PRACTICAL GRAMMAR

The final grade will be made up of:

7 points written exam (exam session) + 3 points for
1 points Homework 1 (CP 3)
1 points Test 1 (CP 4)
1 points Homework 2 (CP 5)
The preliminary and the final tests will include a theoretical and a practical
part. The questions in the practical part will refer to the aspects listed below.
TOPICS
CP1: PUNCTUATION AND CAPITALIZATION IN ENGLISH
CP2: THE VERB: TENSES
CP3&4: DIRECT INDIRECT / REPORTED SPEECH (SEQUENCE OF TENSES) / THE
PASSIVE VOICE / THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
CP4: TEST / THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
CP6: PARTS OF SPEECH (other than the verb)
CP7: REVISION
Suggested bibliography
E-exercises; T-theory; T+E- theory and exercises
Arhire, Mona & Anamaria Micu, Limba engleza. 1600 de teste gril, Braov:
Editura Aula, 2004 (E)
Banta, Andrei, Limba englez n 60 de zile, Bucureti: Editura Teora, 1992 (T+E)
Chioran, D., Irina Panovf, Ioana Poenaru, Exerciii de gramatic englez,
Bucureti: Editura Teora, 2008 (E)
Galea, Ileana, Virgil Stanciu, English with Tears, Cluj: Editura Dacia, 1999 (E)
Hulban, Horia, Lctuu, Tamara, Goglniceanu, Galina, Competen i
performan exerciii i teste de limba englez, Bucureti: Editura
tiinific i enciclopedic, 1983 (E)
Levichi, Leon, Ioan Preda, Gramatica limbii engleze, Bucureti: Ed. Gramar, 1996
(T)
Pawlowska, Barbara, Zbigniew Kempinski, Teste de limba englez, Bucureti: Ed.
Teora, 1998 (T+E)
Rozakis, Laurie, English Grammar for the Utterly Confused. McGraw.Hill, 2003
(T+E)
Sndulescu, George C. English Grammar Exercises (ed. rev.), Bucureti: Editura
pentru Literatur Contemporan, 2011
Timar, Eszter, Limba englez n teste i exerciii, Bucureti: Ed. Teora, 1998 (E)
Thomson A. J., Martinet A. V., A Practical English Grammar, Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1986 (T)
Thomson A. J., Martinet A. V., A Practical English Grammar Exercises 1, Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2002 (T+E)
Vince, Michael, Advanced Language Practice, Macmillan, 2003 (T+E)
Walker E., Elsworth, S., Grammar Practice for Upper intermediate Students.
Harlow: Longman, 2000 (T+E)
Walter, Richard, Focus on Advanced English. CAE Grammar practice, Pearson
Education Limited, 1994

CP1
DICTATION & PUNCTUATION AND CAPITALIZATION IN ENGLISH
PUNCTUATION MARKS IN ENGLISH:
apostrophes(), colons (:), semi-colons (;), commas (,), exclamation marks (!),
question marks (?), quotation marks (, ), dashes (), slashes (/), brackets ([]),
parenthesis (), hyphens (-), periods (.), ellipsis (. . .)

1. Correctly punctuate the following paragraphs:

In many Native American tribes the shaman or medicine man acted as a ceremonial
priest. In other tribes however the medicine mans job was to treat any one of his
people who became ill. In his role as a healer the medicine man carried a bag of
secret herbs and charms to rid the patient of his sickness. Among the tools of his
trade were dried fingers deer tails drums rattles and tiny sacks of herbs. Different
tribes used different herbs; depending on what was available in the area and through
trading. The Dakotas for example relieved asthma with the powdered root of skunk
cabbage the Kiowas stopped dandruff with the soaproot plant.
2. True-False Questions
1. With singular nouns or pronouns not ending in s, add an apostrophe and an s.
2. With singular nouns ending in s, add an apostrophe but not another s.
3. With plural nouns ending in s, add an apostrophe before the s, as in Charles or
James.
4. With plural nouns not ending in s, add an apostrophe and an s, as in mens suits.
5. Contractions and possessive pronouns are the same, as in its/its youre/your,
and theyre/their.
6. The following sentence is punctuated correctly: We enjoy taking cruises on
luxurious ships, but cruises can be costly vacations.
7. Use a comma to set off words in apposition (words that give additional information
about the preceding or following word or expression).

SOME RULES OF CAPITALIZATION IN ENGLISH:

Basically, capitalization falls into two categories:
- Capitalize all proper nouns. These include names, geographical places, specific
historical events, eras, and documents, languages, nationalities, countries, and races.
- Capitalize the first word at the beginning of a sentence.
In addition:
- Capitalize titles used before a persons name, e.g. President Bush
- Capitalize the major words in titles of books, plays, movies, newspapers, and
magazines.
Do not capitalize the articles: a, an, the
Do not capitalize prepositions: at, by, for, of, in, up, on, so, on, to, etc.
Do not capitalize conjunctions: and, as, but, if, or, nor
In effect, any word with more than four letters in a title gets capitalized.
- Capitalize the names of languages, nationalities, countries, and ethnic and racial
identifications

- Capitalize proper adjectives formed from proper nouns.

- Capitalize names of days, months, and holidays
3. True-False Questions
1. Capitalize all proper nouns.
2. Capitalize proper names and names of geographical places, specific historical
events, eras, documents, languages, nationalities, countries, and races.
3. Capitalize the first word at the beginning of a sentence.
4. Its not important to use capital letters consistently within a particular document.
5. Capitalize only the last part of a persons name.
6. If a name begins with d, de, or du, do not capitalize the prefix unless it is preceded
by a first name or a title.
7. A person can always decide how to capitalize the words in his or her name.
8. Do not capitalize the names of any animals.
9. A personal name that is used as a common noun is capitalized, as in Watt and
Kelvin.
10. Capitalize titles used before a persons name.
11. Capitalize only the first part of a compound title, as in Vice president.
12. Capitalize titles that show family relationships when the title is used with a
persons name or in direct address.
13. Capitalize titles of parents and relatives not preceded by a possessive word (such
as my).
14. Capitalize the major words in titles of books, plays, movies, newspapers, and
magazines.
15. Capitalize proper adjectives formed from proper nouns. Always capitalize the
prefix attached to a proper adjective.
Completion Questions
Select the word that best completes each sentence.
1. The reception will be held at the (vanderbilt, Vanderbilt) at 8:00 (p.m., P.M.).
2. The (Crab Nebula, crab nebula) star cluster was visible in the sky from our
(Balcony, balcony).
3. The childrens book (author, Author) was thrilled to win a (McArthur, MCArthur,
Mcarthur) Fellowship.
4. After the explosion, (I, i) quickly took cover.
5. The letter began (dear Ms. Snodgrass, Dear ms. Snodgrass, Dear Ms. Snodgrass).
6. The letter ended (Yours Very truly, yours very truly, Yours very truly,).
7. The (commencement, Commencement) speaker was Reggie Monsanto, (M.A.,
m.a.).
8. The bones dated back to 2,000 (b.C., B.C.).
9. We looked at apartments on Waverly (Blvd., blvd.). Smith (ste. Str., St.), and
Dorothy (Dr., dr.)
10. The lumber was 4 (FT, ft., Fte.) long.

