Spring 2012

Signals and Systems

Chapter SS-7
Sampling

Shou shui Wei

SDU-BME
Sep08 Dec08
Figures and images used in these lecture notes are adopted from
Signals & Systems by Alan V. Oppenheim and Alan S. Willsky, 1997

Outline

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of of a Continuous-Time Signal

by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem
Reconstruction of of a Signal from Its Samples
Using Interpolation
The Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing
Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time
Signals
Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

The Sampling Theorem

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of CT Signals by its Samples

The Sampling Theorem

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of CT Signals by its Samples

The Sampling Theorem

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of CT Signals by its Samples

The Sampling Theorem

Impulse-Train Sampling:

Shou shui Wei2012

The Sampling Theorem

Shou shui Wei2012

Impulse-Train Sampling:

Eq 4.70, p. 322

Ex 4.21, p. 323

Ex 4.8, pp. 299-300

The Sampling Theorem

Impulse-Train Sampling:

Shou shui Wei2012

Ex 4.21, 4.22, pp. 323-4

The Sampling Theorem

Shou shui Wei2012

The Sampling Theorem:

The Sampling Theorem

Exact Recovery by an Ideal Lowpass Filter:

Shou shui Wei2012

Shou shui Wei2012

The Sampling Theorem

Sampling with Zero-Order Hold:

Shou shui Wei2012

The Sampling Theorem

Sampling with Zero-Order Hold:

Ex 4.4, p. 293

Eq 4.27, p. 301

Outline

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of of a Continuous-Time Signal

by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem
Reconstruction of of a Signal from Its Samples
Using Interpolation
The Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing
Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time
Signals
Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Exact Interpolation:

Ex 2.11, p. 110

Shou shui Wei2012

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Shou shui Wei2012

Exact Interpolation:

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Shou shui Wei2012

Ideal Interpolating Filter & The Zero-Order Hold:

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Shou shui Wei2012

Sampling & Interpolation of Images:

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Higher-Order Holds:

Shou shui Wei2012

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

Higher-Order Holds:

Shou shui Wei2012

Ex 4.4, p. 293

Reconstruction of a Signal from its Samples Using Interpolation

First-Order Hold on Image Processing:

Shou shui Wei2012

Outline

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of of a Continuous-Time Signal

by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem
Reconstruction of of a Signal from Its Samples
Using Interpolation
The Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing
Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time
Signals
Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Overlapping in Frequency-Domain: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing

Shou shui Wei2012

Strobe Effect:

Outline

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of of a Continuous-Time Signal

by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem
Reconstruction of of a Signal from Its Samples
Using Interpolation
The Effect of Under-sampling: Aliasing
Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time
Signals
Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Discrete-Time Processing of CT Signals:

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

C/D or A-to-D (ADC) and D/C or D-to-A (DAC):

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

C/D Conversion:

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

C/D Conversion:

Shou shui Wei2012

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

C/D Conversion:

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

C/D Conversion:

Table 4.2, p. 329

Eq 7.3, 7.6, p. 517

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

D/C Conversion:

Overall System:

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Frequency-Domain Illustration:

Shou shui Wei2012

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Frequency-Domain Illustration:

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

CT & DT Frequency Responses:

Shou shui Wei2012

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Digital Differentiator:
Ex 4.16, p. 317

Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals

Half-Sample Delay:
Ex 4.15, p. 317

Shou shui Wei2012

Outline

Shou shui Wei2012

Representation of of a Continuous-Time Signal

by Its Samples: The Sampling Theorem
Reconstruction of of a Signal from Its Samples
Using Interpolation
The Effect of Undersampling: Aliasing
Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time
Signals
Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Impulse-Train Sampling:

Shou shui Wei2012

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Impulse-Train Sampling:

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Exact Recovery Using Ideal Lowpass Filter:

Shou shui Wei2012

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

DT Decimation & Interpolation: Down-sampling

Eq 5.45, p. 378: Time expansion

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Higher Equivalent Sampling Rate: Up-sampling

Sampling of Discrete-Time Signals

Shou shui Wei2012

Down-sampling
+ Up-sampling:

In Summary

Shou shui Wei2012

In Summary

Discrete-Time Processing of CT Signals

Shou shui Wei2012