.

"

Time-marchine

PLD

Time-marchine

Modeling and Simulation of Flow Leakage in Petroleum Pipelines in an

Unsteady Condition
M. Paknejad and M. Poreyaie
Supervision on petroleum exports and technical Affairs,
Ministry of Petroleum, Tehran. IRAN
ABSTRACT

Leakage in fluid pipelines that is often observed in oil industry could be simulated easily in a
steady condition by applying some assumptions. At steady condition, any sort of pressure
drops in pipelines could be a reason for leakage presence. Since operations in pipelines is
usually happens in an unsteady condition, In the present research, the flow in pipelines has
been assumed as unsteady, for which the steady flow will be considered as its special case. In
order to solve the adapted equations by methods of specifications, at first two algorithms
called tile and time-machine will be investigated. And because of reinforcing noises and error
establishment in leakage detection, in tile algorithm, a method similar to time-machine
algorithm will be used. Then an algorithm specified for PLD model will be presented to
determine an unsteady flow simulation, leakage detection, leakage physical situation, and
eventually the calculation of the extent of the loss. The obtained results of this model will be
compared with the practical ones.

1-Programble Logic Control

)(Pipline leak detection

X D
.

)v(x,t

)P(x,t

)Q(x,t
H(x,t).

t,x

:[
]

(
)

fV V
V
V
1 p
+V
+
+
+ g sin a = 0
r x
x
t
2D

(
)

H
H
a 2 V
x + t + g x = 0

(
)

+ Z

dP

)r (P

p
o

1
H = g

)(

(
)

(
)

( Pt + V Px ) + Vx

= 0

(
)

1
ra 2

fQ Q
.

H 1 Q
g x + A t +
=0
(
)
2 DA2

H + a 2 Q = 0
(
)
t
gA x
.

Q=VA

O Q

H.

)(V =Q /A
o

:[
]

aV o
g

= Ho

Q
'
'
x
at
H

t = L v = Q o h = H o L) x = L

Q
(

(
)

(
()
)

(
()
)

(
)
.[

flVo
dh
dv
.
R = 2aD
+
+ Rv v = o
(
)
(
)

h v
t ' + x' = o

(
)

h v
x ' + t ' + Rv v = 0

' dt

(
( )
)

' dt

= + a

- dtdv' - Rv v = o

dx
dt

dh
' dt

Qo

Ho

(
( )
)

= -a

dx
dt

()

()
)

()

xt

t 2t 3

C -

- 1a
C +
+ 1a
.[
]

dx

df

)
+

C : (he - hd ) + (ve - vd ) + 0.25R (ve + vd ) (ve + vd ) dt = o

)
-

C : (h f - he ) - (v f - ve ) - 0.25R(v f + ve ) (v f + ve ) dt = o

h g

Time Marchine

[] Time -Marchine

)
(
)

xt

t1 t4

t t

t 2t 3

)
+

C : ( h p - h r ) + ( v p - v r ) + 0 . 25 ( v p + v r ) ( v p + v r ) dt = 0

)
-

C : ( h p - h s ) - ( v p - v s ) - 0 .25 ( v p + v s ) ( v p + v s ) dt = 0

RSS

Root Sum Square

.
Time Marchine

:[
]

ref

Time Marchine

))
2

s
ref

dV
D tQ

2
out

+ K

2
in

(K

Q1
Q ref

D
t
l

dVs

dVs

Dt

xt

Qi/Dref

PLD

Dt

PLD

1-Root Sum Square

[
]

(PLD

[
] (

)liou

PLD

liou

/
Mpa

/
Mpa

PLD

/
mhr

Km

/
Mpa

T=t+Dt

225 km

21/9 cm

639 m

9/3 Mpa

123m

1/21Mpa

604 m

18/8 C

10/8

][

][

pld

m3/hr

Km

m3/hr
0.67
0.73
0.74
0.69
0.68
0.66

300
303.5
307
310.5
314
317.5

m3/hr
-0.49
-0.47
-0.48
-0.45
-0.41
-0.43

95.18
87.83
88.71
89.02
84.20
88.13

1.17
1.20
1.23
1.14
1.09
1.09

2.38
5.28
7.51
-0.03
4.35
-4.47

00.00
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.11
0.07

429.5
433
436.5
440

0.63
0.67
0.65
0.66

-0.04
-0.53
-0.42
-0.47

1.03
1.21
1.07
1.13

88.03
99.32
88.98
93.48

-9.02
5.93
-5.86
-0.50
-0.03

0.07
-0.05
0.06
0.02
0.04

PLD

(
)

PLD

PLD

PLD

Time-Marchine

Time-Marchine

PLD

PLD

PLD

PLD

PLD

:a

[
]

:a

:A
-

:C ,C

:D

:dV s

:e

:f

:g

:h

:H

: K out , K in

)
(

Qref .

Qref
.

:L

:N

:r

:p

PLC

:Q

PLD

:t

' :t

:x

PLC

' :x

:D

PLC

:v

: Vo

:z

"

:in
x-t

: d,e,f,g,h,I,p,r,s

:i

:out

:+

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