH%HJULIIGHU$NWLYLWlW
PHLQW GLH 9HUZHQGXQJ GHU GHP 0HQVFKHQ LQQHZRKQHQGHQ
.UlIWH XQJHDFKWHW GHU 7DWVDFKH RE LUJHQGZHOFKH lXHUHQ
9HUlQGHUXQJHQGDPLWHUUHLFKWZHUGHQ'HU]ZHLWH%HJULIIGHU
$NWLYLWlWLVWDPNODUVWHQYRQ6SLQR]DIRUPXOLHUWZRUGHQ%HL
GHQ$IIHNWHQXQWHUVFKHLGHWHU]ZLVFKHQDNWLYHQXQGSDVVLYHQ
]ZLVFKHQ $NWLRQHQ XQG 3DVVLRQHQ :HQQ GHU 0HQVFK
HLQHPDNWLYHQ$IIHNWJHPlKDQGHOWLVWHUIUHLLVWHUGHU+HUU

GHV $IIHNWHV ZHQQ HU YRQ HLQHP SDVVLYHQ $IIHNW PRWLYLHUW
LVW LVW HU JHWULHEHQ GDV 2EMHNW YRQ 0RWLYHQ GLH LKP VHOEVW
JDU QLFKW EHZXW VLQG 6R NRPPW 6SLQR]D VFKOLHOLFK ]X GHU
)HVWVWHOOXQJ GD7XJHQG XQG VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW PlFKWLJ VHLQ
HLQXQGGDVVHOEHVLQG1HLG(LIHUVXFKW(KUJHL]XQGMHGH$UW
YRQ*LHUVLQG/HLGHQVFKDIWHQ3DVVLRQHQGLH/LHEHGDJHJHQLVW
HLQH$NWLRQ$XVEXQJHLQHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ0DFKWGLHQXULQ
)UHLKHLWDXVJHEWZHUGHQNDQQXQGQLHPDOVGDV(UJHEQLVHLQHV
=ZDQJHVLVW
'LH/LHEHLVWHLQH$NWLYLWlWXQGNHLQSDVVLYHU$IIHNW*DQ]
DOOJHPHLQNDQQPDQVLHPLWGHU)HVWVWHOOXQJXPVFKUHLEHQGD
GLH/LHEHLQHUVWHU/LQLHHLQ*HEHQXQGNHLQ(PSIDQJHQLVW
:DVLVWQXQ*HEHQ"6RHLQIDFKGLH$QWZRUWDXIGLHVH)UDJH]X
VHLQVFKHLQWVRGRSSHOVLQQLJXQGYHUZLFNHOWLVWVLHWDWVlFKOLFK
'DVYHUEUHLWHWVWH0LYHUVWlQGQLVLVWGLH$QQDKPHGD*HEHQ
LP*UXQGH$XIJHEHQEHGHXWHWGDPDQHLQHU6DFKHEHUDXEW
ZLUG RGHU VLH RSIHUW 'LH 3HUVRQ GHUHQ &KDUDNWHU VLFK QRFK
QLFKW EHU GDV 6WDGLXP GHV (PSIDQJHQV GHV$XVQXW]HQV RGHU
=XVDPPHQUDIIHQVKLQDXVHQWZLFNHOWKDWHUOHEWGLH+DQGOXQJGHV
*HEHQVDXIGLHVH:HLVH'HUPHUNDQWLOH&KDUDNWHULVWEHUHLW
]X JHEHQ DEHU QXU LP$XVWDXVFK JHJHQ HWZDV DQGHUHV GDV HU
GDIU HPSIlQJW *HEHQ RKQH (PSIDQJHQ LVW IU LKQ %HWUXJ
0HQVFKHQGHUHQ&KDUDNWHUVWUXNWXUZHVHQWOLFKXQSURGXNWLYLVW
KDEHQGDV*HIKOGDPDQLKQHQHWZDVZHJQLPPW'LHPHLVWHQ
,QGLYLGXHQ GLHVHV 7\SV ZHLJHUQ VLFK GDKHU HWZDV ]X JHEHQ
0DQFKHPDFKHQGDJHJHQDXVGHP*HEHQHLQH7XJHQGLP6LQQH

6SLQR]D(WKLN,9'HILQLWLRQ
9JOGLHDXVIKUOLFKH'LVNXVVLRQGLHVHUFKDUDNWHUOLFKHQ$QODJHQLQ()URPP
3V\FKRDQDO\VHXQG(WKLN=ULFK.DS6

GHV2SIHUQV6LHJODXEHQGDPDQJHEHQVROOWHJHUDGHZHLOHV
VRVFKPHU]OLFKLVWGLH7XJHQGGHV*HEHQVOLHJWIUVLHJHUDGH
LQGHU%HUHLWVFKDIW]XP2SIHUQ)UVLHEHGHXWHWGLH1RUPGD
*HEHQEHVVHULVWDOV1HKPHQQLFKWVDQGHUHVDOVGLH7DWVDFKHGD
HVEHVVHULVWHLQHQ9HUOXVW]XHUOHLGHQDOV)UHXGH]XHUOHEHQ
)UGHQVFK|SIHULVFKHQ&KDUDNWHUKDWGDV*HEHQHLQHY|OOLJ
DQGHUH%HGHXWXQJ*HEHQLVWIULKQGHUK|FKVWH$XVGUXFNYRQ
.UDIW *HUDGH LQ GHU +DQGOXQJ GHV *HEHQV HUOHEH LFK PHLQH
.UDIWPHLQH:RKOKDEHQKHLWPHLQH3RWHQ]'LHVHV(UOHEQLV
JHVWHLJHUWHU 9LWDOLWlW XQG .UDIW HUIOOW PLFK PLW )UHXGH ,FK
HUOHEH PLFK VHOEVW DOV EHUVWU|PHQG OHEHQGLJ XQG GDKHU
IUHXGLJ*HEHQEULQJWPHKU)UHXGHDOV(PSIDQJHQQLFKWZHLO
HVHLQ2SIHULVWVRQGHUQZHLOLQGHU+DQGOXQJGHV*HEHQVGHU
$XVGUXFNPHLQHU/HEHQVNUDIWOLHJW
(V LVW QLFKW VFKZHU GLH *OWLJNHLW GLHVHV *UXQGVDW]HV
]X HUNHQQHQ ZHQQ PDQ LKQ DXI YHUVFKLHGHQH VSH]LVFKH
(UVFKHLQXQJHQDQZHQGHW'DVHOHPHQWDUVWH%HLVSLHOQGHQZLU
LQGHU6SKlUHGHU6H[XDOLWlW'HU+|KHSXQNWGHUPlQQOLFKHQ
6H[XDOIXQNWLRQOLHJWLP$NWGHV*HEHQVGHU0DQQJLEWVLFK
JLEWVHLQ6H[XDORUJDQGHU)UDX,P$XJHQEOLFNGHV2UJDVPXV
JLEWHULKUVHLQHQ6DPHQ(UNDQQHVQLFKWYHUKLQGHUQZHQQ
HUSRWHQWLVWZHQQHUQLFKWJHEHQNDQQLVWHULPSRWHQW)U
GLH )UDX LVW GLHVHU 9RUJDQJ NHLQHVZHJV DQGHUV VRQGHUQ QXU
HWZDVYHUZLFNHOWHU$XFKVLHJLEWVLFKKLQVLH|IIQHWGLH7RUH
]XGHP,QQHUVWHQLKUHU:HLEOLFKNHLWLP(PSIDQJHQJLEWVLH
:HQQVLH]XGLHVHU)RUPGHV*HEHQVXQIlKLJLVWZHQQVLHQXU
HPSIDQJHQNDQQLVWVLHIULJLG%HLLKUZLHGHUKROWVLFKGLH

9JOGLHYRQ6SLQR]DJHJHEHQH'HQLWLRQGHU)UHXGH

+DQGOXQJ GHV *HEHQV LQ LKUHU )XQNWLRQ DOV 0XWWHU 6LH JLEW
GHP LQ LKU ZDFKVHQGHQ .LQG YRQ VLFK VHOEVW VLH JLEW LKP
VSlWHULKUH0LOFKXQGLKUH.|USHUZlUPH1LFKWJHEHQZlUH
IUVLHVFKPHU]OLFK
,QGHU6SKlUH GHU PDWHULHOOHQ 'LQJH LVW *HEHQ 5HLFKWXP
1LFKW GHU GHU KDW LVW UHLFK VRQGHUQ GHU GHU YLHO JLEW
'HU *HL]LJH GHU $QJVW YRU MHGHP 9HUOXVW KDW LVW
SV\FKRORJLVFK JHVDJW HLQ DUPHU XQG DUPVHOLJHU 0HQVFK
XQJHDFKWHWGHU7DWVDFKHZLHYLHOHUEHVLW]W:HUMHGRFKIlKLJ
LVW YRQ VLFK VHOEVW ]X JHEHQ LVW UHLFK (U HUOHEW VLFK VHOEVW
DOV HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU DQGHUHQ YRQ VLFK VHOEVW JHEHQ
NDQQ 1XU HLQ 0HQVFK GHU ZHQLJHU KDW DOV GDV ]XP /HEHQ
$OOHUQRWZHQGLJVWH LVW QLFKW LQ GHU /DJH GLH %HIULHGLJXQJ
GHV*HEHQVPDWHULHOOHU'LQJH]XHUOHEHQ$EHUGLHDOOWlJOLFKH
(UIDKUXQJ OHKUW GD GDV ZDV HLQ 0HQVFK DOV 0LQGHVWPD
GHV ]XP /HEHQ 1RWZHQGLJHQ DQVLHKW YRQ VHLQHP &KDUDNWHU
ZLH DXFK YRQ VHLQHP WDWVlFKOLFKHQ %HVLW] DEKlQJLJ LVW (V
LVW EHNDQQW GD GHU$UPH EHUHLWZLOOLJHU JLEW DOV GHU 5HLFKH
7URW]GHP PDFKW GLH$UPXW MHQVHLWV HLQHU EHVWLPPWHQ *UHQ]H
DXFK GDV *HEHQ XQP|JOLFK XQG JHUDGH GDV LVW HUQLHGULJHQG
QLFKW QXU ZHJHQ GHV /HLGV GDV XQPLWWHOEDU KHUYRUJHUXIHQ
ZLUG VRQGHUQ DXFK ZHJHQ GHU 7DWVDFKH GD HV GHQ$UPHQ
GHU)UHXGHGHV*HEHQVEHUDXEW
'LHZLFKWLJVWH6SKlUHGHV*HEHQVLVWMHGRFKQLFKWGLHPDWH
ULHOOHU'LQJHVLHOLHJWYLHOPHKUDXIVSH]LVFKPHQVFKOLFKHP
*HELHW:DVJLEWHLJHQWOLFKHLQ0HQVFKGHPDQGHUHQ"(UJLEW
YRQVLFKVHOEVWYRQGHP.RVWEDUVWHQZDVHUEHVLW]WYRQVHL
QHP/HEHQ'DVEHGHXWHWQLFKWQRWZHQGLJHUZHLVHGDHUVHLQ

/HEHQDQGHUHQ]XP2SIHUEULQJWVRQGHUQGDHUYRQGHPJLEW
ZDVLQLKPOHEHQGLJLVW(UJLEWYRQVHLQHU)UHXGHYRQVHLQHP
,QWHUHVVH YRQ VHLQHP 9HUVWlQGQLV YRQ VHLQHP :LVVHQ YRQ
VHLQHP+XPRUXQGYRQVHLQHU7UDXULJNHLWNXU]YRQDOOHP
ZDVLQLKPOHEHQGLJLVW8QGGDGXUFKGDHUYRQVHLQHP/HEHQ
JLEW EHUHLFKHUW HU GHQ DQGHUHQ VWHLJHUW HU GDV /HEHQVJHIKO
GHV DQGHUHQ LQ GHU 6WHLJHUXQJ GHV HLJHQHQ /HEHQVJHIKOV
(UJLEWQLFKWXPHWZDVGDIU]XHPSIDQJHQDEHUGXUFKVHLQ
*HEHQNDQQHUQLFKWYHUPHLGHQLPDQGHUHQHWZDV]XP/HEHQ
]X HUZHFNHQ GDV ZLHGHUXP DXI LKQ ]XUFNZLUNW ZHLO HU HW
ZDV JLEW NDQQ HU QLFKW XPKLQ GDV ]X HPSIDQJHQ ZDV LKP
]XUFNJHJHEHQZLUG'DV*HEHQXPVFKOLHWJOHLFK]HLWLJGD
GHUDQGHUHHEHQIDOOV]XP*HEHQGHQZLUGXQGGDEHLGHVLFK
DQ GHP IUHXHQ ZDV ]XP /HEHQ HUZHFNW ZRUGHQ LVW ,P$NW
GHV*HEHQVZLUGHWZDVJHERUHQXQGEHLGHGHU*HEHQGHXQG
GHU(PSIDQJHQGHVLQGGDQNEDUIUGDV/HEHQGLJHGDVIUVLH
EHLGHJHERUHQZXUGH%HVRQGHUVLP+LQEOLFNDXIGLH/LHEHEH
GHXWHWGLHV,PSRWHQ]LVWGLH8QIlKLJNHLW/LHEH]XVFKDIIHQ
'LHVHU*HGDQNHLVWYRQ0DU[VHKUVFK|QDXVJHGUFNWZRUGHQ
6HW]H VR VDJW HU GHQ 0HQVFKHQ DOV 0HQVFKHQ XQG VHLQ
9HUKlOWQLV ]XU :HOW DOV HLQ PHQVFKOLFKHV YRUDXV VR NDQQVW
GX /LHEH QXU JHJHQ /LHEH DXVWDXVFKHQ9HUWUDXHQ QXU JHJHQ
9HUWUDXHQXVZ:HQQGXGLH.XQVWJHQLHHQZLOOVWPXWGX
HLQNQVWOHULVFKJHELOGHWHU0HQVFKVHLQZHQQGX(LQXDXI
DQGHUH0HQVFKHQDXVEHQZLOOVWPXWGXHLQZLUNOLFKDQUH
JHQG XQG I|UGHUQG DXI DQGHUH 0HQVFKHQ ZLUNHQGHU 0HQVFK
VHLQ -HGHV GHLQHU 9HUKlOWQLVVH ]XP 0HQVFKHQ XQG ]X GHU
1DWXU PX HLQH EHVWLPPWH GHP *HJHQVWDQG GHLQHV :LOOHQV
HQWVSUHFKHQGH bXHUXQJ GHLQHV ZLUNOLFKHQ LQGLYLGXHOOHQ

/HEHQVVHLQ:HQQGXOLHEVWRKQH*HJHQOLHEHKHUYRU]XUXIHQ
GDV KHLW ZHQQ GHLQ /LHEHQ DOV /LHEH QLFKW GLH *HJHQOLHEH
SURGX]LHUWZHQQGXGXUFKHLQH/HEHQVlXHUXQJDOVOLHEHQGHU
0HQVFK GLFK QLFKW ]XP JHOLHEWHQ 0HQVFKHQ PDFKVW VR LVW
GHLQH/LHEHRKQPlFKWLJHLQ8QJOFN$EHUQLFKWQXULQGHU
/LHEHEHGHXWHW*HEHQDXFK(PSIDQJHQ'HU/HKUHUOHUQWYRQ
VHLQHQ 6FKOHUQ GHU 6FKDXVSLHOHU ZLUG GXUFK GLH =XVFKDXHU
DQJHVSRUQWGHU3V\FKRDQDO\WLNHUZLUGGXUFKVHLQHQ3DWLHQWHQ
JHKHLOWYRUDXVJHVHW]WPDQEH]LHKWVLFK]XPDQGHUHQQLFKW
DOV2EMHNWVRQGHUQLVWLKPZLUNOLFKXQGVFK|SIHULVFKYHUEXQ
GHQ
(V LVW NDXP QRWZHQGLJ GLH 7DWVDFKH ]X EHWRQHQ GD GLH
)lKLJNHLW ]XU /LHEH DOV HLQH +DQGOXQJ GHV *HEHQV YRQ GHU
FKDUDNWHUOLFKHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU 3HUVRQ DEKlQJLJ LVW 6LH
VHW]W GLH (UUHLFKXQJ HLQHU YRUKHUUVFKHQG SURGXNWLYHQ
2ULHQWLHUXQJ YRUDXV LQ GLHVHU +DOWXQJ KDW GHU 0HQVFK
VHLQH $EKlQJLJNHLW VHLQH QDU]LWLVFKH $OOPDFKW XQG GDV
9HUODQJHQ DQGHUH DXV]XKHXOHQ EHUZXQGHQ XQG KDW GHQ
*ODXEHQDQVHLQHHLJHQHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ.UlIWHJHIXQGHQGHQ
0XW VLFK ]XU (UUHLFKXQJ VHLQHU =LHOH DOOHLQ DXI GLH HLJHQHQ
.UlIWH]XYHUODVVHQ,QGHP0DHLQGHPGLHVH(LJHQVFKDIWHQ
IHKOHQ IUFKWHW PDQ VLFK GDYRU VLFK VHOEVW ]X JHEHQ DOVR
DXFK]XOLHEHQ
-HQVHLWVGHV(OHPHQWVGHV*HEHQVZLUGGHUDNWLYH&KDUDNWHU
GHU /LHEH QRFK LQ GHU 7DWVDFKH GHXWOLFK GD VLH LPPHU
JHZLVVH *UXQGHOHPHQWH HQWKlOW GLH DOOHQ )RUPHQ GHU /LHEH

1DWLRQDO|NRQRPLH XQG 3KLORVRSKLH YHU|IIHQWOLFKW LQ .DUO 0DU[ 'LH

)UKVFKULIWHQKVJYRQ6/DQGVKXW6WXWWJDUW6I

JHPHLQ VLQG (V VLQG )UVRUJH 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW 5HVSHNW
XQG:LVVHQ
'D]XGHU/LHEHGLH)UVRUJHJHK|UWZLUGLQGHU/LHEHHLQHU
0XWWHU ]X LKUHP .LQGH DP GHXWOLFKVWHQ .HLQH %HWHXHUXQJ
LKUHU/LHEHZUGHXQVLPJHULQJVWHQEHHLQGUXFNHQZHQQZLU
HUOHEWHQGDVLHHVDQ)UVRUJHIUGD.LQGIHKOHQOLHHGD
VLHVLFKZHLJHUWHHV]XIWWHUQ]XEDGHQXQGIUVHLQOHLEOLFKHV
:RKO]XVRUJHQLKUH/LHEHZLUNWGDJHJHQJODXEKDIWZHQQVLH
IULKU.LQGVRUJW1LFKWDQGHUVLVWHVEHLGHU/LHEH]X7LHUHQ
RGHU %OXPHQ :HQQ HLQH )UDX XQV HU]lKOWH GD VLH %OXPHQ
OLHEH XQG ZLU GDQQ IHVWVWHOOWHQ GD VLH YHUJD GLH %OXPHQ
]X EHJLHHQ ZUGHQ ZLU LKU GLH /LHEH ]X %OXPHQ QLFKW
JODXEHQ/LHEHLVWGLHDNWLYH)UVRUJHIUGDV/HEHQXQGGDV
:DFKVHQGHVVHQZDVZLUOLHEHQ:HQQGLHVHDNWLYH)UVRUJH
IHKOWLVWGHU$IIHNWQLFKW/LHEH'LHVHV(OHPHQWGHU/LHEHLVW
EHVRQGHUVVFK|QLQGHP%XFK-RQDEHVFKULHEHQ*RWWKDW-RQD
DXIJHWUDJHQ QDFK 1LQLYH ]X JHKHQ XQG GHQ %HZRKQHUQ ]X
VDJHQGDVLHEHVWUDIWZUGHQZHQQVLHVLFKQLFKWYRQLKUHQ
E|VHQ:HJHQEHNHKUWHQ-RQDLHKWMHGRFKYRUGLHVHP$XIWUDJ
ZHLOHUIUFKWHWGDGLH(LQZRKQHU1LQLYHVEHUHXHQXQG*RWW
LKQHQGDQQYHUJHEHQZHUGH(ULVWHLQ0DQQGHV5HFKWVXQGGHU
VWDUUHQ *HUHFKWLJNHLW DEHU NHLQ 0DQQ GHU /LHEH %HL VHLQHP
9HUVXFK]XLHKHQQGHWHUVLFKLP%DXFKHLQHVJURHQ)LVFKHV
ZLHGHU GHU GDV 6WDGLXP GHU ,VROLHUXQJ XQG *HIDQJHQVFKDIW
V\PEROLVLHUW KLHUKHU KDW LKQ VHLQ 0DQJHO DQ 0LWJHIKO XQG
/LHEHJHEUDFKW*RWWHUUHWWHWLKQXQG-RQDJHKWQDFK1LQLYH
(USUHGLJWGHQ(LQZRKQHUQZDV*RWWLKPDXIJHWUDJHQKDWXQG
GDVZDV-RQDEHIUFKWHWKDWWULWWWDWVlFKOLFKHLQ'LH%HZRKQHU
1LQLYHVEHUHXHQLKUH6QGHQEHNHKUHQVLFKYRQLKUHPE|VHQ

:HJHXQG*RWWYHU]HLKWLKQHQXQGEHVFKOLHWGLH6WDGWQLFKW
]X]HUVW|UHQ-RQDLVWVHKUYHUlUJHUWXQGHQWWlXVFKWHUZROOWH
*HUHFKWLJNHLWQLFKW/LHEH6FKOLHOLFKQGHWHULP6FKDWWHQ
HLQHV%DXPHVGHQ*RWWIULKQZDFKVHQOLHXPLKQYRUGHU
6RQQH]XVFKW]HQVHLQH5XKHZLHGHU$OV*RWWGLHVHQ%DXP
MHGRFK YHUGRUUHQ OlW LVW -RQD QLHGHUJHVFKODJHQ XQG EHNODJW
VLFK lUJHUOLFK EHL *RWW *RWW HUZLGHUW GDUDXI 'LFK MDPPHUW
GHV5L]LQXVGDUDQGXQLFKWJHDUEHLWHWKDVWKDVWLKQDXFKQLFKW
DXIJH]RJHQ ZHOFKHU LQ HLQHU 1DFKW ZDUG XQG LQ HLQHU 1DFKW
YHUGDUEXQGPLFKVROOWHQLFKWMDPPHUQ1LQLYHVVROFKHUJURHQ
6WDGW LQ ZHOFKHU VLQG PHKU GHQQ KXQGHUWXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG
0HQVFKHQGLHQLFKWZLVVHQ8QWHUVFKLHGZDVUHFKWVRGHUOLQNV
LVWGD]XDXFKYLHOH7LHUH"*RWWHUNOlUW-RQDGDHVGDV:HVHQ
GHU /LHEH LVW IU HWZDV ]X DUEHLWHQ XQG HV DXI]X]LHKHQ
GD /LHEH XQG$UEHLW XQWUHQQEDU VLQG 0DQ OLHEW GDV ZRIU
PDQDUEHLWHWXQGPDQDUEHLWHWIUGDVZDVPDQOLHEW
)UVRUJH XQG %HVRUJWKHLW HQWKDOWHQ HLQHQ ZHLWHUHQ$VSHNW
GHU /LHEH GHQ GHU 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW +HXWH YHUVWHKW PDQ
XQWHU 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW KlXJ 3LFKW HWZDV GDV HLQHP
YRQ DXHQ DXIHUOHJW ZLUG $EHU LQ LKUHP HLJHQWOLFKHQ 6LQQH
LVW GLH 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW HLQH Y|OOLJ IUHLZLOOLJH +DQGOXQJ
VLH LVW PHLQH $QWZRUW DXI GLH DXVJHVSURFKHQHQ RGHU
XQDXVJHVSURFKHQHQ :QVFKH HLQHV DQGHUHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ
:HVHQV 9HUDQWZRUWOLFK ]X VHLQ EHGHXWHW IlKLJ XQG
EHUHLW ]X VHLQ ]X DQWZRUWHQ -RQD IKOWH JHJHQEHU GHQ
(LQZRKQHUQ 1LQLYHV NHLQH 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW :LH .DLQ
N|QQWH HU GLH )UDJH VWHOOHQ 6ROO LFK PHLQHV %UXGHUV +WHU
VHLQ" 'HU OLHEHQGH 0HQVFK DQWZRUWHW 'DV /HEHQ VHLQHV
%UXGHUV LVW QLFKWV ZDV GHQ %UXGHU DOOHLQ DQJLQJH VRQGHUQ

HWZDV GDV DXFK LKQ DQJHKW (U IKOW VLFK YHUDQWZRUWOLFK IU
VHLQH0LWPHQVFKHQZLHHUVLFKDXFKYHUDQWZRUWOLFKIUVLFK
VHOEVWIKOW'LHVH9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLWEH]LHKWVLFKLP)DOOGHU
0XWWHUXQGLKUHV.LQGHVKDXSWVlFKOLFKDXIGLH)UVRUJHIUGLH
N|USHUOLFKHQ%HGUIQLVVH,QGHU/LHEH]ZLVFKHQ(UZDFKVHQHQ
EH]LHKW VLH VLFK HEHQVRVHKU DXI GLH SV\FKLVFKHQ %HGUIQLVVH
GHVDQGHUHQ
'LH9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLWN|QQWHVHKUOHLFKW]X%HKHUUVFKXQJ
XQG 8QWHUMRFKXQJ ZHUGHQ KlWWH GLH /LHEH QLFKW HLQH GULWWH
.RPSRQHQWH GHQ 5HVSHNW 5HVSHNW LVW ZHGHU $QJVW QRFK
)XUFKW HQWVSUHFKHQG GHU :XU]HO GLHVHV :RUWHV UHVSLFHUH
DQVHKHQ EHGHXWHW 5HVSHNW GLH )lKLJNHLW HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ
VR ]X VHKHQ ZLH HU LVW XQG VHLQH HLQPDOLJH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW
]X HUNHQQHQ 5HVSHNW EHGHXWHW GDV 6WUHEHQ GD GHU DQGHUH
ZDFKVHQ XQG VLFK HQWIDOWHQ NDQQ 'HP 5HVSHNW IHKOW GDKHU
MHGH7HQGHQ]GHU$XVEHXWXQJ,FKP|FKWHGDGHUJHOLHEWH
0HQVFK]XVHLQHPHLJHQHQ1XW]HQXQGLQVHLQHUHLJHQHQ$UW
ZlFKVW XQG VLFK HQWIDOWHW XQG QLFKW ]X GHP =ZHFN PLU ]X
GLHQHQ :HQQ LFK GHQ DQGHUHQ OLHEH IKOH LFK PLFK HLQV PLW
LKPXQG]ZDUVRZLHHULVWQLFKWVRZLHHUVHLQVROOWHGDPLW
LFKLKQDOV2EMHNWYHUZHQGHQN|QQWH(VLVWNODUGD5HVSHNW
QXU P|JOLFK LVW ZHQQ LFK VHOEVW PHLQH 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW
HUUHLFKWKDEHZHQQLFKRKQHIUHPGH+LOIHVWHKHQXQGJHKHQ
NDQQDOVRRKQHHLQHQDQGHUHQEHKHUUVFKHQXQGDXVQXW]HQ]X
ZROOHQ 5HVSHNW JLEW HV QXU DXI GHU *UXQGODJH GHU )UHLKHLW
/DPRXUHVWOHQIDQWGHODOLEHUWHKHLWHVLQHLQHPDOWHQ
IUDQ]|VLVFKHQ /LHG GLH /LHEH LVW GDV .LQG GHU )UHLKHLW
QLHPDOVDEHUGDVGHU%HKHUUVFKXQJ

(LQHQ 0HQVFKHQ ]X UHVSHNWLHUHQ LVW QXU P|JOLFK ZHQQ
PDQ LKQ NHQQW ZHQQ PDQ YRQ LKP ZHL )UVRUJH XQG
9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW ZUGHQ EOLQG VHLQ ZlUHQ VLH QLFKW YRP
:LVVHQJHOHLWHW'DV:LVVHQZlUHOHHUZlUHHVQLFKWYRQGHU
%HVRUJWKHLW DXVJHO|VW (V JLEW YLHOH 6FKLFKWHQ GHV :LVVHQV
GDV :LVVHQ GDV HLQ $VSHNW GHU /LHEH LVW JHK|UW ]X MHQHP
GDVQLFKWDP5DQGHVWHKHQEOHLEWVRQGHUQ]XP.HUQYRUGULQJW
(V LVW QXU P|JOLFK ZHQQ LFK GDV ,QWHUHVVH IU PLFK VHOEVW
]XUFNODVVHXQGGHQDQGHUHQPLWVHLQHQ$XJHQVHKH,FKNDQQ
]XP %HLVSLHO ZLVVHQ GD HLQ 0HQVFK YHUlUJHUW LVW VHOEVW
ZHQQHUHVQLFKWRIIHQ]HLJWLFKNDQQLKQMHGRFKDXFKJHQDXHU
NHQQHQ XQG ZHL GDQQ GD HU YHUlQJVWLJW LVW XQG .XPPHU
KDWGDHUVLFKHLQVDPXQGVFKXOGLJIKOW'DQQZHLLFKGD
VHLQbUJHUQXUGHU$XVGUXFNGHVVHQLVWZDVWLHIHUOLHJWXQG
LFK VHKH LKQ LQ VHLQHU )XUFKW XQG 9HUZLUUXQJ DOV OHLGHQGHQ
0HQVFKHQQLFKWDEHUDOVYHUlUJHUWHQ0HQVFKHQ
'DV :LVVHQ KDW QRFK HLQH DQGHUH XQG JUXQGOHJHQGHUH
%H]LHKXQJ ]X GHP 3UREOHP GHU /LHEH 'DV %HGUIQLV VLFK
PLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ0HQVFKHQ]XYHUHLQHQXPGHP*HIlQJQLV
GHUHLJHQHQ$EJHVFKORVVHQKHLW]XHQWULQQHQKlQJWVHKUHQJ
PLW HLQHP DQGHUHQ DXVJHVSURFKHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ :XQVFK
]XVDPPHQ GDV *HKHLPQLV GHV 0HQVFKHQ ]X HUNHQQHQ
:lKUHQGGDV/HEHQLQVHLQHQOHGLJOLFKELRORJLVFKHQ$VSHNWHQ
HLQ:XQGHUXQGHLQ*HKHLPQLVLVWLVWGHU0HQVFKLQVHLQHQ
PHQVFKOLFKHQ $VSHNWHQ VLFK VHOEVW HLQ XQHUIRUVFKOLFKHV
*HKHLPQLVDEHUDXFKVHLQHQ0LWPHQVFKHQ:LUNHQQHQXQV
VHOEVW DEHU WURW] DOOHU $QVWUHQJXQJHQ OHUQHQ ZLU XQV QLFKW
NHQQHQ ZLU NHQQHQ XQVHUH 0LWPHQVFKHQ XQG GRFK NHQQHQ
ZLUVLHQLFKWZHLOZHGHUZLUQRFKXQVHUH0LWPHQVFKHQHLQH

6DFKHVLQG-HZHLWHUZLULQGLH7LHIHXQVHUHV6HLQVRGHULQGDV
HLQHV DQGHUHQ YRUGULQJHQ GHVWR PHKU HQW]LHKW VLFK XQV GDV
=LHOXQVHUHV:LVVHQV7URW]GHPN|QQHQZLUQLFKWYHUKLQGHUQ
GD GHU :XQVFK EOHLEW LPPHU WLHIHU LQ GDV *HKHLPQLV GHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ6HHOHHLQ]XGULQJHQLQGHQLQQHUVWHQ.HUQGHU
VHLQ6HOEVWLVW
(V JLEW HLQH HLQ]LJH HLQH YHU]ZHLIHOWH 0|JOLFKNHLW GLHVHV
*HKHLPQLVNHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ(VLVWGLHYROOVWlQGLJH0DFKWEHU
HLQHQDQGHUHQMHQH0DFKWPLWGHULFKLKQWXQODVVHQNDQQZDV
LFKZLOOGLHLKQIKOHQOlWZDVLFKZLOOXQGGLHLKQGHQNHQ
OlW ZDV LFK ZLOO GLH LKQ LQ HLQ 'LQJ LQ PHLQ 'LQJ LQ PHLQ
(LJHQWXP YHUZDQGHOW 'LH lXHUVWH 6WXIH GLHVHV 9HUVXFKHV
OLHJWLQGHQ([WUHPHQGHV6DGLVPXVLQGHP9HUODQJHQXQGGHU
)lKLJNHLWHLQPHQVFKOLFKHV:HVHQOHLGHQ]XODVVHQHV]XTXlOHQ
XQGHV]X]ZLQJHQLP(UOHLGHQVHLQ*HKHLPQLV]XYHUUDWHQ,Q
GLHVHP9HUODQJHQGDV*HKHLPQLVGHV0HQVFKHQ]XHQWGHFNHQ
OLHJW HLQ ZHVHQWOLFKHV 0RWLY IU GLH 7LHIH XQG ,QWHQVLWlW YRQ
*UDXVDPNHLW XQG =HUVW|UXQJVOXVW ,Q VHKU NODUHU :HLVH LVW
GLHVH ,GHH YRQ ,VDDF %DEHO DXVJHGUFNW ZRUGHQ (U ]LWLHUW
HLQHQ 2I]LHUVNDPHUDGHQ DXV GHP UXVVLVFKHQ %UJHUNULHJ
GHU JHUDGH VHLQHQ IUKHUHQ +HUUQ ]X7RGH JHWUDPSHOWKDWXQG
VDJW0LWHLQHP6FKXLFKZLOOHVPDOVRDXVGUFNHQPLW
HLQHP6FKXKDWPDQGHQ.HUO QXU DXVJHO|VFKW 0LW HLQHP
6FKXNRPPWPDQQLHDQVHLQH6HHOHKHUDQGDKLQZRDXFK
HUHLQ0HQVFKLVWXQGZRVHLQH6HHOHVWHFNW$EHULFKQHKPH
DXIPLFKNHLQH5FNVLFKWXQGLFKKDEHVFKRQPHKUDOVHLQPDO
HLQHQ)HLQG]X7RGHJHWUDPSHOWZDVOlQJHUDOVHLQH6WXQGH

,%DEHO7KH&ROOHFWHG6WRULHV&ULWHULRQ%RRN1HZ<RUN

GDXHUWH:HLWGXLFKZLOOZLVVHQZDVGDV/HEHQZLUNOLFK
LVWZDVGLHVHV/HEHQLVWGHPZLUGDXHUQGEHJHJQHQ
%HL .LQGHUQ VHKHQ ZLU GLHVHQ :HJ ]XP :LVVHQ VHKU
GHXWOLFK 'DV .LQG QLPPW VLFK LUJHQG HWZDV XQG ]HUEULFKW
HV XP HV NHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ HV IlQJW ]XP %HLVSLHO HLQHQ
6FKPHWWHUOLQJUHLWLKPJUDXVDPGLH)OJHODXVXPLKQJHQDX
NHQQHQ]XOHUQHQXPLKQ]XU+HUJDEHVHLQHV*HKHLPQLVVHV]X
]ZLQJHQ'LH*UDXVDPNHLWKDWHLQWLHIHUHV0RWLYGHQ:XQVFK
GDV*HKHLPQLVGHU'LQJHXQGGHV/HEHQVNHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ
'HU DQGHUH :HJ GDV *HKHLPQLV ]X HUIRUVFKHQ LVW GLH
/LHEH 'LH /LHEH LVW HLQ DNWLYHV 'XUFKGULQJHQ GHV DQGHUHQ
EHLGHPPHLQ9HUODQJHQGDV*HKHLPQLV]XHUIRUVFKHQGXUFK
9HUHLQLJXQJ JHVWLOOW ZLUG ,P$NW GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ OHUQH LFK
GHQDQGHUHQOHUQHLFKPLFKVHOEVWOHUQHLFKDOOHNHQQHQXQG
ZHLGRFKQLFKWV,FKZHLXPGDVZDVOHEWDXIGLHHLQ]LJH
GHP0HQVFKHQP|JOLFKH:HLVHLP(UOHEQLVGHU9HUHLQLJXQJ
XQG QLFKW GXUFK LUJHQGHLQ :LVVHQ GDV *HGDQNHQ YHUPLWWHOQ
N|QQWHQ 'HU 6DGLVPXV HQWVWHKW DXV GHP 9HUODQJHQ
GDV *HKHLPQLV ]X NHQQHQ XQG GRFK EOHLEH LFK JHQDXVR
XQZLVVHQGZLHLFKHVYRUKHUZDU,FKKDEHGDVDQGHUH:HVHQ
DXVHLQDQGHUJHULVVHQ *OLHG IU *OLHG XQG HUUHLFKW KDEH LFK
QXUGDHV]HUVW|UWLVW'LH/LHEHLVWGLHHLQ]LJH0|JOLFKNHLW
GHV :LVVHQV GDV PHLQH )UDJH LP $NW GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ
EHDQWZRUWHW ,P /LHEHQ LP +LQJHEHQ LP 'XUFKGULQJHQ GHV
DQGHUHQ QGH LFK PLFK VHOEVW HQWGHFNH LFK PLFK VHOEVW
HQWGHFNHLFKXQVEHLGHHQWGHFNHLFKGHQ0HQVFKHQ
'DV 9HUODQJHQ XQV VHOEVW XQG XQVHUH 0LWPHQVFKHQ ]X
NHQQHQ KDW VHLQHQ $XVGUXFN LQ GHP 'HOSKLVFKHQ 0RWWR

(UNHQQH GLFK VHOEVW JHIXQGHQ (V LVW GHU 8UVSUXQJ GHU
JHVDPWHQ3V\FKRORJLH'DGDV9HUODQJHQMHGRFKGDUDXIDE]LHOW
GHQ JDQ]HQ 0HQVFKHQ ]X NHQQHQ VHLQ LQQHUVWHV *HKHLPQLV
NDQQ GLHVHV 9HUODQJHQ GXUFK GDV EOLFKH :LVVHQ QLFKW
JHVWLOOWZHUGHQGXUFKGDV:LVVHQGDVQXUDXVGHQ*HGDQNHQ
VWDPPW 6HOEVW ZHQQ ZLU WDXVHQGPDO PHKU YRQ XQV ZWHQ
ZUGHQZLUQLHPDOVELV]XP*UXQGYRUGULQJHQ,PPHUQRFK
ZUGHQ ZLU XQV VHOEVW HLQ 5lWVHO VHLQ JHQDXVR ZLH XQVHUH
0LWPHQVFKHQ XQV HLQ 5lWVHO EOHLEHQ ZUGHQ 'HU HLQ]LJH
:HJ]XPYROOVWlQGLJHQ:LVVHQOLHJWLQGHP$NWGHU/LHEHHU
EHUVWHLJWDOOH*HGDQNHQDOOH:RUWH(ULVWGHUNKQH6SUXQJ
LQ GDV (UOHEQLV GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ 'DV :LVVHQ LQ *HGDQNHQ
GDVKHLWGDVSV\FKRORJLVFKH:LVVHQLVWHLQH%HGLQJXQJIU
GDVYROOVWlQGLJH:LVVHQLQGHP$NWGHU/LHEH,FKPXGHQ
DQGHUHQXQGPLFKVHOEVWREMHNWLYNHQQHQXPLQGHU/DJH]X
VHLQVHLQH5HDOLWlW]XVHKHQRGHUGLH,OOXVLRQHQGDVLUUDWLRQDO
YHU]HUUWH %LOG GDV LFK YRQ LKP KDEH ]X EHUZLQGHQ 1XU
ZHQQLFKHLQPHQVFKOLFKHV:HVHQREMHNWLYNHQQHNDQQLFKLKQ
LQVHLQHPOHW]WHQ:HVHQLP$NWGHU/LHEHHUNHQQHQ
'DV3UREOHPGHQ0HQVFKHQ]XHUNHQQHQOlXIWSDUDOOHO]X
GHPUHOLJL|VHQ3UREOHP*RWW]XHUNHQQHQ,QGHUNRQYHQWLRQHOOHQ
ZHVWOLFKHQ 7KHRORJLH ZLUG GHU 9HUVXFK JHPDFKW *RWW
JHGDQNOLFK]XHUNHQQHQXQG)HVWVWHOOXQJHQEHU*RWW]XWUHIIHQ

'LHVH )HVWVWHOOXQJ KDW HLQH ZLFKWLJH )ROJHUXQJ IU GLH 5ROOH GHU3V\FKRORJLH
LQQHUKDOE GHU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ ZHVWOLFKHQ .XOWXU :lKUHQG GLH 3RSXODULWlW GHU
3V\FKRORJLH GHXWOLFK DXI HLQ ,QWHUHVVH DP :LVVHQ XP GHQ 0HQVFKHQ KLQGHXWHW
YHUGHFNW VLH GRFK GHQ KHXWH KHUUVFKHQGHQ 0DQJHO DQ /LHEH LQQHUKDOE GHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ %H]LHKXQJHQ 'DV SV\FKRORJLVFKH :LVVHQ ZLUG GDPLW ]X HLQHP
(UVDW] IU GDV YROOVWlQGLJH :LVVHQ LP$NW GHU /LHEH VWDWW HLQ 6FKULWW LQ GLHVH
5LFKWXQJ]XVHLQ

,P0\VWL]LVPXVGHUZLHLFKVSlWHU]XHUNOlUHQYHUVXFKHGLH
UDGLNDOH.RQVHTXHQ]GHV0RQRWKHLVPXVLVWZXUGHGHU9HUVXFK
*RWW JHGDQNOLFK ]X HUNHQQHQ DXIJHJHEHQ XQG GXUFK GDV
(UOHEQLVGHU9HUHLQLJXQJPLW*RWWHUVHW]WLQGHUNHLQ3ODW]LVW
XQGDXFKQLFKWPHKUGLH1RWZHQGLJNHLWEHVWHKWHWZDVEHU*RWW
]XZLVVHQ
'DV (UOHEQLV GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ PLW GHP 0HQVFKHQ RGHU
UHOLJL|V DXVJHGUFNW PLW *RWW LVW NHLQHVZHJV LUUDWLRQDO ,P
*HJHQWHLO(VLVWZLH$OEHUW6FKZHLW]HUEHWRQWHGLHNKQVWH
XQG UDGLNDOVWH .RQVHTXHQ] GHV 5DWLRQDOLVPXV (VEDVLHUWDXI
XQVHUHP :LVVHQ YRQ GHQ JUXQGOHJHQGHQ XQG QLFKW ]XIlOOLJHQ
*UHQ]HQ XQVHUHV LQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ :LVVHQV (V LVW GDV :LVVHQ
GDZLUGDV*HKHLPQLVGHV0HQVFKHQXQGGDVGHV8QLYHUVXPV
QLHPDOV LQWHOOHNWXHOO EHJUHLIHQ ZHUGHQ GD ZLU HV MHGRFK
WURW]GHPLP$NWGHU/LHEHHUIDVVHQN|QQHQ'LH3V\FKRORJLHDOV
:LVVHQVFKDIWKDWLKUH*UHQ]HQXQGZLHGLHORJLVFKH.RQVHTXHQ]
GHU7KHRORJLHGHU0\VWL]LVPXVLVWVRLVWGLHOHW]WH.RQVHTXHQ]
GHU3V\FKRORJLHGLH/LHEH
)UVRUJH 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW 5HVSHNW XQG :LVVHQ VLQG
YRQHLQDQGHU DEKlQJLJ 6LH VLQG HLQ =XVDPPHQNODQJ YRQ
+DOWXQJHQ GLH PDQ LP UHLIHQ 0HQVFKHQ QGHW GDV KHLW
LQ GHP 0HQVFKHQ GHU VHLQH HLJHQHQ .UlIWH VFK|SIHULVFK
HQWZLFNHOWGHUQXUGDVKDEHQZLOOZDVHUVLFKHUDUEHLWHWKDW
GHU GLH QDU]LWLVFKHQ 7UlXPH YRQ $OOPDFKW XQG $OOZLVVHQ
DXIJHJHEHQXQGHLQH'HPXWHUZRUEHQKDWGLHDXIGHULQQHUHQ
6WlUNHEHUXKWZLHVLHDOOHLQGLHZLUNOLFKHXQGVFK|SIHULVFKH
7lWLJNHLWJHEHQNDQQ

%LVKHU KDEH LFK YRQ GHU /LHEH DOV GHU hEHUZLQGXQJ GHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ*HWUHQQWKHLWDOVGHU(UIOOXQJGHV9HUODQJHQV
QDFK 9HUHLQLJXQJ JHVSURFKHQ -HQVHLWV GHV XQLYHUVDOHQ XQG
OHEHQVZLFKWLJHQ 9HUODQJHQV QDFK 9HUHLQLJXQJ HUKHEW VLFK
MHGRFKQRFKHLQDQGHUHVPHKUELRORJLVFKHVGDV6WUHEHQQDFK
9HUHLQLJXQJ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ PDVNXOLQHQ XQG GHQ IHPLQLQHQ
3ROHQ'LH,GHHGLHVHU3RODULWlWLVWDPNODUVWHQLQGHP0\WKXV
DXVJHGUFNWGD0DQQXQG)UDXXUVSUQJOLFKHLQVZDUHQGD
GLHVHV(LQVMHGRFKLQ]ZHL+lOIWHQJHWHLOWZXUGHXQGGDGLH
PlQQOLFKH +lOIWH VHLWGHP QDFK GHU YHUORUHQHQ ZHLEOLFKHQ
+lOIWHVXFKWXPVLFKZLHGHUPLWLKU]XYHUHLQLJHQ'LHJOHLFKH
9RUVWHOOXQJYRQGHUXUVSUQJOLFKHQ(LQKHLWGHU*HVFKOHFKWHU
LVW DXFK LQ GHU ELEOLVFKHQ *HVFKLFKWH HQWKDOWHQ QDFK GHU
(YDDXVHLQHU5LSSH$GDPVHUVFKDIIHQZXUGHDOOHUGLQJVJLOW
KLHUGLH)UDXHQWVSUHFKHQGGHP*HLVWHLQHUSDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ
2UGQXQJ DOV GHP 0DQQH XQWHUJHRUGQHW 'LH %HGHXWXQJ
GLHVHV0\WKXVLVWRIIHQVLFKWOLFK'LHJHVFKOHFKWOLFKH3RODULWlW
IKUW GHQ 0HQVFKHQ GD]X GLH 9HUHLQLJXQJ DXI EHVRQGHUH
$UWDOV9HUHLQLJXQJPLWGHPDQGHUHQ*HVFKOHFKW]XVXFKHQ
'LH 3RODULWlW ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ PlQQOLFKHQ XQG GHQ ZHLEOLFKHQ
(OHPHQWHQ H[LVWLHUW DXFK LQQHUKDOE MHGHV 0DQQHV XQG
LQQHUKDOE MHGHU )UDX (QWVSUHFKHQG GHU SK\VLRORJLVFKHQ
7DWVDFKH GD 0DQQ XQG )UDX MHZHLOV DXFK +RUPRQH GHV
DQGHUHQ*HVFKOHFKWVKDEHQVLQGVLHDXFKLPSV\FKRORJLVFKHQ
6LQQELVH[XDO6LHWUDJHQLQVLFKGDV3ULQ]LSGHV(PSIDQJHQV
XQG 'XUFKGULQJHQV YRQ 6WRII XQG *HLVW 0DQQ XQG )UDX
QGHQ GLH (LQKHLW LQ VLFK VHOEVW QXU LQ GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ LKUHU
PDQQZHLEOLFKHQ 3RODULWlW 'LHVH 3RODULWlW LVW GLH %DVLV MHGHV
VFK|SIHULVFKHQ$NWHV

'LH PDQQZHLEOLFKH 3RODULWlW LVW DXFK GLH %DVLV GHU
]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ 3URGXNWLYLWlW 'DV LVW ELRORJLVFK
RIIHQVLFKWOLFK LQ GHU 7DWVDFKH GD GLH 9HUHLQLJXQJ YRQ 6DPHQ
XQG(L]HOOHGLH*UXQGODJHIUGLH*HEXUWHLQHV.LQGHVLVW$XIUHLQ
SV\FKLVFKHP *HELHW LVW HV QLFKW DQGHUV LQ GHU /LHEH ]ZLVFKHQ
0DQQ XQG )UDX ZLUG MHGHU GHU EHLGHQ ZLHGHUJHERUHQ 'LH
KRPRVH[XHOOH$EZHLFKXQJ LVW HLQ 9HUVDJHQ LQ GHU (UUHLFKXQJ
GLHVHUSRODULVLHUWHQ9HUHLQLJXQJXQGDXVGLHVHP*UXQGHOHLGHW
GHU+RPRVH[XHOOHXQWHUGHU4XDOQLHPDOVJHO|VWHU*HWUHQQWKHLW
HVLVWMHGRFKHLQ9HUVDJHQGDVHUPLWGHPGXUFKVFKQLWWOLFKHQ
+HWHURVH[XHOOHQGHUQLFKWOLHEHQNDQQJHPHLQVDPKDW
'LH JOHLFKH 3RODULWlW ]ZLVFKHQ GHP PlQQOLFKHQ XQG GHP
ZHLEOLFKHQ 3ULQ]LS EHVWHKW LQ GHU 1DWXU QLFKW QXU LQ GHU
JHVFKOHFKWOLFKHQ 3RODULWlW EHL 7LHUHQ XQG 3DQ]HQ VRQGHUQ
LQGHU3RODULWlWGHUEHLGHQJUXQGOHJHQGHQ)XQNWLRQHQGHUGHV
(PSIDQJHQVXQGGHUGHV'XUFKGULQJHQV(VLVWGLH3RODULWlWYRQ
(UGHXQG5HJHQYRQ)OXXQG0HHUYRQ1DFKWXQG7DJYRQ
'XQNHOKHLW XQG /LFKW YRQ 6WRII XQG *HLVW 'LHVH 9RUVWHOOXQJ
LVWEHVRQGHUVVFK|QYRQGHPJURHQPRVOHPLVFKHQ'LFKWHUXQG
0\VWLNHU5PLDXVJHGUFNWZRUGHQ
1LHPDOVVXFKWLQ:DKUKHLWGHU/LHEHQGHRKQHYRQGHP
*HOLHEWHQJHVXFKW]XZHUGHQ
:HQQ GDV /LFKW GHU /LHEH LQ GLHVHV +HU] JHVHQNW
ZXUGH PX PDQ ZLVVHQ GD HV DXFK LQ MHQHV +HU]
JHVHQNWZXUGH
:HQQGLH/LHEH]X*RWWLQGHLQHP+HU]HQZlFKVWKDW*RWW
]ZHLIHOORVDXFK/LHEH]XGLU

.HLQ+lQGHNODWVFKHQVWDPPWDOOHLQYRQHLQHU+DQGRKQH
GLH DQGHUH +DQG *|WWOLFKH :HLVKHLW LVW %HVWLPPXQJ
XQG VHLQ 5DWVFKOX OlW XQV HLQDQGHU OLHEHQ 'LH
9RUEHVWLPPXQJKDWGDIUJHVRUJWGDMHGHU7HLOGHU:HOW
PLWVHLQHPDQGHUHQ7HLOJHSDDUWLVW
,QGHQ$XJHQGHV:HLVHQLVWGHU+LPPHOGHU0DQQXQG
GLH(UGHGLH)UDXGLH(UGHQLPPWVLFKGHVVHQDQZDV
GHU+LPPHOIDOOHQOLH
)HKOW HV GHU (UGH DQ :lUPH VFKLFNW GHU +LPPHO VLH
LKU KDW GLH (UGH LKUH )ULVFKH XQG LKUH )HXFKWLJNHLW
YHUORUHQEULQJWGHU+LPPHOVLHLKUZLHGHU
'HU+LPPHOJHKWVHLQHU:HJHZLHHLQ(KHPDQQGHUXP
VHLQHU)UDXZLOOHQQDFK1DKUXQJVXFKW
8QGGLH(UGHKDWPLWGHP+DXVKDOW]XWXQVLHKLOIWEHL
GHU*HEXUWXQGQlKUWGDVZDVVLHJHERUHQKDW
%HWUDFKWH(UGHXQG+LPPHODOV:HVHQGLHPLW.OXJKHLW
DXVJHVWDWWHW VLQG GD VLH JHQDXVR KDQGHOQ ZLH NOXJH
:HVHQ
:DUXPGUlQJHQVLHVLFKVRHQJDQHLQDQGHUZLH/LHEHQGH
ZHQQEHLGHQLFKW)UHXGHYRQHLQDQGHUHPSIDQJHQ"
:LHVROOWHQ%OXPHQXQG%lXPHEOKHQZHQQGLH(UGH
QLFKWZlUH":DVZUGHQ:DVVHUXQG:lUPHGHV+LPPHOV
DOOHLQZRKOKHUYRUEULQJHQ"
:LH *RWW LQ 0DQQ XQG )UDX GDV 9HUODQJHQ SDQ]WH
GDPLWGLH:HOWGXUFKLKUH9HUHLQLJXQJEHZDKUWZUGH
VRKDWHUMHGHP7HLOGHV/HEHQVGDV9HUODQJHQQDFKGHP
DQGHUHQ7HLOHLQJHSDQ]W
7DJXQG1DFKWVLQGlXHUOLFK)HLQGHXQGGRFKGLHQHQ
EHLGHQXUHLQHP=ZHFN