CP2
THE VERB: TENSES
Here are the five different things we find out from a verb:
- Tense (when the action takes place: past, present, or future)
- Person (who or what experiences the action)
- Number (how many subjects act or receive the action)
- Mood (the attitude expressed toward the action)
- Voice (whether the subject acts or is acted upon: the active or passive voice)
1. Fill in the following chart with the the six forms for the verb to walk:
Tense
Present
Past
Future
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect

Simple
walk

Progressive
am/is/are walking

2. Read the following text. Underline the predicates and specify their tense,
aspect and voice.
Steve Jobs Was a Low-Tech Parent
When Steve Jobs was running Apple, he was known to call journalists to either pat
them on the back for a recent article or, more often than not, explain how they got it
wrong. I was on the receiving end of a few of those calls. But nothing shocked me
more than something Mr. Jobs said to me in late 2010 after he had finished chewing
me out for something I had written about an iPad shortcoming.
So, your kids must love the iPad? I asked Mr. Jobs, trying to change the subject. The
companys first tablet was just hitting the shelves. They havent used it, he told me.
We limit how much technology our kids use at home.
Im sure I responded with a gasp and dumbfounded silence. I had imagined the Jobss
household was like a nerds paradise: that the walls were giant touch screens, the din ing table was made from tiles of iPads and that iPods were handed out to guests like
chocolates on a pillow.
Nope, Mr. Jobs told me, not even close.
Since then, Ive met a number of technology chief executives and venture capitalists
who say similar things: they strictly limit their childrens screen time, often banning all
gadgets on school nights, and allocating ascetic time limits on weekends.
I was perplexed by this parenting style. After all, most parents seem to take the opposite approach, letting their children bathe in the glow of tablets, smartphones and
computers, day and night.

Verb

Tense

Aspect

Voice

3. Give the a) interrogative, b) negative form of the following sentence:

1. They speak English well.
2. John and Mary are playing with a big red-and white ball.
3. The little girl can write capital letters.
4. My friend is reading the newspaper now.
5. The book of grammar is on my desk.
6. Children like to play in the water.
7. I gave you my copybook last night.
8. These workers can build houses.
9. I saw your daughter at the concert last week.
10. They have got their lessons to do in the afternoon.
11. You go to the cinema every week.
12. Ann writes the exercises every day.
13. His brother bought a fountain-pen last week.
14. The travellers reached the village in the evening.
15. Mary and her husband live in the heart of the town.
16. The doctor returned to Bucharest by the ten oclock train.
17. Peter reads English books in the original.
18. Your neighbours go out of town on Sundays.
19. The teacher entered the classroom at eight oclock sharp.
20. You saw him cross the street.
Verb Tense and Time
- Use the two present forms (simple present, present progressive) to show events that
take place now.
- Use the six past forms (simple past, present perfect, past perfect, past progressive,
present perfect progressive, past perfect progressive) to show events that took place

before the present.

- Use the four future forms (simple future, future perfect, future progressive, future
perfect progressive) to show events that take place in the future.

4. Use the present tense continuous for the following verbs:

1. What (she, to do) now? She (to read) the newspaper.
2. All the boys (to play) football on the stadium.
3. What (the orchestra, to play)?
4. Mr Brown (to write) a letter now.
5. I (to open) all the windows of my room.
6. He (to shut) the front door.
7. Mary (not to learn) her English lesson; she (to sleep) now.
8. Where (you, to go) in such a hurry?
9. It (to rain) heavily.
10. (You, to read) todays newspaper?
11. Little Tommy (to eat) an ice-cream; his father (to smoke) a cigarette.
12. Marys sister (to look) out of the window at the people in the street.
5. Use the Past Tense, simple or continuous, for the following verbs:
1. He came in while I (to work).
2. What (you, to do) yesterday at this time?
3. William the Conqueror (to land) in England in 1066.
4. As he (to cross) the road, he slipped and fell.
5. My friend Tommy (to come) to see me yesterday.
6. When I came home, your dog (to sleep) in my armchair.
7. I lost my wrist-watch while I (to walk) through the garden.
8. I (to have) my breakfast when the bell rang.
9. My friend (to send) me some books the other day.

