List of Thermal Conductivities

List of thermal conductivities - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_thermal_conductivities
List of thermal conductivities

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In heat transfer, the thermal conductivity of a substance, k, is an intensive property that indicates its ability to conduct heat.
Thermal conductivity is often measured with laser flash analysis. Alternative measurements are also established.
Mixtures may have variable thermal conductivities due to composition.
Note that this table shows thermal conductivity in units of watts per meter per Kelvin (Wm1K1). This is the current metric unit of
measurement. Prior to this, however, thermal conductivity was measured in terms of BTUs per foot per hour per degree Fahrenheit. A
value for the former can be computed from the latter by multiplying by 1.728.[1]
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Material
Acrylic Glass (Plexiglas
V045i)
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Alcohols OR Oils
0.1[6][7]-0.110[10]0.21[6][7]-0.212[10]
Aluminium, pure
204.3[11]-205[4]220 -237[7][13][14]
[15]
-250[6]
214.6[11]
249.3[11]
[12]
Aluminium nitride
Aluminium oxide, pure
296[2]
Electrical
conductivity @
293 K
[1m1]
Notes
7.143E-15[2] 5.0E-14[2]
273[4][5]-293[7]298[6]
hiAerosols2.95[9]- (78.03%N2,21%O 2,+0.93%Ar,+0.04%CO2)
[8]
(1 atm)
300 loAerosols7.83[9]1015
[8]
600
293[7]-298[6]300[10]
293[7][11]-298[6]
[14][15]
[11]
366
478[11]
37,450,000[14] 37,740,000[16]
170[13]-175[17]190[17]
293[17]
1 1011[17]
26[18]-30[7]-35[18]39[13]-40[19]
293[7][18][19]
1 1012-[18][19]
0.507[10]
300[10]
0.016[6]-0.01772[15]0.0179[15][20]
298[6]
Ammonia, saturated
Argon
Temperature
[K]
0.17[2]-0.19[2]-0.2[3]
0.024[4][5][6]-0.025[7]
0.0262 (1 bar)[8]
0.0457 (1 bar)[8]
Air
[15]
-300[15][20]
218[13]-260[21]300[21]
293[21]
Bismuth
7.97[15]
300[15]
Brass Cu63%
125[22]
296[22]
15,150,000[22] 16,130,000[22]
(Cu63%, Zn37%)
Brass Cu70%
109[4][23] - 121[23]
293[4]-296[23]
12,820,000[23] 16,130,000[23]
(Cu70%, Zn30%)
0.15[4]-0.6[4]-0.69[6]1.31[6]
293[4]-298[6]
Beryllium oxide
Brick
26[12]
Bronze
[11][24]
293[11]-296[24]
Calcium silicate
0.063[25]
373[25]
Carbon dioxide
0.0146[6]-0.01465[26]0.0168[20](sat. liquid
0.087[27])
298[6]-273[26]300[20](293[27])
Carbon nanotubes, bulk
2.5 (multiwall)[28] 35 (single wall,

disordered mats)[29] 200(single wall,
aligned mats)[30]
[31]
[24]
42
Material
-50
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
1 1012[21]
5,882,000[24] 7,143,000[24]
"bulk" refers to a group of nanotubes either

arranged or disordered, for a single
nanotube, see "carbon nanotube, single"
.[32]
300
Temperature
[K]
Sn25%[12]
(Cu89%, Sn11%)[24]
Electrical conductivity
@ 293 K [1m1]
Notes
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Material
Carbon nanotube, single
Concrete
Copper, pure
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Temperature
[K]
Electrical
conductivity @
293 K
[1m1]
Notes
3180 (multiwall)
[33][34]
-3500 (single
wall)[35]
(SWcalc.6,600[33]
[36]
-37,000[33][36])
320[33]
[34]
-300[35]
(300[33]
[36]
-100[33][36])
values only for one single

SWNT(length:2.6 m, diameter:1.7 nm)
and CNT. "Single", as opposed to "bulk"
(Lateral)1016[37] - quantity (see "carbon nanotubes, bulk" ) of
many nanotubes, which should not be
(Ballistic)108[37])
confused with the denomination of
nanotubes themselves which can be
singlewall(SWNT) or multiwall(CNT) [38]
0.8[4] - 1.28[7] - 1.65

[39]
- 2.5 [39]
293[7]
~61-67%CaO
385[4]-386[11]
[12]
-390[7]-401[6]
[4][6][7]
International Annealed Copper Standard