GHQQ MHGHU OLHEW GHQ DQGHUHQ XP GDV JHJHQVHLWLJH
:HUNYROOHQGHQ]XKHOIHQ
2KQH GLH 1DFKW ZUGH GDV :HVHQ GHU 0HQVFKHQ QLFKWV
HPSIDQJHQVRGDGHU7DJQLFKWV]XJHEHQKlWWH
'DV3UREOHPGHUPDQQZHLEOLFKHQ3RODULWlWIKUW]XGHU
ZHLWHUHQ 'LVNXVVLRQ YRQ /LHEH XQG 6H[XDOLWlW ,FK KDEH
YRUKLQ VFKRQ YRQ )UHXGV ,UUWXP JHVSURFKHQ GD HU LQ GHU
/LHEH DXVVFKOLHOLFK GLH bXHUXQJ RGHU HLQH 6XEOLPLHUXQJ
GHV 6H[XDOLQVWLQNWV VDK XQG QLFKW HUNDQQWH GD GDV
VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ HLQH bXHUXQJ GHV 9HUODQJHQV QDFK
/LHEH XQG 9HUHLQLJXQJ LVW $EHU )UHXGV ,UUWXP UHLFKW QRFK
WLHIHU ,Q hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ PLW VHLQHP SK\VLRORJLVFKHQ
0DWHULDOLVPXV VLHKW HU LP 6H[XDOLQVWLQNW GDV (UJHEQLV
HLQHU LP .|USHU FKHPLVFK KHUYRUJHUXIHQHQ 6SDQQXQJ GLH
8QEHKDJHQ YHUXUVDFKW XQG JHO|VW ZHUGHQ ZLOO 'DV =LHO
GHV VH[XHOOHQ 9HUODQJHQV OLHJW LQ GHU %HVHLWLJXQJ GLHVHU
TXlOHQGHQ 6SDQQXQJ 'DV VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ lKQHOW QDFK
GLHVHU9RUVWHOOXQJHLQHP-XFNUHL]GLHVH[XHOOH%HIULHGLJXQJ
LVW GHPHQWVSUHFKHQG GLH %HVHLWLJXQJGHV-XFNUHL]HV*HPl
GLHVHP %HJULII GHU 6H[XDOLWlW ZUGH DOVR GLH 2QDQLH GLH
JHVFKOHFKWOLFKH 6HOEVWEHIULHGLJXQJ GLH LGHDOH VH[XHOOH
%HIULHGLJXQJ VHLQ :DV )UHXG MHGRFK SDUDGR[HUZHLVH
EHUVLHKW LVW GHU SV\FKRELRORJLVFKH$VSHNW GHU 6H[XDOLWlW
GLH PDVNXOLQIHPLQLQH 3RODULWlW XQG GDV 9HUODQJHQ GLHVH
3RODULWlW GXUFK GLH 9HUHLQLJXQJ ]X EHUEUFNHQ 'LHVHU
PHUNZUGLJH,UUWXPZXUGHYHUPXWOLFKGXUFK)UHXGVH[WUHPHQ
3DWULDUFKDOLVPXVEHJQVWLJWGHULKQ]XGHU$QQDKPHYHUOHLWHWH

5$1LFKROVRQ5PL/RQGRQ6

GDGLH6H[XDOLWlWDQVLFKPDVNXOLQVHLVRGDHUGLHVSH]LVFK
ZHLEOLFKH6H[XDOLWlWQLFKWHUNDQQWH'LHVH9RUVWHOOXQJGUFNWH
HU LQ VHLQHQ 'UHL $EKDQGOXQJHQ ]XU 6H[XDOWKHRULH DXV
LQGHP HU VDJWH GD GHU *HVFKOHFKWVWULHE UHJHOPlLJ HLQHQ
PlQQOLFKHQ &KDUDNWHU KDEH XQJHDFKWHW GHU 7DWVDFKH RE
HV GHU *HVFKOHFKWVWULHE HLQHV 0DQQHV RGHU GHU HLQHU )UDX
VHL 'LH JOHLFKH 9RUVWHOOXQJ NRPPW LQ YHUHLQIDFKWHU )RUP
LQ )UHXGV hEHUOHJXQJ ]XP$XVGUXFN GD HLQ NOHLQHU -XQJH
GLH)UDXDOVHLQHQNDVWULHUWHQ0DQQHUOHEWXQGGDGLH)UDX
OHGLJOLFK DXI YHUVFKLHGHQH:HLVH GHQ (UVDW] IU GHQ 9HUOXVW
GHUPlQQOLFKHQ*HVFKOHFKWVWHLOHVXFKW$EHUGLH)UDXLVWQLFKW
HLQ NDVWULHUWHU 0DQQ LKUH 6H[XDOLWlW LVW VSH]LVFK ZHLEOLFK
XQG QLFKW PlQQOLFKHQ &KDUDNWHUV 'LH VH[XHOOH $Q]LHKXQJ
]ZLVFKHQGHQ*HVFKOHFKWHUQLVWQXUWHLOZHLVHGXUFKGHQ'UDQJ
QDFK$XIKHEXQJHLQHUSK\VLRORJLVFKHQ6SDQQXQJPRWLYLHUW
LQ GHU +DXSWVDFKH LVW VLH GDV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK 9HUHLQLJXQJ
PLW GHP DQGHUHQ VH[XHOOHQ 3RO 7DWVlFKOLFK GUFNW VLFK GLH
HURWLVFKH $Q]LHKXQJ QLFKW QXU LQ GHU VH[XHOOHQ $Q]LHKXQJ
DXV ,P &KDUDNWHU HEHQVR ZLH LQ GHU VH[XHOOHQ )XQNWLRQ
H[LVWLHUHQ 0lQQOLFKNHLW XQG :HLEOLFKNHLW 'HQ PDVNXOLQHQ
&KDUDNWHUN|QQWHPDQVRGHQLHUHQGDHUGLH(LJHQVFKDIWHQ
GHU 'XUFKGULQJXQJ )KUXQJ $NWLYLWlW 'LV]LSOLQ XQG
$EHQWHXHUOXVW EHVLW]W GHU IHPLQLQH &KDUDNWHU GDJHJHQ
KDW GLH (LJHQVFKDIWHQ VFK|SIHULVFKHU (PSIlQJOLFKNHLW
GHV %HVFKW]HQV GHV 5HDOLVPXV GHV (UGXOGHQV XQG GHU
0WWHUOLFKNHLW 0DQ GDUI GDEHL QLFKW YHUJHVVHQ GD GLH
.HQQ]HLFKHQGLHVHUEHLGHQ&KDUDNWHUHLQMHGHP,QGLYLGXXP
JOHLFK]HLWLJYRUNRPPHQOHGLJOLFKPLWGHPhEHUJHZLFKWMHQHU
(LJHQVFKDIWHQ GLH ]X VHLQHP RGHU LKUHP *HVFKOHFKW

JHK|UHQ :HQQ GLH PDVNXOLQHQ &KDUDNWHU]JH HLQHV 0DQQHV
LQVRIHUQ JHVFKZlFKW VLQG DOV HU LQ HPRWLHOOHU +LQVLFKW HLQ
.LQG JHEOLHEHQ LVW ZLUG HU VHKU RIW YHUVXFKHQ GLHVHQ 0DQJHO
GXUFK GLH DXVVFKOLHOLFKH %HWRQXQJ VHLQHU PlQQOLFKHQ 5ROOH
LP *HVFKOHFKWOLFKHQ DXV]XJOHLFKHQ 'DV (UJHEQLV LVW GHU 'RQ
-XDQ GHU HV Q|WLJ KDW LP *HVFKOHFKWOLFKHQ VHLQH 0DQQHVNUDIW
]XEHZHLVHQZHLOHULQVHLQHU0lQQOLFKNHLWLQFKDUDNWHUOLFKHP
6LQQH QLFKW VLFKHU LVW *HKW GLHVH /lKPXQJ GHU 0lQQOLFKNHLW
LQV([WUHPHVRZLUGGHU6DGLVPXVGLH$QZHQGXQJYRQ*HZDOW
LQ SHUYHUWLHUWHU )RUP ]XP (UVDW] GHU 0lQQOLFKNHLW ,VW GLH
ZHLEOLFKH 6H[XDOLWlW JHVFKZlFKW RGHU SHUYHUWLHUW ZLUG VLH ]XP
0DVRFKLVPXVGHIRUPLHUW
0DQKDW)UHXGZHJHQVHLQHUhEHUEHZHUWXQJGHU6H[XDOLWlW
NULWLVLHUW'LHVH.ULWLNZXUGHKlXJYRQGHP:XQVFKDXVJHO|VW
HLQ(OHPHQWGHV)UHXGVFKHQ6\VWHPVGDVLQNRQYHQWLRQHOOHUHQ
.UHLVHQ .ULWLN XQG *HJQHUVFKDIW KHUYRUJHUXIHQ KDW
DXV]XPHU]HQ)UHXGVSUWHGHQ*UXQGJHQDXXQGJHUDGHGHVKDOE
ZHKUWHHUVLFKJHJHQMHGHQ9HUVXFKVHLQH7KHRULHGHU6H[XDOLWlW
DE]XlQGHUQ7DWVlFKOLFKKDWWH)UHXGV7KHRULH]XMHQHU=HLWHLQHQ
KHUDXVIRUGHUQGHQ XQG UHYROXWLRQlUHQ &KDUDNWHU :DV MHGRFK
LP-DKUHUHYROXWLRQlUZDUEUDXFKWHVIQI]LJ-DKUHVSlWHU
NHLQHVZHJVPHKU]XVHLQ'LHVH[XHOOHQ6LWWHQKDEHQVLFKLQ
HLQHP 0DH YHUlQGHUW GD )UHXGV 7KHRULHQ GLH 0LWWHONODVVHQ
GHV :HVWHQV QLFKW PHKU VFKRFNLHUHQ XQG HV LVW HLQ NWLYHU
5DGLNDOLVPXV ZHQQ RUWKRGR[H $QDO\WLNHU VLFK DXFK KHXWH
QRFKIUPXWLJXQGUDGLNDOKDOWHQZHLOVLH)UHXGV6H[XDOWKHRULH
YHUWHLGLJHQ,Q:LUNOLFKNHLWLVWLKU5DGLNDOLVPXVOHGLJOLFKHLQ
=HLFKHQ GHU$QSDVVXQJ XQG VR YHUVXFKHQ VLH DXFK JDU QLFKW
MHQH HQWVFKHLGHQGHQ SV\FKRORJLVFKHQ )UDJHQ ]X VWHOOHQ GLH

]X HLQHU .ULWLN DQ GHU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW ZHUGHQ
N|QQWHQ
0HLQH.ULWLNGHU)UHXGVFKHQ7KHRULHLVWQLFKWGLHGDHU
GLH 6H[XDOLWlW EHUEHZHUWHWH VRQGHUQ VHLQ 9HUVDJHQ GLH
6H[XDOLWlW WLHI JHQXJ ]X YHUVWHKHQ LQ hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ
PLW VHLQHQ SKLORVRSKLVFKHQ 9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQ HUNOlUWH HU VLH
SK\VLRORJLVFK (V LVW DEHU QRWZHQGLJ )UHXGV (QWGHFNXQJHQ
GXUFK GLH hEHUVHW]XQJ YRQ GHU SK\VLRORJLVFKHQ LQ GLH
H[LVWHQWLHOOH'LPHQVLRQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ
/LHEH]ZLVFKHQ(OWHUQXQG.LQG
,P$XJHQEOLFNVHLQHU*HEXUWZUGHHLQ.LQG7RGHVDQJVW
KDEHQEHZDKUWHHVQLFKWHLQJQlGLJHV*HVFKLFNGDYRUVLFK
MHQHU $QJVW EHUKDXSW EHZXW ]X ZHUGHQ GLH PLW GHU
7UHQQXQJ YRQ GHU 0XWWHU XQG YRQ GHU ([LVWHQ] LQQHUKDOE
GHV 0XWWHUOHLEHV YHUEXQGHQ LVW 6HOEVW IU HLQLJH =HLW QDFK
GHU*HEXUWXQWHUVFKHLGHWVLFKGDV.LQGNDXPYRQGHPZDV
HVYRUGHU*HEXUWZDUHVNDQQNHLQH*HJHQVWlQGHHUNHQQHQ
LVWVLFKVHLQHUVHOEVWXQGGHU:HOWDOVHWZDVDXHUKDOEVHLQHU
VHOEVW H[LVWLHUHQGHQ QRFK QLFKW EHZXW (V IKOW QXU GDV
9HUODQJHQ QDFK :lUPH XQG 1DKUXQJ XQWHUVFKHLGHW MHGRFK

'HQ HUVWHQ 6FKULWW LQ GLHVH 5LFKWXQJ PDFKWH )UHXG PLW HLQHP VSlWHUHQ %HJULII
GHU /HEHQV XQG7RGHVLQVWLQNWH EHUHLWV VHOEVW 6HLQ .RQ]HSW GHV /HEHQVLQVWLQNWHV
(URV DOV 3ULQ]LS GHU 6\QWKHVH XQG 9HUHLQKHLWOLFKXQJ VWHKW DXI HLQHP JDQ]
DQGHUHQ%RGHQDOVVHLQ.RQ]HSWGHV*HVFKOHFKWVWULHEHV$EHUWURW]GHU7DWVDFKH
GD GLH 7KHRULH GHU /HEHQV XQG 7RGHVLQVWLQNWH YRQ GHQ RUWKRGR[HQ$QDO\WLNHUQ
DQHUNDQQWZXUGHIKUWHGLHVH$QHUNHQQXQJQLFKW]XHLQHUJUXQGOHJHQGHQ5HYLVLRQ
GHV/LELGR.RQ]HSWHVEHVRQGHUVLP+LQEOLFNDXIGLHNOLQLVFKH$UEHLW

QRFK QLFKW ]ZLVFKHQ :lUPH XQG 1DKUXQJ XQG LKUHU 4XHOOH
GHU0XWWHU'LH0XWWHULVWIUGDV.LQG:lUPHLVW1DKUXQJ
LVWGDVHXSKRULVFKH6WDGLXPYRQ%HIULHGLJXQJXQG6LFKHUKHLW
'LHVHV 6WDGLXP LVW XP )UHXGV %HJULII ]X JHEUDXFKHQ HLQ
6WDGLXP GHV 1DU]LPXV 'LH XPJHEHQGH :LUNOLFKNHLW
3HUVRQHQ ZLH 'LQJH KDW %HGHXWXQJ QXU LP =XVDPPHQKDQJ
PLW GHU %HIULHGLJXQJ RGHU (QWWlXVFKXQJ GLH VLH IU GHQ
LQQHUHQ=XVWDQGGHV.|USHUVEHGHXWHQ:LUNOLFKLVWQXUGDV
,QQHUH GDV bXHUH LVW QXU ZLUNOLFK VRZHLW HV VLFK DXI GHV
.LQGHV HLJHQH 1RWZHQGLJNHLWHQ EH]LHKW QLHPDOV MHGRFK DXI
GLHYRQGLHVHQ1RWZHQGLJNHLWHQXQDEKlQJLJHQ4XDOLWlWHQGHU
:LUNOLFKNHLW
:HQQ GDV .LQG ZlFKVW XQG VLFK HQWZLFNHOW ZLUG HV
DXFK IlKLJ GLH 'LQJH VR ZDKU]XQHKPHQ ZLH VLH VLQG GLH
%HIULHGLJXQJ JHIWWHUW ]X ZHUGHQ ZLUG YRQ GHU %UXVW GHU
0XWWHUJHWUHQQW6FKOLHOLFKHUOHEWGDV.LQGVHLQHQ'XUVWGLH
VlWWLJHQGH0LOFKGLH%UXVWXQGGLH0XWWHUDOVJHWUHQQWHXQG
YHUVFKLHGHQH 'LQJH (V OHUQW HUNHQQHQ GD DQGHUH 'LQJH
HEHQIDOOV LKUH HLJHQH XQG YRQ LKP XQDEKlQJLJH ([LVWHQ]
KDEHQ,QGLHVHU=HLWOHUQWGDV.LQGVLHEHL1DPHQ]XQHQQHQ
=XUJOHLFKHQ=HLWOHUQWHVDEHUDXFKPLWLKQHQXP]XJHKHQ
HVOHUQWGDGDV)HXHUKHLLVWXQGZHKWXWGD+RO]KDUW
XQGVFKZHULVWGD3DSLHUOHLFKWXQG]HUUHLEDULVW(VOHUQW
DXFK PLW 0HQVFKHQ XP]XJHKHQ GD GLH 0XWWHU OlFKHOW
ZHQQHVLWGDVLHHVDXIGHQ$UPQLPPWZHQQHVZHLQW
XQGGDVLHHVOREWZHQQHV9HUGDXXQJJHKDEWKDW6lPWOLFKH
(UOHEQLVVH NULVWDOOLVLHUHQ XQG HUJlQ]HQ VLFK ]X GHP HLQHQ
(UOHEQLV ,FK ZHUGH JHOLHEW ,FK ZHUGH JHOLHEW ZHLO LFK
0XWWHUV.LQGELQ,FKZHUGHJHOLHEWZHLOLFKKLOIORVELQ,FK

ZHUGHJHOLHEWZHLOLFKKEVFKXQGEHZXQGHUQVZHUWELQ8PHV
DOOJHPHLQHUDXV]XGUFNHQ,FKZHUGHIUGDVJHOLHEWZDVLFK
ELQRGHUYLHOOHLFKWQRFKSUl]LVHU,FKZHUGHJHOLHEWZHLOLFK
ELQ'LHVHV(UOHEQLVYRQGHU0XWWHUJHOLHEW]XZHUGHQLVWHLQ
SDVVLYHV(UOHEQLV,FKEUDXFKHJDUQLFKWV]XWXQXPJHOLHEW
]X ZHUGHQ GHQQ 0XWWHUOLHEH LVW EHGLQJXQJVORV ,FK EUDXFKH
QXU ]X VHLQ LKU .LQG ]X VHLQ 0XWWHUOLHEH LVW 6HOLJNHLW LVW
)ULHGH VLH EUDXFKW QLFKW HUZRUEHQ EUDXFKW QLFKW YHUGLHQW
]X ZHUGHQ 'LH %HGLQJXQJVORVLJNHLW GHU 0XWWHUOLHEH KDW
MHGRFKDXFKHLQHQHJDWLYH6HLWH6LHEUDXFKWQLFKWQXUQLFKW
YHUGLHQW]XZHUGHQVLHNDQQDXFKQLFKWHUZRUEHQZHUGHQ
:HQQVLHYRUKDQGHQLVWLVWHV HLQ 6HJHQ IHKOW VLH MHGRFK
LVWGDV/HEHQNDKOXQGOHHUXQGLFKNDQQQLFKWVWXQXPVLH
KHUYRU]XUXIHQ
)U GLH PHLVWHQ .LQGHU LP $OWHU YRQ DFKW ELV ]X
]HKQ-DKUHQEHVWHKWGDV3UREOHPIDVWDXVVFKOLHOLFKGDULQ
JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ IU GDV ZDV PDQ LVW
'DV .LQG GDV MQJHU DOV DFKW -DKUH LVW OLHEW QRFK QLFKW HV
UHDJLHUW GDQNEDU XQG IUHXGLJ GDUDXI JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ$Q
GLHVHP3XQNWGHUNLQGOLFKHQ(QWZLFNOXQJNRPPW HLQ QHXHU
)DNWRU KLQ]X GDV QHXH *HIKO /LHEH GXUFK GLH HLJHQH
$NWLYLWlW KHUYRU]XUXIHQ =XP HUVWHQPDO GHQNW GDV .LQG
GDUDQGHU0XWWHURGHUGHP9DWHULUJHQGHWZDV]XJHEHQ
LUJHQG HWZDV HLQ *HGLFKW HLQ %LOG RGHU ZDV HV VRQVW VHLQ
PDJ]XVFKDIIHQ=XPHUVWHQPDOLP/HEHQGHV.LQGHVLVW
GLH9RUVWHOOXQJGHU/LHEHYRP*HOLHEWZHUGHQLQ/LHEHQ
YHUZDQGHOWZRUGHQLQGDV(UVFKDIIHQGHU/LHEH9RQGHP

9JO6XOOLYDQV%HVFKUHLEXQJGLHVHU(QWZLFNOXQJLQ7KH,QWHUSHUVRQDO7KHRU\RI
3V\FKLDWU\1HZ<RUN

HUVWHQ$QIDQJELV]XP5HLIHQGHU/LHEHGDXHUWHVMHGRFKQRFK
-DKUH6FKOLHOLFKKDWGDV.LQGGDVLQ]ZLVFKHQYLHOOHLFKWGDV
-QJOLQJVRGHU%DFNVFKDOWHUHUUHLFKWKDWVHLQH(JR]HQWUL]LWlW
EHUZXQGHQGHUDQGHUH0HQVFKLVWQLFKWPHKUHLQEORHV0LWWHO
]XU%HIULHGLJXQJGHVHLJHQHQ9HUODQJHQV'LH1RWZHQGLJNHLWHQ
XQG%HGUIQLVVHGHVDQGHUHQVLQGHEHQVRZLFKWLJZLHGLHHLJHQHQ
WDWVlFKOLFKVLQGVLHVRJDUZLFKWLJHUJHZRUGHQ'DV*HEHQLVW
EHIULHGLJHQGHU IUHXGYROOHU DOV GDV 1HKPHQ /LHEHQ ZLFKWLJHU
DOV*HOLHEW]XZHUGHQ'XUFKGDV/LHEHQLVWGDV.LQGDXVVHLQHU
,VROLHUXQJKHUDXVJHWUHWHQGLHGXUFKVHLQHQ1DU]LPXVEHGLQJW
ZDU(VHUOHEWGDV*HIKOYRQ$QWHLOQDKPHXQG(LQKHLW1RFK
PHKU (V VSUW GLH .UDIW /LHEH GXUFK /LHEHQ KHUYRU]XUXIHQ
QLFKW PHKU GDYRQ DEKlQJLJ ]X VHLQ /LHEH ]X HPSIDQJHQ XQG
GD]X NOHLQ KLORV NUDQN RGHU DUWLJ VHLQ ]X PVVHQ 'LH
NLQGOLFKH /LHEH IROJW GHP *UXQGVDW] ,FK OLHEH ZHLO LFK
JHOLHEWZHUGH'LHUHLIH/LHEHGDJHJHQIROJWGHP*UXQGVDW]
,FKZHUGHJHOLHEWZHLOLFKOLHEH'LHXQUHLIHNLQGOLFKH/LHEH
VDJW ,FK OLHEH GLFK ZHLO LFK GLFK EUDXFKH 'LH UHLIH /LHEH
VDJWGDJHJHQ,FKEUDXFKHGLFKZHLOLFKGLFKOLHEH
,Q HLQHP HQJHQ =XVDPPHQKDQJ PLW GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU
)lKLJNHLW ]XU /LHEH VWHKW GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ GHV 2EMHNWV GHU
/LHEH 'LH HUVWHQ 0RQDWH XQG -DKUH GHV .LQGHV VLQG MHQH
LQ GHQHQ HV GHU 0XWWHU DP HQJVWHQ YHUEXQGHQ LVW 'LHVH
9HUEXQGHQKHLWEHJLQQWEHUHLWVYRUGHP$XJHQEOLFNGHU*HEXUW
ZHQQ0XWWHUXQG.LQGQRFKHLQVXQGWURW]GHP]ZHLVLQG'LH
*HEXUWlQGHUWGLH6LWXDWLRQ]ZDULQJHZLVVHU+LQVLFKWMHGRFK
NHLQHVZHJV VR GUDVWLVFK ZLH HV VFKHLQW 'DV .LQG GDV MHW]W
DXHUKDOE GHV 0XWWHUOHLEHV OHEW LVW LPPHU QRFK Y|OOLJ YRQ
GHU 0XWWHU DEKlQJLJ 6SlWHU OHUQW HV ]X JHKHQ ]X VSUHFKHQ

XQG GLH :HOW VHOEVW ]X HUIRUVFKHQ GDV 9HUKlOWQLV ]XU 0XWWHU
YHUOLHUWHLQHQ7HLOVHLQHUOHEHQVZLFKWLJHQ%HGHXWXQJXQGVWDWW
GHVVHQZLUGGDV9HUKlOWQLV]XP9DWHUZLFKWLJHU
8PGLHVHQhEHUJDQJYRQGHU0XWWHU]XP9DWHU]XYHUVWHKHQ
PX PDQ GLH ZHVHQWOLFKHQ 8QWHUVFKLHGH LQ GHU (LJHQDUW GHU
PWWHUOLFKHQ XQG GHU YlWHUOLFKHQ /LHEH EHWUDFKWHQ 9RQ
GHU 0XWWHUOLHEH KDEHQ ZLU EHUHLWV JHVSURFKHQ 6LH LVW LKUHP
:HVHQQDFKEHGLQJXQJVORV'LH0XWWHUOLHEWGDV1HXJHERUHQH
ZHLOHVLKU.LQGLVWQLFKWZHLOGDV.LQGLUJHQGHLQHEHVRQGHUH
%HGLQJXQJ HUIOOW KDW RGHU LUJHQGZHOFKHQ (UZDUWXQJHQ
HQWVSULFKW :HQQ LFK DQ GLHVHU 6WHOOH YRQ GHU 0XWWHU E]Z
GHU 9DWHUOLHEH VSUHFKH PHLQH LFK GDPLW ,GHDOW\SHQ LP
6LQQH0D[:HEHUVRGHULP6LQQHGHV-XQJVFKHQ$UFKHW\SV
XQGZLOOGDPLWQLFKWVDJHQGDMHGH0XWWHUXQGMHGHU9DWHU
LQ GHU JOHLFKHQ :HLVH OLHEW ,FK EH]LHKH PLFK YLHOPHKU
DXI GDV 9DWHU E]Z 0XWWHUSULQ]LS GDV VLFK LQ GHU 3HUVRQ
GHV9DWHUVE]ZGHU0XWWHUYHUN|USHUW'LHEHGLQJXQJVORVH
/LHEHHQWVSULFKWHLQHUGHUWLHIVWHQ6HKQVFKWHQLFKWQXUGHV
.LQGHV VRQGHUQ MHGHV PHQVFKOLFKHQ :HVHQV DQGHUHUVHLWV
HUZHFNW GLH7DWVDFKH GHV HLJHQHQ9HUGLHQVWHV ZHJHQ JHOLHEW
]X ZHUGHQ LPPHU LUJHQGZHOFKHQ =ZHLIHO 9LHOOHLFKW KDEH
LFKGHU3HUVRQGLHPLFKOLHEHQVROONHLQH)UHXGHJHPDFKW
YLHOOHLFKW LVW GLHVHV RGHU MHQHV SDVVLHUW MHGHQIDOOV EHVWHKW
LPPHU GLH $QJVW GD GLH /LHEH ZLHGHU YHUJHKHQ N|QQWH
)HUQHU KLQWHUOlW YHUGLHQWH /LHEH OHLFKW GDV ELWWHUH
*HIKOGDPDQQLFKWXPVHLQHUVHOEVWZLOOHQJHOLHEWZLUG
VRQGHUQ GD PDQ QXU JHOLHEW ZLUG ZHLO PDQ GHP DQGHUHQ
)UHXGHJHPDFKWKDWGDPDQDOVRLPOHW]WHQQLFKWJHOLHEW
VRQGHUQQXUJHEUDXFKWZLUG

.HLQ :XQGHU GD ZLU DOOH XQV DQ GHU 6HKQVXFKW QDFK
0XWWHUOLHEHIHVWKDOWHQDOV.LQGHUDEHUDXFKDOV(UZDFKVHQH
'LH PHLVWHQ .LQGHU KDEHQ GDV *OFN 0XWWHUOLHEH ]X
HPSIDQJHQ LQ ZHOFKHP $XVPD EHVSUHFKHQ ZLU VSlWHU
%HL (UZDFKVHQHQ LVW GLHVH 6HKQVXFKW YLHO VFKZLHULJHU ]X
HUIOOHQ ,Q GHU ]XIULHGHQVWHOOHQGVWHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ EOHLEW VLH
LPPHUHLQH.RPSRQHQWHGHUHURWLVFKHQ/LHEHRIWQGHWVLH
LKUHQ$XVGUXFNLQUHOLJL|VHQKlXJHUMHGRFKLQQHXURWLVFKHQ
)RUPHQ
'LH %H]LHKXQJ ]XP9DWHU LVW JDQ] DQGHUV 'LH 0XWWHU LVW
GLH+HLPDWDXVGHUZLUNRPPHQVLHLVWGLH1DWXUGLH(UGH
GDV 0HHU 'HU 9DWHU GDJHJHQ YHUN|USHUW QLFKW LUJHQGHLQH
QDWUOLFKH +HLPDW ,Q GHQ HUVWHQ /HEHQVMDKUHQ KDW HU NDXP
HLQH9HUELQGXQJPLWGHP.LQGXQGLQGLHVHUHUVWHQ3HULRGH
NDQQ PDQ VHLQH %HGHXWXQJ NHLQHVZHJV PLW GHU GHU 0XWWHU
YHUJOHLFKHQ :lKUHQG GHU 9DWHU QLFKW GLH QDWUOLFKH :HOW
UHSUlVHQWLHUWVWHKWHUIUGHQDQGHUHQ3ROGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ
([LVWHQ] IU GLH :HOW GHU *HGDQNHQ GHU YRP 0HQVFKHQ
HUVFKDIIHQHQ'LQJHYRQ*HVHW]2UGQXQJXQG'LV]LSOLQ'HU
9DWHULVWGHUMHQLJHGHUGDV.LQGOHKUWGHULKPGHQ:HJLQ
GLH:HOW]HLJW
(QJYHUEXQGHQPLWGLHVHU)XQNWLRQLVWHLQHDQGHUHGLH
PLW GHU VR]LDO|NRQRPLVFKHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ ]XVDPPHQKlQJW
$OV VLFK LP /DXIH GHU *HVFKLFKWH GDV 3ULYDWHLJHQWXP
HQWZLFNHOWHXQG%HVLW]YRQHLQHPGHU6|KQHJHHUEWZHUGHQ
NRQQWH ZXUGH GHU 9DWHU DQ GHP 6RKQ LQWHUHVVLHUW GHU LKQ
HLQPDO EHHUEHQ N|QQWH 1DWUOLFK ZDU HV LPPHU QXU MHQHU
6RKQGHUGHP9DWHUDOV1DFKIROJHUDPJHHLJQHWVWHQVFKLHQ

MHQHU 6RKQ DOVR GHU LKP DP PHLVWHQ lKQHOWH XQG GHQ HU
IROJOLFK DP OLHEVWHQ KDWWH 9DWHUOLHEH LVW EHGLQJWH /LHEH ,KU
*UXQGVDW] LVW ,FK OLHEH GLFK ZHLO GX PHLQH (UZDUWXQJHQ
HUIOOVW ZHLO GX GHLQH 3LFKW WXVW ZHLO GX PLU lKQOLFK ELVW
*HQDX ZLH LQ GHU EHGLQJXQJVORVHQ 0XWWHUOLHEH QGHQ ZLU LQ
GHU EHGLQJWHQ 9DWHUOLHEH HLQHQ QHJDWLYHQ XQG HLQHQ SRVLWLYHQ
$VSHNW'HU QHJDWLYH$VSHNW LVW GLH7DWVDFKH GD9DWHUOLHEH
YHUGLHQW ZHUGHQ PX GD PDQ VLH ZLHGHU YHUOLHUHQ NDQQ
ZHQQPDQQLFKWGDVWXWZDVYRQHLQHPHUZDUWHWZLUG,QGHU
1DWXUGHU9DWHUOLHEHOLHJWHVGD*HKRUVDP]XUJU|WHQ7XJHQG
8QJHKRUVDPDEHU]XUJU|WHQ6QGHZLUGXQGGDVLHPLWGHU
(QW]LHKXQJ GHU 9DWHUOLHEH EHVWUDIW ZLUG 'LH SRVLWLYH 6HLWH LVW
JOHLFKHUPDHQZLFKWLJ'DGLHVH/LHEH%HGLQJXQJHQVWHOOWNDQQ
LFK HWZDV WXQ XP VLH ]X HUZHUEHQ GLH 9DWHUOLHEH HQW]LHKW
VLFKLP*HJHQVDW]]XU0XWWHUOLHEHQLFKWPHLQHU.RQWUROOHXQG
$QVWUHQJXQJ
'LH +DOWXQJ GHV 9DWHUV XQG GHU 0XWWHU JHJHQEHU GHP
.LQG HQWVSUHFKHQ GHQ %HGUIQLVVHQ GHV .LQGHV 'HU 6lXJOLQJ
EUDXFKW GLH EHGLQJXQJVORVH /LHEH XQG )UVRUJH GHU 0XWWHU
VRZRKON|USHUOLFKDOVDXFKSV\FKLVFK8PGDVVHFKVWH/HEHQVMDKU
KHUXPEHJLQQWGDV.LQGMHGRFKGLH$XWRULWlWXQGGLH)KUXQJ
GHV 9DWHUV ]X EUDXFKHQ 'LH 0XWWHU KDW GLH )XQNWLRQ LKP
/HEHQVVLFKHUKHLW]XELHWHQGHU9DWHUGDJHJHQKDWGLH$XIJDEH
GDV .LQG ]X OHKUHQ XQG HV EHL GHU $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ PLW
GHQ3UREOHPHQMHQHU*HVHOOVFKDIW]XIKUHQLQGLHGDV.LQG
KLQHLQJHERUHQ ZXUGH XQG GHU HV QXQ JHJHQEHUVWHKW 'LH
JXWH 0XWWHU YHUVXFKW QLFKW GDV .LQG DP $XIZDFKVHQ ]X
KLQGHUQ XQG LKP HLQH %HORKQXQJ IU VHLQH +LORVLJNHLW ]X
ELHWHQ'LH0XWWHUVROOWH9HUWUDXHQ]XP/HEHQKDEHQVLHVROOWH

QLFKWEHUlQJVWOLFKVHLQXQGGDV.LQGPLWLKUHUbQJVWOLFKNHLW
DQVWHFNHQ6LHVROOWHGHQ:XQVFKKDEHQGDGDV.LQGXQDEKlQJLJ
ZLUGXQGVLFKVFKOLHOLFKY|OOLJYRQLKUWUHQQW
'LH 9DWHUOLHEH VROOWH GDJHJHQ YRQ *UXQGVlW]HQ XQG
(UZDUWXQJHQ JHOHLWHW ZHUGHQ VLH VROOWH JHGXOGLJ XQG
WROHUDQW QLFKW DEHU GURKHQG XQG DXWRULWlU VHLQ 6LH VROOWH GHP
KHUDQZDFKVHQGHQ .LQG HLQ ]XQHKPHQGHV *HIKO VHLQHU
HLJHQHQ .UDIW XQG )lKLJNHLW YHUPLWWHOQ XQG LKP VFKOLHOLFK
HUODXEHQ VLFK VHOEVW$XWRULWlW ]X ZHUGHQ XQG GDPLW GHU GHV
9DWHUVHQWEHKUHQ]XN|QQHQ
'HUUHLIH0HQVFKLVWVFKOLHOLFKDQMHQHP3XQNWDQJHODQJWDQ
GHPHUVR]XVDJHQ]XVHLQHUHLJHQHQ0XWWHUXQG]XVHLQHP9DWHU
ZLUG(UHQWZLFNHOWHLQPWWHUOLFKHVXQGYlWHUOLFKHV*HZLVVHQ
'DV PWWHUOLFKH *HZLVVHQ VDJW (V JLEW NHLQH 6QGH NHLQ
9HUEUHFKHQ GDV GLFK PHLQHU /LHEH XQG PHLQHU :QVFKH IU
GHLQ /HEHQ XQG GHLQ *OFN EHUDXEHQ N|QQWH 'DV YlWHUOLFKH
*HZLVVHQGDJHJHQVDJW'XKDVWXQUHFKWJHWDQXQGGXNDQQVW
QLFKW YHUPHLGHQ GLH .RQVHTXHQ]HQ ]X WUDJHQ YRU DOOHLQ DEHU
PXW GX GLFK lQGHUQ ZHQQ LFK GLFK OLHEHQ VROO 'HU UHLIH
0HQVFK KDW VLFK YRQ GHQ lXHUHQ *HVWDOWHQ GHU 0XWWHU XQG
GHV9DWHUV EHIUHLW XQG KDW VLH GDIU LQ VLFK VHOEVW HUULFKWHW ,P
*HJHQVDW] ]X )UHXGV %HJULII GHV hEHU,FK KDW HU VLH MHGRFK
QLFKW GDGXUFK LQ VLFK HUULFKWHW GD HU 9DWHU XQG 0XWWHU VLFK
HLQYHUOHLEWKDWVRQGHUQLQGHPHUGDVPWWHUOLFKH*HZLVVHQDXI
VHLQHU HLJHQHQ /LHEHVIlKLJNHLW GDV YlWHUOLFKH *HZLVVHQ DXI
VHLQHHLJHQH9HUQXQIWXQG8UWHLOVNUDIWJHJUQGHWKDW'HUUHLIH
0HQVFK OHEW VRZRKO PLW GHP PWWHUOLFKHQ DOV DXFK PLW GHP
YlWHUOLFKHQ*HZLVVHQWURW]GHU7DWVDFKHGDGLHVHEHLGHQVLFK

]X ZLGHUVSUHFKHQ VFKHLQHQ :UGH HU OHGLJOLFK GDV YlWHUOLFKH
*HZLVVHQ HQWZLFNHOQ ZUGH HU VWUHQJ XQG XQPHQVFKOLFK
ZHUGHQ EHKLHOWH HU QXU GDV PWWHUOLFKH *HZLVVHQ ZlUH HU LQ
*HIDKUVHLQH8UWHLOVNUDIW]XYHUOLHUHQXQGVLFKZLHDXFKDQGHUH
LQGHU(QWZLFNOXQJ]XKHPPHQ
,QGLHVHU(QWZLFNOXQJYRQGHUPWWHUOLFKHQ]XUYlWHUOLFKHQ
%LQGXQJXQGLKUHUVFKOLHOLFKHQ6\QWKHVHOLHJWGLH%DVLVIUGLH
VHHOLVFKH*HVXQGKHLWXQGGLH(UUHLFKXQJGHU5HLIH,P9HUVDJHQ
GLHVHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GDJHJHQ OLHJW HLQH JUXQGOHJHQGH 8UVDFKH
IU 1HXURVHQ :HLO HV GHQ 5DKPHQ GLHVHV %XFKHV VSUHQJHQ
ZUGH GLHVHQ *HGDQNHQJDQJ YROOVWlQGLJ ]X HQWZLFNHOQ
JHQJHQYLHOOHLFKWHLQLJH%HPHUNXQJHQXPGLHVH)HVWVWHOOXQJ
]XHUOlXWHUQ
(LQH8UVDFKHIUGLHQHXURWLVFKH(QWZLFNOXQJQGHWVLFK]XP
%HLVSLHOLQGHU7DWVDFKHGDHLQ.QDEHHLQHOLHEHQGHMHGRFKLKQ
YLHO]XVHKUYHUZ|KQHQGH0XWWHUXQGJOHLFK]HLWLJHLQHQVFKZDFKHQ
RGHUXQLQWHUHVVLHUWHQ9DWHUKDW,QGLHVHP)DOOLVWHVP|JOLFKGD
GHU.QDEHGHUIUKHQ0XWWHUELQGXQJZHLWHUKLQYHUKDIWHWEOHLEW
XQG VLFK GDQQ ]X HLQHP 0HQVFKHQ HQWZLFNHOW GHU LPPHU YRQ
GHU0XWWHU DEKlQJLJ EOHLEW GHU VLFK KLORV IKOW XQG YRQ GHP
7ULHE]XHPSIDQJHQEHVFKW]W]XZHUGHQXPVRUJW]XZHUGHQ
EHVWLPPW LVW RKQH GLH YlWHUOLFKHQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ ]X HUZHUEHQ
QlPOLFK'LV]LSOLQ8QDEKlQJLJNHLWXQGGLH)lKLJNHLWGDV/HEHQ
VHOEVW]XPHLVWHUQ(UZLUGYHUVXFKHQLQDOOHQ0HQVFKHQ0WWHU
]XQGHQPDQFKPDOLQ)UDXHQXQGPDQFKPDODXFKLQ0lQQHUQ
GLHHLQHDXWRULWlUHXQGPDFKWYROOH3RVLWLRQHLQQHKPHQ:HQQ
DQGHUHUVHLWVGLH0XWWHUNDOWWHLOQDKPVORVRGHUW\UDQQLVFKLVW
PDJ HU GDV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK PWWHUOLFKHU /LHEH DXI GHQ 9DWHU

EHUWUDJHQXQGHUZLUGVLFK]XHLQHPHLQVHLWLJYDWHURULHQWLHUWHQ
0HQVFKHQ HQWZLFNHOQ GHU VLFK YROOVWlQGLJ GHQ 3ULQ]LSLHQ YRQ
*HVHW] 2UGQXQJ XQG $XWRULWlW KLQJLEW GHP MHGRFK GLH
)lKLJNHLW IHKOW EHGLQJXQJVORVH /LHEH ]X HUZDUWHQ RGHU ]X
HPSIDQJHQ 'LHVH (QWZLFNOXQJ ZLUG QRFK YHUVWlUNW ZHQQ GHU
9DWHU DXWRULWlU XQG JOHLFK]HLWLJ GHP 6RKQ HQJ YHUEXQGHQ LVW
:HLWHUH 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ P|JHQ HUJHEHQ GD JHZLVVH )RUPHQ
GHU 1HXURVH ZLH ]XP %HLVSLHO GLH =ZDQJVQHXURVH VLFK PHKU
DXI GHU %DVLV GHU HLQVHLWLJHQ %LQGXQJ DQ GHQ9DWHU HQWZLFNHOQ
ZlKUHQG DQGHUH ZLH +\VWHULH 7UXQNVXFKW GDV 8QYHUP|JHQ
GHU UHDOLVWLVFKHQ $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ PLW GHP /HEHQ XQG
'HSUHVVLRQHQDXVHLQHUHLQVHLWLJHQ0XWWHUELQGXQJUHVXOWLHUHQ
'LH2EMHNWHGHU/LHEH
/LHEH LVW LQ HUVWHU /LQLH QLFKW %LQGXQJ DQ HLQH EHVRQGHUH
3HUVRQ VLH LVW YLHOPHKU HLQH +DOWXQJ HLQH 2ULHQWLHUXQJ GHV
&KDUDNWHUVGLHGDV9HUKlOWQLVHLQHU3HUVRQ]XU:HOWDOV*DQ]HV
QLFKW DEHU ]X HLQHP HLQ]LJHQ 2EMHNW GHU /LHEH EHVWLPPW
:HQQ HLQ 0HQVFK QXU HLQH HLQ]LJH DQGHUH 3HUVRQ OLHEW XQG
VHLQHQ EULJHQ 0LWPHQVFKHQ JHJHQEHU *OHLFKJOWLJNHLW
HPSQGHWLVWVHLQH/LHEHQLFKW/LHEHVRQGHUQHLQHV\PELRWLVFKH
%LQGXQJ RGHU HLQ JHVWHLJHUWHU (JRLVPXV7URW]GHP JODXEHQ GLH
PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ GD GLH /LHEH GXUFK GDV 2EMHNW XQG QLFKW
GXUFK GLH )lKLJNHLW EHGLQJW LVW 7DWVlFKOLFK JODXEHQ VLH VRJDU
GD HV HLQ %HZHLV IU GLH ,QWHQVLWlW LKUHU /LHEH VHL ZHQQ VLH
DXHUGHUJHOLHEWHQ3HUVRQVRQVWQLHPDQGHQOLHEHQ(VLVWGHU
JOHLFKH7UXJVFKOXGHQZLUEHUHLWVDQDQGHUHU6WHOOHHUZlKQWHQ

:HLOPDQGLH/LHEHQLFKWDOV$NWLYLWlWDQVLHKWDOVHLQH.UDIW
GHU6HHOHJODXEWPDQGDHVQXUQ|WLJVHLGDVULFKWLJH2EMHNW
]XQGHQXQGGDGDQQDOOHVEULJHVLFKYRQVHOEVWHQWZLFNHOH
'LHVH+DOWXQJNDQQPDQPLWGHUHLQHV0HQVFKHQYHUJOHLFKHQ
GHU HLQ %LOG PDOHQ ZLOO GHU MHGRFK VWDWW GLHVH .XQVW ]X
HUOHUQHQEHKDXSWHWHUPVVHHUVWGDVULFKWLJH2EMHNWQGHQ
ZHQQHUHVHQWGHFNWKlWWHN|QQHHUHVDXFKPDOHQ:HQQLFKHLQHQ
0HQVFKHQ ZLUNOLFK OLHEH OLHEH LFK DOOH 0HQVFKHQ OLHEH LFK GLH
JDQ]H:HOWXQGOLHEHLFKGDV/HEHQ:HQQLFK]XHLQHPDQGHUHQ
VDJHQNDQQ,FKOLHEHGLFKPXLFKDXFKVDJHQN|QQHQ,FK
OLHEHLQGLUDOOH0HQVFKHQLFKOLHEHLQGLUGLH:HOWLFKOLHEHLQ
GLUDXFKPLFKVHOEVW
'LH7KHVH GD GLH /LHEH HLQH 2ULHQWLHUXQJ LVW GLH VLFK DXI
DOOHXQGQLFKWQXUDXIHLQHQEH]LHKWEHGHXWHWMHGRFKQLFKWGDHV
]ZLVFKHQGHQYHUVFKLHGHQHQ$UWHQGHU/LHEHNHLQH8QWHUVFKLHGH
JlEHGLHYRQGHU$UWGHVJHOLHEWHQ2EMHNWHVDEKlQJLJVLQG
D1lFKVWHQOLHEH
'LH /LHEH GLH DOOHQ$UWHQ GHU /LHEH ]XJUXQGH OLHJW LVW GLH
1lFKVWHQOLHEH'DPLWPHLQHLFKGDV*HIKOGHU9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW
GHU )UVRUJH GHV 5HVSHNWHV XQG GHV :LVVHQV JHJHQEHU DOOHQ
DQGHUHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQDOVRGHQ:XQVFKGDV/HEHQGHV
DQGHUHQ ]X I|UGHUQ 'DV LVW DXFK MHQH$UW YRQ /LHEH YRQ GHU
GLH%LEHOVSULFKWZHQQVLHVDJW/LHEHGHLQHQ1lFKVWHQZLHGLFK
VHOEVW'LH1lFKVWHQOLHEHLVW/LHEH]XDOOHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQ
FKDUDNWHULVWLVFK IU VLH LVW GDV )HKOHQ GHU $XVVFKOLHOLFKNHLW
:HQQLFKGLH)lKLJNHLWGHV/LHEHQVHQWZLFNHOWKDEHNDQQLFK
QLFKWXPKLQPHLQHQ1lFKVWHQ]XOLHEHQ,QGHU1lFKVWHQOLHEHOLHJW

GDV(UOHEQLVGHU9HUHLQLJXQJPLWDOOHQ0HQVFKHQGDV(UOHEQLV
GHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ6ROLGDULWlWXQGGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ(LQKHLW'LH
1lFKVWHQOLHEHEHUXKWDXIGHP:LVVHQGDZLUDOOHHLQVVLQG'LH
8QWHUVFKLHGHLQ7DOHQW,QWHOOLJHQ] XQG:LVVHQ VLQG XQZLFKWLJ
LP9HUJOHLFK]XGHU,GHQWLWlWGHVPHQVFKOLFKHQ.HUQVGHUDOOHQ
0HQVFKHQJHPHLQVDPLVW8PGLHVH,GHQWLWlW]XHUOHEHQPX
PDQMHGRFKYRP5DQG]XP.HUQYRUGULQJHQ:HQQLFKEHLHLQHP
DQGHUHQ KDXSWVlFKOLFK GLH 2EHUlFKH ZDKUQHKPH VHKH LFK LQ
GHU +DXSWVDFKH QXU GLH 8QWHUVFKLHGH GLH XQV WUHQQHQ ZHQQ
LFKMHGRFK]XP.HUQYRUGULQJHHUNHQQHLFKXQVHUH,GHQWLWlW
GLH7DWVDFKHXQVHUHU%UGHUOLFKNHLW'LHVH%H]LHKXQJ]ZLVFKHQ
GHPHLQHQXQGGHPDQGHUHQ.HUQDQ6WHOOHGHV9HUKlOWQLVVHV
YRQ2EHUlFKH]X2EHUlFKHLVWGDV]HQWUDOH9HUKlOWQLVRGHU
ZLH6LPRQH:HLO HV VR VFK|Q DXVJHGUFNW KDW 'LH JOHLFKHQ
:RUWHGKHLQ0DQQVDJW]XVHLQHU)UDX,FKOLHEHGLFKN|QQHQ
JHZ|KQOLFK RGHU DXHURUGHQWOLFK VHLQ MH QDFK GHU$UW ZLH VLH
DXVJHVSURFKHQZHUGHQ8QGGLHVH$UWGHV$XVVSUHFKHQVKlQJW
DEYRQGHU7LHIHGHU:HVHQVVFKLFKWDXVGHUVLHVWDPPHQRKQH
GDGHU:LOOHKLHULUJHQGHWZDVYHUP|FKWH8QGLQIROJHHLQHU
ZXQGHUEDUHQ hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ EHUKUHQ VLH EHL GHP +|UHU
GLHJOHLFKH6FKLFKW6RNDQQGHU+|UHUZHQQHUGLH*DEHGHU
8QWHUVFKHLGXQJEHVLW]WHUNHQQHQZDVGLHVH:RUWHZHUWVLQG
'LH1lFKVWHQOLHEHLVW/LHEH]ZLVFKHQ*OHLFKHQDEHUVHOEVW
DOV*OHLFKHVLQGZLULQ:LUNOLFKNHLWQLFKWLPPHUJOHLFKGHQQ
GDZLU0HQVFKHQVLQGEUDXFKHQZLU+LOIHKHXWHLFKPRUJHQ
GX 'LHVHV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK +LOIH EHGHXWHW QLFKW GD GHU HLQH
KLORVGHUDQGHUHVWDUNLVW+LORVLJNHLWLVWHLQYRUEHUJHKHQGHU

6LPRQH:HLO6FKZHUNUDIWXQG*QDGH'HXWVFKYRQ)ULHGKHOP.HPS$XDJH
0QFKHQ6

=XVWDQGGLH)lKLJNHLWDXIHLJHQHQ)HQ]XVWHKHQXQG]X
JHKHQLVWGDJHJHQGHUEOLFKHXQGGDXHUKDIWH=XVWDQG
'LH/LHEH]XGHQ+LORVHQGHQ$UPHQXQG)UHPGHQLVWGLH
*UXQGODJH GHU 1lFKVWHQOLHEH (V LVW QLFKWV %HVRQGHUHV VHLQ
HLJHQHV )OHLVFK XQG %OXW ]X OLHEHQ -HGHV 7LHU OLHEW VHLQH
-XQJHQXQGVRUJWIUVLH'HU+LORVHOLHEWVHLQHQ+HUUQZHLO
VHLQ/HEHQYRQLKPDEKlQJWGDV.LQGOLHEWVHLQH(OWHUQZHLO
HVVLHEUDXFKW(UVWLQGHU/LHEH]XMHQHQGLHPHLQHQ=ZHFNHQ
QLFKW GLHQHQ N|QQHQ EHJLQQW GLH /LHEH VLFK ]X HQWIDOWHQ
%H]HLFKQHQGHUZHLVH VLQG GLH$UPHQ LP$OWHQ7HVWDPHQW GDV
]HQWUDOH2EMHNWGHU0HQVFKHQOLHEHXQGQLFKWQXUVLHVRQGHUQ
DXFK GHU )UHPGH GLH:LWZH XQG:DLVHXQGVFKOLHOLFKDXFK
QRFK GLH )HLQGH GHU 1DWLRQ GLH bJ\SWHU XQG GLH (GRPLWHQ
,P0LWOHLGPLWGHP+LORVHQIlQJWGHU0HQVFKDQGLH/LHEH
IU VHLQHQ 1lFKVWHQ ]X HQWZLFNHOQ XQG LQ GHU /LHEH ]X VLFK
VHOEVW OLHEW HU DXFK MHQH GLH +LOIH EUDXFKHQ GLH VFKZDFKHQ
XQG XQJHVLFKHUWHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ :HVHQ 0LWOHLG HQWKlOW GDV
(OHPHQWGHV:LVVHQVXQG(UNHQQHQV'HQQLKUZLVVHWXPGHU
)UHPGOLQJH +HU] KHLW HV LP$OWHQ 7HVWDPHQW GLHZHLO LKU
DXFKVHLG)UHPGOLQJHLPbJ\SWHUODQGJHZHVHQ'DUXPVROOW
LKUDXFKGLH)UHPGOLQJHOLHEHQ
E0XWWHUOLHEH
0LW GHP:HVHQ GHU 0XWWHUOLHEH KDEHQ ZLU XQV EHUHLWV LQ
HLQHPYRUKHUJHJDQJHQHQ.DSLWHOEHIDWGDVGHQ8QWHUVFKLHG
]ZLVFKHQ0XWWHUOLHEHXQG9DWHUOLHEHEHKDQGHOWH

'HQJOHLFKHQ*HGDQNHQKDW+HUPDQQ&RKHQLQVHLQHU5HOLJLRQGHU 9HUQXQIW DXV
GHQ 4XHOOHQ GHV -XGHQWXPV DXVJHGUFNW $XDJH)UDQNIXUWDP0DLQ6
II

