PRACTICE EXERCISES 1

I. Know the structure of the real number system ( rational, irrational, integers, natural numbers, decimals)
Know also the properties of real numbers.
II. Perform the indicated operations
1. Add 2x 2 xy 5y 2 and 7x 2 5xy 6y 2
2. Subtract 2a + 2b 4c from the sum of 4a 7b + 12c and 5b 3c
3. 9x ( 2y 3x) { y ( 2y - x) } [ 2y + 2 ( 4x - 3y) ]
4. 2a 3 5a{a 2 4[2a 5(a 3) 3] a 2 }
b. ( 4x 3 y 4 ) 3 ( 2x 4 y 7 ) 3
e. (3s5t-4)-6

5. a. ( 5 5 3 6 ) 4
d. (25)(2-7)(2-2)
4

3a 2
b 3c0

6. a.

2 3
33

7. a.

19
e. 10 10

bc 2
9a 6
2

3 4
26

3u 2 v 3
7w4

b.

3a 2 b 3 c7

b.

14

28 w 2u
33u 2 v 2

c.

4 2 x 1y 3 z 4

b.

9. a. (4x 2

b. (2x 2

10. ( 2x 2n

xn

5x 2

5x

4x 4 by 2x + 3
4x

4 by x + 2

1. ( 7x + 3y ) ( 2x 4y)
2. ( 2mn 3r) ( 5mn + 2r )

9
(3a 1 )n

d.

2 2

3x 2 y ) 2x 2 y(4 xy)

3xy(2x

3xy y 2 )(x 2

4xy 3y 2 )

b. Divide 4x 3

3 by 2x - 1

2x

4n

b. Divide 16a - 64a

10n

by 2a3n

14.

(x n

15.

( 5x y

16.

( a 6b 2c) 2

6. ( 4x y ) 3

17.

( 2x y

7. ( xy2

18.

[(3x 2y ) 4z] [(3x 2y ) 4z]

2y 3 ) 2

5. ( 5x 3 y

3z 4 ) 2

2c) 3

8. ( 3x x 2 ) 3
9. ( 4x - 3y) ( 4x + 3y)
10. ( 5a 3 7b 4 ) ( 5a 3 7b 4 )
11. (

ab
3

c
4

)(

ab
3

c
4

2. 6xy z

12x yz

3 2

4xy z

y n )3

2z ) 2
3w ) 2

2z

16.

2b) ( x

a 2b 2

17. 10x

13p 2 q 2

4. 3x 2 (x

19. 16x 6

24x 5

5. 2 5x 2
6. 4x 4

16z 2

9xd6

8. 81( 2x

3z ) 2

10. 27a

22. 2c 2
4r 4

4(4m 3n) 2

x2

21. a 2

y 8z6

7. x 3 y 4
9. 64a 2

20.

23. x 4
24. 4x 2
25. a

y )] [(a

11x 6

18. 6p 4

3y ) 2

ab 20

3. 3y (2x + 5) 4x (2x + 5)
3y ) 6xz(x

19. [(2x 2 x) 3] [(2x 2 x) 3]

* 20. [ 2( x + y) 5] [ 3 ( x + y) + 4 ]
21. [(2x 2 x) ( x 3 1)] [(2x 2 x) ( x 3
22. [(a

IV. Factor the following completely.

1. 2x 3 4x 2 10x
2 3

6x

12. ( 6m + 5n) ( 6m + 5n )
13. (5t 3 2) (5t 3 2)

( 5x 3y ) 2

4. ( 3x 2

2a 1

13. a. Divide x 9 x 5 x 2 1 by x 2 x 1
b. Divide 3x 4 4x 2 8x 3 by 3x 2
3
3
14. a. Divide x + y by x 2y
b. Divide 4x2- 6xy- 3y2 by 2x + 3y
c. Divide 3z3 -11z2x - 18zx2- 6x3 by z - 5x
III. Use special product formulas to find the following.

3.

2 n

10)(x 1)

11. a. Divide 6x 3
12. a. Divide 4x

3x 3)

( x p 1 y 2p

u 2 v 2w

8. a. 3xy( 2x 3y ) ( x + 5y )
4x 1)(2x 2

( x n 2 y 2n 1 ) p

u 3 v 1w 2

g.

6 3 x4y 2z 3

9 t y
(4 1 ty 2 )

2a 3 b 3 c0

f.

10 510 3

c. (5x 0 y 7 )( 5y 8 ) 2
f. (-5m-1n4)3(n-3m-2)-7
(a b 3 d b 2 ) 3
c.
.
a 3b d 6

6q 4

9x 4

10xy 25y 2

ab

a b

4cd 3c 6d
2x 2

1 x2

3xy 24xz 18yz

2ab b 2

ac bc

2b) ( x

1)]
3

y 2 )]

11. a 3
12. 8x 12

8b 6

26. x 3
27. 2c 2

y9

13. 64( x 3b) 3

14. 9a 3

x2

2xy y 2

5cd 3d 2

8c 3

28. 2(x 3)(4x 7) 2

a3

4b 2 c 2 a

15. 625x 4 y

y3

29. 6(x y ) 2
30. 25(4x 2

81y 9

d3

8( x 3) 2 (4x 7)

23(x y ) 4

12xy 9y 2 ) 9a 2 b 2

V. Reduce the ff fractions to lowest terms.

1.

36x 2 y 5
30xy 7

6a 2
4a 2

2.

7a 3
8a 3

3.

x 3 27
3 x

4.

4b 2 1
12b 2 b 4b 3

VI. Perform the indicated operations

1.

40x 3 y 2
24xy 4

3.

c 3 dc 2 bc 2
c2 d2
c2

5.

x 1
x 2

7.

9.

11.

13.

15.

27xy
8x 2 y 3

12x

1
a 3

bd 2
d2

bc
c d

x 3
x

3
2 x 4x 2

3
2

x 6

c 2
3c 3

VII.

3x 2y
5x 3

5x 2

3
x 2 2x 1
1 12x
1
2 x

2x y
3 5x

6x 6
x2 9

x 3

14.

1 c

18.

6.

12.

5x 1
12x 2

27x 3 y 3
x 2 2xy 3y 2 xy 3y 2
3x 2 4xy y 2 9x 2 3xy y 2 x 2 9y 2

10.

3 a

2y 15 y 2 6y 9
y2 9
12 4y

4.

8.

x 1 x 2 2x 1
x(1 x)
x2 1
c 2
3c 5

y2

2.

x 1
x 3

2x 1
2x 2 x 6

x 3
6x x 12

2x 3
3x 10x 8

x 2

x 1

3x
x 3

3x 2
x 6x 9

x 4
x 2

x 2
x 3

1
x
16.
1
x 1
x

1
2

x2

x
3x 2

x2
x
x 1
19.
x2 1
x
1
1
x

17.

4
x3
1 1
4 2x

1
x2

1
p q p 2q
21.
p q
2
p 2q

1
x

20.

x
6x 9

1
2x
1
y

Simplify the ff expressions

1.

4.

x 1

y 1

(x y ) 1

(x 2

y 2) 1

2.

5.

y 2

x 1y 1

x 1y 2
4( x 3) 4
8( x 3) 2

6x 2

3.

2x 2 y 1
6.

u
u 1

a 2

a 3y 2

a 3y 2

v
v 1

y 2
7.

xy 2

yx 2

y 1

x 1