UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT OF FUEL GAS

ANIMATION VIDEO

Report Assignment 3
GROUP 20
GROUP PERSONNEL:
DANNY LEONARDI
(1306403711)
MARIA ULFA
(1306370625)
RAHMATIKA ALFIA AMILIANA (1306370562)
RAUDINA
(1306370594)
RAYHAN HAFIDZ I
(1306409362)

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK
APRIL 2016

EXECUTIVE SUMARY

Animation Video of health and safely fuel gas usage has the primary
objective to promote how the use and handling of fuel gas properly and safely.
Socialization using an animated video is the one of effective way, because it can
be spread through many media, such as television and internet. Animation video is
also more easily to attract wide public attention because the socialization materials
will be delivered in audio and visual with an interesting character. The
socialization materials of procedures for the use of fuel gas properly and safely
will be presented in a simple way on this animation video, so that the general
public are more easily understand.
After through many stage of making an animation video, here we are on
production stage to manufacturing the animation video. We found concept of this
video, so the concept will be applied on this stage. The previous papers also has
discussed a little bit about production stage, but on this papers it will be discussed
deeper with its progress. For few week, we are not too concentrate about
discussion in this papers but more focus on making video process. Because
content of this papers include all of the progress.
Final specification we chosen as has been described before, we choose 2D
animation with duration and other specification 1-2 minutes with language easily
to understood like will be explain in Chapter I. Final specification determine next
step as working principle of this video and prototype of this video. Working
principle of this video is exactly watched with making process by Adobe After
Effects application. Prototype of this video like logo, name of our production
house, and some character sketch will be presented. Name of the production house
is Kresna vid. The character sketch that we have created is 3 kg LPG tube, 50 kg
LPG tube, CNG tube, and people that like shadows.
After define working principle and the prototype, needed detail of making
product like detail of scene, detail of script, what character sketch will illustrated
such as, and other detail that we need to making this video. Scene will be divided
to two part as LPG video scene and CNG video scene because usage of this video

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is two part different based on final specification product. Both of videos has two
script narration difference depending of objective and usage of the videos that
described on final specification. It also applies to detail of scene, divided by two
part as scene of LPG and CNG. So far, progress that we have represented were
character sketch, logo, and back sound. The last chapter will be explained about
Copyright

as law of copyright and registration of copyright. Copyright will

registered automatically when it was created. But for more protection, creator can
register it at office of USA or Indonesian (country where it created). For law and
penalties of all of plagiarism will be more explain on Chapter 3.

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LIST OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMARY ........................................................................................ ii

LIST OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... iv
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ v
CHAPTER I PRODUCT SPECIFICATION .......................................................... 1
1.1. Final Product Specification ...................................................................... 1
1.2. Product Working Principle ....................................................................... 1
1.2.1. Concept Stage.................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Production Stage ............................................................................... 4
1.3. Prototype of Product ................................................................................. 8
1.3.1. 3D Sketch of Product and Packaging ................................................ 8
1.3.2. Brand, Logo, and Tagline.................................................................. 9
CHAPTER II PRODUCT CONTENT DESCRIPTION ...................................... 11
2.1. Detail Scene ............................................................................................ 11
2.1.1. Detail Scene of LPG Video ............................................................. 12
2.1.2. Detail Scene of CNG Video ............................................................ 14
2.2. Detail Narration Script ........................................................................... 15
2.2.2. Health and Safety Animation Video for LPG ................................. 16
2.2.4. Health and Safety Animation Video for CNG ................................ 18
2.3. Character Sketch ..................................................................................... 19
2.3.1. The Living Objects .......................................................................... 20
2.3.2. The Inanimate Objects .................................................................... 20
CHAPTER III COPYRIGHT ................................................................................ 23
3.1. Law Of Copyright .................................................................................. 23
3.1.1. The First Sale Doctrine ................................................................... 23
3.1.2. Duration of Copyright ..................................................................... 23
3.1.3. Registration and Notification of Copyright..................................... 24
3.1.4. Public Domain................................................................................. 24
3.1.5. Penalties of Copyright Infringement ............................................... 25
3.1.6. "International" Copyright ................................................................ 26
3.2. Copyright Registration for Motion Pictures ........................................... 27
3.2.1. Publication of Motion Picture ......................................................... 27
3.2.2. Copyright Registration in Indonesia ............................................... 28
CHAPTER IV CONCLUTION ............................................................................ 29
REFERENCES...................................................................................................... 30

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1. Concept Stage ................................................................................... 2

Figure 1.2. Production Stage ............................................................................... 5
Figure 1.3. 3D Sketch of LPG Video .................................................................. 8
Figure 1.4. 3D Sketch of CNG Video ................................................................. 9
Figure 1.5. Production House Logo .................................................................... 10
Figure 2.1. Examples of several scene in The Dark Knight (2008) .................... 11
Figure 2.2. A Draft of The Human Figure Used In The Animation ................... 20
Figure 2.3. The Sketch of a Certain Scene in The Opening Section (top) and
One of The Finished Objects for That Scene (bottom) ..................... 21
Figure 2.4. An Example of A Finished Vehicle in Form of Taxi ....................... 22
Figure 2.5. An Example of Specific Objects in Form of Oxygen Molecule ....... 22

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CHAPTER I
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

1.1. Final Product Specification

To make a video publication about the health, safety and environment of
fuel gas video, we will produce 2 video which each explaining about different
types of fuel gas. There will be LPG video and CNG video which are made for the
target we have determined. LPG videos target is for the housewives and for CNG
video the target is the driver, crew and passanger of vehicle that use CNG as their
transportation fuel. Both video will be made in 2D flat animation type, which is
possible to make due to the time limitation and producer understanding and will
be more attractive than a normal non-animated video. The duration will be less
than 3 minutes for both videos and using proper Indonesian as the language. The
content of the video will be about the introduction to the gas fuel, common
mistakes, how to use and how to prevent accidents to happen. Several information
will also added and filtered to the video to meet viewers need.