10. I (to know) him quite well when I was young.

6. Select the word that best completes each sentence.
1. Croatia (is, was) the first country to recognize the United States in 1776.
2. Ross Perot (resign, resigned, resigning) from the General Motors board of directors
because of its decision to purchase Hughes Aircraft Company.
3. John Wilkes Booth (shotted, shot, shooted) Lincoln in a theater and was found in a
warehouse.
4. Theodore Roosevelt (won, winned, wonned) the Nobel Prize for his arbitration of
treaty discussions at the end of the Russo-Japanese War.
5. The Dominican Republic was called Santo Domingo when it first (gained, gain)
independence.
6. The national anthem of the Netherlands is the oldest national anthem in the world:
The music (appeart, appeared) in 1572, the lyrics in 1590.
7. James Garfield could (wrote, write) Latin with one hand and Greek with the other
simultaneously.
8. Before Bill Clinton, no left-handed American president had ever (serve, served) two
terms.
9. Only three Presidents (have graduated, graduate) from the military academies:
Grant and Eisenhower from West Point, and Carter from Annapolis.
10. The U.S. Constitution stipulates that, to be eligible for the Presidency, a candidate
must be a natural-born citizen, must (have lived, live) in the United States for a
minimum of 14 years, and must be at least 35 years old.
11. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first U.S. president to have a presidential aircraft,
but he only (flewed, flew) on the airplane once, to travel to the Yalta conference
during World War II.
12. Of all U.S. presidents, none (live, lived) to be older than John Adams, who died at
the age of 91.
13. John Quincy Adams (taked, took) his last skinny-dip in the Potomac on his
seventyninth birthday.
14. All U.S. presidents (have worn, weared, have weared) glasses, but some of these
men didnt like to be seen wearing eyeglasses in public.
15. When Harry Truman left office in 1952, he (get, got) in his own car and (drived,
drove) himself back to Missouri.
7. Ask questions about the underlined parts in the following sentences:
a. The post arrives once a week.
b. Leo usually travels to work by train.
c. She reads detective novels mostly.
d. Jimmy spends his free time playing computer games.
e. The car belongs to John.
f. She is wearing a blue dress.
g. The waiters are pouring drinks.
h. Lady Morley is talking to her dog in Japanese.
i. Seven guests are sleeping in the kitchen.
j. The first act has just finished.
k. The curtains have shrunk.
l. The race hasnt started yet because of the rain.
m. They have accused him of murder.
n. Weve lived here all our lives.
o. We heard an explosion.
p. I found these cheap shoes in a little shop.

8. Choose the correct answer:

1. (Ai putea s-mi dai) the sugar?
a. Do you mind passing me
c. Do you mind to pass me

c. Would you mind passing me

d. Would you mind to pass me

2. George (nu obinuiete s bea) coffee for breakfast.

a. isnt used to drinking
c. doesnt use to drink
b. isnt used to drink
d. doesnt used to drinking
3. All the children (au fost obligai s bea) half a pint of milk before dinner.
a. were made drinking
c. were made drink
b. were made to drink
d. Were made to drinking
4. (De ce te mpotriveti cumprrii) a new computer for our office?
a. Why do you object to buy
c. Why do you object to buying
b. Why do you object we buy
d. Why do you object that we buy
5. Guess who was the first .
a. leave the room.
c. leaving the room.
c. to leave the room.
d. that left the room.
9. Translate into English:
1. Deseori ncep cte o carte i o las apoi neterminat, fiindc trebuie s lucrez mult la
englez i seara, cnd m apuc s citesc un roman ori o carte de nuvele ori ce altceva
mai gsesc, sunt obosit.
2. Vecinul meu pariaz rareori pe cai, aa c nu cred s iroseasc vreodat muli bani,
cu toate c muncete mult i ctig bine.
3. Ciobanul pe care-l cunosc i leag din cnd n cnd calul de copacul acela i vine
s-mi bat la u, fiindc mai ntotdeauna l poftesc s intre i-i ofer un pahar cu
limonad.
4. Are de gnd s te ntrebe dac mnnci ceva, iar eu intenionez s-i spun c un
adevrat vntor nu mnnc niciodat altceva dect vnat, ceea ce sunt sigur c nu
are i nici nu va putea face rost, chiar dac-i spui c mori de foame.
5. Doctorul este chemat n fiecare sear, dar azi e hotrt s apuce s doarm nainte
de a merge, ca de obicei, s flecreasc cu btrna doamn, care se plictisete de
singurtatea ei cnd se ntunec i trimite dup el de ndat ce apune soarele.
6. Cnd m duc s vorbesc cu el despre afaceri, mnnc tot timpul, aa c azi stau
acas; n-are dect s se trasc la picioarele mele nainte s m mai duc eu s-l vd
la ea acas, ori nu m crezi?
7. Niciodat-n viaa mea n-am condus un autobuz cu vitez aa de mare, drept care
nu trebuie s te mire dac nu respect semnele de circulaie.
8. Sora ei vitreg tocmai a czut de pe o stnc i s-a lovit la cot, dar a i sosit un
doctor s-o ngrijeasc.
9. Mai niciodat n-am locuit ntr-un apartament att de luxos, cu ap curent i
nclzire central i care a fost deja pltit de cineva de care nici n-am auzit.
10. N-am avut niciodat niciun regret c am renunat la chimie. Am studiat fizica i
am ajuns fizician priceput, ori cel puin aa sper.
11. Cei care au dus multe lupte la viaa lor au neles deja ce vreau s spun cnd zic
c am avut noroc c am trit la adpost, lipsit i de invidie i de mndrie.
12. Unde i-a ascuns dirijorul peruca i de cnd ine el publicul s-l atepte?