'LH0XWWHUOLHEHLVWZLHLFKEHUHLWVVDJWHHLQHEHGLQJXQJVORVH
%HVWlWLJXQJGHVNLQGOLFKHQ/HEHQVXQGVHLQHU1RWZHQGLJNHLWHQ
+LHUPXMHGRFKQRFKHWZDV:LFKWLJHVKLQ]XJHIJWZHUGHQ'LH
%HVWlWLJXQJGHVNLQGOLFKHQ/HEHQVKDW]ZHL$VSHNWHGHUHLQHLVW
MHQH)UVRUJHXQGMHQH9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLWGLH]XU%HZDKUXQJ
XQG (QWIDOWXQJ GHV NLQGOLFKHQ /HEHQV XQEHGLQJW QRWZHQGLJ
VLQG'HUDQGHUH$VSHNWJHKWMHGRFKQRFKEHUGLH%HZDKUXQJ
KLQDXV(VLVWMHQH+DOWXQJGLHGHP.LQGGLH/LHEH]XP/HEHQ
HLQ|WGLHLKPGDV*HIKOJLEW(VLVWJXW]XOHEHQHVLVWJXW
HLQNOHLQHU-XQJHRGHUHLQNOHLQHV0lGFKHQ]XVHLQHVLVWJXW
DXIGLHVHU(UGH]XVHLQ'LHVHEHLGHQ$VSHNWHGHU0XWWHUOLHEH
ZHUGHQ VHKU GHXWOLFK LQ GHU ELEOLVFKHQ 6FK|SIXQJVJHVFKLFKWH
]XP $XVGUXFN JHEUDFKW *RWW HUVFKDIIW GLH :HOW XQG GHQ
0HQVFKHQGLHVHQWVSULFKWGHUHLQIDFKHQ)UVRUJHXQG%HMDKXQJ
GHU([LVWHQ]*RWWJHKWMHGRFKGDUEHUKLQDXV1DFKMHGHP7DJGHU
(UVFKDIIXQJYRQ1DWXUXQG0HQVFKKHLWHV8QG*RWWVDKGD
HVJXWZDUbKQOLFKJLEWGLH0XWWHUOLHEHLQLKUHP]ZHLWHQ$VSHNW
GHP.LQGGDV*HIKO(VLVWJXWJHERUHQ]XVHLQ(VYHUPLWWHOW
GHP.LQGGLH/LHEH]XP/HEHQXQGQLFKWQXUGHQ:XQVFKOHEHQ
]X EOHLEHQ 'HU JOHLFKH *HGDQNH NDQQ DXFK LQ HLQHP DQGHUHQ
6\PEROLVPXVGHU%LEHODXVJHGUFNWVHLQ9RP*HOREWHQ /DQG
/DQGLVWLPPHUHLQ0XWWHUV\PEROKHLWHVGDGDULQ0LOFK
XQG +RQLJ LHHQ 'LH 0LOFK LVW GDV 6\PERO IU GHQ HUVWHQ
$VSHNWGHU/LHEHIUGHQGHU)UVRUJHXQG%HVWlWLJXQJ'HU
+RQLJV\PEROLVLHUWGLH6HGHV/HEHQVGLH/LHEH]XP/HEHQ
XQGGDV*OFNDP/HEHQ]XVHLQ'LHPHLVWHQ0WWHUVLQGLQGHU
/DJH0LOFK]XJHEHQDEHUQXUHLQH0LQGHUKHLWNDQQGDQHEHQ
DXFKQRFK+RQLJJHEHQ8P+RQLJJHEHQ]XN|QQHQPX
PDQ QLFKW QXU HLQH JXWH 0XWWHU VRQGHUQ GDQHEHQ QRFK HLQ

JOFNOLFKHU0HQVFKVHLQXQGGLHVHV=LHOZLUGQXUYRQZHQLJHQ
HUUHLFKW'LH:LUNXQJDXIGDV.LQGLVWJDUQLFKW]XEHUVFKlW]HQ
'LHPWWHUOLFKH/LHEH]XP/HEHQLVWJHQDXVRDQVWHFNHQGZLHGLH
PWWHUOLFKH$QJVW%HLGHKDEHQHLQHWLHIJUHLIHQGH:LUNXQJDXI
GLH JDQ]H 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW GHV.LQGHVWDWVlFKOLFKNDQQPDQEHL
.LQGHUQXQGDXFKEHL(UZDFKVHQHQGHXWOLFKXQWHUVFKHLGHQZHU
QXU0LOFKXQGZHU0LOFKXQG+RQLJEHNRPPHQKDW
,P*HJHQVDW]]XU1lFKVWHQOLHEHXQG]XUHURWLVFKHQ/LHEHGLH
LPPHU/LHEH]ZLVFKHQ*OHLFKHQVLQGLVWGDV9HUKlOWQLV]ZLVFKHQ
0XWWHU XQG .LQG VHLQHP JDQ]HQ :HVHQ QDFK HLQ 9HUKlOWQLV
]ZLVFKHQ8QJOHLFKHQEHLGHPGHUHLQHGLHJDQ]H+LOIHEUDXFKW
XQGGHUDQGHUHVLHLKPJLEW$XI*UXQGGLHVHUXQHLJHQQW]LJHQ
XQGVHOEVWORVHQ(LJHQVFKDIWJLOWGLH0XWWHUOLHEHDOVGLHK|FKVWH
$UWGHU/LHEHXQGDOVGLHJHKHLOLJVWHHPRWLRQHOOH%LQGXQJ(V
VFKHLQWMHGRFKGDGDV%HZXQGHUQVZHUWHDQGHU0XWWHUOLHEH
QLFKW LQ LKUHU /LHEH ]X GHP 6lXJOLQJ VRQGHUQ LQ GHU /LHEH
]XP KHUDQZDFKVHQGHQ .LQG OLHJW (V VWLPPW GD GLH 0WWHU
LQGHU0HKUKHLWDXVJHVSURFKHQOLHEHQGH0WWHUVLQGVRODQJH
GDV.LQGQRFKNOHLQXQGYROONRPPHQYRQLKQHQDEKlQJLJLVW
'LHPHLVWHQ)UDXHQZQVFKHQVLFK.LQGHUVLQGJOFNOLFKEHU
GDV 1HXJHERUHQH XQG N|QQHQ HV QLFKW HUZDUWHQ ELV VLH HV
VHOEVWYHUVRUJHQN|QQHQ6RLVWHVWURW]GHU7DWVDFKHGDVLH
YRQGHP.LQGQLFKWV]XUFNHUKDOWHQDEJHVHKHQYRQHLQHP
/lFKHOQ RGHU GHP ]XIULHGHQHQ $XVGUXFN LQ VHLQHP *HVLFKW
(V KDW GHQ$QVFKHLQ DOV OlJH GLH :XU]HO ]X GLHVHU +DOWXQJ
LQHLQHP,QVWLQNWGHQPDQEHL7LHUHQJHQDXVRDQWULIIWZLHEHL
GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 0XWWHU 8QJHDFKWHW GHV *HZLFKWV GLHVHV
,QVWLQNWHV OLHJHQ MHGRFK DXFK DXVJHVSURFKHQ PHQVFKOLFKH
SV\FKRORJLVFKH)DNWRUHQYRUGLHIUGLHVH$UWYRQ0XWWHUOLHEH

YHUDQWZRUWOLFKVLQG6RNDQQPDQLQLKUDXFKGDV(OHPHQWGHU
QDU]LWLVFKHQ /LHEH QGHQ 'D GLH 0XWWHU GDV .LQG LPPHU
QRFKDOVHLQHQ7HLOYRQVLFKVHOEVWHUOHEWNDQQLKUH/LHEHXQG
9HUQDUUWKHLWDXFKHLQH%HIULHGLJXQJLKUHV1DU]LPXVVHLQ(LQH
DQGHUH:XU]HOOLHHVLFKYLHOOHLFKWLQGHP:XQVFKGHU0XWWHU
QDFK0DFKWRGHU%HVLW]HQWGHFNHQ'DV.LQGGDVYROONRPPHQ
KLORV XQG LKUHP :LOOHQ YROOVWlQGLJ XQWHUZRUIHQ LVW LVW GDV
QDWUOLFKH 2EMHNW IU HLQH W\UDQQLVFKH XQG EHVLW]JLHULJH
0XWWHU
6R KlXJ GLHVH 0RWLYLHUXQJHQ VLQG VR VLQG VLH GRFK
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK ZHQLJHU ZLFKWLJ DOV MHQH GLH PDQ DOV 6WUHEHQ
QDFK7UDQV]HQGHQ]EH]HLFKQHQN|QQWH'LHVHV9HUODQJHQJHK|UW
]XGHQJUXQGOHJHQGVWHQ%HGUIQLVVHQGHV0HQVFKHQXQGEHUXKW
DXI GHU 7DWVDFKH VHLQHV 6HOEVWEHZXWVHLQV DXI GHU 7DWVDFKH
GD HU VLFK QLFKW PLW GHU 5ROOH GHU UHLQHQ .UHDWXU EHJQJHQ
NDQQGDHUHVQLFKWHUWUlJWQLFKWVDOVGHU:UIHO]XVHLQGHU
DXVGHP%HFKHUJHIDOOHQ LVW (U PX VLFK VHOEVW DOV 6FK|SIHU
IKOHQDOV:HVHQGDVGLHSDVVLYH5ROOHGHVQXU(UVFKDIIHQHQ
WUDQV]HQGLHUW(VJLEWYLHOH0|JOLFKNHLWHQGLHVHV%HGUIQLVGHV
(UVFKDIIHQV]XEHIULHGLJHQGLHQDWUOLFKVWHXQGHOHPHQWDUVWH
LVWGLH)UVRUJHXQGGLH/LHEHGHU0XWWHUIULKU*HVFK|SI,Q
GHP .LQG JHKW VLH EHU VLFK VHOEVW KLQDXV LKUH /LHEH IU GDV
.LQG JLEW LKUHP /HEHQ 6LQQ XQG %HGHXWXQJ *HUDGH LQ GHU
8QIlKLJNHLW GHV 0DQQHV VHLQ 9HUODQJHQ QDFK 7UDQV]HQGHQ]
GXUFK GDV *HElUHQ HLQHV .LQGHV ]X EHIULHGLJHQ OLHJW IU LKQ
GHU =ZDQJ VHLQ 6FK|SIHUWXP GXUFK GDV (UVFKDIIHQ GHU YRQ
0HQVFKHQKDQGVWDPPHQGHQ'LQJHXQGYRQ,GHHQ]XEHZHLVHQ

$EHUGDV.LQGPXKHUDQZDFKVHQ(VPXVLFKYRP0XWWHUOHLE
XQGYRQGHU0XWWHUEUXVWO|VHQHVPXVFKOLHOLFKHLQYROONRPPHQ
VHOEVWlQGLJHV PHQVFKOLFKHV :HVHQ ZHUGHQ 'DV HLJHQWOLFKH
:HVHQ GHU 0XWWHUOLHEH OLHJW GDULQ IU GDV +HUDQZDFKVHQ GHV
.LQGHV]XVRUJHQXQGGDVEHGHXWHWDXFKIUGLH7UHQQXQJYRQ
0XWWHUXQG.LQG+LHUKDEHQZLUGHQJUXQGOHJHQGHQ8QWHUVFKLHG
]XU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH ,Q GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH YHUHLQLJHQ VLFK
]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ GLH ELVKHU JHWUHQQW ZDUHQ LQ GHU 0XWWHUOLHEH
GDJHJHQZHUGHQ]ZHL0HQVFKHQGLHYRUKHUHLQVZDUHQJHWUHQQW
'LH0XWWHUOLHEHPXGLH7UHQQXQJYRP.LQGQLFKWQXUGXOGHQ
VRQGHUQVLHVRJDUZQVFKHQXQGI|UGHUQ(UVWLQGLHVHP6WDGLXP
ZLUG GLH 0XWWHUOLHEH ]X HLQHU VFKZLHULJHQ $XIJDEH GD VLH
6HOEVWORVLJNHLWVRZLHGLH)lKLJNHLWYHUODQJWDOOHV]XJHEHQXQG
QLFKWV ]X IRUGHUQ DXHU GHP *OFN GHV *HOLHEWHQ *HUDGH LQ
GLHVHP 3XQNW YHUVDJHQ MHGRFK YLHOH 0WWHU 'LH QDU]LWLVFKH
GLH W\UDQQLVFKH XQG GLH EHVLW]JLHULJH )UDX NDQQ VHKU JXW HLQH
OLHEHQGH0XWWHUVHLQVRODQJHGDV.LQGNOHLQLVW$EHUQXUGLH
ZLUNOLFKOLHEHQGH)UDXMHQH)UDXGLHLP*HEHQJOFNOLFKHULVW
DOVLP1HKPHQXQGLQLKUHUHLJHQHQ([LVWHQ]IHVWYHUZXU]HOWLVW
NDQQDXFKGDQQHLQHOLHEHQGH0XWWHUVHLQZHQQVLFKGDV.LQGLP
3UR]HGHU/RVWUHQQXQJEHQGHW
'LH 0XWWHUOLHEH IU GDV KHUDQZDFKVHQGH .LQG GLH /LHEH GLH
QLFKWVIUVLFKVHOEVWZLOOLVWYLHOOHLFKWGLHVFKZLHULJVWH)RUPGHU
/LHEHGLHHVEHUKDXSWJLEWXQGZHJHQGHU/HLFKWLJNHLWPLW
GHU HLQH 0XWWHU LKU NOHLQHV .LQG OLHEW DXFK GLH WlXVFKHQGVWH
$EHUJHUDGHZHJHQGLHVHU6FKZLHULJNHLWZLUGHLQH)UDXQXUGDQQ
HLQHZLUNOLFKOLHEHQGH0XWWHUVHLQZHQQVLHEHUKDXSWOLHEHQ
NDQQZHQQVLHIlKLJLVWLKUHQ0DQQDQGHUH.LQGHU)UHPGH
XQGEHUKDXSWDOOHPHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQ]XOLHEHQ-HQH)UDX

GLHLQGLHVHP6LQQH]XU/LHEHXQIlKLJLVWNDQQVRODQJHGDV
.LQGNOHLQLVWHLQHYHUZ|KQHQGH0XWWHUDEHUQLHPDOVHLQH
OLHEHQGH0XWWHUVHLQGLH3UREHGDIULVWGLH%HUHLWZLOOLJNHLW
GLH 7UHQQXQJ QLFKW QXU ]X HUWUDJHQ VRQGHUQ DXFK QDFK GHU
7UHQQXQJZHLWHUKLQ]XOLHEHQ
F(URWLVFKH/LHEH
'LH 1lFKVWHQOLHEH LVW /LHEH ]ZLVFKHQ *OHLFKHQ GLH
0XWWHUOLHEH LVW /LHEH IU GHQ +LORVHQ 6R YHUVFKLHGHQ VLH
YRQHLQDQGHUVLQGKDEHQVLHGRFKHLQH*HPHLQVDPNHLW6LH
VLQG LKUHP JDQ]HQ:HVHQ QDFK QLFKW DXI HLQH HLQ]LJH 3HUVRQ
EHVFKUlQNW :HQQ LFK PHLQHQ 1lFKVWHQ OLHEH OLHEH LFK DOOH
0HQVFKHQ ZHQQ LFK PHLQ .LQG OLHEH OLHEH LFK DXFK PHLQH
DQGHUHQ .LQGHU XQG GDUEHU KLQDXV DOOH .LQGHU DOOH GLH
PHLQH+LOIHEUDXFKHQ,P*HJHQVDW]]XGLHVHQEHLGHQ$UWHQ
GHU /LHEH VWHKW GLH HURWLVFKH /LHEH VLH LVW GDV 9HUODQJHQ
QDFKYROOVWlQGLJHU9HUHLQLJXQJQDFKGHU9HUVFKPHO]XQJPLW
GHPDQGHUHQ,KUHPJDQ]HQ:HVHQQDFKLVWVLHDXVVFKOLHOLFK
XQG QLFKW DOOXPIDVVHQG VLH LVW DEHU DXFK YLHOOHLFKW GLH
LUUHIKUHQGVWH)RUPGHU/LHEHGLHHVJLEW
9RUDOOHPZLUGVLHKlXJPLWGHPH[SORVLYHQ(UOHEQLVGHV
9HUOLHEHQVYHUZHFKVHOWPLWGHPSO|W]OLFKHQ1LHGHUEUHFKHQ
DOOHU%DUULHUHQGLHELVGDKLQ]ZLVFKHQ]ZHLHLQDQGHU)UHPGHQ
EHVWDQGHQ :LH EHUHLWV JHVDJW LVW GLHVHV (UOHEQLV HLQHU
SO|W]OLFKHQ ,QWLPLWlW VHLQHP JDQ]HQ :HVHQ QDFK MHGRFK
VHKU NXU]OHELJ 1DFKGHP GHU )UHPGH ]X HLQHU LQWLPHQ
3HUVRQ JHZRUGHQ LVW EHVWHKHQ NHLQH %DUULHUHQ PHKU GLH
QRFK EHUZXQGHQ ZHUGHQ PWHQ PDQ EUDXFKW VLFK QLFKW

PHKU ]X EHPKHQ HLQDQGHU QDKH]XNRPPHQ 'HU JHOLHEWH
0HQVFK LVW GHP DQGHUHQ JHQDXVRJXW RGHU YLHOOHLFKW VROOWH LFK
VDJHQ JHQDXVRZHQLJ EHNDQQW ZLH GLHVHU VLFK VHOEVW +lWWH
GDV (UOHEQLV GHV DQGHUHQ PHKU 7LHIH GDQQ ZUGH GLHVHU
DQGHUH QLHPDOV VR EHNDQQW ZHUGHQ XQG GDV :XQGHU GHV
hEHUZLQGHQV YRQ %DUULHUHQ ZUGH GDQQ YLHOOHLFKW 7DJ IU
7DJYRQQHXHPHLQWUHWHQ)UGLHPHLVWHQ0HQVFKHQLVWMHGRFK
QLFKWQXUGLHHLJHQH3HUVRQVRQGHUQDXFKGLHDQGHUHVFKHLQEDU
EDOGHUNDQQWXQGEDOGHUVFK|SIWJHUDGHZHLOVLHLQ:LUNOLFKNHLW
QXU DQ GHU 2EHUlFKH XQG QLFKW LQ GHU 7LHIH HUNDQQW LVW )U
VLH LVW GLH ,QWLPLWlW LQ HUVWHU /LQLH GXUFK GLH JHVFKOHFKWOLFKH
9HUHLQLJXQJYHUZLUNOLFKW'DVLHGLH*HWUHQQWKHLWYRQDQGHUHQ
YRU DOOHP DOV N|USHUOLFKH *HWUHQQWKHLW HUOHEHQ EHGHXWHW GLH
N|USHUOLFKH9HUHLQLJXQJIUVLH]XJOHLFKGLHhEHUZLQGXQJGHU
*HWUHQQWKHLW
'DUEHU KLQDXV JLEW HV QRFK HLQH 5HLKH DQGHUHU )DNWRUHQ
GLH IU YLHOH 0HQVFKHQ GLH hEHUZLQGXQJ LKUHU *HWUHQQWKHLW
EHGHXWHQ'DV(U]lKOHQYRPHLJHQHQ/HEHQYRQGHQHLJHQHQ
+RIIQXQJHQ XQG bQJVWHQ GDV 3UlVHQWLHUHQ GHU HLJHQHQ
NLQGOLFKHQRGHUNLQGLVFKHQ3KDQWDVLHQGLH7DWVDFKHJHPHLQVDPHU
,QWHUHVVHQJHJHQEHUGHU:HOWGDVDOOHVJLOWDOVhEHUZLQGXQJ
GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW 6HOEVW GHQ HLJHQHQ bUJHU XQG GHQ HLJHQHQ
+D]X]HLJHQMDGHUY|OOLJH 0DQJHO DQ +HPPXQJHQ JLOW DOV
,QWLPLWlWXQGGDPLWHUNOlUWVLFKYLHOOHLFKWDXFKGLHSHUYHUWLHUWH
$Q]LHKXQJGLH(KHSDDUHKlXJIUHLQDQGHUHPSQGHQGLHQXU
GDQQLQWLP]XVHLQVFKHLQHQZHQQVLHPLWHLQDQGHUVFKODIHQRGHU
ZHQQVLHLKUHPJHJHQVHLWLJHQ+DIUHLHQ/DXIODVVHQ'LHVH$UWHQ
YRQ 1lKH KDEHQ MHGRFK GLH (LJHQVFKDIW LP /DXIH GHU =HLW
LPPHU PHKU ]X VFKZLQGHQ 'LH )ROJHLVWGDPDQEHLHLQHP

QHXHQ0HQVFKHQ/LHEHVXFKWEHLHLQHPQHXHQ)UHPGHQ:LHGHU
YHUZDQGHOWVLFKGHU)UHPGHLQHLQHQLQWLPHQ0HQVFKHQZLHGHU
LVW GDV (UOHEQLV GHV 9HUOLHEHQV YROOHU )UHXGH XQG ,QWHQVLWlW
XQGZLHGHUQLPPWHVODQJVDPLPPHUPHKUDEELVGDV9HUODQJHQ
QDFK HLQHU QHXHQ (UREHUXQJ QDFK HLQHU QHXHQ /LHEH HQWVWHKW
LPPHUPLWGHU,OOXVLRQGDGLHQHXH/LHEHDQGHUVVHLQZLUG
DOVGLHELVKHULJHQ*HI|UGHUWZLUGGLHVH,OOXVLRQQRFKYRQGHP
WlXVFKHQGHQ&KDUDNWHUGHVVH[XHOOHQ9HUODQJHQV
'DV VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ ]LHOW DXI 9HUHLQLJXQJ XQG LVW
NHLQHVZHJV QXU HLQH SK\VLVFKH %HJLHUGH GLH /|VXQJ HLQHU
TXlOHQGHQ 6SDQQXQJ 'DV VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ NDQQ MHGRFK
QRFK GXUFK GLH $QJVW YRU GHU (LQVDPNHLW JHVWHLJHUW ZHUGHQ
RGHU GXUFK GHQ :XQVFK ]X HUREHUQ RGHU HUREHUW ]X ZHUGHQ
GXUFK (LWHONHLW GXUFK GDV 9HUODQJHQ ]X YHUOHW]HQ RGHU VRJDU
]X ]HUVW|UHQ DEHU DXFK GXUFK /LHEH (V VFKHLQW GD GDV
VH[XHOOH9HUODQJHQVLFKPLWMHGHPLQWHQVLYHQ*HIKOYHUPLVFKHQ
XQGGXUFKMHGHVLQWHQVLYH*HIKOQRFKJHVWHLJHUWZHUGHQNDQQ
GDKHU DXFK GXUFK GLH /LHEH 'D GDV VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ LQ GHU
$QVLFKW GHU PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ PLW GHU /LHEH YHUEXQGHQ LVW
NRPPHQVLHVHKUOHLFKW]XGHPLUUHIKUHQGHQ6FKOXGDPDQ
VLFKOLHEWZHQQPDQVLFKN|USHUOLFKEHVLW]HQZLOO/LHEHNDQQ
]ZHLIHOORV GDV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK VH[XHOOHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ DXVO|VHQ
,Q GLHVHP )DOO IHKOW GHU SK\VLVFKHQ %H]LHKXQJ GLH *LHU
XQG GHU :XQVFK ]X HUREHUQ RGHU HUREHUW ]X ZHUGHQ GDIU
HQWKlOWVLH=lUWOLFKNHLW:HQQGDV9HUODQJHQQDFKSK\VLVFKHU
9HUHLQLJXQJQLFKWGXUFK/LHEHEHGLQJWZLUGZHQQGLHHURWLVFKH
/LHEH DOVR QLFKW DXFK 1lFKVWHQOLHEH LVW IKUW VLH LPPHU QXU ]X
HLQHU9HUHLQLJXQJLQRUJLDVWLVFKHPYRUEHUJHKHQGHP6LQQH'LH
VH[XHOOH$Q]LHKXQJVFKDIIW]ZDULP$XJHQEOLFNGLH,OOXVLRQGHU

9HUHLQLJXQJDEHURKQH/LHEHEOHLEHQQDFKGLHVHU9HUHLQLJXQJ
)UHPGH ]XUFN GLH JHQDXVR ZHLW YRQHLQDQGHU HQWIHUQW VLQG
ZLH YRUKHU )UHPGH GLH VLFK GDQQ YRUHLQDQGHU VFKlPHQ RGHU
VLFKKLQWHUKHUKDVVHQZHLOVLHGLHJHJHQVHLWLJH)UHPGKHLWQDFK
GHP9HUVFKZLQGHQGHU,OOXVLRQVWlUNHUVSUHQDOVYRUKHU'LH
=lUWOLFKNHLWLVWNHLQHVZHJVZLH)UHXGJODXEWHHLQH6XEOLPLHUXQJ
GHV 6H[XDOLQVWLQNWHV VLH LVW GHU XQPLWWHOEDUH $XVGUXFN GHU
1lFKVWHQOLHEHXQGQGHWVLFKVRZRKOLQGHQSK\VLVFKHQDOVDXFK
LQGHQQLFKWSK\VLVFKHQ)RUPHQGHU/LHEH
,Q GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH JLEW HV HLQH $XVVFKOLHOLFKNHLW GLH
VRZRKOGHU1lFKVWHQOLHEHDOVDXFKGHU0XWWHUOLHEHIHKOW'LHVHU
DXVVFKOLHOLFKH &KDUDNWHU GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH HUIRUGHUW QRFK
HLQH QlKHUH %HWUDFKWXQJ +lXJ ZLUG GLH $XVVFKOLHOLFKNHLW
GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH IlOVFKOLFK DOV EHVLW]HUJUHLIHQGH %LQGXQJ
DXVJHOHJW 0DQ QGHW RIW ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ GLH VLFK JHJHQVHLWLJ
OLHEHQ IU DQGHUH MHGRFK NHLQHUOHL /LHEH HPSQGHQ ,KUH
/LHEH LVW LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW HLQ JHPHLQVDPHU (JRLVPXV HV VLQG
0HQVFKHQGLHVLFKVHOEVWQXUPLWGHP3DUWQHULGHQWL]LHUHQXQG
GDV3UREOHPGHU*HWUHQQWKHLWGDGXUFKO|VHQGDVLHGDVHLQ]HOQH
,QGLYLGXXP LQ ]ZHL ,QGLYLGXHQ DXIWHLOHQ 6LH JODXEHQ GLH
(LQVDPNHLW EHUZXQGHQ ]X KDEHQ GD VLH VLFK YRQ GHU EULJHQ
0HQVFKKHLW MHGRFK ]XUFNJH]RJHQ KDEHQ EOHLEHQ VLH DXFK
XQWHUHLQDQGHU JHWUHQQW XQG HLQDQGHU HQWIUHPGHW 'DV (UOHEQLV
GHU9HUHLQLJXQJLVWIUVLHDOVRHLQH,OOXVLRQ'LHHURWLVFKH/LHEH
LVWDXVVFKOLHOLFKOLHEWMHGRFKLPDQGHUHQGLHJDQ]H0HQVFKKHLW
DOOHV/HEHQGH$XVVFKOLHOLFKLVWVLHQXULQVRZHLWDOVLFKPLFK
QXUPLWHLQHPHLQ]LJHQ0HQVFKHQYROOVWlQGLJGDVKHLWVHHOLVFK
XQG N|USHUOLFK YHUVFKPHO]HQ NDQQ (URWLVFKH /LHEH VFKOLHW
/LHEHIUDQGHUHDOVRQXULQVRIHUQDXVDOVHVVLFKXPGLHHURWLVFKH

9HUHLQLJXQJKDQGHOWXPY|OOLJH+LQJDEHLQDOOHQ$VSHNWHQGHV
/HEHQVQLFKWDEHULP6LQQHHLQHUWLHIHQ1lFKVWHQOLHEH:HQQ
HVVLFKZLUNOLFKXP/LHEHKDQGHOWKDWGLHHURWLVFKH/LHEHHLQH
9RUDXVVHW]XQJGDLFKDXVGHP:HVHQPHLQHV6HLQVOLHEHXQG
GHQDQGHUHQLP:HVHQVHLQHV6HLQVHUOHEH,QLKUHP:HVHQVLQG
VLFK DOOH 0HQVFKHQ JOHLFK :LU DOOH VLQG 7HLOH GHV (LQHQ ZLU
VLQGGDV(LQH'DHVVRLVWVROOWHHVHLJHQWOLFKY|OOLJJOHLFKVHLQ
ZHQ ZLU OLHEHQ ,P ZHVHQWOLFKHQ VROOWH GLH /LHEH HLQ$NW GHV
:LOOHQVVHLQHLQH(QWVFKHLGXQJPHLQ/HEHQGHPGHVDQGHUHQ
YROONRPPHQ KLQ]XJHEHQ 8QG GDV LVW DXFK GLH ,GHH GLH KLQWHU
GHU9RUVWHOOXQJYRQGHU8QDX|VOLFKNHLWGHU(KHZLHDXFKKLQWHU
GHQ YLHOHQ )RUPHQ GHU WUDGLWLRQHOOHQ (KH VWHKW EHL GHQHQ VLFK
GLH3DUWQHUQLFKWVHOEVWZlKOHQVRQGHUQIUHLQDQGHUDXVJHVXFKW
ZHUGHQ PLW GHU (UZDUWXQJ GD VLH VLFK JHJHQVHLWLJ OLHEHQ
ZHUGHQ,QGHU]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQZHVWOLFKHQ.XOWXUHUVFKHLQWGLHVH
9RUVWHOOXQJDOVGXUFKDXVIDOVFK0DQJODXEWGDGLH/LHEHGDV
(UJHEQLVHLQHUVSRQWDQHQJHIKOVPlLJHQ5HDNWLRQLVWGDGHU
0HQVFKSO|W]OLFKYRQHLQHPXQZLGHUVWHKEDUHQ*HIKOHUJULIIHQ
ZLUG,QGLHVHU$QVLFKWHUNHQQWPDQQXUGLH%HVRQGHUKHLWHQGHU
EHLGHQEHWHLOLJWHQ,QGLYLGXHQXQGQLFKWGLH7DWVDFKHGDDOOH
0lQQHUHLQ7HLO$GDPVXQGDOOH)UDXHQHLQ7HLO(YDVVLQG0DQ
ZHLJHUWVLFKLQGHUHURWLVFKHQ/LHEHHLQHQZLFKWLJHQ)DNWRU]X
HUNHQQHQ QlPOLFK GHQ GHV :LOOHQV (LQHQ DQGHUHQ ]X OLHEHQ
LVWQLFKWQXUHLQVWDUNHV*HIKOHVLVWHLQH(QWVFKHLGXQJHLQ
8UWHLOHLQ9HUVSUHFKHQ:lUHGLH/LHEHQXUHLQ*HIKOJlEHHV
NHLQH%DVLVIUGDV9HUVSUHFKHQHLQDQGHUIULPPHU]XOLHEHQ
(LQ*HIKONRPPWXQGYHUVFKZLQGHWGDQQYLHOOHLFKWZLHGHU:LH
NDQQLFKEHXUWHLOHQREHVIULPPHUEOHLEHQZLUGZHQQPHLQ
$NWQLFKW]XJOHLFK8UWHLOXQG(QWVFKHLGXQJLVW"

9RQGLHVHP6WDQGSXQNWDXVN|QQWHPDQGDKLQNRPPHQLQ
GHU/LHEHDXVVFKOLHOLFKHLQHQ$NWGHV:LOOHQVXQGGHU+LQJDEH
]X VHKHQ XQG ]X JODXEHQ GD HV JUXQGVlW]OLFK NHLQH 5ROOH
VSLHOHZHUGLHEHLGHQ3HUVRQHQVHLHQ2EGLH(KHYRQDQGHUHQ
]XVWDQGHJHEUDFKWZXUGHRGHUGDV(UJHEQLVHLQHULQGLYLGXHOOHQ
:DKO ZDU VREDOG GLH (KH HLQPDO JHVFKORVVHQ LVW VROOWH
GHU :LOOH HLJHQWOLFK GHQ )RUWEHVWDQG GHU /LHEH VLFKHUQ 'LHVH
$QVLFKW VFKHLQW GHQ SDUDGR[HQ &KDUDNWHU GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ
1DWXU XQG GHQ GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH ]X YHUNHQQHQ :LU DOOH
VLQG HLQV XQG WURW]GHP LVW MHGHU YRQ XQV HLQ HLQPDOLJHV XQG
QLFKW ZLHGHUKROEDUHV:HVHQ 6RIHUQ ZLU DOOH HLQV VLQG N|QQHQ
ZLU MHGHQ LP 6LQQH GHU 1lFKVWHQOLHEH JOHLFKHUPDHQ OLHEHQ
VRIHUQZLUMHGRFKYHUVFKLHGHQVLQGHUIRUGHUWGLHHURWLVFKH/LHEH
EHVWLPPWH HLQPDOLJH XQG Y|OOLJ LQGLYLGXHOOH (OHPHQWH GLH
]ZDU ]ZLVFKHQ HLQLJHQ 0HQVFKHQ MHGRFK QLFKW ]ZLVFKHQ DOOHQ
EHVWHKHQ
%HLGH$QVLFKWHQ GLH GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH DOV HLQHU Y|OOLJ
LQGLYLGXHOOHQ $Q]LHKXQJ HLQPDOLJ ]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHL EHVRQGHUHQ
0HQVFKHQ XQG GLH GHU HURWLVFKHQ /LHEH DOV OHGLJOLFK HLQHP
$NWGHV:LOOHQVVLQGGDKHUULFKWLJRGHUPDQVROOWHYLHOOHLFKW
VDJHQGLH:DKUKHLWOLHJWZHGHULQGHUHLQHQQRFKLQGHUDQGHUHQ
$XIIDVVXQJ'HVKDOELVWGLH9RUVWHOOXQJYRQHLQHU%LQGXQJGLH
OHLFKW ZLHGHU JHO|VW ZHUGHQ NDQQ ZHQQ PDQ PLW LKU NHLQHQ
(UIROJ KDW JHQDXVR LUULJ ZLH GLH 9RUVWHOOXQJ GD GLHVH
9HUELQGXQJ XQWHU NHLQHQ 8PVWlQGHQ ZLHGHU JHO|VW ZHUGHQ
GUIH

G6HOEVWOLHEH
:lKUHQGGHU%HJULIIGHU/LHEH]XDQGHUHQDOVVHOEVWYHUVWlQG
OLFKKLQJHQRPPHQZLUGLVWGHU*ODXEHZHLWYHUEUHLWHWGDHV
]ZDUHLQH7XJHQGLVWDQGHUH]XOLHEHQDEHUHLQH6QGHVLFK
VHOEVW]XOLHEHQ0DQLVWGHU$QVLFKWGDPDQLQGHP0DHLQ
GHPPDQVLFKVHOEVWOLHEWGLHDQGHUHQQLFKWOLHEWGD6HOEVWOLHEH
DOVR GDVVHOEH LVW ZLH 6HOEVWVXFKW 'LHVH $QVLFKW UHLFKW LP
ZHVWOLFKHQ 'HQNHQ VHKU ZHLW ]XUFN &DOYLQ EH]HLFKQHW GLH
6HOEVWOLHEHDOVHLQH3HVW)UHXGVSULFKWYRQGHU6HOEVWOLHEH
]ZDU LQ SV\FKLDWULVFKHQ :HQGXQJHQ DEHU VHLQ :HUWXUWHLO LVW
GDVVHOEHZLHGDV&DOYLQV)ULKQLVWGLH6HOEVWOLHEHQLFKWVDQGH
UHVDOV1DU]LPXVGLH+LQZHQGXQJGHU/LELGRDXIVLFKVHOEVW
'HU 1DU]LPXV LVW GDV IUKHVWH 6WDGLXP GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ
(QWZLFNOXQJXQGGHU0HQVFKGHUVSlWHU]XGLHVHP6WDGLXP]X
UFNNHKUWLVWXQIlKLJ]XOLHEHQLP([WUHPLVWHUZDKQVLQQLJ
)UHXGQLPPWDQGD/LHEHGLH0DQLIHVWDWLRQGHU6H[XDOLWlWLVW
XQGGDGLH/LELGRVLFKHQWZHGHUDQGHUHQDOV/LHEHRGHUGHU
HLJHQHQ3HUVRQDOV6HOEVWOLHEH]XZHQGHW/LHEHXQG6HOEVWOLHEH
VFKOLHHQVLFKGDKHUJHJHQVHLWLJLQVRIHUQDXVDOVZHQQYRQGHU
HLQHQPHKUYRQGHUDQGHUHQGDQQQXUZHQLJHUYRUKDQGHQVHLQ
NDQQ:HQQGLH6HOEVWOLHEHHLQ/DVWHULVWVRIROJWGDUDXVGD
6HOEVWORVLJNHLWHLQH7XJHQGLVW
+LHU HUKHEHQ VLFK IROJHQGH )UDJHQ 8QWHUVWW]W GLH
SV\FKRORJLVFKH%HREDFKWXQJGLH7KHVHGD HLQ JUXQGOHJHQGHU
:LGHUVSUXFK]ZLVFKHQGHU/LHEH]XVLFKVHOEVWXQGGHU/LHEH
]XDQGHUHQEHVWHKW",VWGLH/LHEH]XVLFKVHOEVWGDVJOHLFKHZLH
6HOEVWVXFKW RGHU VLQG VLFK EHLGH HLQDQGHU HQWJHJHQJHVHW]W"

-RKDQQ&DOYLQ&KULVWLDQDHUHOLJLRQLV,QVWLWXWLRGW8QWHUULFKWLQGHUFKULVWOLFKHQ
5HOLJLRQ

)HUQHU,VWGLH6HOEVWVXFKWGHVPRGHUQHQ0HQVFKHQZLUNOLFK
HLQH /LHEH ]X VLFK VHOEVW PLW DOO LKUHQ LQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ XQG
HPRWLHOOHQ 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ" ,VW 6HOEVWVXFKW GDVVHOEH ZLH
6HOEVWOLHEHRGHULVWVLHQLFKWJHUDGHGDV5HVXOWDWGHV0DQJHOV
DQ6HOEVWOLHEH"
%HYRU ZLU XQV PLW GHP SV\FKRORJLVFKHQ $VSHNW YRQ
6HOEVWVXFKW XQG 6HOEVWOLHEH EHIDVVHQ PVVHQ ZLU DXI GHQ
ORJLVFKHQ7UXJVFKOXKLQZHLVHQGHULQGHU9RUVWHOOXQJOLHJW
GDGLH/LHEH]XDQGHUHQXQGGLH/LHEH]XVLFKVHOEVWHLQDQGHU
DXVVFKOLHHQ:HQQHVHLQH7XJHQGLVWPHLQHQ1lFKVWHQDOV
PHQVFKOLFKHV:HVHQ]XOLHEHQPXHVDXFKHLQH7XJHQGXQG
QLFKWHLQ/DVWHUVHLQPLFKVHOEVW]XOLHEHQGDLFKMDDXFKHLQ
PHQVFKOLFKHV:HVHQELQ(VJLEWNHLQHQ%HJULIIGHV0HQVFKHQ
LQ GHQ LFK VHOEVW QLFKW DXFK HLQEH]RJHQ ELQ (LQ *UXQGVDW]
GHU GLHV EHKDXSWHW ZlUH LQ VLFK ZLGHUVSUXFKVYROO 'LH LQ
GHU %LEHO DXVJHGUFNWH9RUVWHOOXQJ/LHEHGHLQHQ1lFKVWHQ
ZLHGLFKVHOEVWEHVDJWGDGLH$FKWXQJYRUGHUHLJHQHQ
,QWHJULWlW XQG (LQPDOLJNHLWGLH/LHEH]XVLFKVHOEVWXQGGDV
9HUVWlQGQLVIUVLFKVHOEVWQLFKWYRQGHU$FKWXQJGHU/LHEH
XQG GHP 9HUVWlQGQLV JHWUHQQW ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ GLH LFK IU
DQGHUHHPSILQGH'LH/LHEH]XPLUVHOEVWLVWPLWGHU/LHEH
]XHLQHPDQGHUHQ:HVHQXQWUHQQEDUYHUEXQGHQ
'DPLW VLQG ZLU ]X GHQ JUXQGOHJHQGHQ SV\FKRORJLVFKHQ
9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQ JHNRPPHQ DXI GHQHQ GLH )ROJHUXQJHQ
XQVHUHU $UJXPHQWDWLRQ DXIJHEDXW VLQG *DQ] DOOJHPHLQ
JHVHKHQ EHVWHKHQ IROJHQGH 9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQ 1LFKW QXU
DQGHUH DXFK ZLU VHOEVW VLQG 2EMHNWH XQVHUHU *HIKOH
XQG +DOWXQJHQ GLH +DOWXQJHQ VRZRKO DQGHUHQ DOV DXFK

XQV VHOEVW JHJHQEHU ZLGHUVSUHFKHQ VLFK QLFKW VRQGHUQ
ODXIHQSDUDOOHO,P+LQEOLFNDXIXQVHU3UREOHPEHGHXWHWGLHV
'LH /LHEH ]X DQGHUHQ XQG GLH /LHEH ]X XQV VHOEVW LVW NHLQH
$OWHUQDWLYH*DQ]LP*HJHQWHLO'LH/LHEH]XXQVVHOEVWQGHW
VLFKEHLDOOHQGLHIlKLJVLQGDQGHUH]XOLHEHQ'LH/LHEHLVWLP
3ULQ]LS XQWHLOEDU VRZHLW HV VLFK GDEHL XP GLH %H]LHKXQJ ]X
2EMHNWHQ XQG ]X XQV VHOEVW KDQGHOW :LUNOLFKH /LHEH LVW
HLQ$XVGUXFNGHULQQHUHQ3URGXNWLYLWlWXQGXPIDW)UVRUJH
5HVSHNW9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLWXQG:LVVHQ6LHLVWNHLQ$IIHNW
LQ GHP 6LQQ GHV SDVVLYHQ *HWULHEHQZHUGHQV VRQGHUQ HLQ
DNWLYHV 6WUHEHQ QDFK GHU (QWIDOWXQJ XQG GHP *OFN GHU
JHOLHEWHQ 3HUVRQ GDV LQ GHU HLJHQHQ )lKLJNHLW ]XU /LHEH
ZXU]HOW
'LH 7DWVDFKH GD PDQ HLQHQ DQGHUHQ OLHEW LVW GLH
9HUZLUNOLFKXQJ GHU .UDIW EHUKDXSW ]X OLHEHQ 'LH
JUXQGVlW]OLFKHLQGHU/LHEHHQWKDOWHQH%HMDKXQJLVWDXIGLH
JHOLHEWH 3HUVRQ DOV 9HUN|USHUXQJ GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQG VHLQHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ JHULFKWHW 'LH /LHEH ]X HLQHP
0HQVFKHQ XPIDW GLH /LHEH ]X GHQ 0HQVFKHQ DOV VROFKH
'LH$UW GHU $UEHLWVWHLOXQJ EHL GHU PDQ ]ZDU GLH HLJHQH
)DPLOLHOLHEWIUGHQ)UHPGHQMHGRFKQLFKWVHPSQGHWLVW
HLQ=HLFKHQIUGLHJUXQGVlW]OLFKH8QIlKLJNHLW]XOLHEHQ'LH
/LHEH]XP0HQVFKHQLVWQLFKWZLHKlXJDQJHQRPPHQZLUG
HLQH $EVWUDNWLRQ GLH KLQWHU GHU /LHEH ]X HLQHU EHVRQGHUHQ
3HUVRQ UDQJLHUW VRQGHUQ LKUH 9RUDXVVHW]XQJ REJOHLFK VLH
LKUHU (QWVWHKXQJ QDFK VLFK GXUFK GLH /LHEH ]X EHVRQGHUHQ
,QGLYLGXHQHQWZLFNHOW

'DUDXVIROJWGDPHLQHLJHQHV6HOEVWJHQDXVRHLQ2EMHNW
PHLQHU /LHEH VHLQ PX ZLH LUJHQGHLQH DQGHUH 3HUVRQ 'LH
%HMDKXQJ GHV HLJHQHQ /HEHQV *OFNV XQG (QWIDOWHQV VRZLH
GHU HLJHQHQ )UHLKHLW EHUXKW LQ GHU HLJHQHQ )lKLJNHLW GHV
/LHEHQV GDV KHLW LQ )UVRUJH 5HVSHNW 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW
XQG:LVVHQ:HQQHLQ,QGLYLGXXPLQGHU/DJHLVWVFK|SIHULVFK
]X OLHEHQ OLHEW HV VLFK VHOEVW DXFK ZHQQ HV MHGRFK QXU GHQ
DQGHUHQOLHEHQNDQQLVWHVXQIlKLJ]XOLHEHQ
$QJHQRPPHQGLH/LHEH]XVLFKVHOEVWXQG]XDQGHUHQOlXIW
LP3ULQ]LSSDUDOOHOZLHHUNOlUHQZLUGDQQGLH6HOEVWVXFKWGLH
RIIHQVLFKWOLFK MHGHV ZLUNOLFKH ,QWHUHVVH IU DQGHUH DXVVFKOLHW"
'LHVHOEVWVFKWLJH3HUVRQLVWQXUDQVLFKVHOEVWLQWHUHVVLHUWZLOO
DOOHVQXUIUVLFKXQGHPSQGHWNHLQH)UHXGHLP*HEHQVRQGHUQ
OHGLJOLFKDP1HKPHQ'LH8PZHOWLQWHUHVVLHUWQXUVRZHLWPDQ
HWZDV DXV LKU KHUDXVKROHQ NDQQ GDV ,QWHUHVVH DQ DQGHUHQ
IHKOWXQGJHQDXVRLVWHVPLWGHP5HVSHNWJHJHQEHUGHU:UGH
XQG ,QWHJULWlW DQGHUHU 'HU 6HOEVWVFKWLJH VLHKW QXU VLFK
VHOEVW EHXUWHLOW DOOH XQG DOOHV QDFK GHU 1W]OLFKNHLW IU VLFK
VHOEVWXQGLVWJUXQGVlW]OLFKQLFKWIlKLJ]XOLHEHQ%HZHLVWGLHVH
)HVWVWHOOXQJ QLFKW GD GDV ,QWHUHVVH IU VLFK VHOEVW XQG GDV
,QWHUHVVHDQDQGHUHQXQYHUPHLGEDUH$OWHUQDWLYHQVLQG"5LFKWLJ
ZlUHGLHVH$QQDKPHZHQQ6HOEVWVXFKWXQG6HOEVWOLHEHHLQXQG
GDVVHOEHZlUHQ*HUDGHGDVDEHU LVW GHU ,UUWXP GHU LQQHUKDOE
GLHVHV 3UREOHPV ]X VR YLHOHQ IDOVFKHQ 6FKOVVHQ JHIKUW KDW
6HOEVWVXFKW XQG 6HOEVWOLHEH VLQG NHLQHVZHJV PLWHLQDQGHU
LGHQWLVFKVRQGHUQLQ:LUNOLFKNHLW*HJHQVlW]H'HUVHOEVWVFKWLJH
0HQVFK OLHEW VLFK VHOEVW QLFKW ]XYLHO VRQGHUQ ]XZHQLJ 'HU
0DQJHO DQ /LHEH XQG )UVRUJH IU VLFK GHU OHGLJOLFK HLQ
$XVGUXFN GHV 0DQJHOV DQ LQQHUHU 3URGXNWLYLWlW LVW OlW LKQ

OHHUXQGHQWWlXVFKW]XUFN1RWZHQGLJHUZHLVHLVWHUXQJOFNOLFK
XQGlQJVWOLFKGDUDXIEHGDFKWVLFKGDV*OFNGDVHUVLFKVHOEVW
YHUEDXWKDWJLHULJGXUFKDOOH$UWHQYRQ%HIULHGLJXQJHQGHP
/HEHQ]XHQWUHLHQ(UVFKHLQW]XYLHOIUVLFKVHOEVW]XVRUJHQ
PDFKW MHGRFK WDWVlFKOLFK QXU GHQ PLOXQJHQHQ 9HUVXFK GDV
HLJHQH9HUVDJHQLQGHU)UVRUJHIUVHLQZLUNOLFKHV6HOEVW]X
EHUGHFNHQXQG]XNRPSHQVLHUHQ)UHXGYHUWULWWGLH$QVLFKW
GD GLH VHOEVWVFKWLJH 3HUVRQ QDU]LWLVFK VHL DOV KlWWH VLH
LKUH /LHEH DQGHUHQ HQW]RJHQ XQG VLH GDQQ DXI VLFK VHOEVW
JHULFKWHW (V VWLPPW GD VHOEVWVFKWLJH 0HQVFKHQ XQIlKLJ
VLQGDQGHUH]XOLHEHQVLHVLQGMHGRFKJHQDXVRXQIlKLJVLFK
VHOEVW]XOLHEHQ
'LH 6HOEVWVXFKW LVW OHLFKWHU ]X YHUVWHKHQ ZHQQ PDQ VLH
PLW GHP EHVLW]JLHULJHQ ,QWHUHVVH YHUJOHLFKW GDV PDQ ]XP
%HLVSLHOEHLHLQHUEHUlQJVWOLFKHQ0XWWHUQGHW:lKUHQGVLH
HKUOLFKEHU]HXJWLVWLKUHP.LQGEHVRQGHUV]XJHWDQ]XVHLQ
HPSQGHWVLHWDWVlFKOLFKHLQHDOOHUGLQJVIDVWY|OOLJYHUGUlQJWH
)HLQGVFKDIW JHJHQ GDV 2EMHNW LKUHU =XQHLJXQJ hEHUEHVRUJW
LVWVLHQLFKWZHLOVLHGDV.LQG]XVHKUOLHEWVRQGHUQZHLOVLH
HLQHQ$XVJOHLFK KDEHQ PX IU LKUHQ 0DQJHO DQ )lKLJNHLW
GDV.LQGEHUKDXSW]XOLHEHQ
'LHVH 7KHRULH YRP :HVHQ GHU 6HOEVWVXFKW HQWVSULFKW
GHQ SV\FKRDQDO\WLVFKHQ (UIDKUXQJHQ PLW GHU QHXURWLVFKHQ
6HOEVWORVLJNHLWHLQHP6\PSWRPGHU1HXURVHGDVPDQEHL
QLFKW ZHQLJHQ 0HQVFKHQ EHREDFKWHW GLH JHZ|KQOLFK QLFKW
YRQGLHVHP6\PSWRPVRQGHUQYRQDQGHUHQJHTXlOWZHUGHQ
GLH GDPLW ]XVDPPHQKlQJHQ ZLH 'HSUHVVLRQ 0GLJNHLW
$UEHLWVXQIlKLJNHLW 9HUVDJHQ LQ /LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQ XQG

VR ZHLWHU (V LVW MHGRFK QLFKW VR GD 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW DOV
6\PSWRP HPSIXQGHQ ZLUG KlXJ JLOW VLH DOV GHU HLQ]LJH
EHIULHGLJHQGH &KDUDNWHU]XJ DXI GHQ PDQ VWRO] LVW 'HU
VHOEVWORVH 0HQVFK ZLOO QLFKWV IU VLFK HU OHEW QXU IU
DQGHUH XQG LVW VWRO] GDUDXI VLFK VHOEVW QLFKW ZLFKWLJ ]X
QHKPHQ(ULVWHUVWDXQWZHQQHUIHVWVWHOOWGDHUWURW]VHLQHU
6HOEVWORVLJNHLW XQJOFNOLFK LVW XQG GD VHLQ 9HUKlOWQLV ]X
VHLQHQ 1lFKVWHQ XQEHIULHGLJHQG LVW 'LH$QDO\VH ]HLJW GD
VHLQH 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW ]X GHQ EULJHQ 6\PSWRPHQ JHK|UW MD
RIW HLQHV GHU ZLFKWLJVWHQ LVW GD GLHVHU 0HQVFK LQ VHLQHU
)lKLJNHLW ]X OLHEHQ XQG ]XU )UHXGH JHOlKPW LVW GD HU
YRQ )HLQGVFKDIW JHJHQ GDV /HEHQ HUIOOW LVW XQG GD VLFK
KLQWHUGHU)DVVDGHGHU6HOEVWORVLJNHLWHLQHVWDUNHZHQQDXFK
XQEHZXWH (JR]HQWUL]LWlW YHUELUJW 'LHVHU 0HQVFK NDQQ QXU
JHKHLOW ZHUGHQ ZHQQ PDQ DXFK LQ VHLQHU 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW
HLQ GHQ DQGHUHQ HQWVSUHFKHQGHV 6\PSWRP VLHKW VR GD
GHU 0DQJHO DQ 3URGXNWLYLWlW G K GLH :XU]HO VRZRKO GHU
6HOEVWORVLJNHLWDOVDXFKDQGHUHU6W|UXQJHQEHKREHQZHUGHQ
NDQQ
'DV :HVHQ GHU 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW ZLUG EHVRQGHUV LQ VHLQHU
:LUNXQJDXIDQGHUHGHXWOLFKLQXQVHUHU.XOWXUDPKlXJVWHQ
LQGHU:LUNXQJGHUVHOEVWORVHQ0XWWHUDXILKUH.LQGHU6LH
JODXEW GD GLH .LQGHU GXUFK LKUH 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW HUNHQQHQ
ZDV HV KHLW JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ XQG GD VLH DQGHUHUVHLWV
GDGXUFK HUNHQQHQ XQG OHUQHQ ZDV OLHEHQ KHLW 'LH
:LUNXQJ LKUHU 6HOEVWORVLJNHLW HQWVSULFKW MHGRFK NHLQHVZHJV
LKUHQ (UZDUWXQJHQ 'LH .LQGHU ]HLJHQ QLFKW GDV *OFN
YRQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH EHU]HXJW VLQG JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ VLH
VLQG lQJVWOLFK DQJHVSDQQW IUFKWHQ GLH 0LELOOLJXQJ GHU