1.2. Product Working Principle

To make a video that will meets viewers need and understanding, we must
create a plan to make it easier for preparation and production. This plan can be
done by creating a flowchart containing each and every step we need to do and
accomplish in the future. These steps must be done accordingly and cannot be
skipped, to ensure that everything goes effectively and efficiently. Mainly, the
plan can be divided into 2 steps, which are the Concept Stage and the
Production Stage. The concept stage must be done thoroughly before doing the
production stage, in order to minimize the case where new concept suddenly
appears and interchange with the already existing concept, and thus interfering
with the production stage which will lower the time efficiency. Each of the stages
will be explained below along with the steps on how to do it.

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1.2.1. Concept Stage

In this stage, we will discuss about any ideas that need to be constructed
and expanded, so that it can finally be shown in the animation video. The
purpose of this stage is to direct our efforts in the production stage towards a
predetermined goal, making it more focused. Thus, any unnecessary effort and
trial can be minimized and we can manage the time given in a more efficient
way. It can be said that the concept stage will form the backbone of the
animation video itself. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly decide all
concepts and ideas in this stage, so that sudden change of one or more
concepts wont happen in the production stage. The concept stage can be
divided further into some steps, which is shown in the Figure 1.1 below.

Figure 1.1. Concept Stages

1.2.1.1. Observation of the Publics Needs
In this step, we will discuss about the publics needs which can be
fulfilled by the production of our animation video. This step has been

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determined from the start, by which we found out that the publics needs is
to know that fuel gas are actually safe to use as long as they pay attention
to the safety aspects of fuel gas. Recently, a fraction of Indonesian people
are still reluctant to use fuel gas for their everyday chores because of what
the news say about accidents regarding fuel gas explosion. Therefore, our
goal is to give the proper knowledge about safety aspects regarding fuel
gass usage to the public, hoping that they can rely on fuel gas more and
change their fuel from gasoline to fuel gas. Starting from this goal, we can
discuss further about the fundamentals of our animation video content.

1.2.1.2. Literature and Reference Search

After determining out goal, we can broaden our knowledge further
while focusing to the primary goal. We achieve this point by searching for
any relevant information as many as possible. In this case, the information
that might be relevant to the content of our animation video creation
consists of basic knowledge about combustion, basic physical & chemical
properties about fuel gas and their relevance to combustion reaction,
standard safety & hazard regulation regarding fuel gas usage.

1.2.1.3. Concept Building and Information Filtering

In this step, we will filter all of the information which had been
gathered, and match them accordingly with our original goal definition.
We will use only the information which has the most relevancies with our
predetermined goal. In our case, the original goal of our animation video
project is to publicize the safety aspects regarding fuel gas usage in
everyday lives. Therefore, when we are considering the large variety of
Indonesian people in terms of intelligence and understanding, it is not
quite relevant for us to give information that is too scientific to the
public (e.g. the combustion reaction details, detailed physical information
regarding the fuel gas, etc.). But instead, we decided to give more practical
information which the public can implement to their daily lives directly,
such as the installation of ventilation in the kitchen to ensure the escape of

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gases in case of gas leak from LPG unit, things that should be done to
ensure safety when using the LPG (e.g. not installing the unit while
smoking, not placing the LPG unit near the stove, etc.). This way, we can
utilize our time better in explaining the essential information in our
animation video and public can understand things that they should and
shouldnt do when dealing with fuel gas.

1.2.1.4. Basic Animation Concepts Determination

Finally, after filtering the information which had been obtained, we
can proceed to discuss and decide the main points of which we will need
to focus at, especially when continuing to the production stage. These
points will consist of constrictions and limitations which will give us a go
or no-go criteria in the animation creation.

1.2.2. Production Stage

In this stage, we will discuss about more technical matters regarding the
animation creation as well as the creation process itself. For this animation
video, we decided to create a modified flowchart which is based of the
Japanese animation creation flowchart in creating animation video. The reason
of this modification is because of the limited manpower, the short duration,
and the type of animation which has been decided to introduce simpledesigned characters. Based on the references that we obtained regarding the
animation creation, we decide our modified production plan which is shown
on the flowchart below.

