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Microprocessorinterviewquestionsandanswers,8085
and8086Microprocessortutorialsforfreshersbeginners

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8085questionsandanswers:
1.Whatarethevariousregistersin8085?
Accumulatorregister,Temporaryregister,Instructionregister,StackPointer,
ProgramCounterarethevariousregistersin8085.
2.In8085namethe16bitregisters?
StackpointerandProgramcounterallhave16bits.

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3.Whatarethevariousflagsusedin8085?
Signflag,Zeroflag,Auxillaryflag,Parityflag,Carryflag.

8085and8086InterviewQuestions
AndAnswers

4.WhatisStackPointer?
Stackpointerisaspecialpurpose16bitregisterintheMicroprocessor,which
holdstheaddressofthetopofthestack.
5.WhatisProgramcounter?
Programcounterholdstheaddressofeitherthefirstbyteofthenextinstructionto
befetchedforexecutionortheaddressofthenextbyteofamultibyteinstruction,
whichhasnotbeencompletelyfetched.Inboththecasesitgetsincremented
automaticallyonebyoneastheinstructionbytesgetfetched.AlsoProgramregister
keepstheaddressofthenextinstruction.
6.WhichStackisusedin8085?
LIFO(LastInFirstOut)stackisusedin8085.InthistypeofStackthelaststored
informationcanberetrievedfirst.
7.WhathappenswhenHLTinstructionisexecutedinprocessor?
TheMicroProcessorentersintoHaltStateandthebusesaretristated.

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8.Whatismeantbyabus?
Abusisagroupofconductinglinesthatcarriersdata,address,&controlsignals.
9.WhatisTristatelogic?
ThreeLogicLevelsareusedandtheyareHigh,Low,Highimpedancestate.The
highandlowarenormallogiclevels&highimpedancestateiselectricalopencircuit
conditions.Tristatelogichasathirdlinecalledenableline.
10.Giveanexampleofoneaddressmicroprocessor?
8085isaoneaddressmicroprocessor.
11.Inwhatwayinterruptsareclassifiedin8085?
In8085theinterruptsareclassifiedasHardwareandSoftwareinterrupts.
12.WhatareHardwareinterrupts?
TRAP,RST7.5,RST6.5,RST5.5,INTR.
13.WhatareSoftwareinterrupts?
RST0,RST1,RST2,RST3,RST4,RST5,RST6,RST7.
14.Whichinterrupthasthehighestpriority?
TRAPhasthehighestpriority.
15.Name5differentaddressingmodes?
Immediate,Direct,Register,Registerindirect,Impliedaddressingmodes.
16.Howmanyinterruptsaretherein8085?
Thereare12interruptsin8085.
17.Whatisclockfrequencyfor8085?
3MHzisthemaximumclockfrequencyfor8085.
18.WhatistheRSTfortheTRAP?
RST4.5iscalledasTRAP.
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19.In8085whichiscalledasHighorder/LoworderRegister?
FlagiscalledasLoworderregister&AccumulatoriscalledasHighorderRegister.

20.Whatareinput&outputdevices?
Keyboards,Floppydiskaretheexamplesofinputdevices.Printer,LED/LCD
display,CRTMonitoraretheexamplesofoutputdevices.
21.CananRCcircuitbeusedasclocksourcefor8085?
Yes,itcanbeused,ifanaccurateclockfrequencyisnotrequired.Also,the
componentcostislowcomparedtoLCorCrystal.

22.Whycrystalisapreferredclocksource?
Becauseofhighstability,largeQ(QualityFactor)&thefrequencythatdoesnt
driftwithaging.Crystalisusedasaclocksourcemostofthetimes.
23.Whichinterruptisnotlevelsensitivein8085?
RST7.5isaraisingedgetriggeringinterrupt.
24.WhatdoesQualityfactormean?
TheQualityfactorisalsodefined,asQ.Soitisanumber,whichreflectsthe
lossnessofacircuit.HighertheQ,thelowerarethelosses.
25.Whatareleveltriggeringinterrupt?
RST6.5&RST5.5areleveltriggeringinterrupts
26.WhichStackisusedin8085?
LIFO(LastInFirstOut)stackisusedin8085.InthistypeofStackthelaststored
informationcanbe

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27.Whatarethevariousregistersin8085?
Accumulatorregister,Temporaryregister,Instructionregister,StackPointer,
ProgramCounterarethevariousregistersin8085
28.Whatarethevariousregistersin8085?
Accumulatorregister,Temporaryregister,Instructionregister,StackPointer,
ProgramCounterarethevariousregistersin8085
29.In8085namethe16bitregisters?
StackpointerandProgramcounterallhave16bits.
30.WhatisStackPointer?
Stackpointerisaspecialpurpose16bitregisterintheMicroprocessor,whichholds
theaddressofthetopofthe
31.WhichStacWhichStackisusedin8086?kisusedin8086?
FIFO(FirstInFirstOut)stackisusedin8086.InthistypeofStackthefirststored
informationisretrieved
32.HowcanIhandleadestructorthatfails?
Writeamessagetoalogfile.Butdonotthrowanexception.TheC++ruleisthat
youmustneverthrow
33.Inwhatwayinterruptsareclassifiedin8085?
In8085theinterruptsareclassifiedasHardwareandSoftwareinterrupts.
34.Whatmethodisusedtoplaceavalueontothetopofastack?
push()method,Pushisthedirectionthatdataisbeingaddedtothestack.push()
membermethodplacesavalue