13. N-am nici cea mai vag idee de ce tocmai i s-a cerut locotenentului s pun masa,
fiindc vede toat lumea c masa a fost deja pus i soldaii lui au fost chiar dui n
formaie acolo s-i ia cina.
14. De ce a fost lsat singur judectorul, dac nu s hotrasc dac e vinovat
sergentul ori nu i s-l ntrebe pe acesta dac a minit tot timpul ori chiar a spus
adevrul?
15. Chelnerul a fost indus n eroare de hainele scumpe ale clientului lui i i-a ngduit
s plece i s se ntoarc cu banii pentru not mai trziu, ntruct cel din urm i-a
explicat c portofelul lui se afl n camer la hotel; clientul a plecat i pn n ziua de
azi chelnerul nici c l-a mai vzut.
16. Directorul colii l-a confundat pe portar cu gunoierul, i-a dat coul de hrtii i
i-a cerut s-l goleasc, dar portarul a fost att de jignit de greeal, nct i-a naintat
demisia pe loc.
17. Doctorul a trimis dup sor n vreme ce tu cumprai medicamentul, fiindc a zis
c nimeni nu tie s fac o injecie aa de bine ca sora.
18. Tablourile pictorului erau privite cu interes de vizitatori, care erau condui prin
muzeu de un savant mai n vrst cu ochi albatri i crora li se spunea c acelea sunt
cele mai bune picturi din lume.
19. Ce carte te atepi s aduc de vineri ntr-o sptmn i de ce nu mi-ai spus mai
devreme c vrei s vin la coal ntr-o zi cnd m ateptam s fiu liber?
20. Omul de tiin purtase cma cenuie cu mult nainte s ajung la mod i fu
amrt cnd toi ncepur s poarte i el trebui s-o schimbe, ca s arate altfel dect
ei.
21. Fizicianul ctigase deja premiul Nobel cnd s-a retras din grupul vostru, fiindc
lucrai la ceva ce dura de prea mult vreme.
22. Matematicianul tocmai i ntorsese ceasul i era gata s plece-n ora cnd gsi un
juctor de fotbal alergnd prin grdin i clcndu-i n picioare straturile de flori.
23. A spus c-i ajunge ct a muncit, c tunde iarba din fraged copilrie, c vrea s
vad lumea, aa c a plecat ntr-un tur al lumii i acum viziteaz Frana.
24. A fcut o mare greeal atunci cnd a mrturisit c fur stilouri de ani de zile i c
a fost prins de poliie cam din dou n dou luni, dar acum nevasta lui l-a iertat i l-a
fcut s promit c nu mai fur i se poart frumos.
25. Sptmna viitoare pe vremea asta se va fi aflat n spital de o lun, de cnd a
ncasat-o, fiindc n-a ascultat de ordinele directorului de a nu juca fotbal n timpul
orelor.
26. nainte s ajungi s m cunoti, el i va fi spus c una gndesc i alta vorbesc; te
avertizez c aa face mereu i nu vreau s existe vreo nenelegere.
27. Pn s-mi spun el c prea ntind coarda, l voi fi rugat s-mi mprumute o sum
mare de bani i, dac am noroc, o s mi-o dea pe loc.
28. Mama lui vitreg a promis c va trece la subiect de ndat ce va sosi toat lumea,
dar nu nainte, fiindc nu voia s trebuiasc s spun aceleai lucruri de dou ori.
29. Doctorul a hotrt c va locui n Frana n urmtoarele cinci sptmni.
30. Arheologul a afirmat c va lucra ca profesor universitar tot restul vieii lui.
31. Ascult concertul acesta de cnd a nceput s ning, de la apte, i sunt sigur c
emisiunea muzical a nceput de mult, dar n-am avut timp s deschid radioul pn
acum, fiindc trebuie s exersez zilnic la pian.
32. Dac n-ai vzut nc piesa aceea, du-te ct mai curnd. George a vzut-o
alaltieri i zice c erau acolo o mulime de oameni i c n-a mai vzut o pies aa de
bun.
34. Cnd te-ai ntors de la gar? Atept aici de mai bine de o or i nu te-am vzut
venind. Te ntorci deseori aa de trziu acas cnd te duci acolo?
35. Deseneaz case de cnd era copil; de fapt, tot timpul deseneaz, chiar i cnd
vorbeti cu el. Cnd l-am cunoscut, lucra ca arhitect din ziua cnd a absolvit liceul.

CP3&4
DIRECT INDIRECT / REPORTED SPEECH (SEQUENCE OF TENSES)
- In indirect speech you always need a reporting verb, e.g. say, tell, narrate, offer,
promise, threaten, ask, answer, etc.
1. Turn the following dialogues into indirect speech.
a.
Two strangers in a first-class railway carriage had got into friendly conversation. The
windows had just been let down and the chatter turned to the subject of ventilation.
I make it, said one of the passengers, an invariable practice to advise people to
sleep with their bedroom windows open all the year round.
I realize you are a doctor, laughed the other.
Not alt all, was the confidential reply. To tell you the truth, strictly between
ourselves, I am a burglar.
b.
Hello, Robert, I said. Did you come in to cheer me up?
Would you like to go to South America, Jake? he asked.
No.
Why not?
I don't know. I never wanted to go. Too expensive. You can see all the South Americans you want in Paris
anyway.
They're not the real South Americans.
They look awfully real to me.
I had a boat train to catch with a week's mail stories, and only half of them written.
Do you know any dirt? I asked.
No.
None of your exalted connections getting divorces?
No; listen, Jake. If I handled both our expenses, would you go to South America with
me?
Why me?
You can talk Spanish. And it would be more fun with two of us.
No, I said, I like this town and I go to Spain in the summertime.
All my life I've wanted to go on a trip like that, Cohn said. He sat down. I'll be too
old before I can ever do it.
(E. Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises)
3. Translate into English:
1. Povestitorul conchise c a fcut cinste colegilor lui scriitori cnd i-a publicat
autobiografia, unde a descris viaa literar a anilor 1930 i a repovestit vieile tuturor
prietenilor lui.
2. Clientul avocatului i ddu seama c de trei ore se face de rs, de cnd a intrat n
biroul avocatului i a nceput s-i spun c s-a hotrt, a fcut deja prea multe
greeli, e hotrt s divoreze, chiar dac nevasta lui e siren.
3. Minerul presupunea c se plimb cam de dou ore i jumtate dar, dei tare ar fi
luat un autobuz, hotr c nc n-a slbit destul i fcu tot drumul pn acas pe jos.
4. Sergentul mrturisi c i s-au oferit dou ngheate dac promite s nu spun nimic
despre ceea ce tocmai a vzut.
5. Spionul a repetat c nepoatele lui au fost trimise n absena lui la coal, exact
aa cum a zis nora lui.
6. Mesagerul promise c o s mearg pe vrfuri pn la fotoliul btrnului i o s-i
opteasc la ureche mesajul.

10

7. Danezul rspunse c va fi primit de primul-ministru.

8. Egipteanul a declarat c prietenul lui va fi trimis acas cu maina.
9. Francezul ndjduia c i se va preda engleza.
10. Grecul se ntreb cui o s i se decerneze n acel an premiul Nobel.
THE ACTIVE AND THE PASSIVE VOICE
- A verb is active when the subject performs the action.
e.g. We took the package home.
- A verb is passive when its action is performed upon the subject.
e.g. The package was taken home.
4. Turn the following sentences to the passive voice:
1. The family gave him a very nice present on his birthday.
2. The boy finished his lessons at about seven oclock.
3. Somebody found my gloves in the garden.
4. We must plan our work carefully.
5. The student told the details of his examination to his friend.
6. The tailor told him that his suit would be ready in a week.
7. He took them for a drive to the lakes surrounding Bucharest.
8. They built this house over two hundred years ago.
9. The committee have approved the plans for the building of a new district.
10. The audience was attentively listening to the speaker.
11. The postman gave me two letters this morning.
12. Did Jack eat all the apples?
13. The wind shook the trees.
14. Did Tommy open the bag?
15. Mary will sing a new song.
16. The men were cutting down the trees.
17. The gardener was picking the flowers.
18. The cook was preparing the food.
19. They had finished their game before noon.
20. The gardener is cutting the grass.
5. Change the voice of the verbs in the following sentences without changing
the meaning of the sentences.
1. Hrothgar, king of Danes, built a magnificent hall, named Heorot.
2. Heorot was visited by a terrible monster, named Grendel.
3. Grendel killed thirty of the sleeping Danes and carried their bodies away.
4. This scourge afflicted the Danes for twelve years.
5. Beowulf heard of Grendels deeds.
6. Fourteen companions were selected by Beowulf.
7. Beowulf asked permission to save Heorot, killing this monster.
8. Until darkness came, the thanes of Hrothgar and the followers of Beowulf drank
mead.
9. Songs were sung by the gleeman.
10. Hrothgars queen served mead to her lord and to Beowulf.
11. The king, queen and their followers left the mead-hall for the night.
12. The coming of Grendel was awaited by Beowolfs men.
13. Grendel devoured one of Beowulfs men.
14. Grendel was seized by Beowulf, who had the strength of thirty men in his
handgrip.