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Figure 1.2. Production Stages

1.2.2.1. Determining Software

For the first step, we decide which software we will use to create the
animation project. This step is very important, because we will need to
learn quickly about the software which we will be using soon. The criteria
which we decided in determining the software is the ability to create
animated projects as well as good video rendering features. An easy-tounderstand interface will also be a good thing to demand.
For this animation project, we have decided to use Adobe After
Effects CS5 as the basic software for our animation video project. Adobe
After Effects CS5 is one of the multimedia software created by Adobe
Corporation which has the purpose to assist its users in creating
compositions and editing short movie projects. Actually, Adobe has
developed another application which can serve similar purposes, which is
named Adobe Flash Professional CS5. But we decided to use Adobe After

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Effects because the original purpose of Adobe Flash Professional is to

assist in creating an interactive project which can be opened in a PC. This
point is different from what we want in our goal, which is to provide an
animation video for the public to watch. So, the creation of an interactive
project is a little bit irrelevant. Therefore, is it decided that we will use
Adobe After Effects CS5 for our project. Other software such as Adobe
Photoshop or Manga Studio may be used to assist in drawing the objects
needed for the animation video.

1.2.2.2. Scenario Writing and Storyboard Creation

In this step, we will write a detailed scenario about the animation
content which we will create later. This step will also give specific details
about the characters appearing in the animation as well as their physical
features and roles. We must also keep our eyes to the original goal, so that
no characters are being created in vain. Because our target consists of
Indonesian people in general, the characters must be made simple and not
over-detailed, while still being able to catch the publics eyes. After the
characters, we will create the scene in which the characters play each of
their parts in the animation. This part must be thought carefully, so that in
the animation, all of the information intended to be exposed can be caught
by the public eye clearly with least miscommunication. This part will also
decide how many scenes need to be created in the animation. The other
important factor to consider is the total time of the animation itself. The
total time must not be too long so that people wont get bored when they
are watching the animation. But the time must be long enough to make
sure that all the information can be explained thoroughly to all the viewers.
For this animation video, we have decided to set a narrator as the
leading character. The purpose of this setting is to guide the viewers
throughout the animation easier. This way, we can save time explaining all
the contents of the animation rather than making an on-screen character
guide the viewers throughout a setting, which can take up more time while
not explaining enough information. Then, we will use some on-screen

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characters in form of inanimate object personification and humans with

little detail, in order to give the viewers eyes less burden when watching
the animation.

1.2.2.3. Layout Design

In this step, we will construct the main layout for each scenes and
cuts. A layout consists of the background and the characters playing in it.
From this layout, we can proceed into key animation step for the
characters as well as line construction for the narrator. Because our
animation is in form of flat animation, the background design consists of
flat colors only. For some scenes, the background can contain some static
objects such as buildings, roads, or factories. The other factor which must
be considered is the transition between cuts, which must be created in a
simple but attractive way. Because this is a flat animation, the scenes
usually only take up short time, so many layouts must be made for each
scene.

1.2.2.4. Main Dubbing and Timing

In this step, we will do a dubbing session for the narrator in order to
get a good grasp of timing when creating the key animation. The lines for
the narrator must already be finished by the time the dubbing session
commences. We will assign one person with a good voice, and record
his/her voice when reading the lines which has been prepared. After that,
we will do the detailed timing according to the narrators voice.

1.2.2.5. Key Animation Creation and Compositing

In this step, we will create the frame-to-frame animation of the
characters for each scene and cuts. This step can be assisted with the
software we chose earlier, so that we might not need to draw every frame
ourselves. After the key animation and the background have been finished,
the next step is to unite them all in one place, and see them animated. We
can also add effects in order to add more detail to the scenes.

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1.2.2.6. Post-Production
The post-production step consists of some sub steps which includes
applying background music and video rendering. Final touches of editing
can also be done in this step.

1.3. Prototype of Product

The prototype of product consist of two category. First are the 3D sketch
and the packaging of our product. Second are our brand, our logo, and our tagline.

1.3.1. 3D Sketch of Product and Packaging

Since our product is an animation video that will be published only in
digital form, we distribute it by making it in the Compact Disc form and also
file only. As for the CD form, it will consist of the plastic transparent covers
which is the front cover and back cover. The cover that we chose is the
combination of various characters that are featured in our product videos. The
main topic of the video, which is the fuel gas type, will be put as the main
object in the front cover, alongside with the other characters. The disc itself
will also labelled with the exact picture, having the same result as the front
cover.

Figure 1.3. 3D Sketch of LPG Video

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Figure 1.4. 3D Sketch of CNG Video

1.3.2. Brand, Logo, and Tagline

Logo is one of the most important things when it comes to product
making. It is products identity and a thing that people remembered from a
product. Great and easy-to-remembered logo will make the product lasts long.
Our Health, Safety and Environment of Fuel Gas Animation Video will
be produced from a production house called Kresna vid. Kresna, came from
one of Hindus God that means wise, as we want our decisions to be when we
are working on a video. And the vid came from the word Video. We want
our production house to be a production house that remember its root, which is
Indonesian. Different than most of production houses that use modern term.
And because we want emphasize that fact that this is Indonesian production,
we chose to put a batik pattern in the logo. The four little boxes represents the
pixels, such as in a movie. And the line represents camera legs. We choose
blue as our main color because it is calming and match with lots of color,
since it is also our job to make a good color combination for our product
videos.