0XWWHU XQG EHPKHQ VLFK VWlQGLJ LKUHQ (UZDUWXQJHQ ]X
HQWVSUHFKHQ *HZ|KQOLFK ZHUGHQ VLH YRQ GHU YHUVWHFNWHQ
/HEHQVIHLQGOLFKNHLWXQG/HEHQVDQJVWLKUHU0XWWHUDQJHVWHFNW
GLH VLH QLFKW VR VHKU EHZXW HUNHQQHQ DOV YLHOPHKU VSUHQ
$OOHV LQ DOOHP LVW GLH :LUNXQJ GHU VHOEVWORVHQ 0XWWHU YRQ
GHUGHUVHOEVWVFKWLJHQJDUQLFKWVRYHUVFKLHGHQYLHOPHKULVW
VLHKlXJQRFKVFKOLPPHUZHLOGLH6HOEVWORVLJNHLWGHU0XWWHU
GLH .LQGHU GDYRQ DEKlOW VLH ]X NULWLVLHUHQ 6LH OHEHQ XQWHU
GHP=ZDQJGLH0XWWHUQLFKW]XHQWWlXVFKHQXQWHUGHU0DVNH
GHU7XJHQGOHKUWPDQVLHGDV/HEHQ]XYHUDFKWHQ:HQQPDQ
GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW KDW GLH :LUNXQJ HLQHU 0XWWHU PLW HFKWHU
6HOEVWOLHEH]XEHREDFKWHQNDQQPDQIHVWVWHOOHQGDHVIUHLQ
.LQGXQGVHLQ(UOHEQLVGHVVHQZDV/LHEH)UHXGHXQG*OFN
VLQGQLFKWV)|UGHUOLFKHUHVJLEWDOVYRQHLQHU0XWWHUJHOLHEW]X
ZHUGHQGLHVLFKVHOEVWOLHEW
'LHVH,GHHGHU6HOEVWOLHEHNDQQQLFKWEHVVHU]XVDPPHQJHIDW
ZHUGHQ DOV LQ HLQHP =LWDW 0HLVWHU (FNHKDUWV +DVW GX GLFK
VHOEVW OLHE VR KDVW GX DOOH 0HQVFKHQ OLHE ZLH GLFK VHOEVW
6RODQJH GX HLQHQ HLQ]LJHQ 0HQVFKHQ ZHQLJHU OLHE KDVW DOV
GLFKVHOEVWVRKDVWGXGLFKVHOEVWQLHZDKUKDIWOLHEJHZRQQHQ
ZHQQGXQLFKWDOOH0HQVFKHQVROLHEKDVWZLHGLFKVHOEVWLQ
HLQHP 0HQVFKHQ DOOH 0HQVFKHQ XQG GLHVHU 0HQVFK LVW *RWW
XQG 0HQVFK 6R VWHKW HV UHFKW PLW HLQHP VROFKHQ 0HQVFKHQ
GHU VLFK VHOEVW OLHE KDW XQG DOOH 0HQVFKHQ VR OLHE ZLH VLFK
VHOEVWXQGPLWGHPLVWHVJDUUHFKWEHVWHOOW

0HLVWHU (FNHKDUW 'HXWVFKH 3UHGLJWHQ XQG 7UDNWDWH +VJ XQG EHUV YRQ -RVHI
4XLQW0QFKHQ63UHGLJW

H*RWWHVOLHEH
9RUKLQ ZXUGH IHVWJHVWHOOW GD GLH *UXQGODJH IU XQVHU
9HUODQJHQ QDFK /LHEH LQ GHP (UOHEQLV GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW
XQG GHP GDUDXV UHVXOWLHUHQGHQ 9HUODQJHQ OLHJW GLH $QJVW
GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW GXUFK GDV (UOHEQLV GHU 9HUHLQLJXQJ ]X
EHUZLQGHQ'LHUHOLJL|VH)RUPGHU/LHEHGLH/LHEH]X*RWW
LVW SV\FKRORJLVFK JHVHKHQ QLFKWV DQGHUHV 6LH HQWVSULQJW
HEHQIDOOVGHP9HUODQJHQGLH*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHUZLQGHQXQG
(LQKHLW ]X HUOHEHQ 7DWVlFKOLFK KDW GLH /LHEH ]X *RWW JHQDXVR
YLHOH)RUPHQXQG$VSHNWHZLHGLH/LHEH]XP0HQVFKHQXQG]X
HLQHPJURHQ7HLOQGHQZLUDXFKGLHJOHLFKHQ8QWHUVFKLHGH
,QDOOHQWKHLVWLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQHQVHLHQVLHQXQSRO\WKHLVWLVFK
RGHU PRQRWKHLVWLVFK YHUN|USHUW *RWW GHQ K|FKVWHQ :HUW GDV
K|FKVWH *XW 'DKHU KlQJW GLH EHVRQGHUH %HGHXWXQJ *RWWHV
LPPHU YRQ GHP DE ZDV GHP 0HQVFKHQ DOV GDV K|FKVWH *XW
HUVFKHLQW'LH$QDO\VHGHV*RWWHVEHJULIIHV PX GDKHU EHL GHU
$QDO\VHGHUFKDUDNWHUOLFKHQ6WUXNWXUGHV0HQVFKHQEHJLQQHQ
GHU*RWWDQEHWHW
'LH(QWZLFNOXQJGHU0HQVFKKHLWNDQQVRZHLWVLHXQVEHNDQQW
LVWDOV/RVO|VXQJGHV0HQVFKHQYRQGHU1DWXUYRQGHU0XWWHU
YRQGHQ%LQGXQJHQDQ%OXWXQG%RGHQJHNHQQ]HLFKQHWZHUGHQ
$P $QIDQJ GHU 0HQVFKKHLWVJHVFKLFKWH NODPPHUW VLFK GHU
0HQVFK REZRKO DXV GHU XUVSUQJOLFKHQ (LQKHLW PLW GHU 1DWXU
JHVWRHQ LPPHU QRFK DQ GLHVH SULPlUHQ %LQGXQJHQ (U QGHW
VHLQH 6LFKHUKHLW GDULQ GD HU VLFK DQ GLHVH XUVSUQJOLFKHQ
%LQGXQJHQKlOW,PPHUQRFKIKOWHUVLFKLGHQWLVFKPLWGHU:HOW
GHU7LHUHXQG%lXPHXQGYHUVXFKWGLH(LQKHLWGDULQ]XQGHQ
GD HU PLW GHU 1DWXU HLQV EOHLEW 9LHOH SULPLWLYHQ 5HOLJLRQHQ

]HXJHQIUGLHVHV(QWZLFNOXQJVVWDGLXP(LQ7LHUZLUGDOV7RWHP
YHUHKUW PDQ WUlJW 7LHUPDVNHQ EHL GHQ EHVRQGHUV IHLHUOLFKHQ
UHOLJL|VHQ +DQGOXQJHQ RGHU LP .ULHJ RGHU PDQ EHWHW HLQ7LHU
DOV *RWW DQ ,Q HLQHP VSlWHUHQ (QWZLFNOXQJVVWDGLXP DOV GLH
PHQVFKOLFKH*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLWVLFKELV]X+DQGZHUNXQG.XQVW
IRUWHQWZLFNHOW KDW XQG GHU 0HQVFK QLFKW PHKU DXVVFKOLHOLFK
DXIGLH*DEHQGHU1DWXUDQJHZLHVHQLVWDOVRDXIGLH)UFKWH
GLHHUQGHWXQGDXIGLH7LHUHGLHHUHUOHJWYHUZDQGHOWGHU
0HQVFKGDV3URGXNWVHLQHUHLJHQHQ+lQGHLQHLQHQ*RWW(VLVW
GDV6WDGLXPLQGHP*|W]HQDXV7RQ6LOEHURGHU*ROGDQJHEHWHW
ZHUGHQ 'HU 0HQVFK SURML]LHUW VHLQH HLJHQHQ .UlIWH XQG VHLQH
HLJHQH*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLWLQGLHYRQLKPKHUJHVWHOOWHQ'LQJHXQG
EHWHWQXQLQHQWIUHPGHWHU)RUPVHLQHHLJHQH0DFKWXQGVHLQHQ
%HVLW] DQ ,Q HLQHP QRFK VSlWHUHQ 6WDGLXP JLEW GHU 0HQVFK
VHLQHQ*|WWHUQGLH*HVWDOWPHQVFKOLFKHU:HVHQ(VVFKHLQWGD
HVGD]XQXUGDQQNRPPHQNDQQZHQQGHU0HQVFKVHLQHUVHOEVW
GHXWOLFKHUJHZDKUJHZRUGHQLVWXQGZHQQHUHQWGHFNWKDWGD
GHU0HQVFKGDVK|FKVWHXQGHUKDEHQVWH'LQJGHU:HOWLVW,Q
GLHVHU 3KDVH GHU DQWKURSRPRUSKHQ *RWWHVDQEHWXQJ QGHQ ZLU
HLQH(QWZLFNOXQJGLHLQ]ZHL5LFKWXQJHQJHKW'LHHLQHEH]LHKW
VLFKDXIGDVZHLEOLFKHEH]LHKXQJVZHLVHPlQQOLFKH*HVFKOHFKW
GHU*|WWHUGLHDQGHUHDXIGHQ*UDGGHU5HLIHGHQGHU0HQVFK
HUUHLFKWKDWXQGGHUGDV:HVHQVHLQHU*|WWHUVRZLHGLH$UWVHLQHU
/LHEH]XLKQHQEHVWLPPW
6SUHFKHQ ZLU ]XHUVW YRQ GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU 5HOLJLRQHQ
LQ GHUHQ 0LWWHOSXQNW GLH 0XWWHU VWHKW ]X MHQHQ GLH XP GHQ
9DWHU *RWW ]HQWULHUW VLQG (QWVSUHFKHQG GHQ JURHQ XQG
HQWVFKHLGHQGHQ(QWGHFNXQJHQ%DFKRIHQVXQG0RUJDQVLQGHU
0LWWHGHV-DKUKXQGHUWVXQGWURW]GHU$EOHKQXQJDXIGLHLKUH

)XQGH LQ GHQ PHLVWHQ DNDGHPLVFKHQ .UHLVHQ JHVWRHQ VLQG
NDQQHVNDXPHLQHQ=ZHLIHOGDUDQJHEHQGDHV]XPLQGHVWLQ
YLHOHQ.XOWXUHQHLQHPDWULDUFKDOLVFKH3KDVHGHU5HOLJLRQHQ
JHJHEHQ KDW GLH GHU SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ YRUDXVJLQJ ,Q GHU
PDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ 3KDVH LVW GLH 0XWWHU GDV K|FKVWH :HVHQ
6LH LVW GLH *|WWLQ VLH LVW DXFK GLH $XWRULWlW LQ )DPLOLH XQG
*HVHOOVFKDIW 8P GDV :HVHQ GHU PDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ 5HOLJLRQ
]X YHUVWHKHQ EUDXFKHQ ZLU XQV QXU DQ GDV ]X HULQQHUQ ZDV
EHUGDV:HVHQGHU0XWWHUOLHEHJHVDJWZXUGH'LH0XWWHUOLHEH
LVWEHGLQJXQJVORVLVWDOOEHZDKUHQGXQGDOOI|UGHUQGZHLOVLH
EHGLQJXQJVORVLVWLVWVLHZHGHUNRQWUROOLHUEDUQRFKHUULQJEDU
,KU 'DVHLQ JLEW GHP JHOLHEWHQ 0HQVFKHQ GDV *HIKO GHV
6HJHQV LKU )HKOHQ UXIW HLQ *HIKO YRQ 9HUORUHQKHLW XQG
9HU]ZHLXQJKHUYRU'DGLH0XWWHULKUH.LQGHUOLHEWZHLOHV
LKUH.LQGHUVLQGQLFKWDEHUZHLOVLHJXWXQGJHKRUVDPVLQG
RGHUZHLOVLHLKUH:QVFKHXQG$QRUGQXQJHQHUIOOHQEHUXKW
GLH 0XWWHUOLHEH DXI *OHLFKKHLW $OOH 0HQVFKHQ VLQG JOHLFK
ZHLOVLH.LQGHUHLQHUHLQ]LJHQ0XWWHUVLQGZHLOVLH.LQGHUGHU
0XWWHU(UGHVLQG
'DV QlFKVWH 6WDGLXP GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ (YROXWLRQ GDV
HLQ]LJH YRQ GHP ZLU JHQDXH .HQQWQLV KDEHQ XQG EHL GHP
ZLUQLFKWDXI5HNRQVWUXNWLRQHQDQJHZLHVHQVLQGLVWGLHSD
WULDUFKDOLVFKH 3KDVH ,Q GLHVHU 3KDVH ZLUG GLH 0XWWHU YRQ
LKUHUK|FKVWHQ6WHOOXQJHQWWKURQWGHU9DWHUZLUG]XPK|FKV
WHQ :HVHQ XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO LQ GHU 5HOLJLRQ DOV DXFK LQ GHU
*HVHOOVFKDIW:HVHQWOLFKEHLGHU/LHEHGHV9DWHUVLVWGDVLH
)RUGHUXQJHQ VWHOOW GD VLH 3ULQ]LSLHQ XQG *HVHW]H DXIVWHOOW
XQG GD GLH /LHEH ]X GHP 6RKQ YRQ GHVVHQ *HKRUVDP JH
JHQEHUGHQ)RUGHUXQJHQDEKlQJW$POLHEVWHQKDWHUMHQHQ

6RKQ GHU LKP DP PHLVWHQ lKQHOW GHU DP JHKRUVDPVWHQ
LVW XQG GHU DP JHHLJQHWVWHQ VFKHLQW VHLQ 1DFKIROJHU DOV
(UEH VHLQHV %HVLW]HV ]X VHLQ 'LH (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU SDWULDU
FKDOLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW OlXIW SDUDOOHO PLW GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ
GHV 3ULYDWHLJHQWXPV 'HPQDFK LVW DOVR GLH SDWULDUFKDOLVFKH
*HVHOOVFKDIW KLHUDUFKLVFK GLH XUVSUQJOLFKH *OHLFKKHLW GHU
%UGHUZHLFKWGHU8QJOHLFKKHLWXQGGHP6WUHEHQHLQHVMHGHQ
GHU(UVWH]XVHLQ2EZLUDQGLHLQGLVFKHDQGLHlJ\SWLVFKH
RGHUDQGLHJULHFKLVFKH.XOWXUDQGLHMGLVFKFKULVWOLFKHRGHU
DQGLHLVODPLVFKH5HOLJLRQGHQNHQLPPHUEHQGHQZLUXQVLQ
HLQHUSDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ:HOWPLWPlQQOLFKHQ*|WWHUQEHUGLH
HLQ+DXSWJRWWKHUUVFKWRGHUEHLGHUPLW$XVQDKPHGHV(LQHQ
GHV*RWWHVGLHDQGHUHQYHUVFKZDQGHQ'DGDV9HUODQJHQQDFK
0XWWHUOLHEH MHGRFK LQ GHQ +HU]HQ GHU 0HQVFKHQ QLFKW DXV
JHPHU]W ZHUGHQ NDQQ LVW HV NHLQH hEHUUDVFKXQJ GD GLH
*HVWDOW GHU OLHEHQGHQ 0XWWHU QLH JDQ] DXV GHP 3DQWKHRQ
YHUWULHEHQ ZHUGHQ NRQQWH ,Q GHU MGLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQWUHWHQ
GLH 0XWWHUDVSHNWH *RWWHV EHVRQGHUV LQ GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ
6WU|PXQJHQGHV0\VWL]LVPXVZLHGHUDXI,QGHUNDWKROLVFKHQ
5HOLJLRQZLUGGLH0XWWHUYRQGHU0XWWHU.LUFKHXQGYRQGHU
-XQJIUDX0DULDV\PEROLVLHUW6HOEVWLP3URWHVWDQWLVPXVLVWGLH
*HVWDOWGHU0XWWHUQLFKWY|OOLJDXVJHO|VFKWZHQQVLHDXFKLP
YHUERUJHQHQEOHLEW /XWKHU VWHOOWH DOV EHGHXWHQGVWHQ /HLWVDW]
GLH7KHVHDXIGDQLFKWVZDVGHU0HQVFKWlWHGLH/LHEH*RWWHV
KHUYRUUXIHQN|QQH*RWWHV/LHEHVHL*QDGHXQGGLHUHOLJL|VH
+DOWXQJOLHJHGDULQ9HUWUDXHQLQGLHVH*QDGH]XKDEHQVLFK
VHOEVW NOHLQ XQG KLOIVEHGUIWLJ ]X PDFKHQ .HLQH JXWH 7DW
N|QQH*RWWEHHLQIOXVVHQRGHUGDIUVRUJHQGD*RWWXQV
OLHEH ZLH GLH NDWKROLVFKHQ /HKUHQ SRVWXOLHUHQ 6R WUlJW GLH

OXWKHULVFKH /HKUH WURW] LKUHV SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ &KDUDNWHUV
HLQYHUVWHFNWHVPDWULDUFKDOLVFKHV(OHPHQWLQVLFK
,FK PXWH GLHVHQ 8QWHUVFKLHG ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ PDWULDUFKDOL
VFKHQ XQG GHQ SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ (OHPHQWHQ LQ GHU 5HOLJLRQ
HUZlKQHQXPGDPLW]X]HLJHQGDGHU&KDUDNWHUGHU/LHEH
]X*RWWYRQGHPUHODWLYHQ*HZLFKWGHUPDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQXQG
GHU SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ$VSHNWH GHU 5HOLJLRQ DEKlQJW 'HU SDWUL
DUFKDOLVFKH$VSHNWOlWPLFK*RWWZLHHLQHQ9DWHU OLHEHQ LFK
JODXEHGDHUJHUHFKWXQGVWUHQJLVWGDHUVWUDIWXQGEHORKQW
XQG GD HU PLFK VFKOLHOLFK ]X VHLQHP /LHEOLQJVVRKQ PDFKHQ
ZLUG ZLH *RWW $EUDKDP DXVHUZlKOWH ZLH ,VDDN VHLQHQ 6RKQ
-DNRE EHYRU]XJWH XQG *RWW GDV$XVHUZlKOWH9RON ,P PDWULDU
FKDOLVFKHQ$VSHNWGHU5HOLJLRQOLHEHLFK*RWWDOVDOOXPIDVVHQGH
0XWWHU,FKKDEH9HUWUDXHQ]XLKUHU/LHEHRELFKDXFKDUPXQG
PDFKWORVELQRGHURELFKJHVQGLJWKDEHLPPHUZLUGVLHPLFK
OLHEHQXQGQLHZLUGVLHHLQHVLKUHUDQGHUHQ.LQGHUPLUYRU]LH
KHQ:DVLPPHUDXFKJHVFKLHKWVLHZLUGPLUKHOIHQZLUGPLFK
UHWWHQ XQG ZLUG PLU YHUJHEHQ 6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK NDQQ PHLQH
/LHEH]X*RWWXQG*RWWHV/LHEH]XPLUQLFKWJHWUHQQWZHUGHQ
:HQQ*RWWHLQ9DWHULVWOLHEWHUPLFKZLHHLQHQ6RKQXQGLFK
OLHEHLKQZLHHLQHQ9DWHU:HQQ*RWWHLQH0XWWHULVWZLUGPHLQH
XQGLKUH/LHEHGDYRQEHVWLPPW
'HU8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQGHQ0XWWHUXQG9DWHUDVSHNWHQGHU
/LHEH]X*RWWLVWMHGRFKQXUHLQ)DNWRULQGHU%HVWLPPXQJGHV
:HVHQVGLHVHU/LHEHGHUDQGHUHLVWGHU*UDGGHU5HLIHGHQGDV
,QGLYLGXXPLQVHLQHP*RWWHVEHJULIIXQGLQVHLQHU/LHEH]X*RWW
HUUHLFKWKDW
1DFKGHP VLFK GLH (YROXWLRQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 5DVVH YRQ GHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWVVWUXNWXULQGHUHQ0LWWHGLH0XWWHUVWDQG]XMHQHU

6WUXNWXUXPVFKLFKWHWHLQGHUHQ0LWWHGHU9DWHUVWHKWN|QQHQ
ZLUGLH(QWZLFNOXQJHLQHUUHLIHUZHUGHQGHQ/LHEHKDXSWVlFKOLFK
LQ GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ 5HOLJLRQ YHUIROJHQ
=X %HJLQQ GLHVHU (QWZLFNOXQJ QGHQ ZLU HLQHQ GHVSRWLVFKHQ
HLIHUVFKWLJHQ*RWWGHUGHQ0HQVFKHQGHQHUVHOEVWHUVFKDIIHQ
KDWDOVVHLQ(LJHQWXPEHWUDFKWHWPLWGHPHUPDFKHQNDQQZDV
LKP JHIlOOW 'DV LVW GLH 3KDVH GHU 5HOLJLRQ LQ GHU *RWW GHQ
0HQVFKHQDXVGHP3DUDGLHVYHUWUHLEWGDPLWHUQLFKWZHLWHUYRP
%DXPGHU(UNHQQWQLVlHXQGVRVHOEVW*RWWZHUGHQN|QQHHV
LVWDXFKGLH3KDVHLQGHU*RWWEHVFKOLHWGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH
GXUFKGLH6LQWXW]XYHUQLFKWHQZHLONHLQHUGHU0HQVFKHQLKP
)UHXGHPDFKWPLW$XVQDKPHVHLQHV/LHEOLQJVVRKQHV1RDK(V
LVWIHUQHUGLH3KDVHLQGHU*RWWYHUODQJWGD$EUDKDPVHLQHQ
HLQ]LJHQ VHLQHQ JHOLHEWHQ 6RKQ ,VDDN W|WHQ VROO XP VHLQH
/LHEH]X*RWWGXUFKGLH7DWlXHUVWHQ*HKRUVDPV]XEHZHLVHQ
*OHLFK]HLWLJEHJLQQWMHGRFKHLQHQHXH3KDVH*RWWVFKOLHWPLW
1RDK HLQHQ %XQG LQ ZHOFKHP HU YHUVSULFKW GLH PHQVFKOLFKH
5DVVH QLH PHKU ]X YHUQLFKWHQ HLQ %QGQLV GXUFK GDV HU VLFK
VHOEVWYHUSLFKWHW(ULVWDEHUQLFKWQXUGXUFKVHLQ9HUVSUHFKHQ
JHEXQGHQ HU LVW DXFK GXUFK VHLQ HLJHQHV 3ULQ]LS JHEXQGHQ
QlPOLFK GXUFK GDV 3ULQ]LS GHU *HUHFKWLJNHLW XQG DXI *UXQG
GHVVHQPX*RWWDXFK$EUDKDPV)RUGHUXQJQDFKJHEHQ6RGRP
]XYHUVFKRQHQZHQQPLQGHVWHQV]HKQ*HUHFKWHGRUWZlUHQ'LH
(QWZLFNOXQJ JHKW MHGRFKQRFKZHLWHUDOVELV]XU8PZDQGOXQJ
*RWWHVDXVGHU*HVWDOWHLQHVGHVSRWLVFKHQ6WDPPHVKlXSWOLQJV

'LHVJLOWEHVRQGHUVIUGLHPRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQHQGHV:HVWHQV,QLQGLVFKHQ
5HOLJLRQHQEHKLHOWGLH0XWWHUJHVWDOWHLQHQHUKHEOLFKHQ7HLOLKUHV(LQXVVHVVR]XP
%HLVSLHO GLH *|WWLQ .DOL LP %XGGKLVPXV XQG LP 7DRLVPXV ZDU GHU %HJULII
HLQHV *RWWHV RGHUHLQHU*|WWLQRKQHZHVHQWOLFKH%HGHXWXQJZHQQQLFKWVRJDU
Y|OOLJDXVJHO|VFKW

LQ HLQHQ OLHEHQGHQ 9DWHU LQ HLQHQ 9DWHU GHU VLFK GXUFK
*UXQGVlW]HJHEXQGHQKDWGLHHUVHOEVWDXIJHVWHOOWKDWVLHJHKW
LQGLH5LFKWXQJGHU8PZDQGOXQJ*RWWHVDXVGHU*HVWDOWHLQHV
9DWHUVLQHLQ6\PEROGHV3ULQ]LSVGHU*HUHFKWLJNHLW:DKUKHLW
XQG/LHEH*RWWLVW/LHEH*RWWLVW*HUHFKWLJNHLW,QQHUKDOE
GLHVHU (QWZLFNOXQJ K|UW *RWW DXI HLQH 3HUVRQ HLQ 0DQQ
HLQ9DWHU]XVHLQHUZLUG]XP3ULQ]LSGHU(LQKHLWKLQWHUGHU
0DQQLJIDOWLJNHLWGHU3KlQRPHQH*RWWNDQQNHLQHQ1DPHQ
KDEHQ1XUHLQ'LQJHLQH3HUVRQHLQ%HJUHQ]WHVNDQQHLQHQ
1DPHQKDEHQ:LHNDQQ*RWWDEHUHLQHQ1DPHQKDEHQZHQQ
HUZHGHUHLQH3HUVRQQRFKHLQ'LQJLVW"
'DV VFKODJHQGVWH %HLVSLHO IU GLHVH (QWZLFNOXQJ OLHJW LQ
GHU ELEOLVFKHQ *HVFKLFKWH YRQ GHU J|WWOLFKHQ 2IIHQEDUXQJ
YRU 0RVHV $OV 0RVHV VDJW GLH +HEUlHU ZUGHQ LKP QLFKW
JODXEHQGD*RWWLKQJHVDQGWKDEHZHQQHULKQHQQLFKWGHQ
1DPHQ*RWWHVQHQQHQN|QQHGHQQZLHN|QQHQ*|W]HQDQEHWHU
HLQHQ QDPHQORVHQ *RWW EHJUHLIHQ GD GRFK GDV :HVHQ HLQHV
,GROVLQVHLQHP1DPHQOLHJW"PDFKW*RWWHLQ=XJHVWlQGQLV
(U VDJW 0RVHV VHLQ 1DPH VHL ,FK ELQ GHU 6HLHQGH GHU
HZLJ :HUGHQGH 'LHV LVW GLH NRUUHNWHUH hEHUVHW]XQJ DQ
6WHOOH GHU EOLFKHQ ,FK ZHUGH VHLQ GHU LFK VHLQ ZHUGH
'LH KHEUlLVFKH )RUP GUFNW GDV ,PSHUIHNWXP QLFKW GLH
=XNXQIW DXV 'LHVHV ,FK ELQ GHU 6HLHQGH XQG :HUGHQGH
EHGHXWHW GD *RWW QLFKW HQGOLFK DOVR NHLQ 0HQVFK XQG
DXFKNHLQ'LQJLVW'LHHQWVSUHFKHQGVWHhEHUVHW]XQJGLHVHV
6DW]HV ZlUH 6DJH LKQHQ GD PHLQ 1DPH 1DPHQORV LVW
'DV 9HUERW LUJHQGHLQ %LOGQLV *RWWHV ]X PDFKHQ VHLQHQ
1DPHQ XQQW] XQG VFKOLHOLFK VHLQHQ 1DPHQ EHUKDXSW
DXV]XVSUHFKHQ KDW GDV JOHLFKH =LHO GHQ 0HQVFKHQ YRQ GHU

9RUVWHOOXQJ ]X EHIUHLHQ GD *RWW HLQ 9DWHU GD HU HLQH
3HUVRQ VHL ,Q GHU IROJHULFKWLJHQ WKHRORJLVFKHQ(QWZLFNOXQJ
ZLUGGHU*HGDQNHVRZHLWHUJHIKUWGDPDQYRQ*RWWVRJDU
NHLQ SRVLWLYHV $WWULEXW DXVVDJHQ GUIH 9RQ *RWW ]X VDJHQ
HU VHL ZHLVH VWDUN XQG JXW EHGHXWHW ZLHGHUXP GD HU HLQH
3HUVRQLVWK|FKVWHQVNDQQLFKVDJHQZDV*RWWQLFKWLVWDOVR
LKPQHJDWLYH$WWULEXWHEHLIJHQXQGIHVWVWHOOHQGDHUQLFKW
HQGOLFK QLFKW OLHEHQG XQG QLFKW XQJHUHFKW LVW -H PHKU LFK
ZHLZDV*RWWQLFKWLVWGHVWRPHKUZHLLFKYRQ*RWW
:HQQ PDQ GLH UHLIHQGH ,GHH GHV 0RQRWKHLVPXV LQ LKUHQ
ZHLWHUHQ .RQVHTXHQ]HQ YHUIROJW NRPPW PDQ ]X GHP
HLQ]LJHQ 6FKOX *RWWHV 1DPHQ EHUKDXSW QLFKW ]X
HUZlKQHQ QLFKW EHU *RWW ]X VSUHFKHQ 'DQQ ZLUG *RWW ]X
GHPZDVHULQGHUPRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ7KHRORJLHVHLQVROOHLQ
QLFKWDXV]XGUFNHQGHV*HVWDPPHOGDVKLQZHLVWDXIGLHGHP
SKlQRPHQDOHQ8QLYHUVXP]XJUXQGHOLHJHQGH(LQKHLWDXIGLH
*UXQGODJH DOOHU ([LVWHQ] *RWW ZLUG :DKUKHLW /LHEH XQG
*HUHFKWLJNHLW
*DQ] RIIHQVLFKWOLFK UKUW DXV GLHVHU (YROXWLRQ YRP
DQWKURSRPRUSKHQ ]XP UHLQ PRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ 3ULQ]LS GHU
JDQ]H8QWHUVFKLHGLP:HVHQGHU/LHEH]X*RWWKHU'HU*RWW
$EUDKDPVNDQQJHOLHEWRGHUJHIUFKWHWZHUGHQHEHQZLHHLQ
9DWHU PDQFKPDO LVW VHLQH 9HUJHEXQJ PDQFKPDO VHLQ =RUQ
GHU EHKHUUVFKHQGH $VSHNW 'D *RWW GHU 9DWHU LVW ELQ LFK
GDV .LQG ,FK KDEH PLFK QRFK QLFKW YRQ GHP IURPPHQ
:XQVFK QDFK $OOZLVVHQKHLW XQG $OOPDFKW JHO|VW ,FK KDEH
QRFK QLFKW MHQH 2EMHNWLYLWlW HUUHLFKW XP PHLQH *UHQ]HQ

9JO 0DLPRQLGHV /HKUH YRQ GHQ QHJDWLYHQ $WWULEXWHQ LP )KUHU GHU
8QVFKOVVLJHQ

DOV PHQVFKOLFKHV :HVHQ PHLQH 8QZLVVHQKHLW XQG PHLQH
+LORVLJNHLW]XHUNHQQHQ:LHHLQ.LQGEHKDXSWHLFKLPPHU
QRFKGDHVHLQHQ9DWHU JHEHQ PXGHUPLUKLOIWGHUPLFK
EHKWHWXQGPLFKEHVWUDIWHLQHQ9DWHUDOVRGHUPLFKOLHEW
ZHQQ LFK JHKRUFKH GHU VLFK JHVFKPHLFKHOW IKOW ZHQQ
LFKLKQSUHLVHXQGGHU]RUQLJLVWZHQQLFKXQJHKRUVDPELQ
*DQ] RIIHQVLFKWOLFK KDW GLH 0HKUKHLW GHU 0HQVFKHQ LQ LKUHU
SHUV|QOLFKHQ(QWZLFNOXQJGLHVHVLQIDQWLOH6WDGLXPQRFKQLFKW
EHUZXQGHQXQGGHPHQWVSUHFKHQGLVWGHU*ODXEHDQ*RWWEHL
GHQPHLVWHQ0HQVFKHQGHU*ODXEHDQHLQHQKHOIHQGHQ9DWHU
HLQHNLQGOLFKH,OOXVLRQ7URW]GHU7DWVDFKHGDGLHVHU%HJULII
GHU5HOLJLRQYRQHLQLJHQJURHQ0HLVWHUQGHU0HQVFKKHLWXQG
YRQ HLQHU 0LQGHUKHLW GHU 0HQVFKHQ EHUZXQGHQ ZXUGH
LVW HU LPPHU QRFK GLH YRUKHUUVFKHQGH )RUP GHV UHOLJL|VHQ
*ODXEHQV
:DVGLHVH)RUPGHV*ODXEHQVDQODQJWLVWGLH.ULWLNDQ
GHU 5HOLJLRQ ZLH VLH )UHXG EW Y|OOLJ ULFKWLJ 'HU )HKOHU
ODJMHGRFKLQGHU7DWVDFKHGD)UHXG GHQ DQGHUHQ$VSHNW
GHUPRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQXQGLKUHQZDKUHQ.HUQGHU
]XU 1HJDWLRQ GLHVHV *RWWHVEHJULIIHV IKUW EHUVHKHQ KDW
'HU ZLUNOLFK UHOLJL|VH 0HQVFK ELWWHW ZHQQ HU GHP :HVHQ
GHUPRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ,GHHIROJWQLFKWXPLUJHQGHWZDVXQG
HUZDUWHWQLFKWVYRQ*RWWHUOLHEW*RWWDXFKQLFKWVRZLHHLQ
.LQG VHLQHQ 9DWHU RGHU VHLQH 0XWWHU OLHEW (U KDW YLHOPHKU
MHQH'HPXWHUUHLFKWLQGHUHUZHLGDHUQLFKWVYRQ*RWW
ZHL*RWWZLUGIULKQHLQ6\PEROLQZHOFKHPGHU0HQVFK
LQ HLQHP IUKHUHQ 6WDGLXP VHLQHU (YROXWLRQ GDV +|FKVWH
DXVJHGUFNW KDW ZDV HU HUVWUHEW /LHEH :DKUKHLW XQG
*HUHFKWLJNHLW(UKDW9HUWUDXHQLQGLH3ULQ]LSLHQGLH*RWW

YHUN|USHUW HU GHQNW ZDKU OHEW LQ /LHEH XQG *HUHFKWLJNHLW
XQG HPSQGHW VHLQ /HEHQ QXU LQVRIHUQ DOV ZHUWYROO DOV HV
LKP GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW JLEW ]X HLQHU YROOHQ (QWIDOWXQJ VHLQHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ.UlIWH]XJHODQJHQDOVGLHHLQ]LJH5HDOLWlWGLH
]lKOWDOVGDVHLQ]LJH2EMHNWOHW]WHU(UNHQQWQLV
8QG VFKOLHOLFK VSULFKW HU QLFKW EHU *RWW HUZlKQW QLFKW
HLQPDOVHLQHQ1DPHQ*RWW]XOLHEHQZHQQZLUGDV:RUWKLHU
JHEUDXFKHQ ZROOHQ ZUGH EHGHXWHQ QDFK GHU (UUHLFKXQJ
GHU YROOHQ )lKLJNHLW GHV /LHEHQV ]X VWUHEHQ QDFK GHU
9HUZLUNOLFKXQJ*RWWHVLQXQVVHOEVW
9RQGLHVHP*HVLFKWVSXQNWDXVLVWGLHORJLVFKH.RQVHTXHQ]
GHV PRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ *HGDQNHQV GLH 1HJDWLRQ GHU JHVDPWHQ
7KHRORJLH GHV JHVDPWHQ :LVVHQV EHU *RWW 8QG GRFK
EOHLEW HLQ 8QWHUVFKLHG ]ZLVFKHQ HLQHU GHUDUWLJHQ UDGLNDOHQ
$QVLFKWXQGHLQHPQLFKWWKHLVWLVFKHQ6\VWHPZLHZLUHV]XP
%HLVSLHOLPIUKHQ%XGGKLVPXVRGHU7DRLVPXVQGHQ
$OOH WKHLVWLVFKHQ DXFK GLH QLFKWWKHRORJLVFKP\VWLVFKHQ
6\VWHPH VHW]HQ HLQH VSLULWXHOOH 5HDOLWlW YRUDXV GLH GHQ
0HQVFKHQ WUDQV]HQGLHUW XQG GHQ JHLVWLJHQ .UlIWHQ GHV
0HQVFKHQ VRZLH VHLQHP 6WUHEHQ QDFK (UO|VXQJ XQG LQQHUHU
*HEXUW %HGHXWXQJ XQG :HUW YHUOHLKW ,P QLFKWWKHLVWLVFKHQ
6\VWHP JLEW HV NHLQH VSLULWXHOOH 5HDOLWlW GLH DXHUKDOE GHV
0HQVFKHQOLHJWXQGLKQWUDQV]HQGLHUW'LH6SKlUHGHU/LHEH
GHU9HUQXQIWXQGGHU*HUHFKWLJNHLWEHVWHKWDOV5HDOLWlWQXU
ZHLOXQGLQVRIHUQGHU0HQVFKIlKLJJHZHVHQLVWGLHVHLQLKP
OLHJHQGHQ.UlIWHLP3UR]HVHLQHU(YROXWLRQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ
,Q GLHVHU 6LFKW KDW GDV /HEHQ NHLQHQ 6LQQ DXHU MHQHP
DOOHLQGHQGHU0HQVFKLKPVHOEVWJLEW

1DFKGHP LFK YRQ GHU /LHEH ]X *RWW JHVSURFKHQ KDEH
P|FKWHLFKNODUVWHOOHQGDLFKSHUV|QOLFKQLFKWLQWKHLVWLVFKHQ
.RQ]HSWHQ GHQNH XQG GD GHU *RWWHVEHJULII IU PLFK QXU
KLVWRULVFK EHGLQJW LVW LQ LKP KDW GHU 0HQVFK GDV (UOHEQLV
VHLQHU K|FKVWHQ .UlIWH XQG VHLQ 6WUHEHQ QDFK :DKUKHLW XQG
(LQKHLWLQHLQHUEHVWLPPWHQKLVWRULVFKHQ3HULRGHDXVJHGUFNW
,FKJODXEHDEHUDXFKGDGLH.RQVHTXHQ]HQGHVNRQVHTXHQWHQ
0RQRWKHLVPXV XQG HLQHV QLFKWWKHLVWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLVVHV GHU
VSLULWXHOOHQ5HDOLWlW]ZHL.RQ]HSWHVLQGGLH]ZDUYHUVFKLHGHQ
VLQGVLFKDEHUJHJHQVHLWLJQLFKWEHNlPSIHQPVVHQ
$QGLHVHP3XQNWHUJLEWVLFKMHGRFKHLQHDQGHUH'LPHQVLRQ
GHV3UREOHPVGHU/LHEH]X*RWWPLWGHUPDQVLFKEHVFKlIWLJHQ
PX XP GLH .RPSOL]LHUWKHLW GHV 3UREOHPV ]X HUIDVVHQ ,FK
EH]LHKH PLFK GDPLW DXI HLQHQ JUXQGOHJHQGHQ 8QWHUVFKLHG
]ZLVFKHQ 2VW &KLQD ,QGLHQ XQG :HVW GHQ PDQ LP
8QWHUVFKLHG ORJLVFKHU %HJULIIH IRUPXOLHUHQ NDQQ 6HLW
$ULVWRWHOHV LVW GLH ZHVWOLFKH :HOW GHQ ORJLVFKHQ 3ULQ]LSLHQ
GHU DULVWRWHOLVFKHQ 3KLORVRSKLH JHIROJW 'LHVH /RJLN EDVLHUW
DXIGHP6DW]GHU,GHQWLWlWGHUDXVVDJWGD$JOHLFK$LVW
DXIGHP6DW]YRP:LGHUVSUXFK$LVWQLFKW1LFKW$XQGDXI
GHP6DW]YRPDXVJHVFKORVVHQHQ'ULWWHQ$NDQQQLFKW$XQG
1LFKW$QRFK$RGHU1LFKW$VHLQ$ULVWRWHOHVHUNOlUWVHLQH
7KHVH VHKU NODU LQ IROJHQGHP 6DW] (V LVW DXVJHVFKORVVHQ
GDHLQXQGGDVVHOEH3UlGLNDWHLQHPXQGGHPVHOEHQ6XEMHNWH
]XJOHLFK XQG LQ GHUVHOEHQ %H]LHKXQJ ]XNRPPH XQG DXFK
QLFKW ]XNRPPH 'LHV DOVR LVW GDV JUXQGOHJHQGVWH XQWHU
DOOHQ3ULQ]LSLHQ

$ULVWRWHOHV0HWDSK\VLN%XFK*DPPDE

'LHVHV $[LRP GHU DULVWRWHOLVFKHQ /RJLN KDW XQVHUH
'HQNJHZRKQKHLWHQVRWLHIEHHLQXWGDHVDOVQDWUOLFK
XQGVHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKHPSIXQGHQZLUGZlKUHQGDQGHUHUVHLWV
GLH )HVWVWHOOXQJ GD ; JOHLFK $ XQG QLFKW JOHLFK $ LVW
XQVLQQLJ]XVHLQVFKHLQW
,P *HJHQVDW] ]X GHU DULVWRWHOLVFKHQ /RJLN VWHKW GDV ZDV
PDQ DOV SDUDGR[H /RJLN EH]HLFKQHQ N|QQWH GLH $QQDKPH
GD$XQG1LFKW$VLFKDOV$XVVDJHQYRQ;QLFKWJHJHQVHLWLJ
DXVVFKOLHHQ 'LH SDUDGR[H /RJLN ZDU LP FKLQHVLVFKHQ
XQG LQGLVFKHQ 'HQNHQ GRPLQLHUHQG DEHU DXFK LQ GHU
3KLORVRSKLH +HUDNOLWV XQG VFKOLHOLFK ZXUGH VLH
XQWHU GHU %H]HLFKQXQJ 'LDOHNWLN ]XU /RJLN YRQ +HJHO
XQG 0DU[ 'DV DOOJHPHLQH 3ULQ]LS GHU SDUDGR[HQ /RJLN
LVW VHKU GHXWOLFK YRQ /DRWVH EHVFKULHEHQ ZRUGHQ :RUWH
GLH VWUHQJJHQRPPHQ ZDKU VLQG VLQG SDUDGR[ 8QG
7VFKXDQJWVHVDJW'DVZDVHLQVLVWLVWHLQV'DVZDVQLFKW
HLQVLVWLVWDXFKHLQV'LHVH)RUPXOLHUXQJHQGHUSDUDGR[HQ
/RJLN VLQG SRVLWLY (V LVW XQG HV LVW QLFKW (LQH DQGHUH
)RUPXOLHUXQJGDJHJHQLVWQHJDWLY(VLVWZHGHUGLHVQRFKGDV
'LHHUVWH)RUPXOLHUXQJQGHQZLULP7DRLVPXVEHL+HUDNOLW
XQGVFKOLHOLFKLQGHU+HJHOVFKHQ'LDOHNWLNGLH]ZHLWHLVWLQ
GHULQGLVFKHQ3KLORVRSKLHKlXJ
2EJOHLFK HV GHQ 5DKPHQ GLHVHV %XFKHV EHUVFKUHLWHQ
ZUGH HLQH DXVIKUOLFKH %HVFKUHLEXQJ GHV 8QWHUVFKLHGV
]ZLVFKHQ GHU DULVWRWHOLVFKHQ XQG GHU SDUDGR[HQ /RJLN ]X
JHEHQP|FKWHLFKGRFKHLQLJH%HPHUNXQJHQKLQ]XIJHQXPGDV
3ULQ]LSOHLFKWHUYHUVWlQGOLFK]XPDFKHQ,PZHVWOLFKHQ'HQNHQ

/DRWVH7DRWHNLQJHG)0D[0XHOOHU2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV/RQGRQ6

QGHW GLH SDUDGR[H /RJLN LKUHQ IUKHVWHQ $XVGUXFN LQ GHU
3KLORVRSKLH +HUDNOLWV (U LVW GHU $QVLFKW GD GHU .RQLNW
]ZLVFKHQ *HJHQVlW]HQ GLH *UXQGODJH GHU JHVDPWHQ ([LVWHQ]
LVW6LHYHUVWHKHQQLFKWVDJW+HUDNOLWZLHGDV8QVWLPPLJH
LQ VLFK EHUHLQVWLPPW GHV :LGHU6SlQQVWLJHQ )JXQJ ZLH
EHL %RJHQ XQG /HLHU 2GHU QRFK NODUHU ,Q GLHVHOEHQ
)OXWHQ VWHLJHQ ZLU XQG VWHLJHQ ZLU QLFKW ZLU VLQG HV XQG
ZLUVLQGHVQLFKW2GHU8QGDOVHLQXQGGDVVHOEHLVW
LQ XQV /HEHQGLJHV XQG 7RWHV XQG GDV :DFKHQGH XQG
6FKODIHQGHXQG-XQJHVXQG$OWHV,QGHU3KLORVRSKLH
GHV/DRWVHZLUGGLHJOHLFKH9RUVWHOOXQJLQSRHWLVFKHUHU
)RUP DXVJHGUFNW (LQ FKDUDNWHULVWLVFKHV %HLVSLHO
IU GDV WDRLVWLVFKH SDUDGR[H 'HQNHQ LVW GLH IROJHQGH
)HVWVWHOOXQJ'DV*HZLFKWLJHLVWGHV/HLFKWHQ:XU]HO
GLH6WLOOHLVWGHU8QUXKH+HUU2GHU'HU6LQQLVW
HZLJ RKQH +DQGHOQ XQG QLFKWV EOHLEW XQJHZLUNW
2GHU 0HLQH :RUWH VLQG JDQ] OHLFKW ]X YHUVWHKHQ XQG
JDQ] OHLFKW DXV]XIKUHQ XQG GRFK LVW QLHPDQG DXI
(UGHQ LQVWDQG VLH ]X YHUVWHKHQ XQG DXV]XIKUHQ
:LH LP LQGLVFKHQ XQG VRNUDWLVFKHQ 'HQNHQ LVW DXFK
LP WDRLVWLVFKHQ 'HQNHQ GDV +|FKVWH ]X GHP 'HQNHQ
IKUHQ NDQQ GDV :LVVHQ QLFKWV ]X ZLVVHQ :LVVHQ
GD PDQ QLFKWV ZHL LVW GDV +|FKVWH 1LFKWZLVVHQ IU
:LVVHQDFKWHQLVW/HLGHQ(VLVWQXUHLQH.RQVHTXHQ]

+HUDNOLW)UDJPHQWH(UQVW+HLPHUDQ9HUODJ0QFKHQ6
(EHQGD

(EHQGD6I
+VJYRQ5LFKDUG:LOKHOP-HQD1U6

/DRWVH7DRWHNLQJ'DV%XFKGHV$OWHQYRP6LQQXQG/HEHQ

(EHQGD1U6

(EHQGD1U6

(EHQGD1U6

GLHVHU3KLORVRSKLHGDGHUK|FKVWH*RWWNHLQHQ1DPHQ
KDEHQ NDQQ 'LH OHW]WH :LUNOLFKNHLW GDV OHW]WH (LQH
NDQQZHGHULQ:RUWHQQRFKLQ*HGDQNHQHLQJHIDQJHQ
ZHUGHQ/DRWVHVDJWGD]X'HU6LQQGHQPDQHUVLQQHQ
NDQQ LVW QLFKW GHU HZLJH 6LQQ 'HU 1DPH GHQ PDQ
QHQQHQ NDQQ LVW QLFKW GHU HZLJH 1DPH 2GHU PLW
HLQHU DQGHUHQ )RUPXOLHUXQJ 0DQ VFKDXW QDFK LKP
XQG VLHKW LKQ QLFKW 6HLQ 1DPH LVW *OHLFK 0DQ KRUFKW
QDFKLKPXQGK|UWLKQQLFKW6HLQ1DPHLVW)HLQ0DQIDWQDFK
LKPXQGHUJUHLIWLKQQLFKW6HLQ1DPHLVW.OHLQ'LHVHGUHLNDQQ
PDQQLFKWWUHQQHQVLHVLQGYHUPLVFKWXQGELOGHQ(LQHV8QG
QRFKHLQHZHLWHUH)RUPXOLHUXQJGHUJOHLFKHQ9RUVWHOOXQJ'HU
(UNHQQHQGH UHGHW QLFKW >EHU GDV 7DR@ GHU 5HGHQGH HUNHQQQW
QLFKW
'LH 3KLORVRSKLH GHU %UDKPDQHQ EHVFKlIWLJWH VLFK PLW GHU
9HUELQGXQJ ]ZLVFKHQ GHU 0DQQLJIDOWLJNHLW GHU 3KlQRPHQH
XQG GHU (LQKHLW %UDKPDQ $EHU ZHGHU LQ ,QGLHQ QRFK LQ
&KLQD ZLUG GLH SDUDGR[H 3KLORVRSKLH PLW HLQHU GXDOLVWLVFKHQ
3RVLWLRQ YHUPLVFKW 'LH +DUPRQLH (LQKHLW EHVWHKW LQ GHU
ZLGHUVSUFKOLFKHQ %HKDXSWXQJ DXV GHU VLH HQWVWHKW 'DV
'HQNHQGHU%UDKPDQHQNUHLVWHYRQ$QIDQJDQXPGDV3DUDGR[
GHU JOHLFK]HLWLJHQ $QWDJRQLVPHQ XQG GRFK ,GHQWLWlW GHU
PDQLIHVWHQ .UlIWH XQG )RUPHQ GHU SKlQRPHQDOHQ :HOW
'LHOHW]WH0DFKWLP8QLYHUVXPZLHLP0HQVFKHQEHUVFKUHLWHW
VRZRKO GLH 6SKlUH GHV %HZXWVHLQV DOV DXFK GLH GHU 6LQQH
6LH LVW GDKHU ZHGHU GLHV QRFK GDV =LPPHU EHPHUNW GD]X

(EHQGD1UO6
(EHQGD1U6

(EHQGD1U6

+5=LPPHU3KLORVRSKLHVRI,QGLD3DQWKHRQ%RRNV1HZ<RUN

,Q GLHVHU VWUHQJ QLFKWGXDOLVWLVFKHQ 9HUZLUNOLFKXQJ JLEW HV
NHLQHQ$QWDJRQLVPXV]ZLVFKHQZLUNOLFKXQGXQZLUNOLFKH$XI
LKUHU 6XFKH QDFK GHU KLQWHU GHU 0DQQLJIDOWLJNHLW YHUERUJHQHQ
(LQKHLW NDPHQ GLH EUDKPDQLVFKHQ 'HQNHU ]X GHP 6FKOX
GD GDV VLFKWEDUH *HJHQVDW]SDDU GDV :HVHQ QLFKW GHU 'LQJH
VRQGHUQ GDV GHV ZDKUQHKPHQ GHQ *HLVWHV ZLGHUVSLHJHOW 'HU
ZDKUQHKPHQGH*HGDQNHPXEHUVLFKKLQDXVZDFKVHQZHQQ
HU GLH ZDKUH :LUNOLFKNHLW HUUHLFKHQ ZLOO 'HU :LGHUVSUXFK
LVW HLQH .DWHJRULH GHV PHQVFKOLFKHQ *HLVWHV VHOEVW MHGRFK
NHLQ (OHPHQW GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW ,Q GHU 5LJYHGD ZLUG GDV
3ULQ]LS IROJHQGHUPDHQ DXVJHGUFNW ,FK ELQ GLH EHLGHQ
GLH /HEHQVNUDIW XQG GHU /HEHQVVWRII EHLGH DXI HLQPDO
'LH OHW]WH .RQVHTXHQ] GLHVHU ,GHH GD GHU *HGDQNH QXU LQ
:LGHUVSUFKHQZDKUQHKPHQNDQQKDWHLQHQRFKGUDVWLVFKHUH
)ROJHLP'HQNHQGHU9HGHQGDVEHKDXSWHWGHU*HGDQNHPLW
VHLQHQ IHLQHQ 8QWHUVFKHLGXQJHQ ZlUH QXU HLQ IHLQHUHU
+RUL]RQW GHU 8QZLVVHQKHLW LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW GHU IHLQVWH DOOHU
WUJHULVFKHQ+LQZHLVHGHU0D\D
'LHSDUDGR[H/RJLNKDWHLQHZHVHQWOLFKH%HGHXWXQJIUGHQ
*RWWHVEHJULII,QVRIHUQ*RWWGLHOHW]WH:LUNOLFKNHLWYHUN|USHUW
XQG LQVRIHUQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKH *HLVW GLH :LUNOLFKNHLW LQ
:LGHUVSUFKHQ ZDKUQLPPW NDQQ PDQ EHU *RWW NHLQH
SRVLWLYH)HVWVWHOOXQJWUHIIHQ,QGHU9HGDQWDJLOWGLH9RUVWHOOXQJ
YRQ HLQHP DOOZLVVHQGHQ XQG DOOPlFKWLJHQ *RWW DOV K|FKVWH
)RUP YRQ 8QZLVVHQKHLW +LHU VHKHQ ZLU GLH 9HUELQGXQJ ]X
GHU 1DPHQORVLJNHLW GHV 7DR ]X GHP QDPHQORVHQ 1DPHQ GHV
*RWWHV GHU VLFK 0RVHV ]X HUNHQQHQ JLEW ]X GHP DEVROXWHQ