35.Whatisclockfrequencyfor8085?
3MHzisthemaximumclockfrequencyfor8085.
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36.Whatisclockfrequencyfor8085?
3MHzisthemaximumclockfrequencyfor8085.
37.Giveanexampleofoneaddressmicroprocessor?
8085isaoneaddressmicroprocessor.
38.Giveexamplesfor8/16/32bitMicroprocessor?
8bitProcessor8085/Z80/680016bitProcessor8086/68000/Z8000
32bitprocessor80386/80486
39.Whatismeantbyabus?
Abusisagroupofconductinglinesthatcarriersdata,address,&controlsignals.
40.Whatarethevariousregistersin8085?
Accumulatorregister,Temporaryregister,Instructionregister,StackPointer,
ProgramCounterarethevariousregistersin8085
41.Whycrystalisapreferredclocksource?
Becauseofhighstability,largeQ(QualityFactor)&thefrequencythatdoesn?tdrift
withaging.Crystalisusedasaclocksourcemostofthetimes.
42.In8085whichiscalledasHighorder/LoworderRegister?
FlagiscalledasLoworderregister&AccumulatoriscalledasHighorderRegister.

43.Name5differentaddressingmodes?
Immediate,Direct,Register,Registerindirect,Impliedaddressingmodes
44.Inwhatwayinterruptsareclassifiedin8085?
In8085theinterruptsareclassifiedasHardwareandSoftwareinterrupts.

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45.Whatisthedifferencebetweenprimary&secondarystoragedevice?
Inprimarystoragedevicethestoragecapacityislimited.Ithasavolatilememory.In
secondarystoragedevicethestoragecapacityislarger.Itisanonvolatilememory.
Primarydevicesare:RAM/ROM.Secondarydevicesare:Floppydisc/Harddisk.
46.WhichStackisusedin8085?
LIFO(LastInFirstOut)stackisusedin8085.InthistypeofStackthelaststored
informationcanberetrievedfirst.
47.WhatisProgramcounter?
Programcounterholdstheaddressofeitherthefirstbyteofthenextinstructionto
befetchedforexecutionortheaddressofthenextbyteofamultibyteinstruction,
whichhasnotbeencompletelyfetched.Inboththecasesitgetsincremented
automaticallyonebyoneastheinstructionbytesgetfetched.AlsoProgramregister
keepstheaddressofthenextinstruction.
48.WhatistheRSTfortheTRAP?
RST4.5iscalledasTRAP.
49.Whatareleveltriggeringinterrupt?
RST6.5&RST5.5areleveltriggeringinterrupts.
50.Whichinterruptisnotlevelsensitivein8085?
RST7.5isaraisingedgetriggeringinterrupt.
51.WhatareSoftwareinterrupts?
RST0,RST1,RST2,RST3,RST4,RST5,RST6,RST7.
52.Whatarethevariousflagsusedin8085?
Signflag,Zeroflag,Auxiliaryflag,Parityflag,Carryflag.

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53.In8085namethe16bitregisters?
StackpointerandProgramcounterallhave16bits.
54.WhatisStackPointer?
Stackpointerisaspecialpurpose16bitregisterintheMicroprocessor,whichholds
theaddressofthetopofthestack.
55.WhathappenswhenHLTinstructionisexecutedinprocessor?
TheMicroProcessorentersintoHaltStateandthebusesaretristated.
56.WhatdoesQualityfactormean?
TheQualityfactorisalsodefined,asQ.Soitisanumber,whichreflectsthelossness
ofacircuit.HighertheQ,thelowerarethelosses.
57.Howmanyinterruptsaretherein8085?
Thereare12interruptsin8085.
58.WhatisTristatelogic?
ThreeLogicLevelsareusedandtheyareHigh,Low,Highimpedancestate.Thehigh
andlowarenormallogiclevels&highimpedancestateiselectricalopencircuit
conditions.Tristatelogichasathirdlinecalledenableline.
59.Whichinterrupthasthehighestpriority?
TRAPhasthehighestpriority
60.WhatareHardwareinterrupts?
TRAP,RST7.5,RST6.5,RST5.5,INTR
61.CananRCcircuitbeusedasclocksourcefor8085?
Yes,itcanbeused,ifanaccurateclockfrequencyisnotrequired.Also,the
componentcostislowcomparedtoLCorCrystal