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Figure 1.5. Production House Logo

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CHAPTER II
PRODUCT CONTENT DESCRIPTION

2.1. Detail Scene

One of the beginning steps to make a video or movie is construct the scene,
from the concept and the detailed in every scene and cut. We can see the example
of the scene in the figure 2.1. As we know, we make two videos, the health and
safety animation video for LPG, and the other is for CNG. After we construct the
detailed scene, these two videos have a same number of scenes. The detailed
scene is contented about:
1. Opening
2. Accident
3. The cause of accident
4. HSE aspect (prevention and countermeasures)
5. Closing message

Figure 2.1. Examples of several scene in The Dark Knight (2008)

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2.1.1. Detail Scene of LPG Video

Scene 1: Opening
Cut 1:
At the very beginning of the video, the narrator open the video by
ask directly to the audiences about LPG, with the questions:
Tahukah Anda tentang LPG?
Cut 2:
Narrator explains about the type of LPG in Indonesia that trade by
Pertamina, which are 50 kg, 12 kg and 3 kg LPG, with animation
characters of them.
Scene 2: LPG accident
Cut 1:
In the beginning of scene 2, narrator asks the audiences again about
the accident of LPG. Then, we showed many pictures of LPG accident.
Cut 2:
We tell the audiences that the government has release many
regulations to regulate the LPG, with pictures of covers of government
regulations.
Cut 3:
We showed the statistic of LPG accident. After that, narrator asks the
audiences about how the accident occurs.
Scene 3: The cause of LPG accident
Cut 1:
First we explain about triangle fire, which are oxygen, fire trigger,
and fuel. These components of the triangle can cause the fire if they come
together in same time. Narrator tells audiences to pay attention to them.
Cut 2:
Narrator explains the cause of the LPG accident that happened
because of the bad habits of the peoples because of the lack of attention
when using the LPG. We also showed the pictures of the example of the
bad habits. The examples of the error when installed the tank are installed
the LPG while burn the cigarettes, repeatedly turn on the stove when the

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fire does not appear, and not checked the component of LPG that maybe
not licensed in SNI and not have a good conditions to use.
Scene 4: HSE aspect of LPG (prevention and countermeasures)
Cut 1:
The narrator invites the audience to see how the use of LPG correct,
with the pictures of peoples and LPG that meets in the road because of the
LPG truck in road is dropped one of their LPG tank.
Cut 2:
In this cut, we explain all of the efforts to prevent the LPG accidents.
1. Consider the tube is well-sealed, also the tube must be in a good
condition, and all of its components have SNI logo
2. Tighten the clamp and regulator on the stove
3. Remove the plastic seal, check the rubber ring/seal and the awl has
installed properly
4. Plug and tighten the regulator to the tube, turn the knob clockwise
(90) and tighten it.
5. Make sure the hose is not kinked or crushed, and make sure the gas
cylinder is attached properly
6. To prevent accidents, placed gas tube near the vents. It will be better if
the vent is parallel to the bottom of the room, because the gas of LPG
is heavier than air.
7. If the gas stove had been turned on and is not lit, please alert the LPG
gas can come out, accumulate in the room, and can lead to accidents. If
the burning stones in stove are worn, use the matches.
Cut 3:
We explain the countermeasures of the LPG accident here. We show
the LPG is contain the mercaptan to make sure the gas can smelled when
leaked. We also ask the peoples when the gas is leaked, they must release
the regulator, move the LPG to the outdoor as fast as possible, and not
ignite fire in any form and turn off the electrical grid, all of these are
explained by the pictures that show the examples.

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Scene 5: Closing message

Cut 1:
We show the message to the audiences that they should not afraid
when use the LPG, because if we install and use the LPG correctly, we
will be fine. We show the message with the pictures of LPG characters.

2.1.2. Detail Scene of CNG Video

Scene 1: Opening
Cut 1:
At the very beginning of the video, the narrator open the video by
ask directly to the audiences about CNG, with the questions:
Tahukah Anda tentang CNG?
Cut 2:
Narrator explains about the type of CNG in Indonesia, which are the
CNG for transportation and pipeline gas with animation characters of them
(CNG tank, the transportation modes like taxi and Trans Jakarta bus, and
pipeline)
Scene 2: CNG accident
Cut 1:
In the beginning of scene 2, narrator asks the audiences again about
the accident of CNG. Then, we showed pictures of CNG accident, with the
focus to the Trans Jakarta fire accident.
Scene 3: The cause of CNG accident
Cut 1:
First we explain about triangle fire, which are oxygen, fire trigger,
and fuel. These components of the triangle can cause the fire if they come
together in same time. Narrator tells audiences to pay attention to them.
Cut 2:
We explain that if fire occurs due to gas will be an explosion, and the
Trans Jakarta bus fire accidents are not caused by gas, in this case is CNG.
The Trans Jakarta bus fire accidents occur because of the engine

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components that damage. We explain with the pictures of explosion

examples and the Trans Jakarta components.
Scene 4: HSE aspect of LPG (prevention and countermeasures)
Cut 1:
The narrator invites the audience to see how to prevent the accident
when using CNG, with the pictures of CNG tank animation characters.
Cut 2:
In this cut, we explain all of the efforts to prevent the CNG accidents,
The point is focus to the prevention. The peoples must checked the license
of CNG tank, maintenance the CNG tank regularly, and make sure that the
CNG tank installed correctly inside the car, in other words the CNG tank
is away from engine components that can become hot rapidly and prone to
triggering a fire. We explain with complete pictures of the entire step.
Scene 5: Closing message
Cut 1:
We show the message to the audiences that they should not afraid
when use the CNG, because if we use the CNG correctly, we will be fine.
We show the message with the pictures of CNG characters.