(EHQGD6
(EHQGD

1LFKWV0HLVWHU(FNHKDUWV1XUGLH1HJDWLRQNDQQGHU0HQVFK
HUNHQQHQ QLFKW DEHU GLH 3RVLWLRQ GHU OHW]WHQ 5HDOLWlW 6R
YHUPDJ GHU 0HQVFK EHUKDXSW QLFKW ]X ZLVVHQ ZDV *RWW LVW
(WZDVZHLHUZRKOZDV*RWWQLFKWLVW'DPLW>GLH9HUQXQIW@
VLFK QLFKW ]XIULHGHQ JHEH PLW LUJHQGZHOFKHQ 'LQJHQ VRQGHUQ
LPPHUWLHIHUH6HKQVXFKWIKOHQDFKGHPK|FKVWHQXQGOHW]WHQ
*XWH)U0HLVWHU(FNHKDUWLVWGDV*|WWOLFKHHLQ9HUQHLQHQ
GHV9HUQHLQHQV XQG HLQ9HUOHXJQHQ GHV9HUOHXJQHQV$OOH
.UHDWXUHQ WUDJHQ HLQH9HUQHLQXQJLQVLFKGLHHLQHYHUQHLQW
GLH DQGHUH ]X VHLQ (V LVWQXUHLQHZHLWHUH)ROJHUXQJGD
*RWWIU0HLVWHU(FNHKDUWGDVDEVROXWH1LFKWVZLUGZLHGLH
OHW]WH:LUNOLFKNHLWIUGLH.DEEDODGDV(Q6RIGDV(QGORVH
LVW
,FK KDEH GHQ 8QWHUVFKLHG ]ZLVFKHQ GHU DULVWRWHOLVFKHQ
XQG GHU SDUDGR[HQ /RJLN KLHU GLVNXWLHUW XP GHQ %RGHQ
IUHLQHQEHGHXWHQGHQ8QWHUVFKLHGLP%HJULIIGHU/LHEH]X
*RWWYRU]XEHUHLWHQ'LH/HKUHUGHUSDUDGR[HQ/RJLNVDJHQ
GDGHU0HQVFKGLH:LUNOLFKNHLWQXULQLKUHQ:LGHUVSUFKHQ
ZDKUQHKPHQ NDQQ GD HU MHGRFK GLH OHW]WH 5HDOLWlW GDV
(LQHQLHPDOVJHGDQNOLFKHUIDVVHQNDQQ'LHVIKUWH]XGHU
)ROJHUXQJGDPDQDOVOHW]WHV=LHODXFKJDUQLFKWYHUVXFKWH
JHGDQNOLFKGLH$QWZRUW]XQGHQ'HU*HGDQNHNDQQXQVQXU
]XGHP%HZXWVHLQKLQIKUHQGDHUXQVGLHOHW]WH$QWZRUW
HEHQ QLFKW JHEHQ NDQQ 'LH :HOW GHU *HGDQNHQ EOHLEW LQ
GLHVHP 3DUDGR[ JHIDQJHQ 'LH HLQ]LJH 0|JOLFKNHLW GLH:HOW
OHW]WOLFK]XHUIDVVHQOLHJWQLFKWLP*HGDQNHQVRQGHUQLQGHP

0HLVWHU(FNHKDUW6FKULIWHQHG+HUPDQQ%WWQHU-HQD69RQGHUHZLJHQ
*HEXUW3UHGLJW

0HLVWHU(FNHKDUWHG4XLQWDD26I3UHGLJWYJOGLHQHJDWLYH7KHRORJLH
GHV0DLPRQLGHV

(UOHEQLV GHU (LQKHLW 6R IKUW GLH SDUDGR[H /RJLN ]X GHP
6FKOXGDGLH/LHEH]X*RWWZHGHUGDVJHGDQNOLFKH:LVVHQ
YRQ *RWW QRFK GHU *HGDQNH YRQ GHU HLJHQHQ /LHEH ]X *RWW
LVW VRQGHUQ GHU$NW GHV (UOHEHQV GHU (LQKHLW PLW *RWW LP
(UOHEQLVGHU/LHEH
'LHV IKUW GD]X GLH %HWRQXQJ DXI GHQ ULFKWLJHQ :HJ
GHV /HEHQV ]X OHJHQ 'DV JDQ]H /HEHQ MHGH NOHLQH XQG MHGH
ZLFKWLJH+DQGOXQJLVWYRP:LVVHQXP*RWWEHVWLPPWDEHUQLFKW
YRP:LVVHQLPULFKWLJHQ'HQNHQVRQGHUQLPULFKWLJHQ+DQGHOQ
*DQ]GHXWOLFKVLHKWPDQGLHVEHLGHQRULHQWDOLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQHQ
6RZRKO LP %UDKPDQLVPXV DOV DXFK LP %XGGKLVPXV XQG
7DRLVPXVOLHJWGDVOHW]WHUHOLJL|VH=LHOQLFKWLPUHFKWHQ*ODXEHQ
VRQGHUQLPULFKWLJHQ+DQGHOQ'LHJOHLFKH%HWRQXQJQGHQZLU
EHLGHUMGLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQ,QGHUMGLVFKHQ7UDGLWLRQQGHWPDQ
IDVW NHLQH .LUFKHQVSDOWXQJ GLH GXUFK GHQ *ODXEHQ DXVJHO|VW
ZXUGH GLH JURH$XVQDKPH GHU 6WUHLW ]ZLVFKHQ 3KDULVlHUQ
XQG6DGGX]lHUQZDULQGHU+DXSWVDFKHGLH$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ
]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHL HQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWVNODVVHQ ,P
MGLVFKHQ *ODXEHQ ODJ GLH %HWRQXQJ EHVRQGHUV VHLW %HJLQQ
XQVHUHV =HLWDOWHUV DXI GHP ULFKWLJHQ :HJ GHV /HEHQV GHU
+DODFKDGLHVHV:RUWKDWHLQHlKQOLFKH%HGHXWXQJZLH7DR
,P PRGHUQHQ 'HQNHQ ZLUG GHU JOHLFKH *UXQGVDW] LQ GHQ
/HKUHQYRQ6SLQR]D0DU[XQG)UHXGDXVJHGUFNW,Q6SLQR]DV
3KLORVRSKLH ZLUG GLH %HWRQXQJ YRP UHFKWHQ *ODXEHQ DXI GLH
ULFKWLJH /HEHQVIKUXQJ YHUVFKREHQ 0DU[ VWHOOW GHQ JOHLFKHQ
*UXQGVDW]DXIZHQQHUVDJW'LH3KLORVRSKHQKDEHQGLH:HOW
QXU YHUVFKLHGHQ LQWHUSUHWLHUW HV NRPPW GDUDXI DQ VLH ]X
YHUlQGHUQ)UHXGVSDUDGR[H/RJLNIKUWLKQ]XGHP3UR]H

GHU SV\FKRDQDO\WLVFKHQ 7KHUDSLH GHP VLFK LPPHU ZHLWHU
YHUWLHIHQGHQ(UOHEQLVVHLQHUVHOEVW
'LHSDUDGR[H/RJLNOHJWGHQ1DFKGUXFNQLFKWDXIGDV'HQNHQ
VRQGHUQDXIGDV(UOHEHQ'LHVH+DOWXQJKDWHLQH5HLKHDQGHUHU
.RQVHTXHQ]HQ,QHUVWHU/LQLHIKUWVLH]XU7ROHUDQ]ZLHZLU
VLHLQGHULQGLVFKHQXQGFKLQHVLVFKHQUHOLJL|VHQ(QWZLFNOXQJ
YRUQGHQ:HQQGHUULFKWLJH*HGDQNHQLFKWGLHOHW]WH:DKUKHLW
XQGQLFKWGHU:HJ]XU(UO|VXQJLVWJLEWHVNHLQHQ*UXQGDQGHUH
]X EHNlPSIHQ GHUHQ 'HQNHQ ]X DQGHUHQ )RUPXOLHUXQJHQ
JHNRPPHQLVW'LHVH7ROHUDQ]LVWVHKUVFK|QLQGHU*HVFKLFKWH
YRQ GHQ 0lQQHUQ DXVJHGUFNW GLH DXIJHIRUGHUW ZHUGHQ LP
'XQNHOQ HLQHQ (OHIDQWHQ ]X EHVFKUHLEHQ 'HU HLQH GHU GHQ
5VVHOEHUKUWVDJW'LHVHV7LHUlKQHOWHLQHU:DVVHUSIHLIH
(LQDQGHUHUGHUGDV2KUGHV(OHIDQWHQEHUKUWVDJW'LHVHV
7LHUlKQHOWHLQHP)lFKHU8QGGHUGULWWHGHUGLH%HLQHGHV
(OHIDQWHQDEWDVWHWEHVFKUHLEWGDV7LHUDOVHLQH6lXOH
=ZHLWHQVIKUWGHUSDUDGR[H6WDQGSXQNWGD]XGLH%HWRQXQJ
DXIGLH8PIRUPXQJGHV0HQVFKHQ]XOHJHQXQGQLFKWVRVHKUDXI
GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ GHV 'RJPDV HLQHUVHLWV XQGGHU:LVVHQVFKDIW
DQGHUHUVHLWV 9RP LQGLVFKHQ FKLQHVLVFKHQ XQG P\VWLVFKHQ
6WDQGSXQNW DXV EHVWHKW GLH UHOLJL|VH $XIJDEH GHV 0HQVFKHQ
GDULQ QLFKW ULFKWLJ ]X GHQNHQ VRQGHUQ WLHI ]X HUOHEHQ XQG
VLFK PLW GHP (LQHQ LQ GHP$NW NRQ]HQWULHUWHU 0HGLWDWLRQ ]X
YHUHLQHQ
'DV*HJHQWHLOJLOWIUGHQ+DXSWVWURPGHVZHVWOLFKHQ'HQNHQV
'DPDQJODXEWHGLHOHW]WH:DKUKHLWLPULFKWLJHQ'HQNHQ]XQ
GHQODJGLH+DXSWEHWRQXQJDXIGHP'HQNHQREJOHLFKPDQDXFK
GDVULFKWLJH+DQGHOQQLFKWIUXQZHVHQWOLFKKLHOW,QGHUUHOLJL

|VHQ(QWZLFNOXQJIKUWHGLHV]XGHU$XIVWHOOXQJYRQ'RJPHQ
YRQHQGORVHQ$UJXPHQWHQEHUGRJPDWLVFKH)RUPXOLHUXQJHQXQG
]X8QGXOGVDPNHLWJHJHQEHU8QJOlXELJHQRGHU6HNWLHUHUQ
)HUQHUIKUWHHVGD]XGLH%HWRQXQJDXIGHQ*ODXEHQDQ*RWW
DOVGDV+DXSW]LHOHLQHUUHOLJL|VHQ+DOWXQJ]XOHJHQ'DVEHGHXWHW
QDWUOLFKQLFKWGDHVGDQHEHQQLFKWGHQ%HJULIIJDEULFKWLJ
]XOHEHQ$EHUWURW]GHPIKOWHVLFKGHUMHQLJHGHUDQ*RWWJODXE
WHZHQQHUDXFKQLFKW*RWWOHEWHMHQHPEHUOHJHQGHU*RWW
]ZDUOHEWHQLFKWDEHUDQLKQJODXEWH
'LH%HWRQXQJGHV'HQNHQVKDWWHGDQHEHQQRFKHLQHDQGHUH
XQG KLVWRULVFK VHKU ZLFKWLJH .RQVHTXHQ] 'LH9RUVWHOOXQJ GD
PDQGLH:DKUKHLWLP'HQNHQQGHQN|QQHIKUWHQLFKWQXU]XP
'RJPD VRQGHUQ DXFK ]XU:LVVHQVFKDIW ,P ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ
'HQNHQ ]lKOW DOOHLQ GHU NRUUHNWH *HGDQNH XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO
YRP $VSHNW GHU LQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ *HZLVVHQKDIWLJNHLW DOV DXFK
YRP$VSHNWGHU$QZHQGXQJZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ'HQNHQVDXI
GLH3UD[LVDXVPLWDQGHUHQ:RUWHQDXIGLH7HFKQLN
'DV |VWOLFKH 'HQNHQ IKUWH DOVR ]X 7ROHUDQ] XQG ]X GHP
%HPKHQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6HOEVWWUDQVIRUPDWLRQ DEHU QLFKW
]XU7HFKQLNGHUZHVWOLFKH6WDQGSXQNWGDJHJHQ]XU,QWROHUDQ]
]X 'RJPD XQG:LVVHQVFKDIW ]XU NDWKROLVFKHQ .LUFKH XQG ]X
GHU(QWGHFNXQJGHU$WRPHQHUJLH
'LH )ROJHQ GLHVHV 8QWHUVFKLHGHV GHU EHLGHQ 6WDQGSXQNWH
JHJHQEHUGHP3UREOHPGHU/LHEH]X*RWWZXUGHQEHUHLWVNXU]
JHVWUHLIWXQGEUDXFKHQGDKHUQXUQRFKHLQPDO]XVDPPHQJHIDW
]XZHUGHQ
,Q GHP YRUKHUUVFKHQGHQ ZHVWOLFKHQ 5HOLJLRQVV\VWHP LVW GLH
/LHEH]X*RWWLPZHVHQWOLFKHQGDVVHOEHZLHGHU*ODXEHDQ*RWW

DQ *RWWHV ([LVWHQ] DQ *RWWHV *HUHFKWLJNHLW XQG DQ *RWWHV
/LHEH 'LH /LHEH ]X *RWW LVW LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ HLQ JHGDQNOLFKHV
(UOHEQLV ,Q GHQ |VWOLFKHQ 5HOLJLRQHQ XQG LQ GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ
0\VWLN LVW GLH /LHEH ]X *RWW HLQ LQWHQVLYHV *HIKOVHUOHEQLV
GHU (LQKHLW XQG GHU /LHEH XQWUHQQEDU YHUEXQGHQ PLW GHP
$XVGUXFNGLHVHU/LHEHLQMHGHP$NWGHV/HEHQV'LHUDGLNDOVWH
)RUPXOLHUXQJGLHVHV=XVWDQGHVVWDPPWYRQ0HLVWHU(FNHKDUW
*DQ] VR ZHUGH LFK LQ >*RWW@ YHUZDQGHOW GD HU PLFK DOV
VHLQ6HLQZLUNWXQG]ZDUDOVHLQHVQLFKWDOVJOHLFKHVEHLP
OHEHQGLJHQ*RWWHLVWHVZDKUGDHVGDNHLQHUOHL8QWHUVFKLHG
JLEW0DQFKHHLQIlOWLJHQ0HQVFKHQZlKQHQVLHVROOWHQ*RWW
VR VHKHQ DOV VWQGH HU GRUW XQG VLH KLHU 'HP LVW QLFKW VR
*RWW XQG LFK ZLU VLQG HLQV 'XUFK GDV (UNHQQHQ QHKPH LFK
*RWWLQPLFKKLQHLQGXUFKGLH/LHEHKLQJHJHQJHKHLFKLQ*RWW
HLQ'DPLWN|QQHQZLU]XHLQHUZLFKWLJHQ3DUDOOHOH]ZLVFKHQ
GHU/LHEH]XGHQ(OWHUQXQGGHU/LHEH]X*RWW]XUFNNHKUHQ
'DV .LQG LVW ]XHUVW VHLQHU 0XWWHU DOV GHP *UXQG DOOHV
6HLQV YHUEXQGHQ (V IKOW VLFK KLORV XQG EUDXFKW GLH
DOOXPIDVVHQGH /LHEH GHU 0XWWHU 'DQQ ZHQGHW HV VLFK GHP
9DWHUDOVGHPQHXHQ0LWWHOSXQNWVHLQHU=XQHLJXQJ]XZREHL
GHU 9DWHU GDV /HLWSULQ]LS IU VHLQ 'HQNHQ XQG +DQGHOQ LVW
LQGLHVHP6WDGLXPLVWGDV0RWLYGDV9HUODQJHQGDV/REGHV
9DWHUV ]X HUUHLFKHQ XQG VHLQ 0LIDOOHQ ]X YHUPHLGHQ ,P
6WDGLXP GHU YROOVWlQGLJHQ 5HLIH KDW GHU 0HQVFK VLFK YRQ
GHQ *HVWDOWHQ GHU 0XWWHU XQG GHV 9DWHUV DOV VFKW]HQGHQ
XQG EHIHKOHQGHQ 0lFKWHQ EHIUHLW HU KDW GDV9DWHU XQG GDV
0XWWHUSULQ]LSLQVLFKVHOEVWHUULFKWHW(ULVWVHLQHLJHQHU9DWHU
XQG VHLQH HLJHQH 0XWWHU JHZRUGHQ LVW 9DWHU XQG 0XWWHU ,Q

0HLVWHU(FNHKDUWHG4XLQWDD263UHGLJW

GHU*HVFKLFKWHGHU0HQVFKKHLW VHKHQ ZLU RGHU N|QQHQ ZLU
GLHVHOEH (QWZLFNOXQJ DQWL]LSLHUHQ YRQ GHU /LHEH ]X *RWW
DOV GHU KLORVHQ %LQGXQJ DQ GLH 0XWWHU*|WWLQ EHU GLH
JHKRUVDPH%LQGXQJDQHLQHQYlWHUOLFKHQ*RWW]XP6WDGLXP
GHU5HLIHLQGHP*RWWNHLQHDXHUKDOEGHV0HQVFKHQVWHKHQGH
0DFKWPHKULVWLQGHPGHU0HQVFKGLH3ULQ]LSLHQYRQ/LHEH
XQG*HUHFKWLJNHLW VHOEVW YHUN|USHUW XQG LQ GHP HU PLW *RWW
HLQVJHZRUGHQLVWXQGZRHUYRQ*RWWQXULQHLQHPSRHWLVFKHQ
V\PEROLVFKHQ6LQQVSULFKW
$XVGLHVHQhEHUOHJXQJHQIROJWGDGLH/LHEH]X*RWWYRQ
GHU /LHEH ]X GHQ (OWHUQ QLFKW JHWUHQQW ZHUGHQ NDQQ :HQQ
HLQ 0HQVFK QLFKW EHU GLH LQ]HVWX|VH %LQGXQJ DQ 0XWWHU
.ODQ RGHU 1DWLRQ KLQDXVNRPPW ZHQQ HU LQ GHU NLQGOLFKHQ
$EKlQJLJNHLW YRQ HLQHP VWUDIHQGHQ XQG EHORKQHQGHQ 9DWHU
RGHU YRQ LUJHQGHLQHU DQGHUHQ $XWRULWlW YHUEOHLEW NDQQ HU
DXFK NHLQH UHLIHUH /LHEH ]X *RWW HQWZLFNHOQ GDQQ LVW VHLQ
*ODXEHGHUHLQHUIUKHUHQ3KDVHGHU5HOLJLRQLQGHU*RWWDOV
HLQH DOOEHVFKW]HQGH 0XWWHU RGHU HLQ VWUDIHQGEHORKQHQGHU
9DWHUHUOHEWZXUGH
,Q GHU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ 5HOLJLRQ QGHQ ZLU QRFK
VlPWOLFKH 3KDVHQ YRU YRQ GHU IUKHVWHQ XQG SULPLWLYVWHQ
(QWZLFNOXQJ ELV ]XU K|FKVWHQ 'DV :RUW *RWW EHGHXWHW
VRZRKO 6WDPPHVKlXSWOLQJ DOV DXFK GDV DEVROXWH 1LFKWV ,Q
GHUJOHLFKHQ:HLVHKDWDXFKMHGHV,QGLYLGXXPXQG]ZDUZLH
)UHXGJH]HLJWKDWLQVHLQHP8QEHZXWHQVlPWOLFKH6WDGLHQ
DOV0|JOLFKNHLWHQHEHQIDOOVLQVLFK'LH)UDJHLVWQXUELV]X
ZHOFKHP3XQNWHUKHUDQJHZDFKVHQLVW(LQHVLVWGDEHLJHZL
'DV:HVHQVHLQHU/LHEH]X*RWWHQWVSULFKWGHP:HVHQVHLQHU

/LHEH]XGHQ0HQVFKHQXQGIHUQHUKLQGDV:HVHQVHLQHU/LHEH
]X*RWWXQGGHQ0HQVFKHQLVWLKPKlXJQLFKWEHZXWHVLVW
YHUGHFNWXQGUDWLRQDOLVLHUWGXUFKGLHPHKUIRUWJHVFKULWWHQHQ
*HGDQNHQEHUGDVZDV/LHEHLVW'LH/LHEH]XP0HQVFKHQ
LVW EHUGLHV ZlKUHQG VLH XQPLWWHOEDU LQ GHQ %LQGXQJHQ DQ
GLH )DPLOLH HLQJHEHWWHW LVW LP /HW]WHQ YRQ GHU 6WUXNWXU
GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW EHVWLPPW LQ GHU HLQ 0HQVFK OHEW :HQQ
GLH *HVHOOVFKDIWVVWUXNWXU GLH GHU 8QWHUZHUIXQJ XQWHU HLQH
$XWRULWlWXQWHUHLQHRIIHQHRGHUXQWHUGLHDQRQ\PH$XWRULWlW
GHV0DUNWHVXQGGHU|IIHQWOLFKHQ0HLQXQJLVWPXGLH/LHEH
]X*RWWXQG]XP0HQVFKHQLQIDQWLOXQGZHLWHQWIHUQWYRQGHP
UHLIHQ .RQ]HSW VHLQ GHVVHQ 6DPHQ PDQ LQ GHU *HVFKLFKWH GHU
PRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQHQQGHQNDQQ

,,,
',(/,(%(81',+59(5)$//
,1'(5=(,7*(1g66,6&+(1:(67/,&+(1
*(6(//6&+$)7
:HQQGLH/LHEHHLQH)lKLJNHLWGHVUHLIHQXQGVFK|SIHULVFKHQ
&KDUDNWHUVLVWIROJWGDUDXVGDGLH)lKLJNHLWGHV/LHEHQVLQ
MHGHP 0HQVFKHQ GHU LQ HLQHU EHVWLPPWHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW OHEW
YRQGHP(LQXDEKlQJLJLVWGHQGLHVH*HVHOOVFKDIWDXIGHQ
&KDUDNWHUGHV%HWUHIIHQGHQDXVEW:HQQZLUYRQGHU/LHEH
LQ GHU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ ZHVWOLFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW VSUHFKHQ
ZROOHQ ZLU GDPLW GLH )UDJH VWHOOHQ RE GLH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH
6WUXNWXU GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ =LYLOLVDWLRQ XQG GHU DXV LKU
UHVXOWLHUHQGH *HLVW GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU /LHEH I|UGHUOLFK
VLQG 'LHVH )UDJH ]X VWHOOHQ EHGHXWHW VLH LP QHJDWLYHQ
6LQQH ]X EHDQWZRUWHQ .HLQREMHNWLYHU%HREDFKWHUXQVHUHV
ZHVWOLFKHQ/HEHQVNDQQGDUDQ]ZHLIHOQGDGLH/LHEHGLH
1lFKVWHQOLHEHGLH0XWWHUOLHEHXQGGLHHURWLVFKH/LHEHHLQ
YHUKlOWQLVPlLJVHOWHQHV3KlQRPHQLVWXQGGDYHUVFKLHGHQH
)RUPHQYRQ3VHXGR/LHEHDQLKUH6WHOOHJHWUHWHQVLQGGLH

LQ:LUNOLFKNHLWQXUJHQDXVRYLHOH)RUPHQGHV9HUIDOOVGLHVHU
/LHEHVLQG
'LH NDSLWDOLVWLVFKH *HVHOOVFKDIW EHUXKW DXI GHP 3ULQ]LS
GHU SROLWLVFKHQ )UHLKHLW HLQHUVHLWV XQG GHV 0DUNWHV DOV
5HJXODWRUDOOHUZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQXQGGDPLWJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ
%H]LHKXQJHQ DQGHUHUVHLWV 'HU *WHUPDUNW EHVWLPPW GLH
%HGLQJXQJHQXQWHUGHQHQGHU*WHUDXVWDXVFK6WDWWQGHWGHU
$UEHLWVPDUNWUHJXOLHUWGHQ$QXQG9HUNDXIYRQ$UEHLWVNUDIW
6RZRKO QW]OLFKH 'LQJH ZLH QW]OLFKH PHQVFKOLFKH (QHUJLH
XQG *HVFKLFNOLFKNHLW VLQG ]X :HUWHQ JHZRUGHQ GLH RKQH
=ZDQJXQGRKQH%HWUXJHQWVSUHFKHQGGHQ0DUNWEHGLQJXQJHQ
DXVJHWDXVFKW ZHUGHQ 6FKXKH ]XP %HLVSLHO P|JHQ VLH
DXFK QRFK VR QW]OLFK XQG QRWZHQGLJ VHLQ KDEHQ NHLQHQ
ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ:HUW7DXVFKZHUWZHQQVLHDXIGHP0DUNW
QLFKW JHIUDJW VLQG PHQVFKOLFKH .UDIW XQG *HVFKLFNOLFKNHLW
VLQGRKQHMHGHQ7DXVFKZHUWZHQQVLHJHPlGHQGHU]HLWLJHQ
0DUNWEHGLQJXQJHQQLFKWJHIUDJWVLQG'HU.DSLWDOEHVLW]HUNDQQ
$UEHLWVNUDIWNDXIHQXQGLKUEHIHKOHQIUGLHJHZLQQEULQJHQGH
,QYHVWLHUXQJ VHLQHV .DSLWDOV ]X DUEHLWHQ 'HU %HVLW]HU
YRQ $UEHLWVNUDIW PX VHLQH $UEHLWVNUDIW HQWVSUHFKHQG GHQ
MHZHLOLJHQ 0DUNWEHGLQJXQJHQ YHUNDXIHQ ZHQQ HU QLFKW
YHUKXQJHUQ ZLOO 'LHVH ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH 6WUXNWXU VSLHJHOW VLFK
LQ HLQHU 2UGQXQJ GHU :HUWH ZLGHU .DSLWDO EHKHUUVFKW GLH
$UEHLWVNUDIW OHEORVH 'LQJH KDEHQ HLQHQ K|KHUHQ :HUW DOV
$UEHLWVNUDIW PHQVFKOLFKHV .|QQHQ XQG DOOHV ZDV OHEHQGLJ
LVW+DEHQLVWPHKUDOV6HLQ
'LHVH 6WUXNWXU ZDU YRQ $QIDQJ DQ GLH *UXQGODJH GHV
.DSLWDOLVPXV 2EJOHLFK VLH QRFK KHXWH IU GHQ PRGHUQHQ

.DSLWDOLVPXV FKDUDNWHULVWLVFK LVW KDEHQ VLFK GRFK YHUVFKLHGHQH
)DNWRUHQ LQ]ZLVFKHQ JHlQGHUW GLH GHP ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ
.DSLWDOLVPXV VHLQH EHVRQGHUHQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ JHEHQ XQG HLQHQ
WLHIJHKHQGHQ (LQX DXI GLH FKDUDNWHUOLFKH 6WUXNWXU GHV
PRGHUQHQ 0HQVFKHQ DXVEHQ$OV (UJHEQLV GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ
GHV .DSLWDOLVPXV VHKHQ ZLU HLQHQ ]XQHKPHQGHQ 3UR]H
GHU =HQWUDOLVDWLRQ XQG .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ GHV .DSLWDOV 'LH
JURHQ 8QWHUQHKPHQ GHKQHQ VLFK IRUWODXIHQG ZHLWHU DXV
ZlKUHQG GLH NOHLQHUHQ HUGUFNW ZHUGHQ 'DV (LJHQWXP DP
.DSLWDO GDV LQ GHQ JURHQ 8QWHUQHKPHQ LQYHVWLHUW LVW ZLUG
LPPHU PHKU YRQ GHU 9HUZDOWXQJ GLHVHV .DSLWDOV JHWUHQQW
+XQGHUWWDXVHQGH YRQ $NWLHQEHVLW]HUQ VLQG (LJHQWPHU
GHV 8QWHUQHKPHQV HLQH 9HUZDOWXQJVEURNUDWLH GLH ]ZDU
JXWEH]DKOW LVW GHU GDV 8QWHUQHKPHQ MHGRFK QLFKW JHK|UW
YHUZDOWHW HV 'LHVH %URNUDWLH LVW QLFKW QXU GDUDQ LQWHUHVVLHUW
JURH *HZLQQH ]X HU]LHOHQ VRQGHUQ HEHQVRVHKU GDUDQ GDV
8QWHUQHKPHQXQGGDPLWLKUH0DFKWVWlQGLJDXV]XZHLWHQ'LH
]XQHKPHQGH.RQ]HQWUDWLRQGHV.DSLWDOVXQGGDV(QWVWHKHQHLQHU
PlFKWLJHQ9HUZDOWXQJVEURNUDWLHQGHQLKUH3DUDOOHOHLQGHU
(QWZLFNOXQJGHU$UEHLWHUEHZHJXQJ'XUFKGLHJHZHUNVFKDIWOLFKH
=XVDPPHQIDVVXQJGHU$UEHLWVNUDIWEUDXFKWGHUHLQ]HOQH$UEHLWHU
DXIGHP$UEHLWVPDUNWQLFKWDOOHLQXQGIUVLFKVHOEVW]XNlPSIHQ
HULVWLQJURHQ*HZHUNVFKDIWHQYHUHLQLJWGLHHEHQIDOOVYRQHLQHU
PDFKWYROOHQ%URNUDWLHJHOHLWHWZHUGHQXQGGLHLKQJHJHQEHU
GHQLQGXVWULHOOHQ.RORVVHQYHUWULWW6RZRKODXIGHP*HELHWGHV
.DSLWDOVDOVDXFKDXIGHPGHU$UEHLWVNUDIWLVWGLH,QLWLDWLYHYRP
,QGLYLGXXPDXIGLH%URNUDWLHEHUJHJDQJHQ(LQHZDFKVHQGH
=DKO YRQ 0HQVFKHQ KDW DXIJHK|UW XQDEKlQJLJ ]X VHLQ XQG

LVW YRQ GHU %URNUDWLH GHU JURHQ ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ ,PSHULHQ
DEKlQJLJJHZRUGHQ
(LQ ZHLWHUHU HQWVFKHLGHQGHU =XJ GHU YRQ GLHVHU
.RQ]HQWUDWLRQ GHV .DSLWDOV KHUUKUW XQG IU GHQ PRGHUQHQ
.DSLWDOLVPXV EH]HLFKQHQG LVW OLHJW LQ GHU EHVRQGHUHQ $UW GHU
$UEHLWVRUJDQLVDWLRQ :HLWJHKHQG ]HQWUDOLVLHUWH 8QWHUQHKPHQ
PLWUDGLNDOHU$UEHLWVWUHQQXQJIKUHQ]XHLQHU2UJDQLVDWLRQGHU
$UEHLWEHLGHUGDV,QGLYLGXXPVHLQH,QGLYLGXDOLWlWYHUOLHUWLQ
GHUHV]XHLQHPDXVZHFKVHOEDUHQ5DGLQGHU0DVFKLQHZLUG
'DV PHQVFKOLFKH 3UREOHP GHV PRGHUQHQ .DSLWDOLVPXV NDQQ
PDQIROJHQGHUPDHQIRUPXOLHUHQ
'HU PRGHUQH .DSLWDOLVPXV EUDXFKW 0HQVFKHQ GLH
UHLEXQJVORV XQG LQ JURHU =DKO ]XVDPPHQDUEHLWHQ GLH PHKU
XQG PHKU NRQVXPLHUHQ ZROOHQ GHUHQ *HVFKPDFN MHGRFK
VWDQGDUGLVLHUWOHLFKW]XEHHLQIOXVVHQXQGYRUDXV]XVDJHQLVW
'HU PRGHUQH .DSLWDOLVPXV EUDXFKW 0HQVFKHQ GLH VLFK IUHL
XQGXQDEKlQJLJIKOHQXQGJODXEHQNHLQHU$XWRULWlWNHLQHP
3ULQ]LSXQGNHLQHP*HZLVVHQXQWHUZRUIHQ]XVHLQGLHDEHU
GHQQRFKEHUHLWVLQG%HIHKOHDXV]XIKUHQGDV]XWXQZDVPDQ
YRQ LKQHQ HUZDUWHW VLFK UHLEXQJVORV LQ GLH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH
0DVFKLQH HLQIJHQ VLFK RKQH *HZDOW OHLWHQ ODVVHQ VLFK
RKQH)KUHUIKUHQXQGRKQH=LHOGLULJLHUHQODVVHQPLWGHU
HLQHQ $XVQDKPH QLH XQWlWLJ ]X VHLQ ]X IXQNWLRQLHUHQ XQG
ZHLWHU]XVWUHEHQ
:DVLVWGDV(UJHEQLV"'HUPRGHUQH0HQVFKLVWVLFKVHOEVW
ZLH DXFK VHLQHQ 0LWPHQVFKHQ XQG GHU 1DWXU HQWIUHPGHW

9JO HLQH DXVIKUOLFKHUH 'LVNXVVLRQ GHV 3UREOHPV GHU (QWIUHPGXQJ XQG GHV
(LQXVVHV GHU PRGHUQHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW DXI GHQ &KDUDNWHU GHV 0HQVFKHQ LQ 'HU
KHXWLJH0HQVFKXQGVHLQH=XNXQIWYRQ()URPP)UDQNIXUWDP0DLQ

(U LVW ]X HLQHU :DUH JHZRUGHQ HUOHEW VHLQH /HEHQVNUDIW
DOV HLQH .DSLWDOVDQODJH GLH LKP XQWHU GHQ JHJHEHQHQ
0DUNWEHGLQJXQJHQ HLQ 0D[LPXP DQ *HZLQQ HLQEULQJHQ
PX 'LH PHQVFKOLFKHQ %H]LHKXQJHQ VLQG LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ
GLHHQWIUHPGHWHU$XWRPDWHQGHUHQ6LFKHUKHLWGDUDXIEHUXKW
P|JOLFKVWGLFKWEHLGHU+HUGH]XEOHLEHQXQGVLFKLP'HQNHQ
)KOHQRGHU+DQGHOQQLFKWYRQLKU]XXQWHUVFKHLGHQ:lKUHQG
MHGHUYHUVXFKWGHQDQGHUHQVRQDKHZLHP|JOLFK]XVHLQEOHLEW
MHGHUGRFKY|OOLJDOOHLQGXUFKGUXQJHQYRQGHPWLHIHQ*HIKO
YRQ8QVLFKHUKHLW$QJVWXQG6FKXOGGDVLPPHUDXIWULWWZHQQ
GLHPHQVFKOLFKH*HWUHQQWKHLWQLFKWEHUZXQGHQZLUG8QVHUH
=LYLOLVDWLRQ ELHWHW MHGRFK YHUVFKLHGHQH 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ GDPLW
GLH0HQVFKHQGLHVHU(LQVDPNHLWEHZXWQLFKWJHZDKUZHUGHQ
LQ HUVWHU /LQLH GLH VWUHQJH 5RXWLQH GHU EURNUDWLVLHUWHQ
PHFKDQLVFKHQ $UEHLW GLH GD]X YHUKLOIW GD GLH 0HQVFKHQ
LKU JUXQGOHJHQGVWHV PHQVFKOLFKHV9HUODQJHQ GLH 6HKQVXFKW
QDFK7UDQV]HQGHQ]XQG(LQKHLWQLFKWEHZXWHUOHEHQ'DGLH
5RXWLQHGD]XDOOHLQQLFKWDXVUHLFKWPLOGHUWGHU0HQVFKVHLQH
XQEHZXWH9HU]ZHLXQJ GXUFK GLH 5RXWLQH GHV9HUJQJHQV
GXUFK GHQ SDVVLYHQ .RQVXP YRQ 7|QHQ XQG %LOGHUQ GLH
LKP GLH 9HUJQJXQJVLQGXVWULH DQELHWHW IHUQHU DEHU DXFK
GXUFK GLH %HIULHGLJXQJ LPPHU QHXH 'LQJH ]X NDXIHQ XQG
GLHVH EDOG GDUDXIGXUFKDQGHUHDXV]XZHFKVHOQ'HUPRGHUQH
0HQVFKlKQHOWWDWVlFKOLFKMHQHP%LOGGDV+X[OH\LQVHLQHP
%XFK6FK|QHQHXH:HOWEHVFKUHLEWJXWJHQlKUWJXWJHNOHLGHW
VH[XHOOEHIULHGLJWDEHURKQH6HOEVWQXULPREHUIOlFKOLFKVWHQ
.RQWDNWPLWVHLQHQ0LWPHQVFKHQJHOHLWHWDOOHLQYRQ6ORJDQV
GLH +X[OH\ NQDSS IROJHQGHUPDHQ IRUPXOLHUW 9HUVFKLHEH
HLQ 9HUJQJHQ QLH DXI PRUJHQ ZHQQ GX HV KHXWH KDEHQ

NDQQVW 2GHU GLH DOOHV NU|QHQGH )HVWVWHOOXQJ -HGHU LVW
KHXW]XWDJHJOFNOLFK'DV*OFNGHV0HQVFKHQEHVWHKWKHXWH
GDULQVLFK]XYHUJQJHQ9HUJQJHQOLHJWLQGHU%HIULHGLJXQJ
GHV.RQVXPLHUHQVXQG(LQYHUOHLEHQVYRQ:DUHQ%LOGHUQ
(VVHQ7ULQNHQ=LJDUHWWHQ0HQVFKHQ=HLWVFKULIWHQ%FKHUQ
XQG )LOPHQ $OOHV ZLUG NRQVXPLHUW ZLUG JHVFKOXFNW 'LH
:HOWLVWQXUIUXQVHUHQ+XQJHUGDHLQULHVLJHU$SIHOHLQH
ULHVLJH )ODVFKH HLQH ULHVLJH %UXVW ZLU VLQG 6lXJOLQJH GLH
HZLJ(UZDUWXQJVYROOHQGLHHZLJ+RIIQXQJVYROOHQXQGGLH
HZLJ (QWWlXVFKWHQ 8QVHU &KDUDNWHU LVW GDUDXI HLQJHULFKWHW
DXV]XWDXVFKHQ ]X HPSIDQJHQ XQG ]X YHUEUDXFKHQ $OOHV
JHLVWLJH ZLH DXFK PDWHULHOOH 'LQJH ZLUG ]XP 2EMHNW GHV
7DXVFKHVXQG9HUEUDXFKHV
+LQVLFKWOLFK GHU /LHEH HQWVSULFKW GLH 6LWXDWLRQ QRWZHQGL
JHUZHLVH GLHVHP JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ &KDUDNWHU GHV PRGHUQHQ
0HQVFKHQ$XWRPDWHQN|QQHQQLFKWOLHEHQVLHN|QQHQQXULKU
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVSDNHWDXVWDXVFKHQXQGGDQQKRIIHQHLQJXWHV
*HVFKlIWGDEHLJHPDFKW]XKDEHQ(LQZHVHQWOLFKHU$XVGUXFN
GHU /LHEH XQG EHVRQGHUV GHU (KH LQ GLHVHU HQWIUHPGHWHQ
6WUXNWXU LVW GLH ,GHH GHV 7HDPV ,Q XQ]lKOLJHQ $UWLNHOQ
EHU GLH JOFNOLFKH (KH ZLUG GDV ,GHDO DOV HLQ UHLEXQJVORV
IXQNWLRQLHUHQGHV7HDP EHVFKULHEHQ 'LHVH %HVFKUHLEXQJ XQ
WHUVFKHLGHWVLFKJDUQLFKWVRVHKUYRQGHU9RUVWHOOXQJGLHPDQ
YRQ HLQHP UHLEXQJVORV IXQNWLRQLHUHQGHQ$QJHVWHOOWHQ KDW HU
VROO DQJHPHVVHQ XQDEKlQJLJ HLQ JXWHU 0LWDUEHLWHU WROH
UDQWJOHLFK]HLWLJDEHUDXFKHKUJHL]LJXQGDQVSUXFKVYROOVHLQ
*HQDXVRVROOGHU(KHPDQQZLHGHU(KHEHUDWHUXQVPLWWHLOW
VHLQH)UDXYHUVWHKHQXQGLKUHLQH+LOIHVHLQ(UVROOVLFK
JQVWLJEHULKUQHXHV.OHLGlXHUQDEHUDXFKEHUGDV(VVHQ

6LH GDJHJHQ VROO LKQ YHUVWHKHQ ZHQQ HU PGH XQG PUULVFK
QDFK +DXVH NRPPW VROO LKP DXIPHUNVDP ]XK|UHQ ZHQQ HU
YRQ VHLQHQ EHUXLFKHQ 6RUJHQ VSULFKW XQG VROO QLFKW lUJHU
OLFK VRQGHUQ YHUVWlQGQLVYROO VHLQ ZHQQ HU LKUHQ *HEXUWVWDJ
YHUJLW 'DV DOOHV DEHU LVW QLFKWV DQGHUHV DOV GDV JXW JH|OWH
9HUKlOWQLV]ZLVFKHQ]ZHL0HQVFKHQGLHVLFKLKU/HEHQODQJ
IUHPG EOHLEHQ GLH QLH HLQ ]HQWUDOHV 9HUKlOWQLV HUUHLFKHQ
VRQGHUQVLFKJHJHQVHLWLJPLW+|LFKNHLWEHKDQGHOQXQGDOOHV
WXQGDPLWGHUDQGHUHVLFKZRKOIKOW,QGLHVHP%HJULIIYRQ
/LHEH XQG (KH OLHJW GLH %HWRQXQJ GDUDXI 6FKXW] YRU HLQHP
VRQVWXQHUWUlJOLFKHQ*HIKOYRQ(LQVDPNHLW]XQGHQ,QGHU
/LHEHKDWPDQHQGOLFKHLQHQ+DIHQJHIXQGHQ0DQVFKOLHW
HLQ]ZHLVHLWLJHV%QGQLVJHJHQGLH:HOWXQGGLHVHU(JRLVPXV
]X]ZHLWZLUGGDQQIU/LHEHXQG9HUWUDXWKHLWJHKDOWHQ
'LH%HWRQXQJGHV7HDPJHLVWHVGHUJHJHQVHLWLJHQ7ROHUDQ]
XQG VR ZHLWHU LVW HLQH YHUKlOWQLVPlLJ QHXH (QWZLFNOXQJ
,Q GHQ -DKUHQ QDFK GHP HUVWHQ :HOWNULHJ JLQJ LKU MHQHV
.RQ]HSW YRQ GHU /LHEH YRUDXV QDFK GHP GLH JHJHQVHLWLJH
VH[XHOOH %HIULHGLJXQJ GLH *UXQGODJH IU EHIULHGLJHQGH
/LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQXQGEHVRQGHUVIUHLQHJOFNOLFKH(KHVHLQ
VROOWH0DQJODXEWHGHQ*UXQGIUGLHYLHOHQXQJOFNOLFKHQ
(KHQ GDULQ JHIXQGHQ ]X KDEHQ GD GLH (KHSDUWQHU VLFK
VH[XHOO QLFKW ULFKWLJ DQSDVVHQ NRQQWHQ GHQ *UXQG IU
GLHVHQ )HKOHU VDK PDQ LQ GHU 8QZLVVHQKHLW KLQVLFKWOLFK GHV
ULFKWLJHQ VH[XHOOHQ 9HUKDOWHQV DOVR LQ GHU IHKOHUKDIWHQ
VH[XHOOHQ 7HFKQLN GHV HLQHQ 3DUWQHUV RGHU EHLGHU 3DUWQHU
8P GLHVHQ )HKOHU ]X EHVHLWLJHQ XQG MHQHQ XQJOFNOLFKHQ
3DDUHQ]XKHOIHQGLHVLFKQLFKW OLHEHQ NRQQWHQ JDEHQ YLHOH
%FKHU ,QVWUXNWLRQHQ XQG 5DWVFKOlJH EHU GDV ULFKWLJH

VH[XHOOH 9HUKDOWHQ XQG YHUVSUDFKHQ PHKU RGHU ZHQLJHU
GHXWOLFKGDQXQ*OFNXQG/LHEHYRQVHOEVWIROJHQZUGHQ
'LH]XJUXQGHOLHJHQGH,GHH EHVWDQG GDULQ GD GLH /LHEH DOV
.LQG GHV VH[XHOOHQ 9HUJQJHQV JDOW XQG GD PDQ JODXEWH
]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ GLH JHOHUQW KlWWHQ VLFK JHJHQVHLWLJ VH[XHOO
]XEHIULHGLJHQZUGHQVLFKGDQQDXFKOLHEHQ(VSDWHJHQDX
LQGLHDOOJHPHLQH,OOXVLRQGLHULFKWLJH7HFKQLNIUGLH/|VXQJ
QLFKWQXUGHU3UREOHPHGHULQGXVWULHOOHQ3URGXNWLRQVRQGHUQ
DXFKGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ3UREOHPH]XKDOWHQ0DQLJQRULHUWHGLH
7DWVDFKHGDJHUDGHGDV*HJHQWHLOGLHVHU]XJUXQGHOLHJHQGHQ
$QQDKPHZDKULVW
/LHEH LVW QLFKW GDV (UJHEQLV GHU VH[XHOOHQ %HIULHGLJXQJ
VRQGHUQ VH[XHOOHV *OFN XQG VRJDU GLH .HQQWQLV GHU
VRJHQDQQWHQVH[XHOOHQ7HFKQLNLVWGDV5HVXOWDWGHU/LHEH
:HQQGLHVH7KHVHDEJHVHKHQYRQDOOWlJOLFKHQ%HREDFKWXQJHQ
QRFK EHZLHVHQ ZHUGHQ PWH N|QQWH PDQ GLHVHQ %HZHLV LQ
GHPXPIDVVHQGHQ0DWHULDOSV\FKRDQDO\WLVFKHU$QJDEHQQGHQ
'DV 6WXGLXP GHU KlXJVWHQ VH[XHOOHQ 3UREOHPH )ULJLGLWlW
EHL )UDXHQ PHKU RGHU ZHQLJHU HUQVWH )RUPHQ SV\FKLVFKHU
,PSRWHQ] EHL 0lQQHUQ ]HLJW GD GHU *UXQG QLFKW LQ GHU
PDQJHOQGHQ .HQQWQLV GHU ULFKWLJHQ 7HFKQLN VRQGHUQ LQ GHQ
+HPPXQJHQOLHJWGLHHVXQP|JOLFKPDFKHQ]XOLHEHQ$QJVW
YRU GHP DQGHUHQ *HVFKOHFKW +D DXI GDV DQGHUH *HVFKOHFKW
VLQGGHU%RGHQGLHVHU6FKZLHULJNHLWHQGLHHLQHQ0HQVFKHQ
GDUDQ KLQGHUQ VLFK VHOEVW Y|OOLJ KLQ]XJHEHQ VSRQWDQ ]X
KDQGHOQ XQG GHP *HVFKOHFKWVSDUWQHU LQ GHU 'LUHNWKHLW XQG
8QPLWWHOEDUNHLW SK\VLVFKHU 1lKH ]X YHUWUDXHQ :HQQ HLQ
VH[XHOO JHKHPPWHU 0HQVFK VLFK YRQ VHLQHU $QJVW RGHU YRQ
VHLQHP+DIUHLPDFKHQNDQQXQGGDPLWIlKLJZLUG]XOLHKHQ

VLQGVHLQHVH[XHOOHQ3UREOHPHJHO|VWZHQQQLFKWNDQQLKP
DXFK HLQH XPIDVVHQGH .HQQWQLV GHU VH[XHOOHQ 7HFKQLN QLFKW
KHOIHQ
:lKUHQGGLH(UIDKUXQJHQGHUSV\FKRDQDO\WLVFKHQ7KHUDSLH
MHGRFK DXI GHQ 7UXJVFKOX GHU 9RUVWHOOXQJ YHUZHLVHQ GLH
.HQQWQLV GHU ULFKWLJHQ VH[XHOOHQ7HFKQLN IKUH ]X VH[XHOOHP
*OFNXQG/LHEHZXUGHGLH]XJUXQGHOLHJHQGH$QQDKPHGLH
/LHEHVHLHLQH%HJOHLWHUVFKHLQXQJGHUJHJHQVHLWLJHQVH[XHOOHQ
%HIULHGLJXQJ ZHLWJHKHQG YRQ GHQ hEHUOHJXQJHQ )UHXGV
EHHLQXW)U)UHXGZDUGLH/LHEHLP*UXQGHHLQVH[XHOOHV
3KlQRPHQ'LH(UIDKUXQJGDGLHJHVFKOHFKWOLFKHJHQLWDOH
/LHEH GHP 0HQVFKHQ GLH VWlUNVWHQ %HIULHGLJXQJVHUOHEQLVVH
JHZlKUHLKPHLJHQWOLFKGDV9RUELOGIUDOOHV*OFNJHEHPWH
HVQDKHJHOHJWKDEHQGLH*OFNVEHIULHGLJXQJLP/HEHQDXFK
ZHLWHUKLQDXIGHP*HELHWGHUJHVFKOHFKWOLFKHQ%H]LHKXQJHQ
]XVXFKHQGLHJHQLWDOH(URWLNLQGHQ0LWWHOSXQNWGHV/HEHQV
]X VWHOOHQ 'DV (UOHEQLV GHU 1lFKVWHQOLHEH LVW IU )UHXG
HLQH)ROJHGHV6H[XDOYHUODQJHQVEHLGHPGHU6H[XDOLQVWLQNW
MHGRFKLQHLQH]LHOJHKHPPWH5HJXQJXPJHZDQGHOWLVW'LH
]LHOJHKHPPWH /LHEH ZDU HEHQ XUVSUQJOLFK YROOVLQQOLFKH
/LHEHXQGLVWHVLP8QEHZXWHQGHV0HQVFKHQQRFKLPPHU
,P +LQEOLFN DXI GDV *HIKO GHU (LQKHLW R]HDQLVFKHV
*HIKO GDV GDV :HVHQ GHV P\VWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLVVHV XQG
GLH:XU]HOGHVLQWHQVLYHQ*HIKOVGHU9HUHLQLJXQJPLWHLQHU
DQGHUHQ 3HUVRQ RGHU GHP 0LWPHQVFKHQ LVW ZXUGH VLH YRQ

6)UHXG$EULGHU3V\FKRDQDO\VHXQG'DV8QEHKDJHQLQGHU.XOWXU
)UDQNIXUW06

(EHQGD6

)UHXG DOV SDWKRORJLVFKHV 3KlQRPHQ DOV :LHGHUKHUVWHOOXQJ
GHVXQHLQJHVFKUlQNWHQ1DU]LPXVLQWHUSUHWLHUW
(V LVW QXU HLQ 6FKULWW LQ GLH JOHLFKH 5LFKWXQJ GD GLH
/LHEHIU)UHXGLQVLFKVHOEVWHLQLUUDWLRQDOHV3KlQRPHQLVW
'HU 8QWHUVFKLHG ]ZLVFKHQ LUUDWLRQDOHU /LHEH XQG /LHEH DOV
$XVGUXFNGHUUHLIHQ3HUV|QOLFKNHLWH[LVWLHUWIULKQQLFKW,Q
VHLQHQ %HPHUNXQJHQ EHU GLH hEHUWUDJXQJVOLHEH ZLHV HU
GDUDXI KLQ GD GLH hEHUWUDJXQJVOLHEH LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ VLFK
QLFKWYRQGHUQRUPDOHQ/LHKHXQWHUVFKHLGH9HUOLHEHQJUHQ]W
LPPHU DQV $EQRUPH LVW LPPHU YRQ %OLQGKHLW JHJHQEHU
GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW EHJOHLWHW XQG LVW HLQH hEHUWUDJXQJ YRQ
GHQ /LHEHVREMHNWHQ GHU .LQGKHLW 'LH /LHEH DOV UDWLRQDOHV
3KlQRPHQ DOV .U|QXQJ GHU 5HLIH ZDU IU )UHXG NHLQ
)RUVFKXQJVREMHNWGDVLHNHLQHZLUNOLFKH([LVWHQ]KDWWH
(V ZlUH MHGRFK HLQ )HKOHU GHQ (LQX GHU )UHXGVFKHQ
,GHHQ DXI GLH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ YRQ GHU /LHEH DOV (UJHEQLV
VH[XHOOHU$Q]LHKXQJ]XEHUVFKlW]HQ,PZHVHQWOLFKHQOlXIW
GLH.DXVDOUHLKHJHQDXHQWJHJHQJHVHW]W)UHXGV,GHHQZDUHQ]X
HLQHP7HLOYRP*HLVWGHV-DKUKXQGHUWVEHHLQXW]XP7HLO
ZXUGHQ VLH GXUFK GHQ YRUKHUUVFKHQGHQ *HLVW GHU -DKUH QDFK
GHLQHUVWHQ:HOWNULHJSRSXOlU(LQHUGHU)DNWRUHQGLHVRZRKO
GLHSRSXOlUHQDOVDXFKGLH)UHXGVFKHQ.RQ]HSWHEHHLQIOXVVHQ
ZDULQHUVWHU/LQLHGLH5HDNWLRQDXIGLHVWUHQJH6LWWHQPRUDO
GHVDXVJHKHQGHQ-DKUKXQGHUWV
'HU ]ZHLWH )DNWRU GHU )UHXGV 7KHRULHQ EHVWLPPWH
ODJ LQ GHP YRUKHUUVFKHQGHQ DQWKURSRORJLVFKHQ .RQ]HSW