(IACS) pure =1.7108m
=58.821061m1
293
[11][15][40]
[15][40]
368.7[11]
353.1[11]
Cork
573[11]
873[11]
59,170,000[40] 59,590,000[16]
For main article, see: Copper in heat

exchangers.
0.04[4] - 0.07[7]
293[7]
0.03[6][7]
293[7]
Diamond, impure
1,000[4][41]
273[41] - 293[4]
1 1016~[42]
Type I (98.1% of Gem Diamonds)

(C+0.1%N)
Diamond, natural
2,200[43]
293[43]
1 1016~[42]
Type-IIA (99%12C and 1%13C)
3,320[43]-41,000[33]
[44]
(99.999% 12C
calc.200,000[44])
293[43]-104[33]
[44]
(~80[44])
(Lateral)1016[42] (Ballistic)108[42]
Type-IIA isotopically enriched

(>99.9%12C)
1 1014[47]
(PS+Air+CO2+CnH2n+x)
1014[49][50]-1012[48]1010[49][50]
<1% Iron oxides
Cotton or Plastic Insulationfoamed
Diamond, isotopically
enriched
Epoxy, thermally conductive
0.682[45] - 1.038 1.384[46]
Expanded polystyrene - EPS
0.03[6]-0.033[4]
[6][41]
((PS
[47]
Only)0.1 -0.13[47])
98[41]-298[6]
[41]
(296[47])
0.029 - 0.39
98-298
[7]
293[7]
56[41]
300[41]
Glass
0.8[4]-0.93[7]
(SiO2pure1[13]SiO296%1.2[48]1.4[48])
293[4][7][48]
Glycerol
0.285[10]-0.29[7]
300[10]-293[7]
314[4]-315[11]-318[12]
293[11]298[15][51]
Extruded polystyrene - XPS

Fiberglass or Foam-glass
Gallium arsenide
Gold, pure
Granite
0.045
[15][51]
45,170,000[16] 45,450,000[51]
1.73[52] - 3.98[52]
(4840440)[53] (5300480)[53]
Graphene
Material
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
(72%SiO2+14%Al2O 3+4%K2O etc.)

293[53]
Temperature
[K]
100,000,000[54]
@ 293 K [1m1]
Notes
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Material
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Graphite (Synthetic)
Temperature
[K]
25-470[55]
293[55]
>100000[56]
2.2
1.6[4]-2.1[7]-2.2[41]2.22[57]
293[4][7] 273[41][57]
80[41]
300[41]
Helium II
Ice
Indium phosphide
71.8[12]-72.7[11]293[4][11]-298[6]79.5 -80[6]-80.2[41]300[15][41][58]
80.4[15][58]
573[11]
55.4[11]
1273[11]
34.6[11]
Electrical
conductivity @
293 K
[1m1]
Notes
5000000-30000000[55]
liquid Helium in its superfluid state below
2.2 K
[4]
Iron, pure
Iron, cast
55[6][12]
298[6]
Lead, pure
34.7[4][11]-35.0[6] 293[4][11]-298[6][12]
-35.3[15][59]
300[15][59]
29.8[11]
573[11]
Limestone
1.26[52] - 1.33[52]
[52]
2.07
9,901,000[58] 10,410,000[16]
(Fe+(2-4)%C+(1-3)%Si)
4,808,000[16] 4,854,000[59]
Mostly CaCO3
[6]
-2.08 2.94[6][52]
298[6]
0.030[6]-0.03281[60]
298[6]-273[60]
0.04[4][6][7]
293[7]-298[6]
90.9[15]-91[6]
298[6][15]
Nitrogen, pure
0.0234[4]-0.024[6]0.02583[15]0.026[20][41]
293[4]-298[6]300[15][20][41]
(N2) (1 atm)
Oxygen, pure (gas)
0.0238[4]-0.024[6]0.0263[20]0.02658[15]
293[4]-298[6]300[15][20]
(O2) (1 atm)
0.05[6]
298[6]
0.031[6]
298[6]
0.00137[6]
298[6]
0.23[61] - 0.7[61] 1.06[7]
293[7] - 296[61]
0.42[6] - 0.51[6]
298[6]
Polymer, High-Density
0.33[61] - 0.52[61]
296[61]
1016[61] - 102[61]
Polymer, Low-density
0.04[61] - 0.16[7] 0.25[7] - 0.33[61]
293[7] - 296[61]
1017[61] - 100[61]
0.02[6] - 0.021[6]
298[6]
Marble
Methane
Mineral Insulation or
Wool(Felt/Glass/Rock)
Nickel
Paper
Perlite, (1 atm)
Perlite, [partial] Vacuum
Plastic, fiber-reinforced
Polyethylene High Density
Polyurethane foam
Quartz (single crystal)
Material
12[41] to c axis,
6.8[41]
to c axis
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Mostly CaCO3
1015[61] - 100[61]
10-40%GF or CF
300[41]
Temperature
[K]
@ 293 K [1m1]
Notes
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Material
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Quartz-Fused or Vitreous
Silica or Fused Silica
Temperature
[K]
1.46[62]-3[7]
1.4[41]
Rice hulls (ash)
Electrical
conductivity @
293 K
[1m1]
Notes
293[7][62]
1.333E-18[49] - 1016[62]
323[41]
0.062[63]
Rice hulls (whole)
0.0359[63]
Rubber (92%)
0.16[41]
303[41]
1 1013~[49]
1.83[52] - 2.90[52]
2.1[64] - 3.9[64]
Sandstone
~95-71%SiO2
~98-48%SiO2, ~16-30% Porosity
Silica Aerogel
0.003[41](carbon
black9%~0.0042[65])98[41] - 298[6][41]
0.008[65]-0.017[65]0.02[6]-0.03[41]
Silver, pure
406[4]-407[11]-418[12]
427[13]-429[6][15][41]
[66]
-430[15]
Silver, sterling
Snow, dry
Sodium chloride
Soil, dry w/ organic matter
Soil, saturated
Solder, Sn/63% Pb/37%
Lead free solder,
Sn/95.6% Ag/3.5% Cu/0.9%,
Sn/95.5% Ag/3.8% Cu/0.7%
(SAC)
Steel, carbon
Steel, stainless
Thermal grease, silver-based
Thermal tape
293[4][11]
298
[15][41]
300
[6][15][66]
Foamed Glass
61,350,000[66] Highest electrical conductivity of any metal