2.2. Detail Narration Script

The detailed script is one of the important things in any video of movie,
because with the script, we can arrange the plot of the movie with our concept and
content that have construct before. Especially for our video that have a concept an
2D animation video that the plot, characters and the story are directed by the
narrator, the script is mean everything to our video. Our scripts are written in
Indonesia with a proper language, also we made the language will be easy to
understood, because our main target is peoples of Indonesia that use LPG every
day and the drivers of transportation, in the intention to explain the CNG. The
scripts of LPG and CNG video will be displayed in this subchapter.

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2.2.1. Health and Safety Animation Video for LPG

Scene 1
Cut 1:
Tahukah Anda | tentang LPG?
Cut 2:
LPG sering kita gunakan untuk bahan bakar kompor gas | di dapur | di
restoran | di hotel | bahkan pada pedagang kaki lima.
Scene 2
Cut 1:
Tapi | seringkah Anda | mendengar kecelakaan-kecelakaan | dalam
menggunakan bahan bakar gas?
Cut 2:
Sebenarnya | pemerintah telah mengeluarkan banyak peraturan | tentang
penggunaan | dan distribusi bahan bakar gas | di Indonesia
Cut 3:
Namun | tingkat kecelakaan | yang diakibatkan oleh | bahan bakar gas |
justru semakin meningkat | Mengapa ya?
Scene 3
Cut 1:
Pertama-tama | Anda harus kenalan dulu nih | sama segitiga api
Api hanya akan muncul | jika terdapat 3 komponen berikut | yaitu |
oksigen | panas | dan bahan bakar
Jadi | pastikan Anda memperhatikan | ketiga hal tersebut
Cut 2:
Faktanya

banyak

kecelakaan

terjadi

karena

kesalahan

penggunaannya
Seperti kelalaian dalam mengganti tabung gas | serta kurang
memperhatikan | kondisi komponen-komponen penyusunnya
Scene 4
Cut 1:
Nah | setelah kita tahu penyebab kecelakaan bahan bakar | yuk belajar
bagaimana menggunakannya dengan benar

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Cut 2:
Pertama-tama | pada saat membeli | perhatikan kondisi tabung masih
bagus, | tersegel dengan baik | serta tabung dan komponen-komponennya
telah belogo SNI
Kencangkan klem pada kompor dan regulator di kedua ujung selang
Lepaskan segel plastik dan cek cincin karet pengaman jika sudah
terpasang | jika belum | pasangkan cincin karet pengaman dan pastikan
terpasang dengan baik
Lalu | pasang regulator ke mulut tabung | putar knop searah jarum jam
sebesar 90 derajat | dan kencangkan
Pastikan selang tidak tertindih atau tertekuk | dan tabung gas sudah
terpasang dengan benar
Namun untuk mencegah terjadinya hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan |
letakkan tabung di dekat ventilasi udara | lebih baik lagi jika ventilasi
berada sejajar dengan tabung
Jika api belum muncul saat menyalakan kompor | jangan mencoba
menyalakan kompor terus-menerus | karena gas akan terakumulasi di
ruangan dan dapat menyebabkan kebakaran
Cut 3:
Lalu bagaimana jika terjadi kecelakaan?
LPG sudah di desain berbau agar kebocoran lebih mudah terdeteksi
Jika Anda mencium bau gas LPG | segera lepaskan regulator dari
tabung | dan bawa tabung LPG ke ruang terbuka secepat mungkin
Jangan memantik api | dalam bentuk apapun | dan matikan jaringan
listrik
Scene 5
Cut 1:
Jadi jangan takut untuk menggunakan LPG | LPG tidak berbahaya bila
kita tau cara menggunakannya dengan baik dan benar

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2.2.2. Health and Safety Animation Video for CNG

Scene 1
Cut 1:
Tahukah Anda | tentang CNG?
Cut 2:
CNG adalah | bahan bakar gas | yang biasa kita temukan pada
transportasi umum | berlabel BBG
Cut 3:
Selain itu | CNG juga bisa digunakan | pada | jaringan pipa gas di
rumah susun | dan | perumahan
Scene 2
Cut 1:
Tapi

kita

masih

sering

mendengar

kasus

kecelakaan

dalam

menggunakan bahan bakar gas CNG. Apa penyebabnya?