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1.WhatisaMicroprocessor?
Microprocessorisaprogramcontrolleddevice,whichfetchestheinstructions
frommemory,decodesandexecutestheinstructions.MostMicroProcessorare
singlechipdevices.
2.Giveexamplesfor8/16/32bitMicroprocessor?
8bitProcessor8085/Z80/680016bitProcessor8086/68000/Z8000
32bitProcessor80386/80486.
3.Why8085processoriscalledan8bitprocessor?
Because8085processorhas8bitALU(ArithmeticLogicReview).Similarly8086
processorhas16bitALU.
4.Whatis1st/2nd/3rd/4thgenerationprocessor?
TheprocessormadeofPMOS/NMOS/HMOS/HCMOStechnologyiscalled1st
/2nd/3rd/4thgenerationprocessor,anditismadeupof4/8/16/32bits.
5.DefineHCMOS?
HighdensityntypeComplimentaryMetalOxideSiliconfieldeffecttransistor.
6.Whatdoesmicroprocessorspeeddependon?
TheprocessingspeeddependsonDATABUSWIDTH.
7.Istheaddressbusunidirectional?
Theaddressbusisunidirectionalbecausetheaddressinformationisalwaysgiven
bytheMicroProcessortoaddressamemorylocationofaninput/outputdevices.
8.IsthedatabusisBidirectional?
ThedatabusisBidirectionalbecausethesamebusisusedfortransferofdata
betweenMicroProcessorandmemoryorinput/outputdevicesinboththe
direction.

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9.Whatisthedisadvantageofmicroprocessor?
Ithaslimitationsonthesizeofdata.MostMicroprocessordoesnotsupport
floatingpointoperations.
10.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmicroprocessorandmicrocontroller?
InMicroprocessormoreopcodes,fewbithandlinginstructions.Butin
Microcontroller:feweropcodes,morebithandlingInstructions,andalsoitis
definedasadevicethatincludesmicroprocessor,memory,&input/outputsignal
linesonasinglechip.
11.WhatismeantbyLATCH?
LatchisaDtypeflipflopusedasatemporarystoragedevicecontrolledbya
timingsignal,whichcanstore0or1.TheprimaryfunctionofaLatchisdatastorage.
ItisusedinoutputdevicessuchasLED,toholdthedatafordisplay.
12.WhydoesmicroprocessorcontainROMchips?
MicroprocessorcontainROMchipbecauseitcontaininstructionstoexecutedata.
13.Whatisthedifferencebetweenprimary&secondarystoragedevice?
Inprimarystoragedevicethestoragecapacityislimited.Ithasavolatilememory.
Insecondarystoragedevicethestoragecapacityislarger.Itisanonvolatilememory.
Primarydevicesare:RAM/ROM.Secondarydevicesare:Floppydisc/Harddisk.
14.DifferencebetweenstaticanddynamicRAM?
StaticRAM:Norefreshing,6to8MOStransistorsarerequiredtoformone
memorycell,Informationstoredasvoltagelevelinaflipflop.DynamicRAM:
Refreshedperiodically,3to4transistorsarerequiredtoformonememorycell,
Informationisstoredasachargeinthegatetosubstratecapacitance.

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15.Whatisinterrupt?
Interruptisasignalsendbyexternaldevicetotheprocessorsoastorequestthe
processortoperformaparticularwork.
16.Whatiscachememory?
Cachememoryisasmallhighspeedmemory.Itisusedfortemporarystorageof
data&informationbetweenthemainmemoryandtheCPU(centerprocessingunit).
ThecachememoryisonlyinRAM.
17.Whatiscalled.Scratchpadofcomputer.?
CacheMemoryisscratchpadofcomputer.
18.WhichtransistorisusedineachcellofEPROM?
Floating.gateAvalancheInjectionMOS(FAMOS)transistorisusedineachcellof
EPROM.
19.DifferentiatebetweenRAMandROM?
RAM:Read/Writememory,HighSpeed,VolatileMemory.ROM:Readonly
memory,LowSpeed,NonVoliateMemory.
20.Whatisacompiler?
Compilerisusedtotranslatethehighlevellanguageprogramintomachinecode
atatime.Itdoesn.trequirespecialinstructiontostoreinamemory,itstores
automatically.TheExecutiontimeislesscomparedtoInterpreter.
21.Whichprocessorstructureispipelined?
Allx86processorshavepipelinedstructure.
22.Whatisflag?
Flagisaflipflopusedtostoretheinformationaboutthestatusofaprocessorand
thestatusoftheinstructionexecutedmostrecently

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23.Whatisstack?
StackisaportionofRAMusedforsavingthecontentofProgramCounterand
generalpurposeregisters.
24.CanROMbeusedasstack?
ROMcannotbeusedasstackbecauseitisnotpossibletowritetoROM.
25.WhatisNVRAM?
NonvolatileReadWriteMemory,alsocalledFlashmemory.Itisalsoknowas
shadowRAM.

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