(EHQGD6
)UHXG*HVDPPHOWH:HUNH%DQG;6/RQGRQ

YRP 0HQVFKHQ GDV ZLHGHUXP DXI GHU 6WUXNWXU GHV
.DSLWDOLVPXVEHUXKW8P]XEHZHLVHQGDGHU.DSLWDOLVPXV
GHQQDWUOLFKHQ%HGUIQLVVHQGHV0HQVFKHQHQWVSUHFKHPXWH
PDQQDFKZHLVHQGHUGHU0HQVFKVHLQHPJDQ]HQ:HVHQQDFKHLQ
.RQNXUUHQWXQGGHUHLQHGHU)HLQGGHVDQGHUHQVHL:lKUHQGGLH
gNRQRPHQGLHVH%HKDXSWXQJPLWGHPXQVWLOOEDUHQ9HUODQJHQ
QDFK ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHP *HZLQQ XQG GLH 'DUZLQLVWHQ VLH PLW
GHP ELRORJLVFKHQ *HVHW] YRP hEHUOHEHQ GHV 7FKWLJVWHQ
EHZLHVHQNDP)UHXG]XGHPJOHLFKHQ5HVXOWDWGXUFKGLH
$QQDKPHGDGHU0DQQYRQHLQHPXQEHJUHQ]WHQ9HUODQJHQ
QDFK(UREHUXQJDOOHU)UDXHQJHWULHEHQZHUGHXQGGDQXUGHU
'UXFN GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW LKQ GDYRQ DEKDOWH VHLQHP9HUODQJHQ
HQWVSUHFKHQG ]X KDQGHOQ )ROJOLFK ZlUHQ DOOH 0lQQHU
DXIHLQDQGHU HLIHUVFKWLJ XQG GLH JHJHQVHLWLJH (LIHUVXFKW
GLH .RQNXUUHQ] ZUGH VHOEVW GDQQ QRFK DQGDXHUQ ZHQQ
DOOH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ XQG ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ *UQGH GDIU
YHUVFKZlQGHQ
6FKOLHOLFKZXUGH)UHXGLQVHLQHP'HQNHQDXFKYRQMHQHU
$UW GHV 0DWHULDOLVPXV EHHLQIOXW GLH LP -DKUKXQGHUW
YRUKHUUVFKWH 0DQ JODXEWH GD GLH %DVLV IU DOOH JHLVWLJHQ
3KlQRPHQH LQ GHQ SK\VLRORJLVFKHQ 3KlQRPHQHQ JHIXQGHQ
ZHUGHQ N|QQH VR ZXUGHQ /LHEH +D (KUJHL] XQG
(LIHUVXFKW YRQ )UHXG DOV )ROJHQ HEHQVR YLHOHU )RUPHQ GHV
6H[XDOLQVWLQNWHVHUNOlUW(UVDKQLFKWGDGLHJUXQGOHJHQGH
:LUNOLFKNHLWLQGHQ%HGLQJXQJHQGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ]
OLHJW ]XQlFKVW LQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6LWXDWLRQ GLH DOOHQ

'HU HLQ]LJH 6FKOHU GHU VLFK QLH YRQ )UHXG WUHQQWH GHU DEHU WURW]GHP VHLQH
$QVLFKWHQEHUGLH/LHEHLQGHQOHW]WHQ/HEHQVMDKUHQlQGHUWHZDU6iQGRU)HUHQF]L
(LQHDXVJH]HLFKQHWH'LVNXVVLRQGLHVHV7KHPDVQGHWVLFKLQ,]HWWHGH)RUHVW7KH
/HDYHQRI/RYH+DUSHU %URWKHUV1HZ<RUN

0HQVFKHQJHPHLQVDPLVWXQGGDQQLQGHU/HEHQVSUD[LVGLH
YRQGHUEHVRQGHUHQ6WUXNWXUGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWEHVWLPPWZLUG
'HUHQWVFKHLGHQGH6FKULWWEHUGLHVH$UWYRQ0DWHULDOLVPXV
KLQDXV ZXUGH YRQ 0DU[ LQ VHLQHP KLVWRULVFKHQ
0DWHULDOLVPXV JHWDQ LQ GHP ZHGHU GHU .|USHU QRFK HLQ
,QVWLQNW ZLH GDV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK 1DKUXQJ RGHU %HVLW] DOV
6FKOVVHO]XP9HUVWlQGQLVGHV0HQVFKHQGLHQHQVRQGHUQGHU
JHVDPWH/HEHQVSUR]HGHV0HQVFKHQVHLQH/HEHQVSUD[LV
1DFK )UHXG ZUGH DOVR GLH YROOVWlQGLJH XQG XQJHKHPPWH
%HIULHGLJXQJDOOHULQVWLQNWLYHQ:QVFKHJHLVWLJH*HVXQGKHLW
XQG*OFNVFKDIIHQ'LHRIIHQVLFKWOLFKHQNOLQLVFKHQ7DWVDFKHQ
]HLJHQ MHGRFK GD 0lQQHU XQG )UDXHQ GLH LKU /HEHQ
ODQJ GDV VH[XHOOH 9HUODQJHQ XQJHKHPPW EHIULHGLJWHQ
NHLQHVZHJV GDGXUFK JOFNOLFK ZHUGHQ VRQGHUQ VHKU RIW DQ
HUQVWHQ QHXURWLVFKHQ .RQLNWHQ XQG 6\PSWRPHQ OHLGHQ
'LH YROOVWlQGLJH %HIULHGLJXQJ DOOHU LQVWLQNWLYHQ :QVFKH
LVW QLFKW QXU NHLQH %DVLV IU GDV *OFN VRQGHUQ JDUDQWLHUW
QLFKWHLQPDOPLQLPDOHVHHOLVFKH*HVXQGKHLW8QGWURW]GHP
NRQQWH)UHXGV,GHHLQGHU3HULRGHQDFKGHPHUVWHQ:HOWNULHJ
VR SRSXOlU ZHUGHQ ZHLO VLFK JHZLVVH 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ LP
*HLVW GHV .DSLWDOLVPXV YROO]RJHQ KDWWHQ 'HU 1DFKGUXFN
ZXUGH YRP 6SDUHQ DXI GDV .RQVXPLHUHQ YHUODJHUW YRQ GHU
6HOEVWEHVFKHLGXQJ DOV 0LWWHO ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ (UIROJHV ]XP
9HUEUDXFK DOV *UXQGODJH HLQHV VLFK HUZHLWHUQGHQ 0DUNWHV
XQGDOV+DXSWEHIULHGLJXQJIUGDVlQJVWOLFKHDXWRPDWLVLHUWH
(LQ]HOZHVHQ'LH%HIULHGLJXQJLUJHQGHLQHV9HUODQJHQVQLFKW
DXIVFKLHEHQ ZXUGH ]XP 3ULQ]LS QLFKW QXU LQ GHU 6SKlUH
GHV PDWHULHOOHQ 9HUEUDXFKV VRQGHUQ DXFK LQ GHU VH[XHOOHQ
6SKlUH

/LHEHDOVJHJHQVHLWLJHVH[XHOOH%HIULHGLJXQJVRZLH/LHEHDOV
7HDPZRUNXQGDOV6FKXW]KDIHQYRUGHU(LQVDPNHLWVLQGGLH
EHLGHQ QRUPDOHQ )RUPHQ GHV 9HUIDOOV GHU /LHEH LQ GHU
PRGHUQHQZHVWOLFKHQ*HVHOOVFKDIWGLHJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKEHGLQJWH
XQG JHIRUPWH 3DWKRORJLH GHU /LHEH (V JLEW YHUVFKLHGHQH
LQGLYLGXDOLVLHUWH)RUPHQGLHVHU3DWKRORJLHGLHLPEHZXWHQ
/HLGHQ HQGHQ XQG GLH YRQ 3V\FKLDWHUQ ZLH DXFK YRQ HLQHU
VWlQGLJZDFKVHQGHQ=DKOYRQ/DLHQIUQHXURWLVFKJHKDOWHQ
ZHUGHQ(LQLJHGHUKlXILJDXIWUHWHQGHQ)RUPHQZHUGHQPLW
GHQIROJHQGHQ%HLVSLHOHQNXU]EHVFKULHEHQ
'LH*UXQGEHGLQJXQJIUGLHQHXURWLVFKH/LHEHOLHJWLQGHU
7DWVDFKHGDHLQHURGHUEHLGHGHU/LHEHQGHQZHLWHUKLQDQ
GLH*HVWDOWGHV9DWHUVRGHUGHU0XWWHUIL[LHUWLVWXQGVHLQH
*HIKOH (UZDUWXQJHQ XQG bQJVWH GLH VLFK IUKHU DXI GHQ
9DWHU RGHU GLH 0XWWHU EH]RJHQ LP HUZDFKVHQHQ /HEHQ DXI
GLH JHOLHEWH 3HUVRQ EHUWUDJHQ ZHUGHQ 'LH EHWHLOLJWHQ
3HUVRQHQ VLQG QLH EHU GDV 6WDGLXP LQIDQWLOHU %LQGXQJHQ
KLQDXVJHNRPPHQXQGVXFKHQVLHQXQDXFKDOV(UZDFKVHQH
,QGLHVHQ)lOOHQLVWGHU0HQVFKLQVHLQHPDIIHNWLYHQ/HEHQ
HLQ .LQG YRQ ]ZHL IQI RGHU ]Z|OI -DKUHQ JHEOLHEHQ
ZlKUHQG HU LQWHOOHNWXHOO XQG VR]LDO VHLQHP ZLUNOLFKHQ
$OWHUHQWVSULFKW,QHUQVWHUHQ)lOOHQIKUWGLHVH8QUHLIHGHU
*HIKOH]X6W|UXQJHQLQGHUJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ:LUNVDPNHLW
LQZHQLJHUHUQVWHQ)lOOHQGDJHJHQLVWGHU.RQIOLNWDXIGLH
6SKlUHGHULQWLPHQSHUV|QOLFKHQ%H]LHKXQJHQEHVFKUlQNW
$XI XQVHUH YRUKHUJHJDQJHQH 'LVNXVVLRQ GHU 9DWHU
RGHU 0XWWHU]HQWULHUWHQ 3HUVRQHQ ]XUFNNRPPHQG KDQ
GHOW HV VLFK EHL GHP IROJHQGHQ %HLVSLHO QHXURWLVFKHU

/LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQ GLH PDQ KHXWH KlXILJ DQWULIIW XP
0lQQHU GHUHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU *HIKOH LQ LKUHU LQIDQWL
OHQ %LQGXQJ DQ GLH 0XWWHU VWHFNHQJHEOLHEHQ LVW (V VLQG
0lQQHU GLH VR]XVDJHQ QLHPDOV HQWZ|KQW ZRUGHQ
VLQG 'LHVH 0lQQHU IKOHQ VLFK LPPHU QRFK DOV .LQGHU
VLH EUDXFKHQ GHQ PWWHUOLFKHQ 6FKXW] GLH PWWHUOLFKH
/LHEH :lUPH )UVRUJH XQG %HZXQGHUXQJ 6LH EUDXFKHQ
GLHEHGLQJXQJVORVH/LHEHGHU0XWWHUHLQH/LHEHGLHDXV
NHLQHPDQGHUHQ*UXQGHDOVGHPJHJHEHQZLUGGDVLHVLH
EUDXFKHQGDVLH.LQGHULKUHU0XWWHUVLQGGDVLHKLOIORV
VLQG6ROFKH0HQVFKHQVLQGRIWVHKUKHU]OLFKXQGFKDUPDQW
ZHQQVLHYHUVXFKHQHLQH)UDXGD]X]XEULQJHQVLH]XOLH
EHQ XQG DXFK ZHQQ HV LKQHQ JHJOFNW LVW EOHLEHQ VLH HV
QRFK,KUH%H]LHKXQJ]XU)UDXZLHLQ:LUNOLFKNHLW]XDOOHQ
0HQVFKHQEOHLEWMHGRFKIOFKWLJXQGRKQH9HUDQWZRUWXQJ
,KU=LHOLVWHVJHOLHEW]XZHUGHQDEHUQLFKWVHOEVW]XOLH
EHQ%HLGLHVHP7\SILQGHWPDQKlXILJDXFKHLQHHUKHEOLFKH
3RUWLRQ(LWHONHLWPHKURGHUZHQLJHUYHUVWHFNWHJUDQGLRVH
,GHHQ:HQQVLHGLHULFKWLJH)UDXJHIXQGHQKDEHQIKOHQ
VLH VLFK VLFKHU XQG DOOHU:HOW EHUOHJHQ GDQQ N|QQHQ VLH
DXFK DQGHUHQ JHJHQEHU VHKU KHU]OLFK XQG DXVJHVSURFKHQ
FKDUPDQW VHLQ :HQQ GLH )UDX MHGRFK QDFK HLQLJHU =HLW
QLFKW PHKU LKUHQ SKDQWDVWLVFKHQ (UZDUWXQJHQ HQWVSULFKW
EHJLQQW GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ YRQ .RQIOLNWHQ XQG 5HLEHUHLHQ
:HQQGLH)UDXVLHQLFKWGDXHUQGEHZXQGHUWZHQQVLHEH
DQVSUXFKWHLQHLJHQHV/HEHQ]XIKUHQZHQQVLHVHOEVWJH
OLHEWXQGEHVFKW]WZHUGHQP|FKWHXQGZHQQVLHLQH[WUH
PHQ)lOOHQQLFKWEHUHLWLVWLKPVHLQH/LHEHVDIIlUHQPLW
DQGHUHQ)UDXHQ]XYHU]HLKHQRGHUVRJDUHLQEHZXQGHUQGHV

,QWHUHVVH GDIU ]X ]HLJHQ GDQQ IKOW GHU 0DQQ VLFK ]X
WLHIVW YHUOHW]W XQG HQWWlXVFKW XQG JHZ|KQOLFK YHUHLQIDFKW
HUGLHVHV*HIKOGXUFKGLH9RUVWHOOXQJGDGLH)UDXLKQ
QLFKW OLHEW VHOEVWVFKWLJ RGHU W\UDQQLVFK LVW ,UJHQGHLQH
IHKOHQGH.OHLQLJNHLWDQGHU+DOWXQJHLQHUOLHEHQGHQ0XWWHU
]XLKUHPEH]DXEHUQGHQ.LQGZLUGDOV%HZHLVGHUIHKOHQGHQ
/LHEH JHQRPPHQ 'LHVH 0lQQHU YHUZHFKVHOQ JHZ|KQOLFK
LKUFKDUPDQWHV9HUKDOWHQXQGLKUHQ:XQVFK)UHXGH]XEH
UHLWHQPLWZDKUHU/LHEHXQGNRPPHQGDQQ]XGHP6FKOX
GD VLH XQJHUHFKW EHKDQGHOW ZHUGHQ 6LH ELOGHQ VLFK HLQ
JURDUWLJH/LHEKDEHU]XVHLQXQGEHNODJHQVLFKELWWHUOLFK
EHUGLH8Q]XIULHGHQKHLWLKUHU3DUWQHU
,QVHOWHQHQ)lOOHQNDQQHLQ0DQQGHVVHQ0XWWHULPPHUQRFK
LP 0LWWHOSXQNW VWHKW RKQH HUQVWH 6W|UXQJHQ IXQNWLRQLHUHQ
:HQQVHLQH0XWWHULKQWDWVlFKOLFKLQHLQHUEHUVWHLJHUWHQ:HLVH
OLHEWHYLHOOHLFKWZDUVLHDXFKW\UDQQLVFK RKQH GHVWUXNWLY
]X VHLQ ZHQQ HU HLQH )UDX GHV JOHLFKHQ PWWHUOLFKHQ7\SV
QGHWZHQQVHLQHEHVRQGHUHQ %HJDEXQJHQ XQG7DOHQWH LKP
HUODXEHQ VHLQHQ &KDUPH ]X HQWIDOWHQ XQG VLFK EHZXQGHUQ
]X ODVVHQ ZLH HV PDQFKPDO EHL HUIROJUHLFKHQ 3ROLWLNHUQ
GHU)DOOLVWGDQQKDWHUVLFKLQJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHP6LQQHJXW
HLQJHRUGQHWRKQHGRFKMHPDOVHLQHJU|HUHVHHOLVFKH5HLIH
]X HUUHLFKHQ $EHU XQWHU ZHQLJHU JQVWLJHQ %HGLQJXQJHQ
XQGVLHVLQGQDWUOLFKKlXJHUZLUGVHLQ/LHEHVOHEHQZHQQ
QLFKW DXFK VHLQ JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHV /HEHQ ]X HLQHU HUQVWOLFKHQ
(QWWlXVFKXQJ .RQLNWH XQG RIW DXFK KHIWLJH $QJVW VRZLH
'HSUHVVLRQHQHQWVWHKHQZHQQGLHVHU3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVW\SVLFK
DOOHLQJHODVVHQIKOW

,Q HLQHU QRFK HUQVWHUHQ )RUP GHU 3DWKRORJLH LVW GLH
%LQGXQJ DQ GLH 0XWWHU WLHIHU XQG LUUDWLRQDOHU $XI GLHVHU
(EHQHJHKWHVQLFKWV\PEROLVFKDXVJHGUFNWXPGLH5FNNHKU
LQGLHVFKW]HQGHQ$UPHGHU0XWWHURGHU]XLKUHUQlKUHQGHQ
%UXVWVRQGHUQXPGLH5FNNHKULQLKUHQDOOHVHPSIDQJHQGHQ
XQG ]HUVW|UHQGHQ 6FKR :HQQ HV GDV :HVHQ GHU
VHHOLVFKHQ *HVXQGKHLW LVW DXV GHP 0XWWHUOHLE LQ GLH :HOW
KLQHLQ]XZDFKVHQ LVW HV GDV :HVHQ GHU VFKZHUHQ VHHOLVFKHQ
(UNUDQNXQJYRP0XWWHUVFKRDQJH]RJHQ]XZHUGHQZLHGHU
LQLKQ]XUFNJH]RJHQ]XZHUGHQXQGGDVKHLWDXVGHP/HEHQ
JHQRPPHQ ]X ZHUGHQ 'LHVH $UW %LQGXQJ PDJ JHZ|KQOLFK
LQ GHU %H]LHKXQJ ]X 0WWHUQ DXIWUHWHQ GLH VLFK LQ GLHVHU
DXIVDXJHQG]HUVW|UHQGHQ:HLVHDQLKUH.LQGHUDQVFKOLHHQ
0DQFKPDOLP1DPHQGHU/LHEHPDQFKPDOLQGHPGHU3LFKW
ZROOHQ VLH GDV .LQG GHQ +HUDQZDFKVHQGHQ GHQ 0DQQ LQ
VLFKEHKDOWHQ$WPHQN|QQHQVROOHUDOOHLQGXUFKVLHOLHEHQ
GDUI HU QLFKW DEJHVHKHQ YRQ JDQ] REHUlFKOLFKHQ VH[XHOOHQ
(UOHEQLVVHQGXUFKGLHDOOHDQGHUHQ)UDXHQHUQLHGULJWZHUGHQ
(UGDUIQLFKWIUHLXQGQLFKWXQDEKlQJLJVHLQVRQGHUQQXUHLQ
HZLJHU.USSHORGHUHLQ9HUEUHFKHU
'LHVHU]HUVW|UHULVFKHYHUVFKOLQJHQGH0XWWHUDVSHNWLVWGHU
QHJDWLYH$VSHNWGHU0XWWHUJHVWDOW'LH0XWWHUNDQQQLFKWQXU
/HEHQJHEHQVRQGHUQDXFK/HEHQQHKPHQ6LHLVWGLHMHQLJH
GLHEHOHEWXQGHEHQVRGLHMHQLJHGLH]HUVW|UW6LHNDQQ:XQGHU
GHU/LHEHWXQXQGQLHPDQGNDQQWLHIHUYHUOHW]HQDOVVLH,Q
UHOLJL|VHQ6\PEROHQZLHGHPGHU+LQGXJ|WWLQ.DOLXQGLP
7UDXPV\PEROLVPXVNDQQPDQGLHVHEHLGHQHQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ
0XWWHUDVSHNWHKlXJQGHQ

(LQHJDQ]DQGHUH)RUPGHUQHXURWLVFKHQ3DWKRORJLHQGHW
PDQ LQ MHQHQ )lOOHQ LQ GHQHQ GLH %LQGXQJ DQ GHQ 9DWHU
YRUKHUUVFKW
(LQHQWVSUHFKHQGHU)DOOLVWGHUHLQHV0DQQHVGHVVHQ0XWWHU
NDOWXQG]XUFNKDOWHQGLVWZlKUHQGGHU9DWHUWHLOZHLVHDOV
(UJHEQLV GHU .lOWH VHLQHU )UDX VHLQH JDQ]H =XQHLJXQJ XQG
VHLQ JDQ]HV ,QWHUHVVH DXI GHQ 6RKQ NRQ]HQWULHUWH (U LVW HLQ
JXWHU9DWHU ]XJOHLFK DEHU DXFK HLQ JHELHWHULVFKHU 6REDOG
HU VLFK EHU GDV9HUKDOWHQ VHLQHV 6RKQHV IUHXW OREW HU LKQ
EHVFKHQNW HU LKQ XQG LVW HU KHU]OLFK VREDOG GHU 6RKQ LKP
PLIlOOW]LHKWHUVLFK]XUFNRGHUVFKLPSIWHU'HU6RKQIU
GHQGLH=XQHLJXQJGHV9DWHUVGDVHLQ]LJHLVWZDVHUKDWZLUG
LQVNODYLVFKHU:HLVHDQGHQ9DWHUJHEXQGHQ'DV+DXSW]LHO
VHLQHV /HEHQV LVW HV GHQ9DWHU ]X HUIUHXHQ XQG ZHQQ LKP
GLHVJHOLQJWIKOWHUVLFKJOFNOLFKVLFKHUXQGEHIULHGLJW:HQQ
HUMHGRFKHLQHQ)HKOHUEHJHKWHWZDV)DOVFKHVWXWZHQQHV
LKP QLFKW JHOLQJW GHP 9DWHU ]X JHIDOOHQ IKOW HU VLFK OHHU
XQJHOLHEW XQG YHUVWRHQ ,P VSlWHUHQ /HEHQ ZLUG GLHVHU
0DQQ YHUVXFKHQ HLQH 9DWHUJHVWDOW ]X QGHQ DQ GLH HU VLFK
LQlKQOLFKHU:HLVHELQGHW6HLQJDQ]HV/HEHQZLUG]X HLQHP
VWlQGLJHQ$XIXQG$EEHGLQJWGDGXUFKREHVLKPJHOLQJWGDV
YlWHUOLFKH/RE]XYHUGLHQHQRGHUQLFKW*HVHOOVFKDIWOLFKVLQG
GLHVH0HQVFKHQKlXJVHKUHUIROJUHLFKVLHVLQGJHZLVVHQKDIW
YHUWUDXHQVZUGLJ XQG HLIULJ YRUDXVJHVHW]W LKU HUZlKOWHV
9DWHUELOGYHUVWHKWVLHULFKWLJ]XEHKDQGHOQ,QLKUHP9HUKlOWQLV
]X)UDXHQEOHLEHQVLHMHGRFK]XUFNKDOWHQGXQGGLVWDQ]LHUW
)UDXHQKDEHQIUVLHNHLQH]HQWUDOH%HGHXWXQJJHZ|KQOLFK
HPSQGHQVLHIUZHLEOLFKH*HVFK|SIHHLQHOHLVH9HUDFKWXQJ
GLHVLHRIWKLQWHUHLQHPYlWHUOLFKHQ,QWHUHVVHZLHPDQHVIU

HLQNOHLQHV0lGFKHQHPSILQGHWYHUEHUJHQ$QIDQJVN|QQHQ
VLH DXI )UDXHQ GXUFK LKUH PDVNXOLQHQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ HLQHQ
JHZLVVHQ(LQGUXFNPDFKHQGLH(QWWlXVFKXQJZlFKVWMHGRFK
ZHQQGLH)UDXGLHVLHJHKHLUDWHWKDEHQHQWGHFNWGDVLH
QDFKGHU9DWHUJHVWDOWGLHLP/HEHQLKUHV0DQQHVLPPHUHLQH
KHUYRUUDJHQGH 5ROOH VSLHOW HUVW LQ ]ZHLWHU /LQLH NRPPW
(LQH $XVQDKPH WULWW QXU GDQQ HLQ ZHQQ GLH )UDX ]XIlOOLJ
VHOEVW YDWHUJHEXQGHQ EOHLEW XQG GHVKDOE PLW HLQHP 0DQQ
JOFNOLFKLVWGHU]XLKUGDVJOHLFKH9HUKlOWQLVZLH]XHLQHP
NDSUL]L|VHQ.LQGKDW
.RPSOL]LHUWHU LVW MHQH $UW YRQ 6W|UXQJHQ LQ GHU /LHEH
GLH DXI HLQHU JDQ] DQGHUHQ $UW GHV 9HUKlOWQLVVHV ]X GHQ
(OWHUQEHUXKWXQGGLHDXIWUHWHQZHQQGLH(OWHUQVLFKQLFKW
OLHEHQ MHGRFK ]X EHKHUUVFKW VLQG XP VLFK ]X VWUHLWHQ RGHU
LKUH8Q]XIULHGHQKHLWlXHUOLFK]X]HLJHQ*OHLFK]HLWLJVLQGVLH
DXFK LQ LKUHP 9HUKlOWQLV ]X GHQ HLJHQHQ .LQGHUQ JHKHPPW
(LQ0lGFKHQHUOHEWGDQQHLQH$WPRVSKlUHGHU.RUUHNWKHLW
QLHPDOVMHGRFKHLQHQHQJHQ.RQWDNWPLWGHU0XWWHURGHUGHP
9DWHUXQGVREOHLEHQOHGLJOLFK9HUZLUUXQJXQGbQJVWOLFKNHLW
]XUFN'DV0lGFKHQZHLQLHJHQDXZDVGLH(OWHUQIKOHQ
RGHUGHQNHQLQGHU$WPRVSKlUHOLHJWLPPHUHLQ(OHPHQWGHV
8QEHNDQQWHQ GHV /HHUHQ 'LH )ROJH LVW GD GDV 0lGFKHQ
VLFKLQVHLQHHLJHQH:HOW]XUFN]LHKWLQVHLQH7DJWUlXPHXQG
LQ VHLQH HLJHQH $EJHVFKORVVHQKHLW XQG GLH JOHLFKH +DOWXQJ
EHKlOWHVDXFKLQVHLQHQVSlWHUHQ/LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQ
'LH=XUFNJH]RJHQKHLWUHVXOWLHUWIHUQHULQGHU(QWZLFNOXQJ
YRQ$QJVWXQGGHP*HIKOQLFKWIHVWLQGLHVHU:HOWJHJUQGHW
]X VHLQ VFKOLHOLFK IKUW VLH KlXJ ]X PDVRFKLVWLVFKHQ

1HLJXQJHQDOVGHUHLQ]LJHQ0|JOLFKNHLWHLQHQLQWHQVLYHQ5HL]
]XHUOHEHQ6ROFKHQ)UDXHQZlUHHVRIWOLHEHUGHU(KHPDQQ
PDFKWHLKQHQHLQH6]HQHXQGEUOOWHVLHDQVWDWWVLFKQRUPDO
XQG YHUQQIWLJ ]X EHWUDJHQ ZHLO LKQHQ GDPLW ZHQLJVWHQV GLH
/DVW GHU 6SDQQXQJ XQG $QJVW JHQRPPHQ ZUGH 1LFKW DOO]X VHOWHQ
SURYR]LHUHQVLHXQEHZXW HLQ GHUDUWLJHV9HUKDOWHQ XP GLH TXlOHQGH
8QJHZLKHLWGHUDIIHNWLYHQ/HHUH]XEHHQGHQ
$QGHUHKlXILJDXIWUHWHQGH)RUPHQLUUDWLRQDOHU/LHEHVLQG
LQ GHQ IROJHQGHQ$EVFKQLWWHQ EHKDQGHOW RKQH HLQH$QDO\VH
GHU EHVRQGHUHQ )DNWRUHQ NLQGOLFKHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GLH LKUH
8UVDFKHVLQG]XJHEHQ
(LQH)RUPGHU3VHXGR/LHEHGLHQLFKWVHOWHQLVWXQGRIWDOV
GLH JURH /LHEH HUOHEW ZLUG QRFK |IWHU MHGRFK LQ )LOPHQ
XQG5RPDQHQEHVFKULHEHQZLUGLVWGLHDEJ|WWLVFKH/LHEH
:HQQ HLQ 0HQVFK MHQH (EHQH QLFKW HUUHLFKW KDW DXI GHU HU
HLQ *HIKO IU ,GHQWLWlW HLQ 6HOEVWJHIKO KDW GDV LQ GHU
VFK|SIHULVFKHQ (QWIDOWXQJ VHLQHU HLJHQHQ .UlIWH ZXU]HOW
QHLJW HU GD]X GLH JHOLHEWH 3HUVRQ ]X YHUJ|WWHUQ (U LVW
VHLQHQHLJHQHQ.UlIWHQHQWIUHPGHWXQGSURML]LHUWVLHDXIGLH
JHOLHEWH 3HUVRQ GLH DOV GDV VXPPXP ERQXP DOV GLH 4XHOOH
DOOHU/LHEHDOOHQ/LFKWHVXQGDOOHQ6HJHQV YHUHKUW ZLUG ,Q
GLHVHP9RUJDQJEHUDXEWGHU0HQVFKVLFKGHV%HZXWVHLQV
VHLQHU .UDIW XQG YHUOLHUW VLFK DQ GHQ *HOLHEWHQ VWDWW VLFK
VHOEVW]XQGHQ'DNHLQ0HQVFKDXIGLH'DXHUJHVHKHQGHQ
(UZDUWXQJHQ GHV DEJ|WWLVFKHQ 9HUHKUHUV HQWVSUHFKHQ NDQQ
WUHWHQQDWUOLFK(QWWlXVFKXQJHQDXIXQGDOV/|VXQJVXFKWPDQ
QDFKHLQHPQHXHQ,GROPDQFKPDOLQHLQHPYHUQLFKWHQGHQ
.UHLVODXI &KDUDNWHULVWLVFK IU GLHVH $UW DEJ|WWLVFKHU
/LHEH LVW ]X $QIDQJ GLH ,QWHQVLWlW XQG 3O|W]OLFKNHLW GHV

/LHEHVHUOHEQLVVHV 'LHVH DEJ|WWLVFKH /LHEH ZLUG KlXJ DOV
GLHZDKUHXQGJURH/LHEHEH]HLFKQHWDEHUZlKUHQGPDQGLH
,QWHQVLWlWXQGGLH7LHIHGHU/LHEH]XEHVFKUHLEHQPHLQWYHUUlW
VLHGRFKQXUGHQ+XQJHUXQGGLH(LQVDPNHLWGHVDEJ|WWLVFK
/LHEHQGHQ (V EUDXFKW ZRKO QLFKW EHVRQGHUV EHWRQW ]X
ZHUGHQGDVLFKQLFKWVHOWHQ]ZHL0HQVFKHQLQJHJHQVHLWLJHU
DEJ|WWLVFKHU /LHEH ]XVDPPHQQGHQ GLH LQ H[WUHPHQ )lOOHQ
PDQFKPDOGDV%LOGHLQHUIROLHjGHX[ELHWHW
(LQH ZHLWHUH )RUP GHU 3VHXGR/LHEH LVW GDV ZDV PDQ
VHQWLPHQWDOH /LHEH QHQQHQ NDQQ ,KU :HVHQ OLHJW LQ GHU
7DWVDFKHGDGLH/LHEHQXULQGHU3KDQWDVLHXQGQLFKWLQGHU
KLHUXQGMHW]WVWDWWILQGHQGHQ9HUELQGXQJPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ
0HQVFKHQ GHU ZLUNOLFK LVW H[LVWLHUW 'LH DP ZHLWHVWHQ
YHUEUHLWHWH )RUP GLHVHU $UW /LHEH ILQGHW PDQ LQ GHU
(UVDW]EHIULHGLJXQJ GLH GHU .RQVXPHQW YRQ /LHEHVOPHQ
/LHEHVURPDQHQ XQG /LHEHVOLHGHUQ HUOHEW $OOH XQHUIOOWHQ
6HKQVFKWH QDFK /LHEH 9HUHLQLJXQJ XQG 1lKH QGHQ LKUH
%HIULHGLJXQJ LQ GHP .RQVXP GLHVHU (U]HXJQLVVH (LQ 0DQQ
RGHU HLQH )UDX GLH JHJHQEHU LKUHQ (KHSDUWQHUQ XQIlKLJ
VLQG MHPDOV GLH 0DXHU GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW HLQ]XUHLHQ
VLQG ]X 7UlQHQ JHUKUW ZHQQ VLH DQ GHU JOFNOLFKHQ RGHU
XQJOFNOLFKHQ/LHEHVJHVFKLFKWHHLQHV3DDUHVDXIGHU/HLQZDQG
WHLOQHKPHQ)UYLHOH3DDUHLVWGLH)LOPOHLQZDQGGLHHLQ]LJH
*HOHJHQKHLW XP GLH /LHKH ]X HUOHEHQ QLFKW QXU MHGHU IU
VLFK VRQGHUQ JHPHLQVDP DOV =XVFKDXHU GHU /LHEH DQGHUHU
0HQVFKHQ 6RODQJH GLH /LHEH HLQ 7DJWUDXP LVW N|QQHQ VLH
DQ LKU WHLOKDEHQ VREDOG VLH MHGRFK LQ GLH :LUNOLFKNHLW HLQHU
%H]LHKXQJ]ZLVFKHQ]ZHLZLUNOLFKHQ0HQVFKHQHLQWULWWVLQG
VLHHUVWDUUW

(LQDQGHUHU$VSHNWGHUVHQWLPHQWDOHQ/LHEHLVWGLH]HLWOLFKH
9HUVFKLHEXQJLQGLH9HUJDQJHQKHLW(LQ(KHSDDUNDQQGXUFKGLH
(ULQQHUXQJDQLKUHYHUJDQJHQH/LHEH]XWLHIVWEHZHJWZHUGHQ
REJOHLFK]XGHU=HLW]XGHUGLH9HUJDQJHQKHLWQRFK*HJHQZDUW
ZDU JDU NHLQH /LHEH HUOHEW ZXUGH JHQDXVR LVW HV PLW GHQ
3KDQWDVLHQ EHU GLH ]XNQIWLJH /LHEH :LH YLHOH YHUOREWH
RGHUIULVFKYHUKHLUDWHWH3DDUHWUlXPHQYRQGHP*OFNLKUHU
]XNQIWLJHQ/LHEHZlKUHQGVLHLQGHU=HLWLQGHUVLHJHUDGH
OHEHQEHUHLWVDQIDQJHQVLFKJHJHQVHLWLJ]XODQJZHLOHQ'LHVH
7HQGHQ]VWLPPWPLWMHQHUDOOJHPHLQHQ +DOWXQJ EHUHLQ GLH
IU GHQ PRGHUQHQ 0HQVFKHQ FKDUDNWHULVWLVFK LVW (U OHEW LQ
GHU 9HUJDQJHQKHLW RGHU LQ GHU =XNXQIW QLFKW DEHU LQ GHU
*HJHQZDUW 9ROOHU 6HQWLPHQWDOLWlW HULQQHUW HU VLFK VHLQHU
.LQGKHLWXQGVHLQHU0XWWHURGHUVFKPLHGHWJURH3OlQHIU
GLH=XNXQIW2EGLH/LHEHGXUFK7HLOQDKPHDQGHQXQHFKWHQ
(UOHEQLVVHQDQGHUHU0HQVFKHQHUOHEWZLUGRGHUREVLHYRQGHU
*HJHQZDUW LQ GLH 9HUJDQJHQKHLW RGHU =XNXQIW YHUVFKREHQ
ZLUG GLHVH DEVWUDKLHUWH XQG HQWIUHPGHWH )RUP GHU /LHEH
GLHQW DOV 2SLXP GDV GLH 6FKPHU]HQ GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW GHU
(LQVDPNHLWXQGGHU*HWUHQQWKHLWGHV,QGLYLGXXPVOLQGHUW
1RFK HLQH DQGHUH )RUP YRQ QHXURWLVFKHU /LHEH OLHJW LP
0HFKDQLVPXV GHU 3URMHNWLRQ GHU ]XU 9HUPHLGXQJ HLJHQHU
3UREOHPHXQGVWDWWGHVVHQ]XU.RQ]HQWUDWLRQDXIGLH)HKOHU
XQG 6FKZlFKHQ GHU JHOLHEWHQ 3HUVRQ IKUW (LQ]HOZHVHQ
EHWUDJHQ VLFK LQ GLHVHU +LQVLFKW IDVW JHQDXVR ZLH 1DWLRQHQ
RGHU 5HOLJLRQHQ 6LH KDEHQ HLQ IHLQHV (PSILQGHQ VHOEVW
IU NOHLQHUH )HKOHU GHV DQGHUHQ ZlKUHQG VLH GLH HLJHQHQ
)HKOHUXQG6FKZlFKHQLJQRULHUHQLPPHUGDPLWEHVFKlIWLJW
GHQDQGHUHQ]XEHVFKXOGLJHQRGHUXP]XHU]LHKHQ:HQQZLH

HV RIW GHU )DOO LVW ]ZHL 3HUVRQHQVLFKGLHVHU%HVFKlIWLJXQJ
KLQJHEHQ ZLUG GLH /LHEHVEH]LHKXQJ ]X HLQHU JHJHQVHLWLJHQ
3URMHNWLRQ%LQLFKW\UDQQLVFKRGHUXQHQWVFKORVVHQEHVFKXOGLJH
LFK PHLQHQ 3DUWQHU GLHVHU (LJHQVFKDIWHQ XQG HQWVSUHFKHQG
PHLQHP &KDUDNWHU P|FKWH LFK LKQ HQWZHGHU GDYRQ KHLOHQ
RGHU LKQ GDIU EHVWUDIHQ 'HU DQGHUH WXW GDV JOHLFKH XQG
VRJHOLQJWHVEHLGHQGLHHLJHQHQ3UREOHPH]XLJQRULHUHQXQG
DXV GLHVHP *UXQGH ]X YHUVlXPHQ LUJHQGZHOFKH 6FKULWWH ]X
XQWHUQHKPHQ GLH LKUHU HLJHQHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ ZHLWHUKHOIHQ
ZUGHQ
(LQHDQGHUH)RUPGHU3URMHNWLRQLVWGLH3URML]LHUXQJGHU
HLJHQHQ 3UREOHPH DXI GLH .LQGHU *DU QLFKW VHOWHQ WULWWVLH
]XHUVW DOV :XQVFK QDFK HLJHQHQ .LQGHUQ DXI ,Q GHUDUWLJHQ
)lOOHQ ZLUG GHU :XQVFK QDFK HLJHQHQ .LQGHUQ LQ HUVWHU
/LQLH GDYRQ EHVWLPPW GDV HLJHQH ([LVWHQ]SUREOHP DXI
GDV GHU .LQGHU ]X SURML]LHUHQ :HQQ HLQH 3HUVRQ VSUW
GD VLH QLFKW IlKLJ LVW LKUHP HLJHQHQ /HEHQ HLQHQ 6LQQ
]XJHEHQYHUVXFKWVLHGLHVHQ6LQQLP/HEHQGHU.LQGHU]X
QGHQ 'LHV PX MHGRFK VRZRKO EHL HLQHP VHOEVW DOV DXFK
EHL GHQ .LQGHUQ IHKOVFKODJHQ HUVWHUHV GHVZHJHQ ZHLO GDV
([LVWHQ]SUREOHPYRQMHGHPQXUIUVLFKVHOEVWJHO|VWZHUGHQ
NDQQ QLFKW DEHU GXUFK HLQHQ 6WHOOYHUWUHWHU OHW]WHUHV ZHLO
JHUDGH MHQH (LJHQVFKDIWHQ IHKOHQ GLH Q|WLJ VLQG XP GLH
.LQGHU EHL LKUHU HLJHQHQ 6XFKH QDFK HLQHU$QWZRUW DXI GLH
)UDJHLKUHUHLJHQHQ([LVWHQ]]XOHLWHQ.LQGHUZHUGHQDXFK
KlXJ GDQQ LP 6LQQH GHV 3URMHNWLRQVPHFKDQLVPXV EHQXW]W
ZHQQGLH)UDJHDXIWDXFKWHLQHXQJOFNOLFKH(KH]XO|VHQ'DV
$UJXPHQWGDVGLH(OWHUQLPPHUEHLGHU+DQGKDEHQODXWHW
GD VLH VLFK QLFKW VFKHLGHQ ODVVHQ N|QQHQ XP GLH .LQGHU

QLFKW GHV 6HJHQV HLQHV JHPHLQVDPHQ +HLPHV ]X EHUDXEHQ
(LQH JUQGOLFKH 8QWHUVXFKXQJ ZLUG MHGRFK RIW ]HLJHQ GD
GLH VSDQQXQJVJHODGHQH XQG XQJOFNOLFKH $WPRVSKlUH GLH
LQ GLHVHQ JHPHLQVDPHQ +HLPHQ KHUUVFKW GHQ .LQGHUQ
VFKlGOLFKHULVWDOVRIIHQHU%UXFKGHULKQHQ]XPLQGHVW]HLJW
GD GHU 0HQVFK LQ GHU /DJH LVW HLQH XQHUWUlJOLFKH 6LWXDWLRQ
GXUFKHLQHQPXWLJHQ(QWVFKOX]XEHHQGHQ
,Q GLHVHP =XVDPPHQKDQJ PX QRFK HLQ DQGHUHU KlXJHU
,UUWXP HUZlKQW ZHUGHQ GLH ,OOXVLRQ QlPOLFK GD /LHEH
QRWZHQGLJHUZHLVH GDV )HKOHQ MHJOLFKHU .RQLNWH EHGHXWHW
(QWVSUHFKHQG GHP EOLFKHQ *ODXEHQ GD 6FKPHU] XQG
7UDXULJNHLW XQWHU DOOHQ 8PVWlQGHQ YHUPLHGHQ ZHUGHQ
PWHQ QLPPW GHU PRGHUQH 0HQVFK DXFK DQ GD /LHEH
GDV )HKOHQ MHJOLFKHU .RQLNWH EHGHXWHW 8QG GDIU QGHW
HU DXFK HLQH JXWH %HJUQGXQJ LQ GHU 7DWVDFKH GD GLH
6WUHLWLJNHLWHQ GLH HU XP VLFK KHUXP HUOHEW QXU ]HUVW|UHQGH
$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ VLQG GLH IU NHLQHQ GHU %HWHLOLJWHQ
LUJHQGZHOFKHQ 1XW]HQ KDEHQ 'HU *UXQG GDIU OLHJW MHGRFK
LQ GHU 7DWVDFKH GD GLH .RQLNWH GHU PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ
LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW 9HUVXFKH VLQG GLH ZLUNOLFKHQ .RQLNWH ]X
YHUPHLGHQ (V VLQG OHGLJOLFK 'LIIHUHQ]HQ EHU NOHLQH XQG
QHEHQVlFKOLFKH $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ GLH VFKRQ LKUHP JDQ]HQ
:HVHQ QDFK JDU QLFKW JHNOlUW RGHU JHO|VW ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ
:LUNOLFKH.RQLNWH]ZLVFKHQ0HQVFKHQMHQHDOVRGLHQLFKWV
YHUGHFNHQ RGHU SURML]LHUHQ ZROOHQ GLH MHGRFK DXI GHU WLHIHQ
(EHQHLQQHUHU:LUNOLFKNHLW]XGHUVLHJHK|UHQHUOHEWZHUGHQ
GLHVH ZLUNOLFKHQ .RQLNWH VLQG NHLQHVZHJV ]HUVW|UHULVFK
6LH IKUHQ ]XU .OlUXQJ XQG EULQJHQ HLQH 5HLQLJXQJ PLW
VLFK DXV GHU EHLGH 3HUVRQHQ ZLVVHQGHU XQG JHVWlUNWHU

KHUYRUJHKHQ'DPLWNRPPHQZLUGD]XHWZDV*HVDJWHVQRFK
HLQPDO]XEHWRQHQ
/LHEHLVWQXUP|JOLFKZHQQ]ZHL0HQVFKHQVLFKDXVGHU
0LWWH LKUHU ([LVWHQ] KHUDXV PLWHLQDQGHU YHUELQGHQ ZHQQ
DOVRMHGHUVLFKVHOEVWDXVGHP=HQWUXPKHUDXVHUOHEW1XU
GLHVHV ]HQWUDOH (UOHEQLV LVW PHQVFKOLFKH :LUNOLFKNHLW
QXU KLHU LVW /HEHQ QXU KLHU OLHJW GLH %DVLV IU /LHEH (LQH
VR HUOHEWH /LHEH LVW HLQH VWlQGLJH +HUDXVIRUGHUXQJ VLH LVW
NHLQ 5XKHSODW] VRQGHUQ JHPHLQVDPHV 6WUHEHQ :DFKVHQ
XQG $UEHLWHQ 6HOEVW +DUPRQLH RGHU .RQLNW )UHXGH RGHU
7UDXULJNHLW VLQG ]ZHLWUDQJLJ JHJHQEHU GHU JUXQGOHJHQGHQ
7DWVDFKH GD ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ VLFK DXV GHP :HVHQ LKUHU
([LVWHQ]KHUDXVHUOHEHQGDVLHQXUGDGXUFKPLWHLQDQGHUHLQV
ZHUGHQGDVLHPLWVLFKVHOEVWHLQVVLQG)UGLH([LVWHQ]GHU
/LHEHJLEWHVQXUHLQHQ%HZHLVGLH7LHIHGHU%LQGXQJVRZLH
GLH /HEHQGLJNHLW XQG .UDIW LQ MHGHP GHU /LHEHQGHQ 'DV
DOOHLQLVWGLH)UXFKWDQGHUPDQGLH/LHEHHUNHQQHQNDQQ
(EHQVRZLH$XWRPDWHQVLFKJHJHQVHLWLJQLFKWOLHEHQN|QQHQ
N|QQHQVLHDXFK*RWWQLFKWOLHEHQ'HU9HUIDOOGHU/LHEH]X*RWW
KDWGLHJOHLFKHQ$XVPDHHUUHLFKWZLHGHU9HUIDOOGHU/LHEH]XGHQ
0HQVFKHQ'LHVH7DWVDFKHVWHKWLQNUDVVHP:LGHUVSUXFK]XGHU
9RUVWHOOXQJZLUZlUHQ=HXJHQHLQHUUHOLJL|VHQ5HQDLVVDQFHGLH
LQXQVHUHU=HLWVWDWWIlQGH1LFKWVN|QQWHYRQGHU:DKUKHLWZHLWHU
HQWIHUQW VHLQ :DV ZLU PLWHUOHEHQ DXFK ZHQQ HV $XVQDKPHQ
JLEW LVW GHU 5FNIDOO LQ HLQ J|W]HQKDIWHV .RQ]HSW YRQ *RWW
XQGHLQH8PZDQGOXQJGHU/LHEH]X*RWWLQHLQ9HUKlOWQLVGDV
GHU HQWIUHPGHWHQ &KDUDNWHUVWUXNWXU HQWVSULFKW 'HU 5FNIDOO LQ
HLQ J|W]HQKDIWHV .RQ]HSW YRQ *RWW LVW OHLFKW ]X HUNHQQHQ 'LH

0HQVFKHQVLQGlQJVWOLFKRKQH*UXQGVlW]HXQGRKQH9HUWUDXHQ
XQG VLH KDEHQ NHLQ =LHO PHKU YRU VLFK DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHP
HLQHQ ZHLWHU]XNRPPHQ GDKHU EOHLEHQ VLH .LQGHU XQG KRIIHQ
GDGHU9DWHURGHUGLH0XWWHULKQHQVFKRQKHOIHQZLUGZHQQVLH
HLQPDO+LOIHEUDXFKHQ
(V VWLPPW GD DXFK GHU 'XUFKVFKQLWWVPHQVFK LQ lOWHUHQ
.XOWXUHQ]X*RWWDOVGHPKHOIHQGHQ9DWHURGHUGHUKHOIHQGHQ
0XWWHUDXIVDK*OHLFK]HLWLJQDKPHU*RWWMHGRFKHUQVWLQGHP
6LQQHGDHVGDV=LHOVHLQHV/HEHQVZDU*RWWHV*UXQGVlW]HQ
HQWVSUHFKHQG ]X OHEHQ +HXWH LVW YRQ GLHVHQ %HPKXQJHQ
QLFKWV PHKU YRUKDQGHQ 'DV WlJOLFKH /HEHQ ZLUG VWUHQJ
YRQ DOOHQ UHOLJL|VHQ :HUWHQ JHWUHQQW (V LVW DOOHLQ GHP
6WUHEHQ QDFK PDWHULHOOHU %HTXHPOLFKNHLW XQG GHP (UIROJ
DXI GHP 3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVPDUNW JHZLGPHW 'LH 3ULQ]LSLHQ
DXI GHQHQ XQVHUH ZHOWOLFKHQ %HVWUHEXQJHQ DXIJHEDXW VLQG
VLQG *OHLFKJOWLJNHLW XQG (JRLVPXV OHW]WHUHU RIW XQWHU
GHU %H]HLFKQXQJ ,QGLYLGXDOLVPXV RGHU LQGLYLGXHOOH
,QLWLDWLYH 'HU 0HQVFK HFKW UHOLJL|VHU .XOWXUHQ N|QQWH
YLHOOHLFKWPLWHLQHP.LQGYRQDFKW-DKUHQYHUJOLFKHQZHUGHQ
GDV HLQHQ 9DWHU DOV 5HWWHU EUDXFKW GDV MHGRFK DQJHIDQJHQ
KDW GLH /HKUHQ XQG 3ULQ]LSLHQ GHV 9DWHUV LQ VHLQ /HEHQ ]X
EHUQHKPHQ 'HU ]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKH 0HQVFK lKQHOW MHGRFK
HLQHP.LQGYRQGUHL-DKUHQGDVQDFKGHP9DWHUUXIWZHQQ
HVLKQEUDXFKWXQGVRQVW]XIULHGHQLVWZHQQHVVSLHOHQNDQQ
,QGLHVHU+LQVLFKWQlPOLFKLQGHULQIDQWLOHQ$EKlQJLJNHLW
YRQHLQHPDQWKURSRPRUSKHQ%LOG*RWWHVRKQH8PIRUPXQJ
GHV /HEHQV LP 6LQQH GHU 3ULQ]LSLHQ *RWWHV VLQG ZLU HLQHP
SULPLWLYHQ *|W]HQ DQEHWHQGHQ 6WDPP lKQOLFKHU DOV GHU

UHOLJL|VHQ .XOWXU GHV 0LWWHODOWHUV ,Q DQGHUHU +LQVLFKW ]HLJW
XQVHUHUHOLJL|VH6LWXDWLRQ=JHGLHQHXXQGQXUIUGLH]HLW
JHQ|VVLVFKH NDSLWDOLVWLVFKH *HVHOOVFKDIW GHV :HVWHQV FKD
UDNWHULVWLVFK VLQG ,FK NDQQ PLFK GDEHL DXI )HVWVWHOOXQJHQ
EH]LHKHQ GLH LFK DQ IUKHUHU 6WHOOH GLHVHV %XFKHV JHPDFKW
KDEH'HUPRGHUQH0HQVFKKDWVLFKVHOEVWLQHLQH:DUHYHU
ZDQGHOWHUHUOHEWVHLQH/HEHQVNUDIWDOVHLQH,QYHVWLWLRQPLW
GHUHUHQWVSUHFKHQGVHLQHU6WHOOXQJXQGVHLQHU3RVLWLRQDXI
GHP3HUV|QOLFKNHLWVPDUNWHLQHQP|JOLFKVWKRKHQ*HZLQQHU
]LHOHQZLOO(UKDWVLFKVHLQHUVHOEVWVHLQHQ0LWPHQVFKHQXQG
GHU1DWXUHQWIUHPGHW6HLQ+DXSW]LHOLVWGHUJHZLQQEULQJHQGH
$XVWDXVFKVHLQHU*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLWVHLQHV:LVVHQVXQGVHLQHU
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWPLWDQGHUHQGLHHEHQIDOOVDXIHLQHQDQVWlQGL
JHQXQGJHZLQQEULQJHQGHQ$XVWDXVFKDXVVLQG'DV/HEHQKDW
QXUQRFKGDV=LHOZHLWHU]XNRPPHQQXUQRFKGHQ*UXQGVDW]
HLQ JXWHV *HVFKlIW ]X PDFKHQ QXU GLH %HIULHGLJXQJ GHV
.RQVXPLHUHQV
:DV NDQQ GHU *RWWHVEHJULII XQWHU GLHVHQ 8PVWlQGHQ
QRFKEHGHXWHQ"6HLQHXUVSUQJOLFKHUHOLJL|VH%HGHXWXQJLVW
YHUZDQGHOWVRGDHULQGLHHQWIUHPGHWH.XOWXUGHV(UIROJV
SDW ,Q GHU UHOLJL|VHQ (UQHXHUXQJ GHU *HJHQZDUW LVW GHU
*ODXEH DQ *RWW ]X HLQHP SV\FKRORJLVFKHQ 0LWWHO JHZRUGHQ
XPIUGHQ.RQNXUUHQ]NDPSIEHVVHUJHUVWHW]XVHLQ
'HU *ODXEH YHUELQGHW VLFK PLW $XWRVXJJHVWLRQ XQG
3V\FKRWKHUDSLH XP GHQ 0HQVFKHQ LQ VHLQHP *HVFKlIWVOHEHQ
]X KHOIHQ ,Q GHQ ]ZDQ]LJHU -DKUHQ KDW PDQ *RWW QRFK QLFKW
DQJHUXIHQXPGLHHLJHQH3HUV|QOLFKNHLWDXV]XELOGHQ(LQHV
GHUSRSXOlUVWHQ%FKHUGHV-DKUHV'DOH&DUQHJLHV:LH

