DRUG MECHANISME AND CLINICAL USED

N
O

DRUGS

MECHANISM OF ACTION

TOXICITY

Albendazol

Unclear
To block glucose uptake (larva-adult
worm) decrease formation of ATP
To inhibit to microtubule assembly

short therapy
A few toxic effect, may
reversible :leukopenia,
alopecia
Long-term therapy
Change in liver enzyme
Bone marrow suppression
and fetal toxicity (animal)
CI : Pregnancy

Mebendazol

Selectively inhibiting microtubule

synthesis and glucose uptake

Limited to GIT iritation

Embriotoxicity
(teratogenic)

Note: <10% is absorbed systemically

(oral) to be metabolized rapidly

N
O

DRUGS

MECHANISM OF ACTION

TOXICITY

CLINICAL USED
Wide anthelmintic
spectrum
Larva migran
(ancylostoma sp)
Ascariasis
Roundworm
Whipworm,
threadworm
Hookworm,
pinworm
cysticercosis
Drug of choice for
PINWORM,
Roundworm,
hookworm and
WHIPWORM
Combined with
pyrantel pamoate
ascarids and
hookworm

CLINICAL USED

Thiabendazol

Similar with mebendazole

Notes :
Rapidly absorbed from the gut
Metabolized by liver enzym
Has anti-inflamatory in host

Pyrantel
pamoate

Piperazine

N
O

DRUGS

Ivermectine

Stimulate nicotinic receptor

(neuromuscular junction) muscle
contraction depolarization induce
paralysis
Notes :
poorly absorbed from the gut
Against at GABA receptors
paralyzed

MECHANISM OF
ACTION
Intensifies GABA mediated
neurotransmission causes
immobilization of
parasites

GIT iritation, headache, dizzines,

drowsiness, leucopenia,
hematuria, intrahepatic
cholectasis
Rx cause by dying parasites
fever, chills, lymphadenophaty,
skin rush
Ci : Children (BW < 15kg), Liver
and kidney disfunction

MINOR
GI distress, headache,
weakness
Precaution :
Liver disfunction SGOT
>
Pregnancy, Children < 2 y
Mild GIT Iritation
CI : Epileptique Seizures,
liver and kidney
dysfuction

Drug of Choice for

visceral form
strongyloidiasis,
cutaneus
larvamigran,
threadworm
(Strongyloides
stercoralis)
Drug of choice for
hookworm, pinworm,
roundworm

Alternative drug for

Ascariasis

TOXICITY

CLINICAL USED

Fever, headache, dizzines,

rashes, pruritus, tachycardia,
hypotension, pain in joint,
muscle and lymp gland (short

Drug of choice for

strongyloidiasis,
Onchocerca volvulus,
Alternative drug for

Diethylcarbam
azine

duration)
Can be controled by
antihistamine and AINS
CI : Pregnancy
Dont be combined with
barbiturate, benzodiazepine
and valproic acid
Imobilizes microfilariae
Headache, malaise,
(unknown)
weakness, anorexia
Increase their susceptibility to Rx caused by protein release
host defense mechanism
(dying filariae) fever,
rashes, ocular damage, joint
Notes :
and muscle pain,
Rapidly absorbed from the lymphadenitis
gut
In Onchocerciasis The
Excreted via urine
Mazzotti Rx : hypotension,
Microfilariae are killed
pyrexia, respiratory distress,
Can be controled by
more readly than adult
antihistamine and AINS
worm

filariasis

Drug of choice for

FILARIASIS
Be combined with
suramin for
ONCHOCERCIASIS
Alternative for larva
migrans