11

15. Beowulf caused the death of Grendel by wrenching the monsters arm from its
socket.
6. Choose the correct answer:
1. Which of the following sentences is in the active voice?
(a) Plans for an assisted-living center were revealed by the city council at yesterdays
meeting.
(b) The package was opened by my cousin Louie.
(c) At noon, the gates to the stadium were finally opened.
(d) A snail can sleep for three years.
2. Which of the following sentences is in the passive voice?
(a) The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
(b) A dentist invented the electric chair.
(c) You share your birthday with at least nine million other people in the world.
(d) You are more likely to be killed by a champagne cork than by a poisonous spider.
3. You should use the active voice whenever possible for all the following reasons except
(a) It creates a sentence that is direct and to the point.
(b) It creates a shorter sentence and is thus easier to read.
(c) It emphasizes the receiver of the action rather than the doer of the action.
(d) It emphasizes the doer of the action rather than the receiver of the action.
7. Translate into English:
1. Mi se arta casa cnd s-a stins lumina.
2. Se fcea focul n timp ce Cenureasa sttea acolo n picioare i tremura.
3. Dirijorul nu tia ce se putea face n legtur cu oarecii.
4. L-am ntrebat pe juctorul de bridge de ce a fost nvinuit i mi-a rspuns c i-a fost
pus n crc ceva ce n-a fcut niciodat.
5. Cartea pe care o citeai fusese mprumutat de la o bibliotec vestit, care nu ddea
cri cu mprumut mai mult de zece zile.
6. Pacientul fusese bine ngrijit, dar se plngea c nu-i place salonul i vrea s plece
din spital ct mai curnd, chiar nainte s se nsntoeasc.
7. Nuvela fusese pe larg comentat de muli critici literari, care o citiser i o gsiser
a fi cea mai slab pe care o scrisese vreodat autorul ei.
8. Poemul va fi fost discutat n aceast revist literar nainte s trebuiasc s-l
analizezi pentru examen.
9. Pedeapsa va fi fost hotrt pn vin martorii s depun mrturie.
10. Familia ta a spus c ideea ta va fi dezaprobat, aa c mai bine te-ai rzgndi.
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
7. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
a) I wish I bought that old house.
b) I'd rather you don't eat all the bread
c) It's time I go
d) I wish I own a motorbike
e) I wish we are not leaving in the morning
f) Sue would rather reading than watching television.
g) Come what comes, I'll be on your side
h) I hope it would stop raining
i) I'd prefer if you didn't wait

12

j) I wish I didn't listen to you before

8. Fill in the following sentences with the appropriate verbal forms:
a) I'd rather you (not/watch) television while I'm reading.
b) It's high time you (start) working seriously.
c) I wish I (spend) more time swimming last summer.
d) Helen is bossy. She acts as if she (own) the place.
e) I wish you (not/keep) .. coming late to class.
f) Suppose a complete stranger (leave) . you a lot of money in their
will!
g) I wish I (go) to your party after all.
h) I'd rather you (sit) next to Susan, please.
i) The government demanded that the ambassador (be) recalled.
j) You are lucky going to Italy. I wish I (go) .. with you.
10. Translate into English:
1. E de necrezut c vindea vin cnd i-ai fcut o vizit la cinci dimineaa.
2. E recomandabil s treci la subiect, fiindc toi ateapt s aud ce crezi despre ce
s-a ntmplat aici deunzi.
3. E de necrezut c plnge, cnd tie c nu se mai poate schimba nimic, ntruct
greeala pe care a fcut-o a ajuns cunoscut tuturor.
4. E interesant c se plimbau cnd te-ai ntlnit cu ei, fiindc au zis c niciodat nu
vor merge la plimbare pe vreme ploioas.
5. Nu i se pare greu de crezut c aceast carte a fost scris n Evul Mediu?
6. M ateptam de la el s aleag s stea n Monte Carlo, chiar dac tim cu toii c sa nscut n Grecia.
7. Mi se pare o neruinare s-mi spui c banca poate da oricnd faliment, cnd tii c
toi banii mei sunt depui acolo i, dac-i pierd, trebuie s m mut din casa aceasta
costisitoare i s i-o las ie.
8. I-am spus c e normal s doarm cnd o s vin eu, fiindc aveam de gnd s m
ntorc foarte trziu i nu-i cazul s stea treaz s m atepte.
9. Insist s te dai la o parte, fiindc stai n drum.
10. Adolescentul e incapabil de crim i vor fi adui martori, ca s depun mrturie
pentru nevinovia lui.
Homework 1: Choose twenty lines of dialogue from an English novel (specify
the title) and turn them into reported speech with the reported verb in the
past.
CP5
TEST
CONDITIONALS
1. Fill in the following sentences with the appropriate verbal forms.
1. If the company offered me the job, I think I (take) it.
2. Im sure Liz will lend you some money. I would be very surprised if she
(refuse)
3. Many people would be out of work if that factory . (close) down.
4. If she sold her car, she (not/get) much money for it.