PDQ )UHXQGH JHZLQQW XQG 0HQVFKHQ EHHLQXW EOLHE DXI
HLQHU VWUHQJ ZHOWOLFKHQ (EHQH $EHU GLH GDPDOLJH )XQNWLRQ
YRQ&DUQHJLHV%XFKKDWKHXWHHLQHVGHUPHLVWYHUEUHLWHWVWHQ
%FKHU 'LH 0DFKW GHV SRVLWLYHQ 'HQNHQV YRQ 3IDUUHU 19
3HDOH EHUQRPPHQ ,Q GLHVHP UHOLJL|VHQ %XFKH ZLUG QLFKW
HLQPDO JHIUDJW RE XQVHU YRUKHUUVFKHQGHV (UIROJVVWUHEHQ PLW
GHP*HLVWGHVPRQRWKHLVWLVFKHQ*ODXEHQVEHUHLQVWLPPHLP
*HJHQWHLO GLHVHV K|FKVWH =LHO ZLUG QLHPDOV DQJH]ZHLIHOW
VRQGHUQGHU*ODXEHDQ*RWWXQGGDV*HEHWZHUGHQDOV0LWWHO
HPSIRKOHQ XP GLH HLJHQHQ )lKLJNHLWHQ HUIROJUHLFK ]X VHLQ
QRFK ]X YHUEHVVHUQ *OHLFK HLQHP PRGHUQHQ 3V\FKLDWHU
GHU GHP $QJHVWHOOWHQ HPSHKOW JOFNOLFK ]X VHLQ GDPLW
HU DQ]LHKHQGHU DXI GLH .XQGVFKDIW ZLUNH HPSIHKOHQ
HLQLJH *HLVWOLFKH GLH /LHEH ]X *RWW XP HUIROJUHLFKHU ]X
VHLQ 0DFKH *RWW ]X GHLQHP 3DUWQHU EHGHXWHW *RWW ]XP
*HVFKlIWVSDUWQHU ]X PDFKHQ QLFKW DEHU PLW ,KP LQ /LHEH
*HUHFKWLJNHLWXQG:DKUKDIWLJNHLWHLQV]XZHUGHQ*DQ]ZLH
GLH1lFKVWHQOLHEHGLHGXUFKXQSHUV|QOLFKH)DLUQHHUVHW]W
ZXUGHLVW*RWW]XHLQHPLQXQHUUHLFKEDUHU)HUQHWKURQHQGHQ
*HQHUDOGLUHNWRU GHU 8QLYHUVXP *PE+ JHZRUGHQ PDQ
ZHLGDHUH[LVWLHUWXQGGDHUGHQ%HWULHEOHLWHWREJOHLFK
GLHVHU ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK DXFK DOOHLQ IXQNWLRQLHUHQ ZUGH PDQ
VLHKW LKQ DXFK QLH DEHU PDQ HUNHQQW VHLQH /HLWXQJ DQ XQG
WXWVHLQH3LFKW

,9
',(35$;,6'(6/,(%(16
1DFKGHPZLUXQVELVKHUPLWGHPWKHRUHWLVFKHQ$VSHNWGHU
.XQVW GHV /LHEHQV EHIDW KDEHQ VWHKHQ ZLU MHW]W HLQHP
HUKHEOLFKVFKZLHULJHUHQ3UREOHPJHJHQEHUQlPOLFKGHPGHU
3UD[LVGHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV.DQQPDQEHUGLH$XVEXQJ
HLQHU.XQVWEHUKDXSWHWZDVOHUQHQDEJHVHKHQDOOHLQGDYRQ
GDPDQVLHDXVEW"
'LH 6FKZLHULJNHLW GLHVHV 3UREOHPV ZLUG QRFK GXUFK GLH
7DWVDFKH JHVWHLJHUW GD KHXW]XWDJH GLH PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ
XQG GDKHU DXFK YLHOH /HVHU GLHVHV %XFKHV HUZDUWHQ GD
PDQLKQHQ5H]HSWHJLEWZLHVLHHVVHOEVWPDFKHQN|QQHQ
XQG GDV EHGHXWHW LQ GLHVHP )DOO LKQHQ 8QWHUULFKW LP
/LHEHQ]XJHEHQ,FKIUFKWHGDGLHMHQLJHQGLHGLHVHVOHW]WH
.DSLWHOLQGLHVHP6LQQHDXIVFKODJHQELWWHUHQWWlXVFKWZHUGHQ
'LH /LHEH LVW HLQ SHUV|QOLFKHV (UOHEQLV GDV MHGHU QXU GXUFK
XQGIUVLFKVHOEVWKDEHQNDQQLQ:LUNOLFKNHLWZLUGHVNDXP
HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHEHQ GHU GLHVHV (UOHEQLV QLFKW ]XPLQGHVW
LQ HLQHU HOHPHQWDUHQ )RUP EHUHLWV JHKDEW KDW VHL HV DOV
.LQG DOV +HUDQZDFKVHQGHU RGHU DOV (UZDFKVHQHU $XIJDEH

HLQHU'LVNXVVLRQEHUGLH3UD[LVGHU/LHEHNDQQHVQXUVHLQ
GLH 9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQ GHU .XQVW GHV /LHEHQV ]X GLVNXWLHUHQ
JOHLFKVDP DOVR LKUH HUVWHQ 6FKULWWH 'HU HQGJOWLJH 6FKULWW
DXIGDV=LHOKLQNDQQYRQMHGHPQXUVHOEVWJHWDQZHUGHQXQG
GLH'LVNXVVLRQK|UWGDDXIZRGHUHQGJOWLJH6FKULWWEHJLQQW
7URW]GHPJODXEHLFKGDGLH'LVNXVVLRQGHUHUVWHQ6FKULWWH]XU
%HKHUUVFKXQJHLQHU.XQVWVHKUKLOIUHLFKVHLQNDQQ]XPLQGHVW
IU DOOH GLH QLFKW HUZDUWHQ EHVWLPPWH $QZHLVXQJHQ ]X
EHNRPPHQ
'LH $XVEXQJ MHGHU .XQVW HUIRUGHUW JHZLVVH DOOJHPHLQH
'LQJHXQJHDFKWHWGHU7DWVDFKHREZLUXQVPLWGHU.XQVWGHV
7LVFKOHUKDQGZHUNVGHU 0HGL]LQ RGHU GHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
EHVFKlIWLJHQ ,Q HUVWHU /LQLH HUIRUGHUW GLH $XVEXQJ HLQHU
.XQVW 'LV]LSOLQ ,FK ZHUGH QLH HWZDV HUUHLFKHQ ZHQQ LFK
GDEHL QLFKW GLV]LSOLQLHUW ELQ ZHQQ LFK HWZDV QXU GDQQ WXH
VREDOGLFKLQ6WLPPXQJELQNDQQHV]XHLQHPQHWWHQRGHU
DPVDQWHQ6WHFNHQSIHUGZHUGHQDEHUQLHPDOVZHUGHLFKHV
GDULQ]XU0HLVWHUVFKDIWEULQJHQ'DV3UREOHPLVWMHGRFKQLFKW
QXUGDVGHU'LV]LSOLQLQGHU$XVEXQJHLQHUEHVRQGHUHQ.XQVW
GD PDQ VLH ]XP %HLVSLHO 7DJ IU 7DJ HLQLJH 6WXQGHQ ODQJ
DXVEWVRQGHUQHVLVWGDV3UREOHPGHU'LV]LSOLQLPJHVDPWHQ
/HEHQ0DQPDJGHQNHQGDHVIUGHQPRGHUQHQ0HQVFKHQ
QLFKWV /HLFKWHUHV JLEW DOV 'LV]LSOLQ ]X OHUQHQ YHUEULQJW
HU QLFKW WlJOLFK DFKW 6WXQGHQ DXI GLV]LSOLQLHUWH :HLVH EHL
VHLQHU $UEHLW" 7DWVDFKH LVW MHGRFK GD GHU KHXWLJH 0HQVFK
DXHURUGHQWOLFKZHQLJ6HOEVWGLV]LSOLQDXHUKDOEVHLQHU$UEHLW
]HLJW :HQQ HU QLFKW DUEHLWHW ZLOO HU WUlJH VHLQ XQG QLFKWV
WXQ ZLOO HU XP HLQ QHWWHUHV :RUW ]X JHEUDXFKHQ VLFK
HQWVSDQQHQ $EHU JHUDGH GLHVHU :XQVFK QDFK 1LFKWVWXQ

LVW HLQH 5HDNWLRQ DXI GLH 5RXWLQH GHV /HEHQV *HUDGH ZHLO
GHU 0HQVFK JH]ZXQJHQ LVW VHLQH .UDIW WlJOLFK DFKW 6WXQGHQ
ODQJ IU =ZHFNH DXV]XJHEHQ GLH QLFKW VHLQH HLJHQHQ VLQG
DXI HLQH$UW GLH QLFKW GLH VHLQH LVW GLH LKP DEHU GXUFK GHQ
5K\WKPXV GHU$UEHLW YRUJHVFKULHEHQ ZLUG UHEHOOLHUW HU XQG
GLHVH5HEHOOLRQKDWGLH)RUPGHV6LFKJHKHQODVVHQV$XHUGHP
LVW HU LQ VHLQHP .DPSI JHJHQ GLH$XWRULWlW JHJHQEHU MHGHU
'LV]LSOLQ PLWUDXLVFK JHZRUGHQ VHL VLH LKP QXQ GXUFK HLQH
LUUDWLRQDOH$XWRULWlWDXIJH]ZXQJHQZRUGHQRGHUDOVUDWLRQDOH
'LV]LSOLQ VHOEVWDXIHUOHJW 2KQH 'LV]LSOLQ EOHLEW GDV /HEHQ
MHGRFK]HUVSOLWWHUWFKDRWLVFKXQGRKQHMHGH.RQ]HQWUDWLRQ
'D .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ HLQH QRWZHQGLJH %HGLQJXQJ IU GLH
%HKHUUVFKXQJ HLQHU .XQVW LVW EHGDUI NDXP HLQHV %HZHLVHV
-HGHUGHUHLQPDOYHUVXFKWKDWHLQH.XQVW]XHUOHUQHQZHL
HV $EHU QRFK VHOWHQHU DOV 6HOEVWGLV]LSOLQ LVW LQ XQVHUHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWGLH.RQ]HQWUDWLRQXQVHUH.XOWXUIKUWYLHOPHKU
]XHLQHUXQNRQ]HQWULHUWHQXQG]HUVSOLWWHUWHQ/HEHQVDUWIUGLH
HVNDXPHLQH3DUDOOHOHJLEW0DQWXWYLHOH'LQJHDXIHLQPDO
PDQ OLHVW K|UW 5DGLR XQWHUKlOW VLFK UDXFKW LW XQG WULQNW
0DQLVWHLQ.RQVXPHQWGHUPLWRIIHQHP0XQGHGDVLW]WXQG
JLHULJ XQG EHUHLWZLOOLJ DOOHV VFKOXFNW %LOGHU 6FKQDSV XQG
:LVVHQ 'LHVHU 0DQJHO DQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ ]HLJW VLFK JDQ]
GHXWOLFK LQ XQVHUHU 6FKZLHULJNHLW PLW XQV VHOEVW DOOHLQ ]X
VHLQ5XKLJ]XVLW]HQRKQH]XVSUHFKHQ]XUDXFKHQ]XOHVHQ
RGHU]XWULQNHQLVWIUGLHPHLVWHQ0HQVFKHQXQP|JOLFK6LH
ZHUGHQ QHUY|V XQG XQUXKLJ VLH PVVHQ LUJHQG HWZDV WXQ
HQWZHGHUPLWGHP0XQGRGHUPLWGHQ+lQGHQ'DV5DXFKHQ
LVW HLQ 6\PSWRP IU GLHVHQ 0DQJHO DQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ HV
EHVFKlIWLJW+DQG0XQG$XJHXQG1DVH

'HU GULWWH )DNWRU LVW *HGXOG $XFK KLHU ZHL MHGHU GHU
HLQH.XQVW]XHUOHUQHQYHUVXFKWHGD*HGXOGQ|WLJLVWZHQQ
PDQ HWZDV HUUHLFKHQ ZLOO :HQQ PDQ P|JOLFKVW VFKQHOO
HLQ 5HVXOWDW HU]LHOHQ ZLOO OHUQW PDQ QLHPDOV HLQH .XQVW
7URW]GHP LVW *HGXOG IU GHQ PRGHUQHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHQDXVR
VFKZHU ]X SUDNWL]LHUHQ ZLH 'LV]LSOLQ XQG .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ
8QVHU JDQ]HV LQGXVWULHOOHV 6\VWHP I|UGHUW JHQDX GDV
*HJHQWHLO 6FKQHOOLJNHLW $OOH XQVHUH 0DVFKLQHQ VLQG DXI
6FKQHOOLJNHLW KLQ JHEDXW $XWR XQG )OXJ]HXJ EULQJHQ XQV
VFKQHOO DQ GHQ %HVWLPPXQJVRUW XQG MH VFKQHOOHU GHVWR
EHVVHU 'LH 0DVFKLQH GLH GLH JOHLFKH 0HQJH LQ GHU KDOEHQ
=HLW SURGX]LHUHQ NDQQ LVW GRSSHOW VR JXW ZLH GLH lOWHUHXQG
ODQJVDPHUH1DWUOLFKJLEWHVGDIUJHZLFKWLJHZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH
*UQGHDEHUZLHLQVRYLHOHQDQGHUHQ+LQVLFKWHQLVWHVDXFK
KLHU GD]X JHNRPPHQ GD GLH PHQVFKOLFKHQ :HUWH YRQ GHQ
ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ EHVWLPPW ZHUGHQ :DV IU GLH 0DVFKLQHQ
JXW LVW PX DXFK IU GHQ 0HQVFKHQ JXW VHLQ GDV VFKHLQW
ORJLVFK'HUPRGHUQH0HQVFKJODXEWLUJHQGHWZDVQlPOLFK
=HLW]XYHUOLHUHQZHQQHUGLH'LQJHQLFKWVFKQHOOHUOHGLJW
XQGGRFKZHLHUQLFKWZDVHUPLWGHUGDGXUFKJHZRQQHQHQ
=HLWDQIDQJHQVROODXHUGDHUVLHWRWVFKOlJW
6FKOLHOLFKLVWGLH%HGLQJXQJ]XU(UOHUQXQJHLQHU.XQVWGDV
XQEHGLQJWH ,QWHUHVVH DQ GHU %HKHUUVFKXQJ GLHVHU .XQVW
:HQQ HLQH .XQVW QLFKW YRQ K|FKVWHU %HGHXWXQJ LVW ZLUG
GHU /HKUOLQJ VLH QLHPDOV HUOHUQHQ %HVWHQIDOOV ZLUG HU HLQ
JXWHU'LOHWWDQWEOHLEHQDEHUHLQ0HLVWHUZLUGHUQLFKW'LHVH
%HGLQJXQJLVWIUGLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQVJHQDXVRZLFKWLJZLH
IU MHGH DQGHUH .XQVW (V VFKHLQW MHGRFK DOV KlWWH VLFK GDV
9HUKlOWQLV]ZLVFKHQ0HLVWHUQXQG'LOHWWDQWHQLQGHU.XQVWGHV

/LHEHQVQRFKPHKU]XJXQVWHQGHU'LOHWWDQWHQYHUVFKREHQDOV
LQGHQDQGHUHQ.QVWHQ
,P +LQEOLFN DXI GLH DOOJHPHLQHQ %HGLQJXQJHQ IU GLH
(UOHUQXQJHLQHU.XQVWPXQRFKHLQZHLWHUHU3XQNWHUZlKQW
ZHUGHQ 0DQ IlQJW QLHPDOV DQ HLQH .XQVW XQPLWWHOEDU ]X
HUOHUQHQVRQGHUQEHJLQQWVR]XVDJHQLPPHULQGLUHNW=XHUVW
PX PDQ YLHOH DQGHUH XQG RIW PLW GHU .XQVW VFKHLQEDU
QLFKW ]XVDPPHQKlQJHQGH 'LQJH OHUQHQ EHYRU PDQ PLW GHU
HLJHQWOLFKHQ.XQVWDQIlQJW'HU7LVFKOHUOHKUOLQJEHJLQQWGDPLW
KREHOQ]XOHUQHQGHU/HKUOLQJLQGHU.XQVWGHV.ODYLHUVSLHOHV
EHJLQQWPLWGHPhEHQYRQ7RQOHLWHUQXQGGHU/HKUOLQJLQGHU
=HQ.XQVW GHV %RJHQVFKLHHQV EHJLQQW PLW $WHPEXQJHQ
:HQQPDQHVLQLUJHQGHLQHU.XQVW]XU0HLVWHUVFKDIWEULQJHQ
ZLOO PX PDQ LKU VHLQ JDQ]HV /HEHQ ZLGPHQ 'LH HLJHQH
3HUVRQ ZLUG ]XP ,QVWUXPHQW LQ GHU$XVEXQJ GLHVHU .XQVW
XQGPXLQHLQHP=XVWDQGJHKDOWHQZHUGHQGHUGHUYRQLKP
]XHUIOOHQGHQ$XIJDEHHQWVSULFKW+LQVLFKWOLFKGHU.XQVWGHV
/LHEHQVEHGHXWHWGLHVGDMHGHUGHUHVLQGLHVHU.XQVW]XU
0HLVWHUVFKDIW EULQJHQ ZLOO GDPLW DQIDQJHQ PX LQ MHGHU
3KDVHVHLQHV/HEHQV'LV]LSOLQ.RQ]HQWUDWLRQXQG*HGXOG]X
EHQ
:LH DEHU EW PDQ 'LV]LSOLQ" 0RUJHQV UHJHOPlLJ
]XU JOHLFKHQ =HLW DXIVWHKHQ WlJOLFK HLQH EHVWLPPWH =HLW
EHVWLPPWHQ7lWLJNHLWHQ ZLH 0HGLWLHUHQ /HVHQ 0XVLNK|UHQ
XQG 6SD]LHUHQJHKHQ ]X ZLGPHQ VLFK QLFKW RGHU ]XPLQGHVW
QXULQHLQHPEHVWLPPWHQ$XVPDDEOHQNHQGHQ'LQJHQZLH

(LQH VFK|QH 6FKLOGHUXQJ YRQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ 'LV]LSOLQ *HGXOG XQG ,QWHUHVVH

GLHIUGLH(UOHUQXQJHLQHU.XQVWQ|WLJVLQGILQGHWVLFKLQ=HQLQGHU.XQVWGHV
%RJHQVFKLHHQVYRQ(+HUULJHO.RQVWDQ]

.ULPLQDOURPDQHQXQG)LOPHQKLQ]XJHEHQXQGZHGHU]XYLHO]X
HVVHQQRFK]XWULQNHQGDVVLQGRIIHQVLFKWOLFKHXQGHOHPHQWDUH
5HJHOQ (V LVW MHGRFK ZHVHQWOLFK GD GLH 'LV]LSOLQ QLFKW DOV
HWZDVJHEWZLUGGDVHLQHPYRQDXHQDXIHUOHJWZRUGHQLVW
VRQGHUQGDVLH]XP$XVGUXFNGHVHLJHQHQ:LOOHQVZLUGGD
PDQVLHDOVDQJHQHKPHPSQGHWXQGGDPDQVLFKODQJVDPDQ
HLQ9HUKDOWHQJHZ|KQWGDVHLQHPIHKOWZHQQPDQHVZLHGHU
DXIJLEW (V JHK|UW ]X GHQ EHGDXHUOLFKHQ $VSHNWHQ XQVHUHV
ZHVWOLFKHQ .RQ]HSWHV GHU 'LV]LSOLQ ZLH EULJHQV MHGHU
DQGHUHQ7XJHQGGDPDQJODXEWVLHPVVHVFKPHU]KDIWRGHU
XQDQJHQHKPVHLQXQGGDVLHQXUGDQQHWZDVWDXJWZHQQ
HV VR LVW 'HU 2VWHQ KDW VFKRQ VHLW ODQJHP HUNDQQW GD GDV
ZDVIUGHQ0HQVFKHQIUVHLQHQ.|USHUZLHIUVHLQH6HHOH
JXWLVWDXFKDQJHQHKPVHLQPXVHOEVWZHQQ]X$QIDQJHLQ
JHZLVVHU:LGHUVWDQGEHUZXQGHQZHUGHQPX
6LFK]XNRQ]HQWULHUHQLVWVFKZLHULJLQXQVHUHU.XOWXULQ
GHU DOOHV DXI =HUVWUHXXQJ XQG JHJHQ GLH )lKLJNHLW VLFK
]X NRQ]HQWULHUHQ ]X ZLUNHQ VFKHLQW 'HU ZLFKWLJVWH 6FKULWW
LVW ]X OHUQHQ PLW VLFK VHOEVW DOOHLQ ]X VHLQ RKQH GDEHL
]X OHVHQ 5DGLR ]X K|UHQ ]X UDXFKHQ RGHU ]X WULQNHQ 'LH
)lKLJNHLWVLFK]XNRQ]HQWULHUHQ]HLJWVLFKLQGHU)lKLJNHLW
PLWVLFKDOOHLQVHLQ]XN|QQHQXQGGLHVH)lKLJNHLW LVW HLQH
%HGLQJXQJIUGLH)lKLJNHLW]XOLHEHQ:HQQLFKPLWHLQHP
DQGHUHQ0HQVFKHQYHUEXQGHQELQZHLOLFKQLFKWDXIPHLQHQ
HLJHQHQ )HQ VWHKHQ NDQQ LVW GLHVHU DQGHUH YLHOOHLFKW HLQ
/HEHQVUHWWHU GLH %H]LHKXQJ KDW MHGRFK PLW /LHEH QLFKWV ]X
WXQ3DUDGR[HUZHLVHLVWGLH)lKLJNHLWDOOHLQVHLQ]XN|QQHQ
HLQH %HGLQJXQJ IU GLH )lKLJNHLW ]X OLHEHQ -HGHU GHU
YHUVXFKW DOOHLQ ]X VHLQ ZLUG IHVWVWHOOHQ ZLH VFKZHU HV LVW

(UZLUGPLWGHU=HLWXQUXKLJXQGQHUY|VZHUGHQRGHUVRJDU
HLQLJH $QJVW YHUVSUHQ 6HLQH $EQHLJXQJ GLHVH hEXQJ
ZHLWHU]XIKUHQZLUGHUZDKUVFKHLQOLFKGDPLWUDWLRQDOLVLHUHQ
GD GDV$OOHLQVHLQ NHLQHQ 6LQQ KDEH GD HV QXU DOEHUQ VHL
GD HV ]XYLHO =HLW LQ$QVSUXFK QHKPH XQG VR ZHLWHU XQG VR
IRUW (U ZLUG DXFK IHVWVWHOOHQ GD DOOH P|JOLFKHQ *HGDQNHQ
DXIWDXFKHQ XQG YRQ LKP %HVLW] HUJUHLIHQ (U ZLUG DXI
HLQPDOPHUNHQGDHU3OlQHIUGHQUHVWOLFKHQ7HLOGHV7DJHV
PDFKWGDHUEHULUJHQGZHOFKHEHUXLFKHQ6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ
QDFKGHQNW RGHU GD HU EHUOHJW ZRKLQ HU DEHQGV JHKHQ
NDQQ6HKUYLHOKHOIHQZUGHQGDEHLMHGRFKHLQSDDUHLQIDFKH
hEXQJHQZLH]XP%HLVSLHOVLFKHQWVSDQQWKLQ]XVHW]HQDEHU
ZHGHU LQ OPPHOLJHU QRFK LQ VWHLIHU +DOWXQJ GLH $XJHQ
]X VFKOLHHQ XQG ]X YHUVXFKHQ HLQH ZHLH )OlFKH YRU GHQ
$XJHQ ]X KDEHQ XQG DOOH VW|UHQGHQ %LOGHU XQG *HGDQNHQ
DXV]XVFKDOWHQ GDQQ PDJ HU YHUVXFKHQ GHQ HLJHQHQ $WHP
]X EHREDFKWHQ QLFKW GDUEHU QDFK]XGHQNHQ XQG LKQ QLFKW
]XEHHLQXVVHQVRQGHUQVLFKHLQIDFKVHLQHV$WHPVEHZXW]X
ZHUGHQ)HUQHUVROOWHPDQYHUVXFKHQHLQ*HIKOIUGDVHLJHQH
,FK]XEHNRPPHQ,FK PHLQ6HOEVWGDV=HQWUXPPHLQHU
.UlIWH GHU 6FK|SIHU PHLQHU :HOW =XPLQGHVW VROOWH PDQ
GHUDUWLJH .RQ]HQWUDWLRQVEXQJHQ DOOPRUJHQGOLFK ]ZDQ]LJ
0LQXWHQ ODQJ ZHQQ P|JOLFK DXFK QRFK OlQJHU XQG MHGHQ
$EHQGYRUGHP6FKODIHQJHKHQPDFKHQ
1HEHQ GLHVHQ hEXQJHQ PX PDQ OHUQHQ EHL DOOHP ZDV
PDQWXWNRQ]HQWULHUW]XVHLQEHLP$QK|UHQYRQ0XVLNEHLP
/HVHQHLQHV%XFKHVEHLGHU8QWHUKDOWXQJPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ
RGHUEHLP%HWUDFKWHQHLQHV%LOGHV:HQQPDQNRQ]HQWULHUWLVW
VSLHOWHVIDVWNHLQH5ROOHZDVPDQWXWGLHZLFKWLJVWHQZLH

DXFKGLHXQZLFKWLJHQ'LQJHEHNRPPHQHLQHQHXH'LPHQVLRQ
GHU:LUNOLFKNHLWZHLOPDQJDQ] JH|IIQHW LVW 8P ]X OHUQHQ
VLFK ]X NRQ]HQWULHUHQ PX PDQ MHGH EDQDOH 8QWHUKDOWXQJ
ZHLWP|JOLFKVW YHUPHLGHQ GDV KHLW MHGH 8QWHUKDOWXQJ GLH
HLJHQWOLFK JDU NHLQH LVW :HQQ ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ VLFK EHU GDV
:DFKVWXP HLQHV EHLGHQ EHNDQQWHQ %DXPHV RGHU EHU GHQ
*HVFKPDFN GHV JHUDGH HEHQ JHJHVVHQHQ %URWHV RGHU EHU
LKUH JHPHLQVDPHQ EHUXLFKHQ (UOHEQLVVH XQWHUKDOWHQ NDQQ
GLHVH .RQYHUVDWLRQ ZLFKWLJ VHLQ XQWHU GHU 9RUDXVVHW]XQJ
GD VLH EHU HLQH YRQ EHLGHQ HUOHEWH 5HDOLWlW VSUHFKHQ XQG
QLFKW EHU $EVWUDNWLRQHQ :RUWH ZHFKVHOQ $QGHUHUVHLWV
NDQQHLQH8QWHUKDOWXQJEHUSROLWLVFKHRGHUUHOLJL|VH'LQJH
Y|OOLJ EHODQJORV VHLQ ZHQQ GLH EHLGHQ 3DUWQHU LQ .OLVFKHHV
PLWHLQDQGHU VSUHFKHQ ZHQQ VLH QLFKW DQ GHP ZLUNOLFK
EHWHLOLJWVLQGZDVVLHVDJHQXQGQXU0HLQXQJHQDXVWDXVFKHQ
,FKVROOWHDQGLHVHU6WHOOHQRFKKLQ]XIJHQGDHVQLFKWQXU
ZLFKWLJ LVW WULYLDOHU 8QWHUKDOWXQJ DXV GHP :HJH ]X JHKHQ
VRQGHUQDXFKMHGHUVFKOHFKWHQ*HVHOOVFKDIW'DPLWPHLQHLFK
QLFKW QXU 0HQVFKHQ GLH E|VDUWLJ XQG GHVWUXNWLY VLQG LKUH
*HVHOOVFKDIW VROOWH PDQ VFKRQ GHVZHJHQ PHLGHQ ZHLO LKUH
1lKH YHUJLIWHQG XQG GHSULPLHUHQG ZLUNW ,FK PHLQH DXFK
GLH*HVHOOVFKDIWYRQ0HQVFKHQGLHLQQHUOLFKXQOHEHQGLJVLQG
YRQ 0HQVFKHQ GHUHQ *HGDQNHQ XQG *HVSUlFKH EHODQJORV
VLQG GLH QXU VFKZDW]HQ VWDWW ]X UHGHQ XQG GLH QLFKW
QDFKGHQNHQ VRQGHUQ QXU NOLVFKLHUWH 0HLQXQJHQ YRQ VLFK
JHEHQ (V LVW MHGRFK QLFKW LPPHU P|JOLFK XQG PDQFKPDO
DXFK QLFKW QRWZHQGLJ GLH *HVHOOVFKDIW VROFKHU 0HQVFKHQ
]X PHLGHQ :HQQ PDQ QLFKW LQ GHU HUZDUWHWHQ :HLVH DOVR
PLW .OLVFKHHV XQG %HODQJORVLJNHLWHQ VRQGHUQ XQPLWWHOEDU

XQG PHQVFKOLFK UHDJLHUW ZLUG PDQ KlXJ QGHQ GD VROFKH
0HQVFKHQLKU9HUKDOWHQSO|W]OLFKlQGHUQXQG]ZDUGDQNMHQHV
hEHUUDVFKXQJVPRPHQWHV GDV GHU 6FKRFN GHV 8QHUZDUWHWHQ
EHL LKQHQ DXVO|VW XQG LKUHU HLJHQHQ 6HKQVXFKW DXV GHP
%HUHLFKGHU)LNWLRQXQG%DQDOLWlW]XU5HDOLWlWYRU]XVWRHQ
.RQ]HQWUDWLRQ LQ GHU %H]LHKXQJ ]X DQGHUHQ EHGHXWHW
LQ HUVWHU /LQLH GLH )lKLJNHLW GHV =XK|UHQV 'LH PHLVWHQ
0HQVFKHQ PHLQHQ VLH K|UHQ DQGHUHQ ]X XQG JHEHQ VRJDU
5DWVFKOlJHRKQHZLUNOLFK]XJHK|UW]XKDEHQ6LHQHKPHQGLH
:RUWH GHV DQGHUHQ QLFKW HUQVW VLH QHKPHQ MHGRFK DXFK LKUH
HLJHQHQ$QWZRUWHQQLFKWHUQVW'LH)ROJHLVWGDGDV*HVSUlFK
VLHHUPGHW6LHOHEHQLQGHU,OOXVLRQQRFKYLHOHUPGHWHU]X
VHLQZHQQVLHPLW.RQ]HQWUDWLRQ]XK|UWHQ'DV*HJHQWHLOLVW
MHGRFK ZDKU -HGH 7lWLJNHLW GLH PLW .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ DXVJHEW
ZLUG PDFKW GHQ 0HQVFKHQ ZDFKHU REJOHLFK KLQWHUKHU HLQH
QDWUOLFKH XQG KHLOVDPH 0GLJNHLW HLQWULWW ZlKUHQG MHGH
XQNRQ]HQWULHUWH7lWLJNHLWGHQ0HQVFKHQVFKOlIULJPDFKWXQG
HVIULKQDEHQGV]XJOHLFKVFKZLHULJLVWHLQ]XVFKODIHQ
.RQ]HQWUDWLRQEHGHXWHWY|OOLJLQGHU*HJHQZDUWLP+LHU
XQG-HW]W]XOHEHQXQGQLFKWDQGDVQlFKVWH]XGHQNHQZDV
QRFK JHWDQ ZHUGHQ PX ZlKUHQG LFK JHUDGH MHW]W HWZDV
WXH(VYHUVWHKWVLFKYRQVHOEVWGD.RQ]HQWUDWLRQYRUDOOHP
YRQ MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHEW ZHUGHQ PX GLH VLFK OLHEHQ
6LH PVVHQ OHUQHQ VLFK QDKH XQG HLQDQGHU JH|IIQHW ]X VHLQ
XQG QLFKW YRQHLQDQGHU IRUW]XODXIHQ ZLH HV EOLFK LVW$OOHU
$QIDQJLVWDXFKEHLP/HUQHQGHU.RQ]HQWUDWLRQVFKZHUHVKDW
GHQ$QVFKHLQDOVZUGHPDQGDV=LHOQLHHUUHLFKHQ'DGD]X
DXFK GLH 1RWZHQGLJNHLW JHK|UW *HGXOG ]X KDEHQ EUDXFKW

ZRKONDXPEHWRQW]XZHUGHQ:HQQPDQQLFKWZHLGDMHGHV
'LQJVHLQH=HLWEUDXFKWXQGPDQHVHU]ZLQJHQZLOOZLUGPDQ
QLHGDKLQNRPPHQVLFKNRQ]HQWULHUHQ]XN|QQHQ:HQQPDQ
HLQH9RUVWHOOXQJGDYRQKDEHQZLOOZDV*HGXOGLVWEUDXFKW
PDQQXUHLQHP.LQG]X]XVHKHQGDVODXIHQOHUQW(VIlOOWKLQ
HLQPDO]ZHLPDOGUHLPDOXQGWURW]GHPYHUVXFKWHVHVLPPHU
ZLHGHUNRPPWLPPHUHLQ6WFNFKHQZHLWHUELVHVHLQHV7DJHV
OlXIWRKQHKLQ]XIDOOHQ:DVN|QQWHHLQ(UZDFKVHQHUHUUHLFKHQ
ZHQQHUEHLGHU9HUIROJXQJGHUIULKQZLFKWLJHQ'LQJHGLH
*HGXOGXQG.RQ]HQWUDWLRQHLQHV.LQGHVKlWWH
.RQ]HQWUDWLRQHUIRUGHUWQRFKHWZDVDQGHUHVGLH)lKLJNHLW
VLFK VHOEVW JHJHQEHU ZDFK ]X VHLQ :DV EHGHXWHW GLHV"
6ROO PDQ GLH JDQ]H =HLW EHU VLFK VHOEVW QDFKGHQNHQ VLFK
DQDO\VLHUHQ RGHU ZDV VRQVW" :HQQ ZLU YRQ GHU ZDFKHQ
$XIPHUNVDPNHLW HLQHV 0HQVFKHQ JHJHQEHU HLQHU 0DVFKLQH
VSUlFKHQ ZlUH HV ]LHPOLFK HLQIDFK ]X HUNOlUHQ ZDV GDPLW
JHPHLQW LVW -HGHU ]XP %HLVSLHO GHU HLQHQ :DJHQ KDW LVW
LKP JHJHQEHU ZDFK XQG DXIPHUNVDP 6HOEVW HLQ OHLVHV
XQJHZRKQWHV *HUlXVFK RGHU HLQH OHLFKWH9HUlQGHUXQJ LQ GHU
/HLVWXQJ GHV 0RWRUV ZLUG EHPHUNW ,Q GHU JOHLFKHQ :HLVH
HPSILQGHWGHU)DKUHUHLQH9HUlQGHUXQJGHU6WUDHQREHUlFKH
XQG GLH *HVFKZLQGLJNHLW XQG 5LFKWXQJVlQGHUXQJHQ GHU YRU
XQG KLQWHU LKP IDKUHQGHQ :DJHQ 7URW]GHP GHQNW HU EHU
GLHVH)DNWRUHQQLFKWQDFKHUEHQGHWVLFKLQHLQHP=XVWDQG
RIIHQHU :DFKKHLW XQG LVW DOOHQ 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ LQ MHQHU
6LWXDWLRQ]XJlQJOLFKDXIGLHHUVLFKNRQ]HQWULHUWMHQHUGHV
VLFKHUHQ)DKUHQVVHLQHV:DJHQV

%HWUDFKWHQ ZLU GLH 6LWXDWLRQ GHU ZDFKHQ$XIPHUNVDPNHLW
JHJHQEHU HLQHP DQGHUHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ :HVHQ QGHQ ZLU
GDV NODUVWH %HLVSLHO LQ GHU +DOWXQJ HLQHU 0XWWHU JHJHQEHU
LKUHP %DE\ 6LH PHUNW JHZLVVH N|USHUOLFKH 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ
:QVFKH XQG 1|WH EHYRU VLH JHlXHUW ZHUGHQ 6LH ZDFKW
DXI ZHQQ GDV .LQG VFKUHLW RGHU ZHLQW ZlKUHQG DQGHUH XQG
HUKHEOLFKODXWHUH*HUlXVFKHVLHQLFKWDXIZHFNHQ(VEHGHXWHW
GDVLHJHJHQEHUGHQ/HEHQVlXHUXQJHQLKUHV.LQGHVZDFK
LVW VLH LVW ZHGHU lQJVWOLFK QRFK EHVRUJW VRQGHUQ EHILQGHW
VLFK LQ HLQHP =XVWDQG ZDFKHQ*OHLFKJHZLFKWVGDVIUMHGH
ZLFKWLJH0LWWHLOXQJGLHYRQLKUHP.LQGNRPPWHPSIlQJOLFK
LVW,QGHUJOHLFKHQ:HLVHNDQQPDQDXFKVLFKVHOEVWJHJHQEHU
ZDFKVHLQ0DQVSUW]XP%HLVSLHOHLQ*HIKOYRQ0GLJNHLW
RGHU 'HSUHVVLRQ XQG VWDWW LKP QXQ QDFK]XJHEHQ XQG HV
GXUFK GHSUHVVLYH *HGDQNHQ QRFK ]X I|UGHUQ GLH LPPHU
JUHLIEDU VLQG IUDJW PDQ VLFK :DV LVW SDVVLHUW" :DUXP ELQ
LFK GHSULPLHUW" 'DV JOHLFKH WXW PDQ ZHQQ PDQ LUULWLHUW
RGHU YHUlUJHUW LVW ZHQQ PDQ DQIlQJW VLFK LQ 7DJWUlXPHQ
]XHUJHKHQ,QDOOHQGLHVHQ)lOOHQLVWHVZLFKWLJGHULQQHUHQ
5HDOLWlWJHZDKU]XZHUGHQXQGVLHQLFKWDXIWDXVHQGXQGHLQH
:HLVH ]X UDWLRQDOLVLHUHQ GDQQ ZLUG PDQ RIW HLQH LQQHUH
6WLPPH K|UHQ GLH HLQHP VDJW ZDUXP PDQ lQJVWOLFK
GHSULPLHUWRGHULUULWLHUWLVW
'HU 'XUFKVFKQLWWVPHQVFK KDW HLQH JHZLVVH :DFKKHLW
JHJHQEHU 9RUJlQJHQ LQ VHLQHP .|USHU HU PHUNW MHGH
9HUlQGHUXQJ XQG VRJDU NDXP VSUEDUH 6FKPHU]HQ 'LHVH
$UW N|USHUOLFKHU $XIPHUNVDPNHLW LVW YHUKlOWQLVPlLJ
OHLFKW]XHUOHEHQGDGLHPHLVWHQ0HQVFKHQHLQJHQDXHV%LOG
MHQHV =XVWDQGHV KDEHQ LQ GHP VLH VLFK ZRKO IKOHQ 6HKU

YLHOVFKZLHULJHULVWHVMHGRFKGLHJOHLFKH:DFKKHLWVHHOLVFKHQ
9RUJlQJHQ JHJHQEHU ]X KDEHQ ZHLO YLHOH QRFK QLH HLQHQ
0HQVFKHQ JHNDQQW KDEHQ GHU JDQ] XQG ZDFK IXQNWLRQLHUW
)U VLH JLOW GDV VHHOLVFKH )XQNWLRQLHUHQ LKUHU (OWHUQ XQG
9HUZDQGWHQ RGHU GHU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ *UXSSH LQ GLH VLH
KLQHLQJHERUHQVLQGDOV1RUPXQGVRODQJHVLHVLFKYRQGLHVHU
1RUP QLFKW XQWHUVFKHLGHQ IKOHQ VLH VLFK QRUPDO XQG
KDEHQ VLH NHLQ ,QWHUHVVH HLQ GDYRQ DEZHLFKHQGHV 9HUKDOWHQ
]XEHREDFKWHQ(VJLEWYLHOH0HQVFKHQGLH]XP%HLVSLHOQRFK
QLH HLQHQ OLHEHQGHQ 0HQVFKHQ RGHU HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ PLW
,QWHJULWlW0XWRGHU.RQ]HQWUDWLRQJHVHKHQKDEHQ8PVLFK
VHLKVW JHJHQEHU ZDFK ]X VHLQ PX PDQ HLQH 9RUVWHOOXQJ
YRUQ JHVXQGHQ OHEHQGLJHQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ )XQNWLRQLHUHQ
KDEHQDEHUZLHNRPPWPDQ]XHLQHPGHUDUWLJHQ(UOHEQLV
ZHQQPDQHVZHGHULQVHLQHU.LQGKHLWQRFKVSlWHUJHKDEWKDW"
$XI GLHVH )UDJH JLEW HV VLFKHUOLFK NHLQH HLQIDFKH $QWZRUW
DEHUGLH)UDJHGHXWHWJHQDXDXIGHQNULWLVFKHQ3XQNWXQVHUHV
(U]LHKXQJVV\VWHPVKLQ
hEHU GHP 9HUPLWWHOQ YRQ :LVVHQ YHUJHVVHQ ZLU MHQHV
/HKUHQGDVIUGLHPHQVFKOLFKH(QWZLFNOXQJDPZLFKWLJVWHQ
LVW MHQHV /HKUHQ GDV QXU GXUFK GLH HLQIlGOH *HJHQZDUW
HLQHV UHLIHQ XQG OLHEHQGHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHJHEHQ ZHUGHQ
NDQQ ,Q PDQFKHQ (SRFKHQ XQVHUHU HLJHQHQ .XOWXU RGHU
LQ &KLQD XQG ,QGLHQ JDOW GHU 0HQVFK DP PHLVWHQ GHU
KHUYRUUDJHQGH VHHOLVFKH XQG PRUDOLVFKH 4XDOLWlWHQ KDWWH
'HU/HKUHUZDUQLFKWQXURGHUQLFKWLQHUVWHU/LQLHHLQHEORH
,QIRUPDWLRQVTXHOOH VRQGHUQ VHLQH $XIJDEH EHVWDQG GDULQ
EHVWLPPWH PHQVFKOLFKH +DOWXQJHQ ]X EHUPLWWHOQ ,Q GHU
]HLWJHQ|VVLVFKHQ NDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW XQG GDV

JOHLFKHJLOWDXFKIUGHQUXVVLVFKHQ.RPPXQLVPXVVLQGGLH
0HQVFKHQGLHDOVEHZXQGHUXQJVZUGLJXQGDOV9RUELOGJHOWHQ
DOOHV DQGHUH DOV 7UlJHU EHGHXWHQGHU VHHOLVFKHU 4XDOLWlWHQ
)LOPVWDUV 5DGLRXQWHUKDOWHU EHVWLPPWH -RXUQDOLVWHQ XQG
ZLFKWLJH *HVWDOWHQ DXV:LUWVFKDIW XQG 5HJLHUXQJ GDV VLQG
GLH9RUELOGHU,KUHKDXSWVlFKOLFKH4XDOLILNDWLRQOLHJWKlXILJ
GDULQGDHVLKQHQJHOXQJHQLVWEHNDQQWRGHUEHUKPW]X
ZHUGHQ$EHU WURW] DOOHGHP VFKHLQW GLH 6LWXDWLRQ QLFKW JDQ]
KRIIQXQJVORV]XVHLQ:HQQPDQGDUDQGHQNWGDHLQ0HQVFK
ZLH $OEHUW 6FKZHLW]HU LQ GHQ 9HUHLQLJWHQ 6WDDWHQ ZLH DXFK
DQGHUVZREHUKPWZHUGHQNRQQWHZHQQPDQVLFKGLHYLHOHQ
0|JOLFKNHLWHQ YRU $XJHQ KlOW XQVHUH -XJHQG PLW MHQHQ
OHEHQGHQ XQG KLVWRULVFKHQ 3HUV|QOLFKNHLWHQ YHUWUDXW ]X
PDFKHQ GLH ]HLJHQ ZHOFKHU9HUYROONRPPQXQJ GHU 0HQVFK
IlKLJ LVW ZHQQ PDQ DQ GLH JURHQ :HUNH GHU /LWHUDWXU XQG
DOOHU.XQVWGHQNWGDQQVFKHLQWGRFKQRFKGLH0|JOLFKNHLW]X
EHVWHKHQHLQH9LVLRQIUOHEHQGLJHVZDFKHV)XQNWLRQLHUHQ]X
EHUPLWWHOQ6ROOWHHVXQVDEHUQLFKWJHOLQJHQGLH9LVLRQHLQHV
UHLIHQ/HEHQVOHEHQGLJ]XKDOWHQGDQQVWHKHQZLUDOOHUGLQJVGHU
:DKUVFKHLQOLFKNHLWJHJHQEHUGDXQVHUHJHVDPWHNXOWXUHOOH
7UDGLWLRQHLQHV7DJHV]XVDPPHQEUHFKHQZLUG'LHVH7UDGLWLRQ
EHUXKW QLFKW LQ HUVWHU /LQLH DXI GHU hEHUPLWWOXQJ JHZLVVHU
,GHHQ XQG .HQQWQLVVH VRQGHUQ DXI GHU YRQ PHQVFKOLFKHQ
+DOWXQJHQ :HQQ GLH NRPPHQGHQ *HQHUDWLRQHQ GLHVH
PHQVFKOLFKH 5HDOLWlW QLFKW PHKU HUOHEHQ N|QQHQ ZLUG HLQH
IQIWDXVHQGMlKULJH .XOWXU ]XVDPPHQEUHFKHQ DXFK ZHQQ LKU
:LVVHQZHLWHUKLQEHUPLWWHOWXQGZHLWHUHQWZLFNHOWZLUG
%LVKHU KDEHQ ZLU GDV EHKDQGHOW ZDV IU GLH $XVEXQJ
DOOHU .QVWH Q|WLJ LVW MHW]W NRPPH LFK ]X GHQ EHVRQGHUHQ

$VSHNWHQ GLH IU GLH .XQVW GHV /LHEHQV HQWVFKHLGHQG
VLQG (QWVSUHFKHQG PHLQHQ $XVIKUXQJHQ EHU GDV :HVHQ
GHU /LHEH LVW GLH +DXSWEHGLQJXQJ IU GLH )lKLJNHLW OLHEHQ
]X N|QQHQ GDV hEHUZLQGHQ GHV HLJHQHQ 1DU]LPXV 'LH
QDU]LWLVFKH 2ULHQWLHUXQJ LVW HLQH +DOWXQJ LQ GHU PDQ QXU
GLH LQQHUHQ 9RUJlQJH YRU DOOHP %HJLHUGHQ XQG bQJVWH DOV
ZLUNOLFK HUOHEW GLH 3KlQRPHQH GHU 8PZHOW EHVLW]HQ DQ
VLFK NHLQH 5HDOLWlW VRQGHUQ ZHUGHQ QXU YRP 6WDQGSXQNW
LKUHU 1W]OLFKNHLW RGHU *HIlKUOLFKNHLW IU GHQ %HWUHIIHQGHQ
HUOHEW'DV*HJHQWHLO]XP1DU]LPXVLVW2EMHNWLYLWlWVLHLVW
GDV 9HUP|JHQ ]X 0HQVFKHQ XQG 'LQJHQ JH|IIQHW ]X VHLQ
VLH VR ]X VHKHQ ZLH VLH DQ XQG IU VLFK VLQG 2EMHNWLYLWlW LQ
GLHVHP 6LQQ LVW GHU 5HDOLVPXV GHU YRQ GHU 2EHUlFKH ]XP
.HUQ GHU (UVFKHLQXQJ YRUGULQJW 6LH EHUXKW LP *HJHQVDW]
]XP 1DU]LPXV QLFKW DXI %H]LHKXQJVORVLJNHLW VRQGHUQ DXI
GHULQWHQVLYVWHQ%H]RJHQKHLW$OOH)RUPHQGHU3V\FKRVHVLQG
H[WUHPH)RUPHQGHU8QIlKLJNHLW]XU2EMHNWLYLWlWLQGLHVHP
6LQQHGHVEH]RJHQHQ*H|IIQHWVHLQV)UGHQ*HLVWHVNUDQNHQ
OLHJW GLH HLQ]LJH 5HDOLWlW GLH EHUKDXSW H[LVWLHUW LQQHUKDOE
VHLQHU VHOEVW GLH VHLQHU bQJVWH XQG 7ULHEH 'LH 8PZHOW
LVW IU LKQ OHGLJOLFK 6\PERO VHLQHU ,QQHQZHOW LVW QXU VHLQH
6FK|SIXQJ(WZDVbKQOLFKHVJHVFKLHKWPLWXQVDOOHQZHQQZLU
WUlXPHQ,P7UDXPZLUGGDVNRQNUHWH(UHLJQLV]XP6\PERO
LQQHUHU9RUJlQJHXQGGRFKVLQGZLULP6FKODIEHU]HXJWGD
GDV 3URGXNW XQVHUHU 7UlXPH JHQDXVR ZLUNOLFK LVW ZLH GLH
:LUNOLFKNHLWGLHZLULPZDFKHQ=XVWDQGZDKUQHKPHQ
$EHU GHU 7UDXP XQG GLH *HLVWHVNUDQNKHLW VLQG QXU
H[WUHPH )lOOH GHV 0DQJHOV DQ 2EMHNWLYLWlW -HGHU YRQ XQV
KDW YRQ GHU :HOW HLQ XQREMHNWLYHV %LOG HLQHV GDV GXUFK

XQVHUH QDU]LWLVFKH 2ULHQWLHUXQJ YHU]HUUW LVW 0X LFK
GDIU %HLVSLHOH DQIKUHQ" -HGHU ILQGHW VLH PLW /HLFKWLJNHLW
ZHQQ HU VLFK VHOEVW XQG VHLQH 1DFKEDUQ EHREDFKWHW RGHU
ZHQQ HU =HLWXQJHQ OLHVW 6LH YDULLHUHQ DOOHUGLQJV LP *UDG
GHU QDU]LWLVFKHQ :LUNOLFKNHLWV YHU]HUUXQJ (LQH )UDX ]XP
%HLVSLHOUXIWLKUHQ$U]WDQXQGVDJWGDVLHJHUQDPJOHLFKHQ
1DFKPLWWDJLQVHLQH6SUHFKVWXQGHNRPPHQZUGH'HU$U]W
HUZLGHUWGDHUDQGLHVHP1DFKPLWWDJNHLQH=HLWKDEHGD
HU VLH MHGRFK DP IROJHQGHQ 1DFKPLWWDJ VHKHQ N|QQH ,KUH
$QWZRUWODXWHW$EHU+HUU'RNWRULFKZRKQHGRFKQXUIQI
0LQXWHQ YRQ ,KQHQ HQWIHUQW 6LH NDQQQLFKWEHJUHLIHQGD
HVIULKQNHLQH=HLWHUVSDUQLVEHGHXWHWZHQQGLH(QWIHUQXQJ
QXUNXU]LVW6LHHUOHEWGLH6LWXDWLRQQDU]LWLVFK'DVLH=HLW
VSDUW VSDUW HU HEHQIDOOV =HLW 'LH HLQ]LJH 5HDOLWlW LVW IU VLH
GDVHLJHQH,FK
:HQLJHUH[WUHPRGHUYLHOOHLFKWDXFKQXUZHQLJHUGHXWOLFK
VLQG GLH 9HU]HUUXQJHQ GLH LQ GHQ ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ
%H]LHKXQJHQEOLFKVLQG:LHYLHOH(OWHUQVLQGLQHUVWHU/LQLH
GDUDQLQWHUHVVLHUWRELKUH.LQGHUJHKRUVDPVLQGRGHULKQHQ
)UHXGHEHUHLWHQXQGVRZHLWHUVWDWWVLFKGDIU]XLQWHUHVVLHUHQ
ZDVXQGZLHGDV.LQGVHOEVWXQGQLFKWPLW%H]XJDXIVLH
HUOHEW :LH YLHOH (KHPlQQHU PHLQHQ LKUH )UDXHQ VHLHQ
W\UDQQLVFK ZHLO VLH GXUFK LKUH HLJHQH LQIDQWLOH %LQGXQJ DQ
GLH0XWWHUMHGH)RUGHUXQJGHU)UDXDOV(LQVFKUlQNXQJLKUHU
)UHLKHLWDXVOHJHQ:LHYLHOH)UDXHQKDOWHQLKUH0lQQHUIU
XQWFKWLJRGHUVFKZDFKZHLOGLHVHQLFKWMHQHUSKDQWDVWLVFKHQ
9RUVWHOOXQJ YRQ HLQHP VWUDKOHQGHQ 5LWWHU HQWVSUHFKHQ GLH
VLHVLFKDOV.LQGJHPDFKWKDEHQ

'HU 0DQJHO DQ 2EMHNWLYLWlW LP +LQEOLFN DXI IUHPGH
1DWLRQHQ LVW QRFK KlXJHU XQG JHIlKUOLFKHU 9RQ HLQHP
7DJ ]XP DQGHUHQ ZLUG HLQH DQGHUH 1DWLRQ DOV JHPHLQ XQG
IHLQGVHOLJ HPSIXQGHQ ZlKUHQG GLH HLJHQH 1DWLRQ DOO GDV
YHUN|USHUWZDVJXWXQGHGHOLVW-HGH+DQGOXQJGHV)HLQGHV
ZLUG PLW GHP HLQHQ MHGH HLJHQH +DQGOXQJ PLW GHP DQGHUHQ
0D JHPHVVHQ 6HOEVW JXWH 7DWHQ GHV )HLQGHV JHOWHQ DOV
=HLFKHQVHLQHUEHVRQGHUHQ%|VDUWLJNHLWXQGVROOHQQXUXQVXQG
GLH:HOWWlXVFKHQZlKUHQGGLHHLJHQHQVFKOHFKWHQ7DWHQGXUFK
GLHHGOHQ=LHOHGHQHQVLHGLHQHQJHUHFKWIHUWLJWZHUGHQ:HQQ
PDQGDV9HUKlOWQLV]ZLVFKHQGHQ1DWLRQHQZLHDXFK]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ0HQVFKHQEHUSUIWVRNRPPW PDQWDWVlFKOLFK]XGHP
6FKOX GD 2EMHNWLYLWlW GLH $XVQDKPH XQG HLQ PHKU RGHU
ZHQLJHU JURHV 0D DQ QDU]LWLVFKHU 9HU]HUUXQJ GLH 5HJHO
LVW
'DV9HUP|JHQREMHNWLY]XGHQNHQLVW9HUQXQIWGDVKLQWHU
GHU 9HUQXQIW VWHKHQGH *HIKO LVW 'HPXW 2EMHNWLY ]X VHLQ
XQGGLHHLJHQH9HUQXQIW]XJHEUDXFKHQLVWQXUGDQQP|JOLFK
ZHQQPDQVLFKYRQGHU,OOXVLRQGHUHLJHQHQ$OOZLVVHQKHLWXQG
$OOPDFKWGLHPDQDOV.LQGKDWWHJHO|VWKDW
,P +LQEOLFN DXI XQVHU7KHPD GLH 3UD[LV GHU .XQVW GHV
/LHEHQV EHGHXWHW GLHV 'LH /LHEH LVW YRP UHODWLYHQ )HKOHQ
GHV1DU]LPXVDEKlQJLJXQGHUIRUGHUWGLH(QWZLFNOXQJYRQ
'HPXW2EMHNWLYLWlWXQG9HUQXQIW'LHVHP=LHOPXPDQGDV
JDQ]H /HEHQ ZLGPHQ 'HPXW XQG 2EMHNWLYLWlW ODVVHQ VLFK
HEHQVRZHQLJ DXI JHZLVVH 6SKlUHQ GHV /HEHQV EHVFKUlQNHQ
ZLH GLH /LHEH ,FK NDQQ PHLQHU )DPLOLH JHJHQEHU QLFKW
ZDKUKDIWREMHNWLYVHLQZHQQLFKHVGHP)UHPGHQJHJHQEHU

