Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Debabrata Pal
Abstract
This paper presents the modeling and analysis of a small wind
turbine based PMDC generator for low power generation. The
performance of the wind generator under various wind speed
is simulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and
simulated results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed
system.
1. Introduction
Electrification of the remote and the rural areas is
important for sustainable development of any country. But
electrification of the remote areas is not technoeconomically feasible. These remote areas are blessed
with renewable energy sources like wind, solar, bio-mass,
thus a suitable stand-alone system using locally available
energy sources have become a preferred option.
Traditionally there are three main types of wind turbine
generators (WTGs), which can be considered for various
wind turbine systems, these being direct current (DC),
alternating current (AC) synchronous and alternating
current (AC) asynchronous generators. In principle each
can be run at fixed or variable speed. Due to the
fluctuating nature of the wind power, it is advantageous to
operate WTG at variable speed, which reduces the
physical stress on the turbine blades and drive train [1, 2].
In general, this DC WTGs are unusual in turbine
application, except in low power demand situation, where
the load is physically closed to the wind turbine, in
heating application or in battery charging [3].
This paper mainly deals with mathematical modeling and
analysis of the wind turbine, shaft and gear box, and
PMDC generator.
C p power coefficient
A generic equation can be used to model C p ( , ) .
The modeling of the turbine characteristic is based on the
given equation [5].
C5
C
C p ( , ) C1 2 C3 C4 e i C6
i
where,
1
1
0.035
3
i 0.08 1
(2)
b R VT
Vw
Vw
Pitch angle of the blade of wind turbine
116
0.735 68
P 0.5AVw3 0.5176
9.06 e
4 (3)
10
P 0.5AVw3C p
(1)
where,
density of air (kg/m3)
A area swept by the blades of the wind turbine (m2)
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Tm Ts1 J m
db
dt
(4)
4. Mathematical
Generator
Modeling
PMDC
Eg k g wr
where,
b angular velocity of the turbine
of
(8)
where,
Vt Eg La
dIa
Ra I a
dt
(9)
where,
La armature inductance (H)
Ra armature resistance ()
d
Ts 2 Te J r r
dt
(5)
Tl kL I a
where,
r angular velocity of the rotor
Tshaft Tl J
Ts1 r n1
Ts 2 b n2
(6)
(10)
where,
k L the load torque constant (N-m/A)
dwr
B wr
dt
(11)
therefore,
dwr 1
Tshaft Tl B wr
dt
J
(12)
where,
n1
gear box ratio
n2
Eliminating the shaft torque from Eqs. (4) and (5), we
get
n 2
d
n2
Tm Te J m 2 J r r
n1
dt
n1
(7)
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6. Conclusion
t
V
t
V
7. Technical Specification
t
P
t
P
Specifications
150 watts (max)
12 V (DC) at 10 m/s
4 A (DC) at 10 m/s
1.65 m
3
1.12 T
(a)
(b)
REFERENCES
t
V
t
V
t
P
t
P
t
(c)
Items
Power rating
Voltage
Current
Turbine Diameter (blade)
Number of blades
Flux density of the pole
t
(d)
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