63,010,000[16]
361[67]
0.05[6]-0.11[4]-0.25[6]
273[6]
35.1 - 6.5 - 4.85[68]
80 - 289 400[68]
0.15[7]
-1.15 -2[7]
293[7]
composition may vary
0.6[7]-4[7]
293[7]
composition may vary
36[11][12]-43[6]50.2[4]54[6][11][12]
293[4][11]-298[6]
(Fe+(1.5-0.5)%C)
16.3[12][71]-16.7[72]18[73]-24[73]
296[71][72][73]
1,176,000[72] 1,786,000[73]
[69]
[69]
50[70]
~60[70]
0.94+[74]
0.60[75]
Titanium, pure
15.6[12]-19.0[11]21.9[15][76]-22.5[11]
293[11]300[15][76]
1,852,000[76] 2,381,000[16]
Titanium Alloy
5.8[77]
296[77]
595,200[77]
[42]
[42]
[42]
Tungsten, Pure
Water
Water vapor
Material
(Fe, Cr12.5-25%, Ni0-20%, Mo0-3%,

Ti0-trace)
173
293
0.563[78]-0.596[78]0.6[4][7]-0.609[10]
273[78]-293[4]
[7][78]
-300[10]
0.016[6]-0.02479
(101.3 kPa)[79]
293[79]-398[6]
600[8]
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Temperature
[K]
(Ti+6%Al+4%V)
18,940,000
5Pure106[42]Sweet1031[42]Sea1[78]
@ 293 K [1m1]
<4[78]%(NaCl+MgCl2+CaCl2)
Notes
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Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Material
Temperature
[K]
Electrical
conductivity @
293 K
[1m1]
Notes
0.0471 (1 bar)[8]
0.09091[80]-0.16[41]0.21[80]-0.4[7]
298[41]-293[7]
Species-Variable[80]
0.04[4]-0.055[6]0.07692[80]-0.12[4]0.17[6][80]
293[4]-298[6]
Balsa[6]-Cedar[80]-Hickory[80]/Oak[6]
Zinc, Pure
116[42]
293[42]
Zinc oxide
21[13]
Wood, +>=12% water
Wood, oven-dry
Thermal
conductivity
[Wm1K1]
Material
Temperature
[K]
16,950,000[42]
@ 293 K [1m1]
Notes
See also
Laser flash analysis
List of insulation material
R-value
Specific heat capacity
Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivities of the elements (data page)
Thermal diffusivity
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http://www.goodfellow.com
/Home.aspx?LangType=2057
62. ^ a
bc
ab
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Quartz-Fused.html
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.3764 (http://dx.doi.org
63. ^
/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.70.3764). PMID 10053956
64. ^ a b http://edoc.gfz-potsdam.de/gfz/get/15306
45. ^ "MG 832TC Thermally Conductive Epoxy"
(http://mgchemicals.com/products/protective-coatings/epoxy-
http://esrla.com/pdf/ricehullhouse.pdf
/0/69070f5918278d63d23cfce5cbad024a/15306.pdf
65. ^ a
bc
http://energy.lbl.gov/ECS/aerogels/sa-thermal.html Thermal
Properties - Silica Aerogels
potting-and-encapsulating-compounds/thermally-conductive-epoxy-
66. ^ a
832tc/).
67. ^ S. Vandana (1 December 2002). Alternative Energy
46. ^ "OMEGABOND OB-100/101/200 Thermally Conductive

Epoxies" (http://www.omega.com/Temperature/pdf/OB-100_OB200_OT-200.pdf).
47. ^
48. ^
abcd
abcd
49. ^ a b
cd
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Polystyrene.html
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Silica.html
Serway, Raymond A. (1998). Principles of Physics (2nd
ed.). Fort Worth, Texas; London: Saunders College Pub. p. 602.