Scene 3
Cut 1:
Pertama-tama | Anda harus kenalan dulu nih | sama segitiga api
Api hanya akan muncul | jika terdapat 3 komponen berikut | yaitu |
oksigen | panas | dan bahan bakar
Jadi | pastikan Anda memperhatikan | ketiga hal tersebut
Cut 2:
Bagaimana dengan kasus kecelakaan pada transjakarta?
Kebakaran transjakarta | sebenarnya tidak diakibatkan oleh bahan
bakarnya | karena | bila disebabkan oleh bahan bakar gas | maka akan
terjadi ledakan
Sebenarnya | kebakaran transjakarta disebabkan oleh | konsleting listrik
AC | gesekan pada rem dan ban | serta kerusakan komponen mesin
Scene 4
Cut 1:
Nah | setelah kita tahu penyebab kecelakaan bahan bakar CNG | yuk
belajar bagaimana menggunakannya dengan benar

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19

Cut 2:
Pertama-tama, perhatikan tanggal produksi, lisensi, dan massa pakai
pada tabung CNG
Lakukan pemeliharaan tabung CNG dan komponennya secara berkala
Selanjutnya, pastikan penempatan tabung CNG berada jauh dari
komponen mesin yang mudah panas
Scene 5
Cut 1:
Sudah tahu kan kalau CNG itu aman? Jadi jangan takut untuk
menggunakannya

2.3. Character Sketch

In the creation of the animation video, we must create some rough sketches
in order to transform all the scripts we have created into series of pictures. Based
on what is in the script, we feel the need to divide the sketches into two types,
which are the recurring character and the inanimate objects. The reason for this
kind of division is because of the nature of our animation which makes use both
living objects (either in form of personification or simplified humans) and
inanimate objects (consists of cars, buildings, etc.).
In general creation of an animation video, people usually puts a lot of
attention and effort into designing the living objects more than the inanimate
objects because the level of detail and the fact that it is moving and living simply
adds up a factor of complication into it (facial expression, gestures, etc.). But this
kind of factor only appears when we are designing a detailed human figure,
whereas in our animation, all of the living objects are in a far more simplified
version, so designing the living objects and the inanimate objects would spend up
fairly equal amount of attention.
The second reason for this is that in some scenes, there are some inanimate
objects being put into the screen which requires a considerable amount of detail
(e.g. when demonstrating the installation an LPG regulator properly to the
viewers). In this kind of scene, the inanimate objects must be created in such a

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way that it resembles the same object in real life, so that the demonstration doesnt
confuse the viewers in any way.

2.3.1. The Living Objects

The living objects in this animation consist of either truly living objects
or inanimate objects which possess certain traits (e.g. eyes) which make those
objects seemingly living. As for this case, the humans will certainly be
animated as living objects. But there are additions such as the LPG and CNG
vessel which we will give some living traits, such as having eyes and arms.
For the human, it has been decided to use only human silhouette and not
having any special traits other than that. Its purpose is to focus the attention of
the watchers further to the LPG tanks. Shown below is the example of a draft
of the human figure which we will use during the animation creation.

Figure 2.2. A Draft of The Human Figure Used In The Animation

2.3.2. The Inanimate Objects
The inanimate objects consist of objects which dont have any additional
animation intended to make it live. Instead, the objects are just being
animated in a basic way (translation, scale, etc.). Here is an example of a
sketch of an inanimate object and its finished form.

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Figure 2.3. The Sketch of a Certain Scene in The Opening Section (top) and
One of The Finished Objects for That Scene (bottom)
The inanimate pictures such as shown above will appear in the animation
in order to explain the narration visually. In other words, we want the viewers
to understand more about the message we are about to tell (which is told
mainly via narration) by showing it visually. It is always important in
animation to keep the balance between the auditory factor and the visual
factor. One must not be too heavier than another if we want good information
balance and less information bias when communicating through the animation.
Other than the inanimate object shown above, we will show some other
inanimate objects, which we group into some categories:
Vehicles. The vehicles consist of common transport vehicles which people
use or see frequently, such as Transjakarta, bajaj, or taxi. These vehicles
are the example of vehicles which use CNG fuel gas.

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Figure 2.4. An Example of A Finished Vehicle in Form of Taxi

Buildings and utilities. The buildings can vary from factories, houses, and
even restaurants. These buildings will be shown as places where the fuel
gases are being used frequently. The kitchen and its equipment (stove,
etc.) can be put into this category too, because it is the utility that the
viewer frequently uses.
Specific objects. The objects in this category are used to explain specific
terms in order to simplify it in analogical form. One of the examples is
Oxygen. We cant draw the oxygen in form of real gas, because it would
confuse the viewers. So we decided to use the molecule of Oxygen, which
is O2. The other example is to explain ignition trigger in form of two
stones hitting each other and produce sparks. In this way, the viewer can
understand the term in a simplified, yet practical way.

Figure 2.5. An Example of Specific Objects in Form of Oxygen Molecule

Fuel gas tank equipment, such as the regulator and the hose. We show
these objects frequently when we are going to demonstrate some tutorials
about LPG tank installation via animation. The design for these objects
must be made close to reality in order to avoid any misconception
regarding the equipment.

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CHAPTER III
COPYRIGHT

3.1. Law Of Copyright

Copyright protection exists from the moment a work is created in a fixed,
tangible form of expression. The copyright immediately becomes the property of
the author who created the work. Only the author, or those deriving their rights
through the author, can rightfully claim copyright. In the case of works made for
hire, the employernot the writeris considered the author.

3.1.1. The First Sale Doctrine

The physical ownership of an item such as a book, painting, manuscript
or CD is not the same as owning the copyright to the work embodied in that
item. Under the First Sale Doctrine (Section 109 of the Copyright Act),
ownership of a physical copy of a copyright-protected work permits lending,
reselling, disposing, etc., of the item. However, it does not permit reproducing
the material, publicly displaying or performing it, or engaging in any of the
acts reserved for the copyright holder. Why? Because the transfer of the
physical copy does not transfer the copyright holder's rights to the work. Even
including an attribution on a copied work (for example, putting the author's
name on it) does not eliminate the need to obtain the copyright holder's
consent. To use copyrighted materials lawfully, you must secure permission
from the applicable copyright holders or a copyright licensing agent.