13

5. Theyre expecting us. They would be disappointed if we ..

(not/come).
6. Would George be angry if I . (take) his bicycle without asking?
7. Ann gave me this ring. She .. (be) terribly upset if I lost it.
8. If someone . (walk) in here with a gun, Id be very frightened.
9. What would happen if you . (not/go) to work tomorrow?
10. Im sure she (understand) if you explained the situation to her.
11. If I (know) her number, I would call her.
12. I (not/buy) that coat if I were you.
13. I ..(give) you a cigarette if I had one, but Im afraid I dont.
14. This soup would taste better if it .. (have) more salt in it.
15. If you . (not/go) to bed so late every night, you wouldnt be so
tired all the time.
16. I wouldnt mind living in England if the weather .. (be) better.
17. If I were you, I . (not/marry) him.
18. We would gladly buy that house if it (not/be) so small.
19. Id help you if I (can), but Im afraid I cant.
20. She (leave) on holiday if she had enough money.
21. If I . (know) that you were sick last week, Id have gone to see you.
22. Tom . (not/take) the exam if he had known that it would be so
difficult.
23. Jim got to the bus stop in time. If he (miss) the bus, he would
have been late for his interview.
24. Its good that Ann reminded me about Toms birthday. I . (forget) if
she hadnt reminded me.
25. We might not have stayed at this hotel if Debbie (not/recommend) it
to us.
26. Id have sent you a postcard while I was on vacation if I
(have) your address.
2. Translate into English:
1. Acum te-ai plimba prin Paris dac plecai ieri cu avionul.
2. Nu i-ar fi de niciun folos dac ai ncepe s te plngi efului c ai fcut greeli
de dactilografiere.
3. Dac i-ai pune prea multe ntrebri personale, sunt sigur c i-ar spune foarte
curnd c cine tie multe mbtrnete repede.
4. Vipera te muca dac o atingeai.
5. Cum traversa cmila deertul dac nu era arabul?
6. Cangurul ar fi mncat ieri toat ziua dac avea destul hran.
7. Gilbert ar lua-o pe jos, dac ar fi pierdut trenul.
8. Godfrey ar fi acum la u deja, dac l-ai fi chemat.
9. Grace ar umbla toat ziua s te caute, dac nu-i spuneai c o s pleci dou
sptmni.
10. Mihai nu drma casa, dac nu era scit de nevasta lui.
11. Miranda ar fi murit de fric, dac ar fi vzut umbre furindu-se de-a lungul
mesei lungi de lemn.
3. Underline the conditionals in the following fragments and translate them
into English:
Dac v hotri s mergei, m duc i eu cu voi i m duc cu toat inima, cu tot sufletul, cu toat dragostea mame care ncearc norocul copilului ieit n lume.

14

Duminic n zori btrna primenea copiii, se gtea de srbtoare, mai ddea o rait
prin mprejur, ca s vad dac n adevr toate sunt bine, apoi se urca n teleag.
i dac lumea zice c locurile de lng Moara cu noroc sunt rele, n-ai fi avut dect s-l
ntrebi pe vreunul dintre smdi, i el i-ar fi putut spune pentru ce nu sunt bune i
cine le primejduiete
Dac Lic ar fi fost alt om, el n-ar fi sttut aa cu privirea pierdut n vnt, ci s-ar fi
bucurat de vederea femeii frumoase, care-l privea oarecum pierdut i speriat de
brbia nfirii lui.
Au plecat s vad o pdure, pe care voiam s o lum de la toamn pentru turme, i
nu tiu acum dac au trecut naintea mea, ori e s-i atept aici.
El se duce s trguiasc, i dac vine n urma lui altul, care din ntmplare voiete s
cumpere tot acele pduri, i eu spun c Lic a trecut pe aici, acest al doilea cumprtor grbete, sosete la vreme i poate s-i strice trgul.
(Ioan Slavici, Moara cu noroc)
Homework 2: Extract 10 structures including all the types of conditional
clauses from an English novel/short story (specify the title), and then
translate them into Romanian.
CP6
PARTS OF SPEECH (other than the verb)
- A noun is a word that names a person, place, or thing.
- Adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns.
- Adverbs are words that describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
- Conjunctions connect words or groups of words and show how the words are
related. There are three kinds of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions (for, and,
nor, but, or, yet, so), correlative conjunctions (both . . .and, either . . . or, etc.) and
subordinating conjunctions (after, as, since, though, etc.).
- Prepositions link a noun or a pronoun following it to another word in the sentence.
- A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or another pronoun. Pronouns help you
avoid unnecessary repetition in your writing and speech. A pronoun gets its meaning
from the noun it stands for.
1. List four types of pronouns.
2. What are the following items?

yours
its
their
whose

..
youre
its
theyre
whos

3. True-False Questions
1. A noun names a person, place, or thing.
2. Common nouns name any one of a class of person, place, or thing.

15

3. Proper nouns name a specific person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are never
capitalized.
4. Plural nouns show ownership.
5. Verbs express action, condition, or state of being.
6. Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns.
7. Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
8. All adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an adjective.
9. Prepositions link a verb to another word.
10. A pronoun gets its meaning from the noun it stands for. The noun is called the
antecedent.
11. Conjunctions connect words or groups of words.
12. Many adjectives are formed by adding -ly to an adverb.
13. Some words can be either adjectives or adverbs, depending on how they are used
in a sentence.
14. The only reliable way to tell the difference between an adjective and an adverb is
to memorize a list of words.
15. The base form of the adjective or adverb not being used in a comparison is called
the positive degree.
16. The form of an adjective or adverb being used to compare two things is the superlative degree.
17. The form of the adjective or adverb being used to compare three or more things is
the comparative degree.
18. To show comparison in most cases, use -er/-est with one- and two-syllable adjectives or adverbs.
19. When an adjective or adverb has three or more syllables, use more and most or
less and least to form the comparative and superlative degrees.
20. Under certain conditions, you can use both -er and more or -est and most with the
same modifier.
21. All adverbs that end in -ly form their comparative and superlative degrees with
more and most.
22. The phrase most smoothly is in the superlative degree.
23. All adjectives and adverbs have irregular forms.
24. The superlative form of bad is baddest.
25. The superlative form of far is furthest.
26. Good is always an adjective.
27. Well is an adverb used to describe good health.
28. Well is an adjective used to describe anything but health.
29. Use the comparative degree (-er or more) to compare two things.
30. Use the superlative form (-est or most) to compare three or more things.
31. Fewer refers to items that cant be counted.
32. Less refers to amounts that can be counted.
33. Using two negative words in the same clause (group of words) creates a double
negative, which should be avoided.
34. Hardly is not a negative word.
35. To create overstatement, you can use a word with a negative prefix and another
negative word.
4. Multiple-Choice Questions
Identify the part of speech for the underlined word in each sentence.
1. The outside of the boat needs scraping.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition

16

2. You should scrape the boat without outside help.

(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
3. Lets sit outside and laugh at you as you work in the blazing sun.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
4. The ambulance is parked right outside the yard, next to the beehive.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
5. The politician repented of his past mistakes.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
6. Turn right past the store with the neon sign in the window.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
7. Did you hear that song before?
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Preposition
8. Always follow through with what you start.
(a) Noun
(c) Adverb
(b) Conjunction
(d) Preposition
9. The remark went right through one ear and out the other.
(a) Noun
(c) Conjunction
(b) Adjective
(d) Prepositio
10. The gardener mowed the lawn after he reread Lady Chatterlys Lover.
(a) Conjunction
(c) Adverb
(b) Adjective
(d) Prepositio
5. Completion Questions. Select the word that best completes each sentence.
1. The elevator in my sisters apartment moves so (slowly, slow) we can make
whoopee, conceive a child, and give birth before reaching her floor. And her apartment
is on the first floor.
2. China has (most, more) English speakers than the United States.
3. The (longer, longest) town name in the world has 167 letters.
4. Ive learned that you shouldnt compare yourself to the (better, best) others can do.
5. Ive learned that two people can look at the exact same thing and see something
(total, totally) different.
6. Every day (most, more) money is printed for Monopoly than for the U.S. Treasury.
7. My friend Fred is not the (brightest, brighter) light on the Ferris wheel.
8. If everything seems to be going (good, well), you have obviously overlooked something.
9. The grass is always (more greener, greener) when you leave the sprinkler on.
10. The (longer, longest) recorded flight of a chicken is 13 seconds.
11. The average person is about a quarter of an inch (tall, taller, tallest) in the morning.
12. The Neanderthals brain was (big, bigger, biggest) than yours is.
13. Your right lung takes in (more, most) air than your left lung does.
14. Womens hearts beat (fast, faster, fastest) than mens hearts.
15. There are (more, most) plastic flamingos in America than real ones.
16. Each day is 0.00000002 seconds (long, longer, longest) than the one before because the Earth is gradually slowing down.
17. The total weight of all insects on Earth is 12 times (more great, greater, greatest,
most greatest) than the weight of all the people on Earth.

17

18. There are more than three million lakes in Alaska. The (large, larger, largest),
Lake Iliamna, is the size of Connecticut.
19. When North America was first settled, beavers there grew (bigger, biggest) than
bears.
20. The (bright, brighter, brightest) star in the sky, Sirius, gives out 26 times as much
light as the Sun.
21. The (older, oldest) national flag still in existence, that of Denmark, dates back to
the thirteenth century.
22. The ashes of the metal magnesium are (more heavier, heavier) than magnesium
itself.
23. Murphys Oil Soap is the chemical (more, most) commonly used to clean elephants.
24. If things get any (worse, worst), Ill have to ask you to stop helping me.
25. How much (deep, deeper, deepest) would the ocean be if sponges didnt grow in
it?
26. Nothing in the known universe travels (more fast, more faster, faster) than a bad
check.
27. Did you hear about my new boyfriend? Hes not the (sharper, sharpest) tool in the
shed.
28. Good advice: Love (deep, deeply) and (most passionate, passionately). You might
get hurt, but its the only way to live life completely
29. Talk (slow, slowly) but think (quick, quickly).
6. Multiple-Choice Questions. Choose the best answer to each question.
1. Adjectives are modifiers that describe a
(a) Noun or verb
(c) Noun or pronoun
(b) Pronoun or adverb
(d) Verb or preposition
2. Adverbs are modifiers that describe all the following words except
(a) Verbs
(c) Adjectives
(b) Pronouns
(d) Adverbs
3. Each of the following is a degree of comparison except
(a) Positive
(c) Superlative
(b) Comparative
(d) Negative
4. What is the comparative form of popular?
(a) Popularest
(c) Most popular
(b) Popular
(d) More popular
5. The comparative and superlatives forms of ill are
(a) Worse, most worse
(c) worse, worst
(b) Worster, worstest
(d) More ill, most ill
6. The comparative and superlatives forms of many and much are
(a) Double comparisons
(c) Regular
(b) Many, more
(d) Identical
7. Which is the best revision of the following sentence?
My brothers CD collection is larger than my sons.
(a) My brothers CD collection is larger than my sons CD collection.
(b) My brothers CD collection is large than my sons CD.
(c) My brothers CD collection is largest than my sons CD.
(d) My brothers CD collection is more larger than my sons CD collection.
8. All the following are negative words except
(a) Scarcely
(c) Did
(b) Hardly
(d) nt
9. Which is the best revision of the following sentence?

18

Which of the twins writes gooder?

(a) Which of the twins writes best?
(b) Which of the twins writes better?
(c) Which of the twins writes good?
(d) Which of the twins writes more better?
10. Which of the following words best completes the sentence?
Mr. Big is willing to cooperate than his attitude suggests.
(a) Less
(c) Leastest
(b) Least
(d) Lesser
11. Which is the best revision of the following sentence?
Two can live most cheaply than one.
(a) Two can live cheaply than one.
(b) Two can live moster cheaply than one.
(c) Two can live more cheaply than one.
(d) Two can live mostest cheaply than one.
12. Which of the following sentences is not correct?
(a) Nico could not see in the gloomy night.
(b) Nico could not hardly see in the gloomy night.
(c) Nico could barely see in the gloomy night.
(d) Nico had difficult seeing clearly in the gloomy night.
7. Correct all errors in agreement in the following paragraph.
A wife are complaining about her husband spending all his time at the local tavern, so
one night he take her along with him.
Whatll ya have? he ask.
Oh, I dont know. The same as you, I suppose, she reply.
So the husband order a couple of Jack Daniels and gulp his down in one go.
His wife watch him, then take a sip from her glass and immediately spit it out.
Yuck, it tastes awful, worse than awful! she splutter. I dont know how you can
drink this stuff!
Well, there you goes, cry the husband. And you thinks Im out enjoying myself
every night!
8. Translate into English:
1. Fratele meu mai mare e mai mare ca mine.
2. E mult mai simplu s pleci acum.
3. E mult mai complicat s citeti tot.
4. E la fel de greu s scrii ori s citeti.
5. E mai puin interesant s vii cu mine.
6. Romanul tu nu e la fel de scump ca al meu.
7. Eti din ce n ce mai gras.
8. E din ce n ce mai nalt.
9. Cu ct o citeti mai mult, cu att vei ti poezia mai bine.
10. Drumul acesta e mult mai lung dect cellalt.
11. Cel mai lung roman este cel de pe raft.
12. Romanul meu e mai slab dect al tu, dar al lui e cel mai slab dintre toate.
13. Am nevoie de informaii suplimentare nainte s plec mai departe.
14. Care e mai mare dintre cei doi frai?
15. Am doi prieteni, Jack i Jim: cel dinti e pilot, cel de-al doilea e ofer.
16. Tocmai mi-a dat ultima lui carte.
17. Ultimul lui cuvnt nu s-a auzit.
18. Urmtorul, v rog.
19. Cu ct nvei mai mult, cu att tii mai mult. Cu ct tii mai mult, cu att uii.