ISBN 0-03-020457-7.
50. ^
ab
Griffiths, David (1999) [1981]. "7. Electrodynamics". In
bc
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Silver.html
(http://books.google.com/books?id=IDyC8tM_EGMC&pg=PA45).
APH. p. 45. ISBN 978-81-7648-349-0{{inconsistent citations}}
68. ^ a b http://www.almazoptics.com/NaCl.htm
69. ^ a b Soil Sci Journals (http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/content
/figsonly/64/4/1285)
70. ^ a b "Thermal Conductivity-of Solders" (http://electronicscooling.com/2006/08/thermal-conductivity-of-solders/).
71. ^ a b http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Stainless-Steel-AISI-302.html
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Stainless-Steel-AISI-304.html
Alison Reeves (ed.). Introduction to Electrodynamics (3rd ed.).
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. p. 286.
ISBN 0-13-805326-X. OCLC 40251748 (https://www.worldcat.org

/oclc/40251748).
51. ^
abc
52. ^ a b
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Gold.html
cdefgh
Marble Institute of America (http://www.marble-
institute.com/industryresources/rvalue.cfm) (2 values are usually

given: the highest and lowest test scores)
53. ^ a b c Balandin, Alexander A. et al.; Ghosh, Suchismita; Bao,
Wenzhong; Calizo, Irene; Teweldebrhan, Desalegne; Miao, Feng;
Lau, Chun Ning (2008-02-20). "Superior Thermal Conductivity of
Single-Layer Graphene". Nano Letters ASAP 8 (3): 902907.
72. ^ a
73. ^
bc
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Stainless-Steel-17-7PH.html
abcd
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Stainless-Steel-
AISI-410.html
74. ^ NREL Review of Thermal Greases (Free PDF Form Available
Through Search Engines) (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org
/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4544297&url=http%3A%2F
%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D
4544297)
75. ^ [1] (http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US
Bibcode:2008NanoL...8..902B (http://adsabs.harvard.edu
/Electronics_NA/Electronics/Products/Product_Catalog/~/3M-
/abs/2008NanoL...8..902B). doi:10.1021/nl0731872
Thermally-Conductive-Adhesive-Transfer-
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fnl0731872). PMID 18284217
Tape-8805?N=4294290792+5153906&
Nr=AND%28hrcy_id%3A78VZ3Z4DWJgs_SJXL62VF4B_N2RL3
54. ^ Physicists Show Electrons Can Travel More Than 100 Times
Faster in Graphene (https://newsdesk.umd.edu/scitech
/release.cfm?ArticleID=1621)
55. ^ a b c Properties of Graphite (http://www.azom.com
FHWVK_GPD0K8BC31gv%29&rt=d)
76. ^ a
77. ^
bc
abc
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Titanium.html
http://www.goodfellow.com/E/Titanium-Aluminium-
Vanadium.html
/article.aspx?ArticleID=1630)
9/19/2014 8:08 PM
9 dari 9
78. ^ a b
cdef
"2.7.9 Physical properties of sea water"
(http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/general_physics/2_7/2_7_9.html).
Kaye and Laby (http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/) - National
Physical Laboratory (http://www.npl.co.uk/). Retrieved 2010-01-25.
79. ^ a b "Thermal conductivity of saturated H2O and D2 O, CRC
Handbook, p. 64.
80. ^ a
bcdefg
"Physical Properties and Moisture Relations of Wood"
(http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr113/ch03.pdf) (PDF).
David R. Lide, ed. (2003). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (http://books.google.com/books?id=q2qJId5TKOkC) (84th
ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0484-9.
External links
Heat Conduction Calculator (http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/heatcond.html#c1)
Thermal Conductivity Online Converter - An online thermal conductivity calculator (http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/thermalconductivity-calculator-d_857.html)
Thermal Conductivities of Solders (http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2006/08/thermal-conductivity-of-solders/)
Thermal conductivity of air as a function of temperature can be found at James Ierardi's Fire Protection Engineering Site
(http://users.wpi.edu/~ierardi/PDF/air_k_plot.PDF)
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