QLFKW VHLQ NDQQ XQG XPJHNHKUW :HQQ LFK GLH .XQVW GHV
/LHEHQV HUOHUQHQ P|FKWH PX LFK PLFK LQ MHGHU 6LWXDWLRQ
XP 2EMHNWLYLWlW EHPKHQ XQG MHQHQ 6LWXDWLRQHQ JHJHQEHU
DXIPHUNVDPXQGZDFKVHLQLQGHQHQLFKQLFKWREMHNWLYELQ,FK
PXYHUVXFKHQGHQ8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQPHLQHPQDU]LWLVFK
YHU]HUUWHQ%LOGYRQHLQHU3HUVRQXQGLKUHP9HUKDOWHQYRQGHU
5HDOLWlWMHQHU3HUVRQ]XHUNHQQHQZLHVLHXQJHDFKWHWPHLQHU
,QWHUHVVHQ 1|WH XQG bQJVWH H[LVWLHUW 'LH )lKLJNHLW ]XU
2EMHNWLYLWlWXQG9HUQXQIWLVWHLQHHQWVFKHLGHQGH%HGLQJXQJ
GHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQVGLHVH)lKLJNHLWPXVLFKMHGRFKDXI
MHGHQHUVWUHFNHQPLWGHPPDQ.RQWDNWEHNRPPW:HQQPDQ
VHLQH 2EMHNWLYLWlW QXU GHP JHOLHEWHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHJHQEHU
YRUEHKDOWHQ ZLOO XQG JODXEW VLH LP 9HUKlOWQLV ]XU EULJHQ
:HOWQLFKW]XEUDXFKHQZLUGPDQVHKUEDOGIHVWVWHOOHQGD
PDQQLFKWQXUKLHUVRQGHUQDXFKGRUWYHUVDJW
'LH )lKLJNHLW GHV /LHEHQV LVW YRQ XQVHUHP 9HUP|JHQ
DEKlQJLJ HUZDFKVHQ ]X ZHUGHQ XQG LQ XQVHUHP 9HUKlOWQLV
]XU :HOW VRZLH ]X XQV VHOEVW HLQH VFK|SIHULVFKH 2ULHQWLHUXQJ
]X HQWZLFNHOQ 'LHVHU 9RUJDQJ GHV 6LFKO|VHQV GHV
*HERUHQZHUGHQV GHV (UZDFKHQV HUIRUGHUW DOV QRWZHQGLJH
%HGLQJXQJ HLQH ZHLWHUH (LJHQVFKDIW *ODXEHQ /LHEH LVW LP
*ODXEHQJHJUQGHW
:DV LVW *ODXEH" ,VW HV QRWZHQGLJHUZHLVH HLQH 6DFKH GHV
*ODXEHQV DQ *RWW RGHU DQ UHOLJL|VH 'RNWULQHQ" 6WHKW
*ODXEH LP *HJHQVDW] ]X 9HUQXQIW XQG UDWLRQDOHP 'HQNHQ"
,VW HV YLHOOHLFKW QXU HLQ VFKOHFKW IXQGLHUWHV :LVVHQ GDV
QLFKW EHZLHVHQ ZHUGHQ NDQQ" =XQlFKVW HLQPDO VROOWH PDQ
]ZLVFKHQUDWLRQDOHPXQGLUUDWLRQDOHP*ODXEHQXQWHUVFKHLGHQ

8QWHU LUUDWLRQDOHP *ODXEHQ YHUVWHKH LFK GHQ *ODXEHQ DQ
HLQH 3HUVRQ RGHU DQ HLQH ,GHH GHU DXI GHU 8QWHUZHUIXQJ
XQWHU HLQH LUUDWLRQDOH $XWRULWlW EHUXKW ,P *HJHQVDW] GD]X
LVW UDWLRQDOHU *ODXEH HLQH hEHU]HXJXQJ GLH LP HLJHQHQ
'HQN RGHU *HIKOVHUOHEQLV ZXU]HOW 5DWLRQDOHU *ODXEH
LVW LQ HUVWHU /LQLH QLFKW GHU *ODXEH DQ HWZDV VRQGHUQ GLH
*HZLKHLW XQG )HVWLJNHLW GLH GHU DXI GHP HLJHQHQ HFKWHQ
(UOHEQLV JHJUQGHWHQ hEHU]HXJXQJ HLJHQ LVW *ODXEH LVW HLQ
&KDUDNWHU]XJGHU*HVDPWSHUV|QOLFKNHLWXQGQLFKWHWZDVZDV
VLFKDXIEHVWLPPWHDOVZDKUKLQJHQRPPHQH*HGDQNHQLQKDOWH
EH]LHKW
5DWLRQDOHU*ODXEHLVWLQGHUVFK|SIHULVFKHQLQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ
XQG(IIHNWLYHQ$NWLYLWlWYHUZXU]HOW,PUDWLRQDOHQ'HQNHQLQ
GHPIU*ODXEHQDQJHEOLFKNHLQ3ODW]LVWELOGHWGHUUDWLRQDOH
*ODXEHHLQHZLFKWLJH.RPSRQHQWH:LHNRPPW]XP%HLVSLHO
GHU :LVVHQVFKDIWOHU ]X HLQHU QHXHQ (QWGHFNXQJ" %HJLQQW
HU GDPLW GD HU HLQ ([SHULPHQW QDFK GHP DQGHUHQ PDFKW
HLQH 7DWVDFKH QDFK GHU DQGHUHQ ]XVDPPHQWUlJW RKQH HLQH
9RUVWHOOXQJ YRQ GHP ]X KDEHQ ZDV HU HQWGHFNHQ ZLOO"
1XU VHOWHQ LVW HLQH ZLUNOLFK EHGHXWHQGH (QWGHFNXQJ DXI
LUJHQGHLQHP *HELHW VR ]XVWDQGH JHNRPPHQ 'HU 9RUJDQJ
GHV VFK|SIHULVFKHQ 'HQNHQV EHJLQQW DXI MHGHP *HELHW
GHV PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6WUHEHQV KlXJ PLW GHP ZDV PDQ DOV
UDWLRQDOH,QWXLWLRQEH]HLFKQHQN|QQWH DOV GHP (UJHEQLV
XPIDVVHQGHU YRUKHUJHJDQJHQHU 6WXGLHQ NULWLVFKHQ 'HQNHQV
XQG%HREDFKWXQJ

'LHVH $XIIDVVXQJ HQWVSULFKW GHU 8UEHGHXWXQJ GHV DOWWHVWDPHQWDULVFKHQ %HJULIIHV
GHV *ODXEHQV ,P +HEUlLVFKHQ LVW GDV bTXLYDOHQW IU *ODXEH (PXQDK ZDV
*HZLKHLWEHGHXWHW:HQQZLU$PHQVDJHQVRVDJHQZLUQLFKWVDQGHUHVDOV
JHZL

'LH*HVFKLFKWHGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWLVWYROOYRQ%HLVSLHOHQIU
GHQ *ODXEHQ LQ GLH 9HUQXQIW XQG IU UDWLRQDOH ,QWXLWLRQ
.RSHUQLNXV .HSOHU *DOLOHL XQG 1HZWRQ ZDUHQ YRQ HLQHP
XQHUVFKWWHUOLFKHQ*ODXEHQLQGLH9HUQXQIWHUIOOW)UGLHVHQ
*ODXEHQZXUGH%UXQRDXIGHP6FKHLWHUKDXIHQYHUEUDQQWXQG
ZXUGH6SLQR]DDXVVHLQHU*ODXEHQVJHPHLQVFKDIWDXVJHVWRHQ
%HLMHGHP6FKULWWYRQGHU.RQ]HSWLRQHLQHUUDWLRQDOHQ9LVLRQ
ELV]XU)RUPXOLHUXQJHLQHU7KHRULHLVW*ODXEHQ|WLJ*ODXEH
LQ GLH 9LVLRQ DOV HLQ UDWLRQDO HUVWUHEHQVZHUWHV =LHO VRZLH
*ODXEH LQ GLH +\SRWKHVH RGHU 7KHRULH VRODQJH VLH QRFK
QLFKW DOOJHPHLQH$QHUNHQQXQJ JHIXQGHQ KDW 'LHVHU *ODXEH
ZXU]HOW LP HLJHQHQ (UOHEQLV GHU hEHU]HXJXQJ YRQ GHU
.UDIW GHU HLJHQHQ *HGDQNHQ %HREDFKWXQJHQ XQG 8UWHLOH
:lKUHQG LUUDWLRQDOHU *ODXEH EHGHXWHW HWZDV GHVZHJHQ DOV
ZDKU DQ]XQHKPHQ ZHLO HLQH $XWRULWlW RGHU GLH 0HKUKHLW HV
EHKDXSWHWHQWVSULQJWUDWLRQDOHU*ODXEHDXVGHUXQDEKlQJLJHQ
hEHU]HXJXQJ GLH DXI HLJHQHP VFK|SIHULVFKHQ %HREDFKWHQ
XQG'HQNHQEHUXKWWURW]GHU0HLQXQJGHU0HKUKHLW
'HQNHQXQG8UWHLOHQVLQGQLFKWGLHHLQ]LJHQ*HELHWHGHV
(UOHEHQVLQGHQHQVLFKUDWLRQDOHU*ODXEHlXHUW,QGHU6SKlUH
GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ %H]LHKXQJHQ LVW *ODXEH HLQH XQHUOlOLFKH
(LJHQVFKDIW GHU HFKWHQ )UHXQGVFKDIW RGHU /LHEH *ODXEHQ
LQ HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ KDEHQ EHGHXWHW GHU =XYHUOlVVLJNHLW XQG
8QYHUlQGHUOLFKNHLW VHLQHU JUXQGOHJHQGHQ +DOWXQJ GHV .HUQV
VHLQHU 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW RGHU VHLQHU /LHEH JHZL ]X VHLQ 'DPLW
PHLQH LFK QLFKW GD HLQ 0HQVFK DQ GHQ LFK JODXEH VHLQH
0HLQXQJQLFKWlQGHUQGUIHVRQGHUQGDVHLQHJUXQGOHJHQGHQ
0RWLYHGLHJOHLFKHQEOHLEHQGD]XP%HLVSLHOVHLQ5HVSHNWIU

/HEHQXQG0HQVFKHQZUGHHLQ7HLOVHLQHUVHOEVWXQGNHLQHU
9HUlQGHUXQJXQWHUZRUIHQLVW
,P JOHLFKHQ 6LQQH KDEHQ ZLU *ODXEHQ LQ XQV VHOEVW :LU
VLQG GHU ([LVWHQ] HLQHV 6HOEVW HLQHV .HUQHV LQ XQVHUHU
3HUV|QOLFKNHLW JHZDKU GHU XQYHUlQGHUOLFK LVW XQG GHU
ZlKUHQG XQVHUHV JDQ]HQ /HEHQV WURW] VLFK lQGHUQGHU
8PVWlQGHXQGXQJHDFKWHWJHZLVVHU9HUlQGHUXQJHQLQ$QVLFKW
XQG*HIKOEHVWHKW'LHVHU.HUQLVWGLH:LUNOLFKNHLWKLQWHU
GHP :RUW LFK XQG DXI LKP EHUXKW XQVHUH hEHU]HXJXQJ
YRQGHUHLJHQHQ,GHQWLWlW:HQQZLUNHLQHQ*ODXEHQLQGLHVHV
6HOEVWKDEHQLVWXQVHU*HIKOGHU,GHQWLWlWEHGURKWXQGZHUGHQ
ZLU YRQ DQGHUHQ 0HQVFKHQ DEKlQJLJ GHUHQ %LOOLJXQJ GDQQ
]XU *UXQGODJH XQVHUHV ,GHQWLWlWVHUOHEQLVVHV ZLUG 1XU GHU
0HQVFKGHU*ODXEHLQVLFKVHOEVWKDWLVWIlKLJDQGHUHQWUHX
]XVHLQZHLODOOHLQHUVLFKHUVHLQNDQQGDHULQGHU=XNXQIW
GHU JOHLFKH VHLQ ZLUG ZLH KHXWH XQG GD HU GDKHU DXFK
VSlWHU JHQDXVR IKOHQ XQG KDQGHOQ ZLUG ZLH HU HV KHXWH
YHUVSULFKW *ODXEH ]X VLFK VHOEVW LVW HLQH 9RUEHGLQJXQJ IU
XQVHUH )lKLJNHLW ]X YHUVSUHFKHQ XQG ZHQQ GHU 0HQVFK
ZLH 1LHW]VFKH VDJW GXUFK VHLQH )lKLJNHLW ]X YHUVSUHFKHQ
GHQLHUW ZHUGHQ NDQQ LVW GHU *ODXEH HLQH %HGLQJXQJ GHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ ([LVWHQ] :DV GLH /LHEH DQODQJW LVW GHU
*ODXEH LQ GLH HLJHQH /LHEH LQ LKUH )lKLJNHLW EHL DQGHUHQ
/LHEHKHUYRU]XUXIHQXQGLQLKUH=XYHUOlVVLJNHLWHLQHLKUHU
*UXQGEHGLQJXQJHQ
(LQDQGHUHU$VSHNWGHV*ODXEHQVLQDQGHUHEH]LHKWVLFKDXI
GHQ*ODXEHQGHQZLULQGLH0|JOLFKNHLWHQGHVDQGHUHQKDEHQ
'LHHOHPHQWDUVWH)RUPLQGHUGLHVHU*ODXEHEHVWHKWLVWGHU

*ODXEHGHQGLH0XWWHULQLKUQHXJHERUHQHV.LQGKDWGDHV
OHEHQZDFKVHQODXIHQXQGVSUHFKHQZLUG,QGLHVHU+LQVLFKW
OlXIW GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ HLQHV .LQGHV MHGRFK PLW VR JURHU
5HJHOPlLJNHLWDEGDGLHVH(UZDUWXQJHQNHLQHQ*ODXEHQ]X
HUIRUGHUQVFKHLQHQ$QGHUVLVWHVEHLMHQHQ0|JOLFKNHLWHQEHL
GHQHQHVQLFKWJHVDJWLVWREVLHVLFKEHUKDXSWHQWZLFNHOQ
GLH 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ GHV .LQGHV ]X OLHEHQ JOFNOLFK ]X VHLQ
VHLQH 9HUQXQIW ]X HQWZLFNHOQ XQG VFKOLHOLFK EHVRQGHUH
0|JOLFKNHLWHQ ZLH NQVWOHULVFKH RGHU LQWHOOHNWXHOOH
%HJDEXQJHQ6LHVLQGGLH6DDWGLHKHUDQZlFKVWXQGHUNHQQEDU
ZLUGZHQQGLH%HGLQJXQJHQIULKUH(QWZLFNOXQJJHJHEHQ
VLQG GLH MHGRFK JHQDXVRJXW YHUGRUUHQ NDQQ ZHQQ GLH
HQWVSUHFKHQGHQ%HGLQJXQJHQIHKOHQ
=X GHQ ZLFKWLJVWHQ GLHVHU %HGLQJXQJHQ JHK|UW GD GHU
0HQVFK GHU LP /HEHQ GHV .LQGHV HLQH EHGHXWHQGH 5ROOH
VSLHOW*ODXEHLQGLHVH0|JOLFKNHLWHQKDW'DV9RUKDQGHQVHLQ
GLHVHV*ODXEHQELOGHWGHQ8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQ(U]LHKXQJ
XQG%HHLQXVVXQJ(U]LHKXQJLVWLGHQWLVFKPLWGHU$XIJDEH
GHP .LQG EHL GHU 9HUZLUNOLFKXQJ VHLQHU 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ ]X
KHOIHQ 'DV *HJHQWHLO YRQ (U]LHKXQJ LVW %HHLQIOXVVXQJ GLH
DXIGHP)HKOHQYRQ*ODXEHQLQGDV9RUKDQGHQVHLQXQGGLH
(QWZLFNOXQJ GHU 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ XQG DXI GHU hEHU]HXJXQJ
EHUXKW GD HLQ .LQG QXU GDQQ ]X HLQHP RUGHQWOLFKHQ
0HQVFKHQ ZLUG ZHQQ GLH (UZDFKVHQHQ LQ GDV .LQG
KLQHLQSIODQ]HQ ZDV ZQVFKHQVZHUW LVW XQG XQWHUGUFNHQ
ZDV QLFKW ZQVFKHQVZHUW ]X VHLQ VFKHLQW ,Q HLQHQ 5RERWHU
EUDXFKWPDQNHLQHQ*ODXEHQ]XKDEHQGDLQLKPNHLQ/HEHQ
LVWGDVVLFKHQWIDOWHW

'HU*ODXEHLQDQGHUHKDWVHLQHQ+|KHSXQNWLP*ODXEHQLQ
GLH 0HQVFKKHLW ,Q GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ :HOW IDQG GLHVHU *ODXEH
VHLQHQ$XVGUXFNLQUHOLJL|VHU6SUDFKHLPMGLVFKFKULVWOLFKHQ
'HQNHQ LQ ZHOWOLFKHU 6SUDFKH IDQG HU VHLQHQ VWlUNVWHQ
$XVGUXFN LQ GHQ KXPDQLVWLVFKHQ SROLWLVFKHQ XQG VR]LDOHQ
,GHHQ GHU OHW]WHQ KXQGHUWIQI]LJ -DKUH :LH GHU *ODXEH LQ
GDV.LQGEHUXKWDXFKGLHVHU*ODXEHDQGLH0HQVFKKHLWDXI
GHU 9RUVWHOOXQJ GD GLH 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ GHV 0HQVFKHQ VR
VLQG GD HU XQWHU HQWVSUHFKHQGHQ %HGLQJXQJHQ IlKLJ VHLQ
ZLUGHLQHYRQGHQ3ULQ]LSLHQGHU*OHLFKKHLW*HUHFKWLJNHLW
XQG/LHEHJHWUDJHQHJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH2UGQXQJDXI]XEDXHQ
%LV MHW]W KDW GHU 0HQVFK HV QLFKW HUUHLFKW GLHVH 2UGQXQJ
DXI]XEDXHQXQGGDKHUHUIRUGHUWGLHhEHU]HXJXQJGDHUHV
GRFKN|QQH*ODXEHQ$EHUZLHEHLMHGHPUDWLRQDOHQ*ODXEHQ
LVW DXFK GLHVHU NHLQ:XQVFKGHQNHQ YLHOPHKU EHUXKW HU DXI
GHU 7DWVDFKH GHU ELVKHULJHQ (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU 0HQVFKKHLW
VRZLH DXI GHLQ LQQHUHQ (UOHEQLV MHGHV (LQ]HOQHQ DXI GHP
HLJHQHQ(UOHEQLVGHU9HUQXQIWXQGGHU/LHEH
:lKUHQGGHULUUDWLRQDOH*ODXEHLQGHU8QWHUZHUIXQJXQWHU
HLQH 0DFKW ZXU]HOW GLH DOV EHUZlOWLJHQG VWDUN DOOZLVVHQG
XQG DOOPlFKWLJ HPSIXQGHQ ZLUG VRZLH LQ GHU $EGDQNXQJ
GHU HLJHQHQ .UDIW XQG 6WlUNH EHUXKW GHU UDWLRQDOH *ODXEH
DXI GHP JHJHQWHLOLJHQ (UOHEQLV :LU KDEHQ *ODXEHQ LQ
HLQHQ *HGDQNHQ ZHLO HU GDV (UJHEQLV XQVHUHU HLJHQHQ
%HREDFKWXQJHQ XQG XQVHUHV HLJHQHQ 'HQNHQV LVW:LU KDEHQ
*ODXEHQ LQ GLH HLJHQHQ 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ ZLH DXFK LQ GLH
0|JOLFKNHLWHQDQGHUHUXQGGHU0HQVFKKHLWLQGHP*UDGHLQ
GHPZLUGLH5HDOLWlWXQVHUHVHLJHQHQ:DFKVHLQVXQG5HLIHQV
HUOHEW KDEHQ 'LH *UXQGODJH GHV UDWLRQDOHQ *ODXEHQV LVW

XQVHUH HLJHQH 3URGXNWLYLWlW ,P *ODXEHQ ]X OHEHQ KHLW
VFK|SIHULVFK ]X OHEHQ 'DUDXV IROJW GD GHU *ODXEH DQ
GLH0DFKWLP6LQQHYRQ%HKHUUVFKXQJXQGGHU*HEUDXFK
GHU0DFKWGDV*HJHQWHLOGHV*ODXEHQVVLQG'HU*ODXEHDQ
GLH MHZHLOV H[LVWLHUHQGHQ 0lFKWH HEHQ ZHLO VLH H[LVWLHUHQ
LVW LGHQWLVFK PLW GHP 8QJODXEHQ DQ GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ MHQHU
0|JOLFKNHLWHQ GLH QRFK QLFKW YHUZLUNOLFKW VLQG (U LVW GLH
9RUKHUVDJHGHU=XNXQIWGLHDXIGHUXQYHUlQGHUWHQ)RUWGDXHU
GHV JHJHQZlUWLJHQ =XVWDQGHV EHUXKW HV VWHOOW VLFK MHGRFK
LPPHU KHUDXV GD GLHVH 9RUDXVVDJHQ )HKOVFKOVVH VLQG
ZHLO VLH GDV :DFKVWXP GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 0|JOLFKNHLWHQ
LJQRULHUHQ(VJLEWNHLQHQ*ODXEHQDQGLH0DFKW(VJLEWQXU
GLH 8QWHUZHUIXQJ XQWHU VLH RGHU DXI VHLWHQ GHUHU GLH VLH
KDEHQGHQ:XQVFKVLH]XEHKDOWHQ:lKUHQG0DFKWIUYLHOH
0HQVFKHQGDVUHDOVWHDOOHU'LQJH]XVHLQVFKHLQWEHZHLVWGLH
*HVFKLFKWHGDVLHGLHXQVLFKHUVWHXQGYRUEHUJHKHQGVWHDOOHU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ(UUXQJHQVFKDIWHQLVW$XI*UXQGGHU7DWVDFKH
GD *ODXEH XQG 0DFKW HLQDQGHU DXVVFKOLHHQ ZHUGHQ DOOH
UHOLJL|VHQ XQG SROLWLVFKHQ 6\VWHPH GLH XUVSUQJOLFK DXI
UDWLRQDOHP *ODXEHQ HUULFKWHW ZXUGHQ NRUUXSW XQG YHUOLHUHQ
VFKOLHOLFK GLH LQQHUH 6WlUNH ZHQQ VLH VLFK DXI GLH 0DFKW
YHUODVVHQ RGHU VLFK PLW LKU YHUEQGHQ *ODXEHQ ]X KDEHQ
HUIRUGHUW 0XW GLH )lKLJNHLW DOVR HLQ 5LVLNR DXI VLFK ]X
QHKPHQ XQG EHUHLW ]X VHLQ 6FKPHU]HQ XQG (QWWlXVFKXQJHQ
]X HUWUDJHQ :HU DXI 6LFKHUKHLW XQG 6RUJHQIUHLKHLW DOV
SULPlUHQ/HEHQVEHGLQJXQJHQEHKDUUWNDQQQLHPDOV*ODXEHQ
KDEHQZHUVLFKLQHLQHP6\VWHPHLQVFKOLHWEHLGHP'LVWDQ]
XQG %HVLW] 0LWWHO GHU 6LFKHUKHLW VLQG PDFKW VLFK VHOEVW ]XP
*HIDQJHQHQ

'LHVHU 0XW LVW VHKU YHUVFKLHGHQ YRQ GHP 0XW YRQ GHP
GHU 3UDKOKDQV 0XVVROLQL VSUDFK DOV HU VLFK PLW GHP 6ORJDQ
*HIlKUOLFKOHEHQEUVWHWH6HLQH$UW0XWZDUGHU0XWGHV
1LKLOLVPXV(UVWDPPWDXVHLQHUGHVWUXNWLYHQ/HEHQVKDOWXQJ
DXV GHU %HUHLWZLOOLJNHLW GDV /HEHQ ZHJ]XZHUIHQ ZHLO PDQ
QLFKWIlKLJLVWHV]XOLHEHQ'HU0XWGHU9HU]ZHLXQJLVWGDV
*HJHQWHLOYRP0XWGHU/LHEHZLHDXFKGDV9HUWUDXHQLQGLH
0DFKWGDV*HJHQWHLOYRP9HUWUDXHQLQGLH/LHEHLVW
.DQQPDQVLFKLP*ODXEHQXQG0XWEHQ"*ODXEHQNDQQ
PDQ LQ MHGHP HLQ]HOQHQ $XJHQEOLFN EHQ 0DQ EUDXFKW
*ODXEHQXPHLQ.LQGDXI]X]LHKHQPDQEUDXFKW*ODXEHQXP
HLQ]XVFKODIHQXQG*ODXEHQXPLUJHQGHLQH$UEHLWDQ]XIDQJHQ
(VLVWQXUVRGDZLUDQGLHVH$UWYRQ*ODXEHQVFKRQJHZ|KQW
VLQG:HULKQQLFKWKDWOHLGHWDQhEHUlQJVWOLFKNHLW IU VHLQ
.LQGDQ6FKODIORVLJNHLWRGHUDQGHU8QIlKLJNHLWLUJHQGHLQH
VFK|SIHULVFKH$UEHLW]XWXQRGHUHULVWDUJZ|KQLVFKXQIlKLJ
DQGHUHQQDKH]XVHLQVFKZHUPWLJRGHUQLFKWLQGHU/DJH
ODQJIULVWLJH 3OlQH ]X PDFKHQ =X GHP HLJHQHQ 8UWHLO EHU
HLQHQ0HQVFKHQ]XVWHKHQZHQQGLHDOOJHPHLQH0HLQXQJRGHU
LUJHQGZHOFKHXQYRUKHUJHVHKHQHQ7DWVDFKHQHV]XHQWNUlIWHQ
VFKHLQHQ ]X GHU HLJHQHQ hEHU]HXJXQJ ]X VWHKHQ DXFK
ZHQQVLHXQSRSXOlULVWGDVHUIRUGHUW*ODXEHQXQG0XW'LH
6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ5FNVFKOlJHXQG6RUJHQGHV/HEHQVDOVHLQH
+HUDXVIRUGHUXQJ]XQHKPHQGHUHQhEHUZLQGXQJXQVVWlUNHU
PDFKWGDVHUIRUGHUWHEHQIDOOV*ODXEHQXQG0XW
'DV 6LFKhEHQ LQ *ODXEHQ XQG 0XW EHJLQQW EHL GHQ
NOHLQHQ (LQ]HOKHLWHQ GHV WlJOLFKHQ /HEHQV 'HU HUVWH
6FKULWW EHVWHKW GDULQ ]X HUNHQQHQ ZR XQG ZDQQ PDQ GHQ

*ODXEHQ YHUOLHUW GLH 5DWLRQDOLVLHUXQJHQ ]X GXUFKVFKDXHQ
PLWGHQHQGHU9HUOXVWGHV*ODXEHQVEHUGHFNWZHUGHQVROO
XQG ]X HUNHQQHQ ZR PDQ IHLJH JHKDQGHOW KDW XQG ZHOFKHU
5DWLRQDOLVLHUXQJHQPDQVLFKKLHUEHGLHQWIHUQHU]XHUNHQQHQ
GDMHGHU6HOEVWEHWUXJHLQHQVFKZlFKWXQGGD]XQHKPHQGH
6FKZlFKH]XQHXHP6HOEVWEHWUXJIKUWXQGVRZHLWHULQHLQHP
LPPHUWLHIHU]XP8QJODXEHQIKUHQGHQ.UHLVODXI'DQQZLUG
PDQ DXFK HUNHQQHQ GD PDQ ZlKUHQG PDQ VLFK EHZXW
GDYRU IUFKWHW QLFKW JHOLHEW ]X ZHUGHQ LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW XQG
XQEHZXWIUFKWHW]XOLHEHQ(LQHQ0HQVFKHQ]XOLHEHQKHLW
VLFK VHOEVW ]X JHEHQ RKQH HLQH 6LFKHUKHLW GHU *HJHQOLHEH
]X KDEHQ DEHU LP *ODXEHQ GD GLH HLJHQH /LHEH LQ GHP
JHOLHEWHQ 0HQVFKHQ /LHEH KHUYRUUXIHQ ZLUG /LHEH LVW
HLQ $NW GHV *ODXEHQV XQG ZHU QXU ZHQLJ *ODXEHQ KDW KDW
DXFK QXU ZHQLJ /LHEH .DQQ PDQ PHKU EHU GDV 6LFKhEHQ
LP *ODXEHQ VDJHQ" 0DQFKH N|QQHQ HV YLHOOHLFKW ZlUH LFK
'LFKWHU RGHU 3KLORVRSK ZUGH LFK HV YHUVXFKHQ 'D LFK
MHGRFK ZHGHU GDV HLQH QRFK GDV DQGHUH ELQ NDQQ LFK QLFKW
HLQPDOYHUVXFKHQPHKUGDUEHU]XVDJHQ,FKELQVLFKHUGD
MHGHUGHUHVP|FKWHJHQDXVROHUQHQNDQQ*ODXEHQ]XKDEHQ
ZLHHLQ.LQGGDV/DXIHQOHUQW
(LQH+DOWXQJGLHYRQGHU$XVEXQJGHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV
XQWUHQQEDU LVW ZXUGH ELVKHU QXU NXU] HUZlKQW XQG VROO
MHW]W DXVIKUOLFKHU EHKDQGHOW ZHUGHQ $NWLYLWlW ,FK KDEH
YRUKLQEHUHLWVJHVDJWGDPLW$NWLYLWlWQLFKWJHPHLQWLVW
GD LUJHQG HWZDV JHWDQ ZLUG VRQGHUQ GD GDPLW GLH LQQHUH
$NWLYLWlW GHU VFK|SIHULVFKH *HEUDXFK GHU HLJHQHQ .UlIWH
JHPHLQW LVW /LHEH LVW HLQH $NWLYLWlW ZHQQ LFK OLHEH ELQ
LFK DNWLY EH]RJHQ DXI GLH JHOLHEWH 3HUVRQ XQG QLFKW QXU DXI

VLHGHQQLFKZUGHXQIlKLJVHLQPLFKDNWLYDXIGLHJHOLHEWH
3HUVRQ ]X EH]LHKHQ ZHQQ LFK WUlJH ZlUH XQG PLFK QLFKW LQ
HLQHP GDXHUQGHQ =XVWDQG YRQ :DFKKHLW *H|IIQHWKHLW XQG
$NWLYLWlWEHIlQGH'HU6FKODILVWGLH HLQ]LJH 6LWXDWLRQ GLH
GHU ,QDNWLYLWlW HQWVSULFKW IU GLH PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ JLOW
MHGRFKGLHSDUDGR[H6LWXDWLRQGDVLHKDOEVFKODIHQZHQQVLH
ZDFK ]X VHLQ PHLQHQ XQG KDOEZDFKVLQGZHQQVLHVFKODIHQ
ZROOHQ9|OOLJ ZDFK ]X VHLQ KHLW VLFK RGHU DQGHUH QLFKW ]X
ODQJZHLOHQXQGVLFKRGHUGHQDQGHUHQQLFKW]XODQJZHLOHQ
LVW HLQH *UXQGEHGLQJXQJ IU GLH /LHEH :DFK ]X VHLQ LP
'HQNHQ XQG )KOHQ LP 6HKHQ XQG +|UHQ DXIPHUNVDP
XQGJH|IIQHW]XVHLQLVWHLQHXQHUOlOLFKH%HGLQJXQJIUGLH
.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV(VLVWHLQH,OOXVLRQ]XJODXEHQPDQN|QQH
VHLQ/HEHQVRDXIWHLOHQGDPDQLQGHU6SKlUHGHU/LHEH]ZDU
VFK|SIHULVFKLQDOOHQDQGHUHQ6SKlUHQMHGRFKXQVFK|SIHULVFK
VHLQNDQQ(VOLHJWLP:HVHQGHU3URGXNWLYLWlWGDVLHNHLQH
GHUDUWLJH$UEHLWVWHLOXQJ HUODXEW 'LH )lKLJNHLW ]XP /LHEHQ
YHUODQJW ,QWHQVLWlW :DFKKHLW XQG JHVWHLJHUWH 9LWDOLWlW XQG
VLH NDQQ PDQ QXU GXUFK VFK|SIHULVFKH XQG DNWLYH +DOWXQJ
DXI YLHOHQ DQGHUHQ /HEHQVJHELHWHQ HUUHLFKHQ:HQQ PDQ LQ
DQGHUHQ6SKlUHQQLFKWSURGXNWLYLVWZLUGPDQHVLQGHU/LHEH
DXFKQLFKWVHLQ
:LHZLUVFKRQREHQDQJHIKUWKDEHQLVWGLH/LHEH]XHLQHU
JHOLHEWHQ3HUVRQXQGGLH/LHEH]XP1lFKVWHQQLFKWYRQHLQDQGHU
]XWUHQQHQ'LHVKHLWDEHUDXFKGDGLH)lKLJNHLW]XOLHEHQ
QLFKW QXU YRQ LQGLYLGXHOOHQ )DNWRUHQ DEKlQJW VRQGHUQ YRQ
GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ $WPRVSKlUH ZLH VLH LQ HLQHU
*HVHOOVFKDIW H[LVWLHUW XQG GDV KHLW ZLHGHUXP YRQ GHU
JHVDPWHQ 6WUXNWXU XQG /HEHQVSUD[LV HLQHU *HVHOOVFKDIW

:LH VWHKW HV PLW GHU 1lFKVWHQOLHEH LQ XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW"
:lKUHQG ZLU YLHO YRQ LKU UHGHQ LVW VLH LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW
HLQH VHOWHQH (UVFKHLQXQJ :LH N|QQWH HV DXFK DQGHUV VHLQ
LQ HLQHP JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ 6\VWHP GDV DXI GHP (JRLVPXV
XQG GHU .RQNXUUHQ] DXIJHEDXW LVW" 8QVHUH %H]LHKXQJ ]XP
0LWPHQVFKHQ LVW VHOWHQ GLH GHU /LHEH XQG LP EHVWHQ )DOO
ZHQQ DXFK QLFKW VR VHOWHQYRQ GHP*UXQGVDW]GHU )DLUQH
EHVWLPPW )DLUQH EHGHXWHW EHLP $XVWDXVFK YRQ :DUHQ
XQG 'LHQVWOHLVWXQJHQ NHLQHQ %HWUXJ XQG NHLQH *DXQHUHL ]X
EHJHKHQXQGGDVVHOEHJLOWIUGHQ$XVWDXVFKYRQ*HIKOHQ
:DVGXPLUJLEVWJHEHLFKGLUODXWHWLQGHUNDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIWGLHYRUKHUUVFKHQGHHWKLVFKH0D[LPHVRZRKOIU
:DUHQDOVDXFKIU/LHEH0DQN|QQWHVRJDUVDJHQGDGLH
(QWZLFNOXQJHLQHU0RUDOGHU)DLUQHGHUEHVRQGHUHHWKLVFKH
%HLWUDJGHUNDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ*HVHOOVFKDIWLVW
'LH *UQGH IU GLHVH 7DWVDFKH OLHJHQ LP :HVHQ
GHU NDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW EHJUQGHW ,Q GHQ
YRUNDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ*HVHOOVFKDIWHQZXUGHGHU:DUHQDXVWDXVFK
HQWZHGHU YRQ XQPLWWHOEDUHP =ZDQJ YRQ GHU 7UDGLWLRQ
RGHU YRQ GHQ SHUV|QOLFKHQ %LQGXQJHQ GHU /LHEH RGHU
)UHXQGVFKDIWEHVWLPPW,P.DSLWDOLVPXVELOGHWGHU$XVWDXVFK
DXI GHP 0DUNW GHQ DOOHV EHVWLPPHQGHQ )DNWRU 2E ZLU HV
PLW GHP :DUHQPDUNW GHP $UEHLWVPDUNW RGHU GHP 0DUNW
IU 'LHQVWOHLVWXQJHQ ]X WXQ KDEHQ MHGHU WDXVFKW GDV ZDV
HU EHVLW]W JHJHQ GDV HLQ ZDV HU GHQ 0DUNWEHGLQJXQJHQ
HQWVSUHFKHQG HUZHUEHQ ZLOO XQG ]ZDU RKQH %HWUXJ RGHU
*HZDOW

'LH 0RUDO GHU )DLUQH ZLUG OHLFKW YHUZHFKVHOW PLW GHU
1RUP :DV GX QLFKW ZLOOVW GDV PDQ GLU WX GDV IJ DXFK
NHLQHPlQGHUQ]X6LHNDQQVRDXVJHOHJWZHUGHQDOVEHGHXWH
VLH6HLGIDLULQHXUHP+DQGHOPLWDQGHUHQ,Q:LUNOLFKNHLW
ZXUGHVLHMHGRFKXUVSUQJOLFKDOVHLQHPHKUSRSXOlUH9HUVLRQ
GHV ELEOLVFKHQ /LHEH GHLQHQ 1lFKVWHQ IRUPXOLHUW 8QG
WDWVlFKOLFKXQWHUVFKHLGHWVLFKGLHMGLVFKFKULVWOLFKH1RUPGHU
1lFKVWHQOLHEHY|OOLJYRQGHU0RUDOGHU)DLUQH6LHEHGHXWHW
GHQ1lFKVWHQ]XOLHEHQGDVKHLWVLFKIULKQYHUDQWZRUWOLFK
XQG PLW LKP HLQV ]X IKOHQ GLH 0RUDO GHU )DLUQH GDJHJHQ
EHGHXWHW VLFK QLFKW YHUDQWZRUWOLFK XQG HLQV ]X IKOHQ
VRQGHUQDOVJHWUHQQWDOVRGLH5HFKWHGHV1lFKVWHQ]ZDU]X
UHVSHNWLHUHQQLFKWMHGRFKLKQ]XOLHEHQ(VLVWNHLQ=XIDOOGD
GLH QHXWHVWDPHQWDULVFKH 1RUP ]X GHU SRSXOlUVWHQ UHOLJL|VHQ
0D[LPH XQVHUHU =HLW JHZRUGHQ LVW LP 6LQQH GHU 0RUDO GHU
)DLUQHDXVJHOHJWLVWVLHQlPOLFKGLHHLQ]LJHUHOLJL|VH0D[LPH
GLH MHGHU YHUVWHKW XQG GLH ]X EHIROJHQ YLHOH EHUHLW VLQG 'DV
9HUVWlQGQLV GHU /LHEH PX MHGRFK PLW GHP (UNHQQHQ GHV
8QWHUVFKLHGHV]ZLVFKHQ)DLUQHXQG/LHEHEHJLQQHQ
+LHUHUKHEWVLFKHLQHZLFKWLJH)UDJH:HQQXQVHUHJHVDPWH
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH XQG ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH 2UJDQLVDWLRQ GDUDXI
EHUXKWGDMHGHUDXIVHLQHQHLJHQHQ9RUWHLOEHGDFKWLVWZHQQ
VLH YRQ GHP 3ULQ]LS GHV (JRLVPXV EHKHUUVFKW ZLUG GHU QXU
GXUFKGLH0RUDOGHU)DLUQHLQ6FKUDQNHQJHKDOWHQZLUGZLH
NDQQ PDQ GDQQ LQQHUKDOE GHV 5DKPHQV XQVHUHU EHVWHKHQGHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIWVRUGQXQJEHUKDXSWOHEHQXQGJOHLFK]HLWLJ/LHEH
EHQ" %HGHXWHW GHQQ GDV QLFKW DOOH ZHOWOLFKHQ ,QWHUHVVHQ
DXI]XJHEHQ XQG LQ Y|OOLJHU $UPXW ]X OHEHQ" 'LHVH )UDJH
ZXUGHDXIUDGLNDOH:HLVHYRQGHQFKULVWOLFKHQ0|QFKHQZLH

DXFKYRQ0HQVFKHQZLH7ROVWRLXQG6LPRQH:HLOEHDQWZRUWHW
(V JLEW DQGHUH GLH GLH $QVLFKW YHUWUHWHQ LQQHUKDOE XQVHUHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWVHLHQ/LHEHXQGZHOWOLFKHV/HEHQJUXQGVlW]OLFK
XQYHUHLQEDU VR GD YRQ GHU /LHEH ]X UHGHQ KHXWH QXU HLQ
0LWPDFKHQ DP DOOJHPHLQHQ %HWUXJ GDUVWHOOH VLH JODXEHQ
GD QXU HLQ 0lUW\UHU RGHU HLQ 9HUUFNWHU LQ GHU :HOW YRQ
KHXWH OLHEHQ N|QQH XQG GD GDKHU GLH 'LVNXVVLRQ GHU /LHEH
QLFKWV DOV OHHUHV 3UHGLJHQ VHL 'LHVHU ]ZDU VHKU UHVSHNWDEOH
6WDQGSXQNW LVW DEHU KlXJ QXU HLQH 5DWLRQDOLVLHUXQJ GHV
HLJHQHQ =\QLVPXV XQG GHU HLJHQHQ 8QIlKLJNHLW ]XU /LHEH
'LHVHU5DGLNDOLVPXVHQGHWLPPRUDOLVFKHQ1LKLOLVPXV
,FK ELQ GHU hEHU]HXJXQJ GD GLH $QWZRUW YRQ GHU DE
VROXWHQ 8QYHUHLQEDUNHLW YRQ /LHEH XQG QRUPDOHP /HEHQ
QXU LQ HLQHP DEVWUDNWHQ 6LQQH ULFKWLJ LVW 'DV 3ULQ]LS GDV
GHU NDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW ]XJUXQGH OLHJW XQG GDV
3ULQ]LS GHU /LHEH VLQG LQ GHU 7DW XQYHUHLQEDU $EHU NRQ
NUHW EHWUDFKWHW LVW GLH PRGHUQH *HVHOOVFKDIW HLQ NRPSOH[HV
3KlQRPHQ'HU9HUNlXIHUHLQHUQXW]ORVHQ:DUH]XP%HLVSLHO
ZLUG NHLQHQ ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ (UIROJ KDEHQ ZHQQ HU QLFKW
OJW HLQ +DQGZHUNHU HLQ &KHPLNHU RGHU HLQ 3K\VLNHU
GDJHJHQ N|QQHQ DXI LKUHP *HELHW WFKWLJ VHLQ XQG GRFK
HKUOLFKH 0HQVFKHQ EOHLEHQ ,Q lKQOLFKHU:HLVH N|QQWHQ YLHOH
YHUVXFKHQ/LHEH]XEHQRKQHLKUHZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH7lWLJNHLW
DXI]XJHEHQ6HOEVWZHQQPDQDQHUNHQQWGDGDV3ULQ]LSGHV
.DSLWDOLVPXVPLWGHP3ULQ]LSGHU/LHEHXQYHUHLQEDULVWPX
PDQ]XJHVWHKHQGDGHU.DSLWDOLVPXVLQVLFKVHOEVWHLQHVR
ZLGHUVSUXFKVYROOHXQGVLFKVWlQGLJYHUlQGHUQGH6WUXNWXUKDW
GLHHLQHPQRFKHLQHJHZLVVH1LFKW.RQIRUPLWlWXQGSHUV|Q
OLFKHQ6SLHOUDXPOlW(VLVWHLQHJHIlKUOLFKH$XVUHGHGHV

UDGLNDOHQ'HQNHQVVRZRKOZLHGHV'XUFKVFKQLWWVPHQVFKHQ
VHLQHPH[LVWHQWLHOOHQ3UREOHPLPKLHUXQGMHW]WGDPLWDXV
]XZHLFKHQGDGLHJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ8PVWlQGHDOVGHUHLQ]LJ
GHWHUPLQLHUHQGH)DNWRUDQJHVHKHQZHUGHQ
'DPLWP|FKWHLFKDOOHUGLQJVQLFKWGHQ(LQGUXFNHUZHFNHQ
GD ZLU GDPLW UHFKQHQ N|QQHQ XQVHU JHJHQZlUWLJHV
*HVHOOVFKDIWVV\VWHPN|QQWHQRFKXQHQGOLFKODQJHIRUWGDXHUQ
XQG ZLU N|QQWHQ WURW]GHP HUZDUWHQ GD VLFK GDV ,GHDO GHU
1lFKVWHQOLHEH YHUZLUNOLFKH 0HQVFKHQ GLH GHU /LHEH IlKLJ
VLQG ELOGHQ LQQHUKDOE GHV JHJHQZlUWLJHQ 6\VWHPV HLQH
$XVQDKPH GLH /LHEH LVW QRWZHQGLJHUZHLVH LQ GHU KHXWLJHQ
ZHVWOLFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW HLQ VHOWHQHV 3KlQRPHQ QLFKW QXU
ZHLOYLHOH7lWLJNHLWVIRUPHQNHLQHOLHEHQGH+DOWXQJHUODXEHQ
VRQGHUQ ZHLO LQ HLQHU *HVHOOVFKDIW GHUHQ K|FKVWHV =LHO GLH
3URGXNWLRQ XQG GLH .RQVXPWLRQ LVW VLFK QXU GHU 1LFKW
.RQIRUPLVW HUIROJUHLFK ZHKUHQ NDQQ -HQH 0HQVFKHQ GLH
GLH /LHEH HUQVWKDIW DOV GLH HLQ]LJH ZDKUH $QWZRUW DXI GDV
3UREOHP GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ ([LVWHQ] DQVHKHQ PVVHQ DOVR
]X GHP 6FKOX NRPPHQ GD LQ XQVHUHU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ
6WUXNWXU ZLFKWLJH XQG UDGLNDOH 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ QRWZHQGLJ
VLQG ZHQQ GLH /LHEH ]X HLQHP JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ XQG QLFKW
QXU ]X HLQHP VHKU YHUHLQ]HOWHQ LQGLYLGXHOOHQ 3KlQRPHQ
ZHUGHQ VROO 'LH 5LFKWXQJ VROFKHU 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ NDQQ
LP 5DKPHQ GLHVHV %XFKHV QXU DQJHGHXWHW ZHUGHQ 8QVHUH
*HVHOOVFKDIWZLUGLQZDFKVHQGHP0DHYRQHLQHULQGXVWULHOOHQ
%URNUDWLH XQG YRQ %HUXIVSROLWLNHUQ JHOHLWHW 'LH 0HQVFKHQ
ZHUGHQ GXUFK 0DVVHQVXJJHVWLRQ EHHLQXW LKU =LHO LVW HV

,QPHLQHP%XFK'HUKHXWLJH0HQVFKXQGVHLQH=XNXQIW)UDQNIXUW0DLQ,
KDEHLFKYHUVXFKWPLFKPLWGLHVHP3UREOHPDXVIKUOLFK]XEHIDVVHQ

PHKU ]X SURGX]LHUHQ XQG PHKU ]X NRQVXPLHUHQ XQG ]ZDU
DOV 6HOEVW]ZHFN $OOH $NWLYLWlWHQ VLQG ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ
=LHOHQ XQWHUJHRUGQHW GLH 0LWWHO VLQG ]XP =ZHFN JHZRUGHQ
'HU 0HQVFK ZLUG ]XP 'LQJ ]XP $XWRPDW JXW JHQlKUW
JXW JHNOHLGHW DEHU RKQH ZLUNOLFKH XQG WLHIH 6RUJH XP GLH
(QWZLFNOXQJVHLQHUVSH]LVFKPHQVFKOLFKHQ(LJHQVFKDIWHQXQG
$XIJDEHQ :HQQ GHU 0HQVFK IlKLJ VHLQ VROO ]X OLHEHQ PX
VHLQH(QWIDOWXQJGDVK|FKVWH=LHOGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWVHLQ'LH
:LUWVFKDIWVPDVFKLQH PX LKP GLHQHQ XQG QLFKW XPJHNHKUW
(UPXLQGLH/DJHYHUVHW]WZHUGHQPLWDQGHUHQDP(UOHEHQ
XQG DQ GHU$UEHLW WHLO]XKDEHQ QLFKW DEHU EHVWHQIDOOV DQ
GHQ *HZLQQHQ 'LH *HVHOOVFKDIW PX VR RUJDQLVLHUW ZHUGHQ
GDGLHVR]LDOHOLHEHQGH1DWXUGHV0HQVFKHQQLFKWYRQVHLQHU
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ ([LVWHQ] JHWUHQQW VRQGHUQ PLW LKU YHUHLQW
ZLUG GD HU QLFKW YRQ VHLQHQ HLJHQHQ .UlIWHQ HQWIUHPGHW
LVW XQG VLH QXU LQ GHU$QEHWXQJ GHU QHXHQ *|W]HQ 6WDDW
3URGXNWLRQ .RQVXPWLRQ LQ YHUPLWWHOWHU )RUP HUOHEW 1XU
LQ HLQHU *HVHOOVFKDIW LQ GHU ZLH 0DU[ JHVDJW KDW GLH YROOH
PHQVFKOLFKH (QWIDOWXQJ GHV (LQ]HOQHQ GLH %HGLQJXQJ GHU
YROOHQ (QWIDOWXQJ DOOHU LVW NDQQ DXFK GLH /LHEH ]X HLQHU
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFK UHOHYDQWHQ +DOWXQJ ZHUGHQ :HQQ HV ZLH
LFKDXI]X]HLJHQYHUVXFKWHZDKULVWGDGLH/LHEHGLHHLQ]LJ
EHIULHGLJHQGH $QWZRUW DXI GDV 3UREOHP GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ
([LVWHQ]LVWGDQQPXMHGH*HVHOOVFKDIWGLHGLH(QWZLFNOXQJ
GHU/LHEHDXVVFKOLHWOHW]WHQ(QGHVDQLKUHP:LGHUVSUXFK]X
GHQJUXQGOHJHQGHQ1RWZHQGLJNHLWHQGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ1DWXU
]XJUXQGHJHKHQ:HQQPDQYRQGHU/LHEHVSULFKWSUHGLJW
PDQ QLFKW XQG ]ZDU DXV GHP HLQIDFKHQ *UXQG ZHLO PDQ

YRQ GHP WLHIVWHQ ZLUNOLFKHQ 9HUODQJHQ VSULFKW GDV LQ MHGHP
PHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQOLHJW
'D GLHVHV 9HUODQJHQ LQ GHQ +LQWHUJUXQG JHGUlQJW ZXUGH
EHGHXWHWQRFKODQJHQLFKWGDHVQLFKWH[LVWLHUW'DV:HVHQ
GHU /LHEH ]X DQDO\VLHUHQ KHLW IHVW]XVWHOOHQ GD VLH KHXWH
QXU VHOWHQ HUOHEW ZLUG HV KHLW DEHU DXFK GLH VR]LDOHQ
%HGLQJXQJHQ ]X NULWLVLHUHQ GLH GDIU YHUDQWZRUWOLFK VLQG
'HU*ODXEHDQGLH0|JOLFKNHLWGHU/LHEHDOVHLQDOOJHPHLQHV
XQGQLFKWQXUDXVQDKPVZHLVHVLQGLYLGXHOOHV3KlQRPHQLVWHLQ
UDWLRQDOHU *ODXEH GHU DXI GHU (LQVLFKW LQ GDV :HVHQ GHV
0HQVFKHQEHUXKW

Die Kunst Des Liebens PDF

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Die Kunst Des Liebens PDF

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

(ULFK)URPP

'LHVHV %XFK LVW HLQ %DQG GHU :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ GLH

,VW /LHEHQ HLQH .XQVW" 'DQQ HUIRUGHUW HV :LVVHQ XQG

1DWLRQDO|NRQRPLH XQG 3KLORVRSKLH YHU|IIHQWOLFKW LQ .DUO 0DU[ 'LH

(LQH VFK|QH 6FKLOGHUXQJ YRQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ 'LV]LSOLQ *HGXOG XQG ,QWHUHVVH

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen

Die Kunst Des Liebens PDF

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Die Kunst Des Liebens PDF

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

(ULFK)URPP

'LHVHV %XFK LVW HLQ %DQG GHU :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ GLH

,VW /LHEHQ HLQH .XQVW" 'DQQ HUIRUGHUW HV :LVVHQ XQG

1DWLRQDO|NRQRPLH XQG 3KLORVRSKLH  YHU|IIHQWOLFKW LQ .DUO 0DU[ 'LH

(LQH VFK|QH 6FKLOGHUXQJ YRQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ 'LV]LSOLQ *HGXOG XQG ,QWHUHVVH

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen

'LHVHV %XFK LVW HLQ %DQG GHU :HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ GLH

1DWLRQDO|NRQRPLH XQG 3KLORVRSKLH YHU|IIHQWOLFKW LQ .DUO 0DU[ 'LH

(LQH VFK|QH 6FKLOGHUXQJ YRQ .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ 'LV]LSOLQ *HGXOG XQG ,QWHUHVVH