3.1.2. Duration of Copyright

The term of copyright protection depends upon the date of creation. A
work created on or after January 1, 1978, is ordinarily protected by copyright
from the moment of its creation until 70 years after the author's death. For
works made for hire, anonymous works and pseudonymous works (unless the
author's identity is revealed in Copyright Office records), the duration of
copyright is 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation, whichever

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is shorter. For works created, published or registered before January 1, 1978,

or for more detailed information, you may wish to refer to the public
domain section of this guide or request Circular 15 ( "Renewal of Copyright"),
Circular 15a ("Duration of Copyright") and Circular 15t ("Extension of
Copyright

Terms")

from

the

U.S.

Copyright

Office

Web

site, www.copyright.gov.

3.1.3. Registration and Notification of Copyright

The way in which copyright protection is secured is frequently
misunderstood. Copyright is secured automatically when the work is created
and fixed in a tangible form, such as the first time it is written or recorded. No
other action is required to secure copyright protection neither publication,
registration nor other action in the Copyright Office (although registration is
recommended).
The use of a copyright notice is no longer required under U.S. law,
although it is recommended. This requirement was eliminated when the
United States adhered to the Berne Convention effective March 1, 1989. If a
copyright holder wants to use a copyright notice, he or she may do so freely
without permission from or registration with the U.S. Copyright Office. In
fact, the use of a copyright notice is recommended because it reminds the
public that the work is protected by copyright.
A copyright notice should contain all the following three elements:
1. The symbol (the letter C in a circle), the word "Copyright" or the
abbreviation "Copr."
2. The year when the work was first created.
3. The name of the owner of the copyright.
Example: 2005 John Doe

3.1.4. Public Domain

The public domain comprises all works that are either no longer
protected by copyright or never were. It should not be confused with the mere

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fact that a work is publicly available (such as information in books or

periodicals, or content on the Internet).
Essentially, all works first published in the United States before 1923 are
considered to be in the public domain in the United States. The public domain
also extends to works published between 1923 and 1963 on which copyright
registrations were not renewed.
All materials created since 1989, except those created by the U.S. federal
government, are presumptively protected by copyright. As a result, the
chances are high that the materials of greatest interest to students and faculty
are not in the public domain. In addition, you must also consider other forms
of legal protection such as trademark or patent protection before reusing thirdparty content.
Public domain materials generally fall into one of four categories:
1. Generic information such as facts, numbers and ideas.
2. Works whose copyrights have lapsed over time or whose copyright
holders have failed to renew a registration (a requirement that applies to
works created before 1978).
3. Works published before March 1989 that failed to include a proper
notice of copyright.
4. Works created by the U.S. federal government.
In rare instances, works may also be "dedicated" (i.e., donated) to the public
domain.

3.1.5. Penalties of Copyright Infringement

By reproducing, republishing or redistributing the work of a copyright
holder without permission, you may be violating or infringing on his or her
rights under the Copyright Act. If the copyright holder has registered the work
with the U.S. Copyright Office prior to the infringement, the copyright holder
may sue for compensation. Court-ordered compensation may include damages
such as lost profits from the infringing activity or statutory damages ranging
from $250 to $150,000, plus attorneys' fees, for each infringing copy. Even

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higher damages may be awarded if the court feels that the infringement was
committed "willfully."
You may also be criminally liable if you willfully copy a work for profit
or financial gain, or if the copied work has a value of more than $1,000. In
these cases, penalties can include a one-year jail sentence plus fines. If the
value is more than $2,500, you may be sentenced to five years in jail plus
fines. Criminal penalties generally apply to large-scale commercial piracy.

3.1.6. "International" Copyright

There is no such thing as an "international" copyright that automatically
protects a work throughout the world. However, the most widely-adopted
copyright treaty, the Berne Convention, states that once a work is protected in
one of the Convention member countries, it is protected by copyright in all of
them. As of mid-2004, 156 countries, including the U.S., belong to the Berne
Convention.
The Berne Convention further states that the scope and limitations of any
copyright are based upon the laws of the country where the misuse of the
copyright-protected work takes place (rather than the country where the work
originated). For example, if you photocopy an article in the U.S., then U.S.
copyright law applies to determine whether that copy was lawful. Similarly, if
you digitize an image in the UK, the copyright laws of the UK apply to
determine whether that digitized use is lawful.
There are grey areas, however, when it comes to the online usage of
copyright-protected content. For example, if an article is uploaded in the U.S.
and then viewed on a Web site in Australia, where is the "copying" taking
place and is more than one "copy" being made? Courts in the U.S. and
around the world have yet to provide definitive answers as to what country's
laws should be used to determine online copyright infringement in this case.
To avoid a potential legal challenge from the copyright holder, many
institutions follow a policy of "when in doubt, obtain permission" in these
situations.

