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Estimator
Definition:
An estimator is any statistic
whose value is used to estimate
an unknown parameter. A realized
value of an estimator is called an
estimate.
Point Estimate
Definition:
A point estimate is a single
value used to represent the
parameter of interest, i.e., it
corresponds to a single point in
the real number line.
Interval Estimator
Definition:
An interval estimator of a population is
a rule that tells us how to calculate two
numbers based on a sample data,
forming an interval within which the
parameter is expected to lie. The pair
of numbers (a, b) is called an interval
estimate or confidence interval.
Level of
Confidence
Definition:
The degree of certainty
attached to an interval
estimate for the unknown
parameter is 1 , called the
level of confidence or
confidence coefficient.
x z
2
x z
2
Example
e z
2
Example
n z
e
2
Example
s
s
x t
x t
n
n
2
2
where t is the t value with v n 1
2
degrees of freedom
Example
Exercise 1
Exercise 1