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3.2. Copyright Registration for Motion Pictures

The purpose of copyright registration is to place on record a verifiable
account of the date and content of the work in question, so that in the event of a
legal claim, or case of infringement or plagiarism, the copyright owner can
produce a copy of the work from an official government source.
Motion pictures are audio visual works consisting of a series of related
images that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion, together
with any accompanying sounds. Motion pictures are typically embodied in film,
videotape, or videodisk.
Copyright in a motion picture is automatically secured when the work is
created and fixed in a copy. Only the expression fixed in a motion picture
(camera work, dialogue, sounds, and so on) is protected under copyright.
Copyright does not cover the idea or concept behind a work or any characters
portrayed in it. Live telecasts that are not fixed in copies and screenplays or
treatments of future motion pictures do not constitute fixations of motion pictures.

3.2.1. Publication of Motion Picture

Publication of a motion picture takes place when one or more copies are
distributed to the public by sale, rental, lease, or lending or when an offering is
made to distribute copies to a group (wholesalers, retailers, broadcasters,
motion picture distributors, and the like) for purposes of further distribution or
public performance. Offering to distribute a copy of a motion picture for
exhibition during a film festival may be considered publication of that work.
For an offering to constitute publication, copies must be made and be
ready for distribution. The performance itself of a motion picture (for
example, showing it in a theater, on television, or in a school room) does not
constitute publication.
When a motion picture is published, all the components embodied in it
are also considered to be published, including the music, the script, and the
sounds. Thus, if a motion picture made from a screenplay is published, the
screenplay is published to the extent it is contained in the published work.

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3.2.2. Copyright Registration in Indonesia

By having your creation copyright or youre a beneficiary of such
copyright, then youre entitled to announce or multiple that creation or to grant
right to exercise the aforementioned. However, not like the other Intellectual
Property Right such as Patent, in Indonesia, the entitlement for that
Copyright generally apply for a life of the creator plus 50 years, or 50 years
from the first announcement or publication or creation (except for
broadcasting production which is 20 years from its first broadcasted).
Registration can be submitted directly to the Office of Intellectual
Property Rights Directorate General - estimated fee of IDR 150,000 (USD 15)
will apply (not included "additional costs"). Then you have to provide:

Sample of creation or substitute;

Proof of citizenship such as ID Card (KTP) or Passport of applicant or

his/her Proxy:

Copy of Tax Registration Certificate (NPWP);

Specific Power of Attorney (if you appointing an Attorney);

Statement of Ownership affixed with Stamp Duty of IDR 6000;

3 copies of Identification Card (KTP);

Letter of Transfer of Right (if any);

Certified copy of establishment deed of a legal entity or a- public notarylegalized copy (if the applicant is a legal entity);
The copyright over such creation should be protected when it was first

created, and not when it was registered. However to avoid any future claim or
dispute, its always best that you register your copyright. The court trial will
involve lots of procedure including evidencing. If someone steal your design,
a copyright registration certificate could be presented as evidence in proving
your right. If you dont have enough evidence to proof that youre the first
creator of such creation, then youre most likely going to lose the trial,
especially if you dont have enough "budget" and your opponent is wealthy.

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CHAPTER IV
CONCLUTION

There will be 2 videos, LPG video and CNG video. Both video will be made
in 2D flat animation type and the duration will be less than 3 minutes for both
videos, using proper Indonesian as the language. There is a plan to produce these
videos and the plan can be divided into 2 steps, which are the Concept Stage
and the Production Stage. The concept stage discuss about any ideas that need
to be constructed and expanded, so that it can finally be shown in the animation
video. The production stage discuss about more technical matters regarding the
animation creation as well as the creation process itself. The HSE of Fuel Gas
Animation Video will be produced from a production house called Kresna vid.
One of the beginning steps to make a video or movie is construct the scene,
from the concept and the detailed in every scene and cut. The detailed scene is
contented about opening, accident, the cause of accident, HSE aspect (prevention
and countermeasures), and the closing message for both videos. There is the
detailed script for both videos too for each scene and each cut. The detailed script
is one of the important things in any video of movie, especially for our video that
the plot, characters and the story are directed by the narrator. There be two types
of character in this video that will be sketch based on the script, the living objects
and the inanimate object. Some rough sketches must be created in order to
transform all the scripts into series of pictures.
After we made the video, we must protect our product with copyright.
Copyright protection exists from the moment a work is created in a fixed, tangible
form of expression. There are some law of copyright that must be concern, like
the first sale, the duration, registration and notification, public domain, penalties,
and the international copyright. In Indonesia, the entitlement for that Copyright
generally apply for a life of the creator plus 50 years, or 50 years from the first
announcement or publication or creation. Registration can be submitted directly to
the Office of Intellectual Property Rights Directorate General.

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REFERENCES

Copyright Clearance Center. 2005. What is Copyright Law. [Online]:

https://www.copyright.com/Services/copyrightoncampus/basics/law.html.
Accessed April 17th 2016.
Paten Indoensia. 2016. Apa Hak Cipta Itu?. [Online]:
http://www.patenindonesia.co.id/en/copyright/. Accessed April 17th 2016.
Roberts Steve. 2012. Character Animation Fundamental: Developing Skills for
2D and 3D Character Animation. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis.
United States Copyright Office. 2014. Copyright Registration for Motorio
Pictures, Including Video Recordings. [Online]:
http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ45.pdf. Accessed April 17th 2016.

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