19

20. Cei mai n vrst ca tine tiu mai bine.

CP7

REVISION

1. Fill in the spaces with the adequate verbal forms. Explain your choice.
1. The children usually ........... a lot of noise.
a. do
c. have made
b. make
d. have done
2. It ........... all the summer.
a. has been raining
b. were raining

c. was raining
d. is raining

3. Ive been to Paris ............

a. So did I.
b. Neither did I.

c. Neither have I.
d. So have I.

4. This bridge ........... at present.

a. is reconstructing
b. is being reconstructed

c. has been reconstructed

d. was reconstructed

5. Mary ........... at the poker table for two hours now.

a. was sitting
c. has sat
b. has been sitting
d. will sit
6. Somebody ........... here since all the food has been eaten.
a. must be
c. must been
b. would have to be
d. must have been
7. ........... the new Polanski film?
a. Have you seen
b. Have you looked

c. Had you seen

d. Did you see

8. I must be mad ............

a. So am I.
b. Neither must I.

c. So must I
d. So did I

9. I cant be ........... nothing.

a. to do
b. being done

c. doing
d. to be done

10. She was cooking when the wind ........... the kitchen window.
a. has opened
c. had opened
b. was opening
d. opened
11. ........... it rain last summer?
a. Was
b. Did

c. Has
d. Had

12. I havent tried this ............

20

a. Neither did I.
b. Neither have I.

c. So have I.
d. So didnt I.

13. I ........... this book for an hour now.

a. was reading
c. am reading
b. have been reading
d. read
14. Many new houses ........... these days in Romania.
a. were built
c. were being built
b. are being built
d. are building
15. He ........... in bed yesterday, and instead went for a party. He is much worse
today.
a. would have stayed
c. should have stayed
b. could have stayed
d. shouldnt have stayed
16. ........... this sort of work before?
a. Have you ever done
c. Had you ever done
b. Will you ever do
d. What have you done
17. When John ........... down he fell and broke his leg.
a. has gone
c. has been going
b. is going
d. was going
18. I didnt go to work yesterday. ........... did I.
a. Too
c. Either
b. Also
d. Neither
19. They kept on ........... although the film had already started.
a. to talk
c. talk
b. talking
d. having talked
20. My grandfather ........... to hospital last night.
a. took
c. is taken
b. has been taken
d. was taken
2. Fill in the spaces with the adequate verbal forms.
a) I don't like this restaurant, I wish we (go) to the Taj Mahal'.
b) It's time something .. (do) about this problem.
c) The late Prime Minister is said (be) difficult to work with.
d) That was lucky! If I . (catch) this bus, I .. (meet) you.
e) Your order . (deal) with at the moment.
f) But for Pauline, I (not/pass) the exam.
g) All dishes (serve) with French fries and a green salad.
h) The house is thought to . (sell) recently for a million pounds.
i) If only I .. (study) more when I was at school.
j) If I were (tell) you where the treasure is, what would you do?
k) If I .. (know) that you (arrive) on that train, I . (come) to
meet you.
l) I wish you .. (not/eat) all the food! I'm hungry!
m) Be careful! If you .. (tease) the cat it .. (scratch) you!
n) Thanks very much! If you . (not/help) me, we .
(not/finish) the work so quickly.
o) Hurry up, or all the best seats .. (take).

21

p) What a shame that it (decide) to cancel the school play!

q) Carol now wishes she .. (marry) in a church.
r) If it . (not/be) for you, I (still/be) in prison today!
s) Unfortunately, tomorrow's match .. (call off).
t) Sam ........... (not/receive) the parcel the last time I ...............................
(speak) to him.
u) I ............. (consider) buying a house but now I ............ (change) my mind.
v) When you .......................... (feel) hungry, room service ..............................
(bring) you whatever you want.
x) I .................................. (find) it difficult to convince the ticket inspector that
I..................... (lose) my ticket, but he believed me in the end.
y) Ever since I ................................. (be) a young child, I ....................... (die) to
meet you.
z) As soon as I .......................... (have) a look at the designs, I......................
(send) them to you. You'll get them by Friday.
3. Which of the following underlined expressions are correct? Correct them.
a) Will you be seeing Rob Jones tomorrow? I wonder if you could give him a message
from Sally Gordon? .....
b) I had a great time in the Greek Islands. We would rent a small boat and go fishing
every day. ....................................
c) Julie, hi! I've been hoping I'd see you. I've got some good news! ..................
d) We had a terrible time looking after your dog. It was constantly chasing the cats
next door ...................
e) We had a lovely time in Madrid. Every day we were exploring the city, and in the
evening we were going to exciting bars. .....................................
f) The steam engine is usually thought of as a relatively modern invention, but the
Greeks had built a kind of steam engine in ancient times ...................
g) I felt rather worried. It was growing darker and colder, and there was still no sign
of the rescue helicopter ...................
h) Don't worry! All we have to do is wait here until someone will find us.
i) This meat is really tasting awful! Are you quite sure it was fresh?
4. Fill in each space with one appropriate word.
Some people always have good advice to give you, but only after the event. You
. (1) have come across the type, who somehow always know what you
(2) have done when it has become too late. By now I . (3)
spot them a mile off. It (4) be because I have had so much practice.
Last week, for example, I (5) to take my car to the garage because the
lights weren't working. It was an expensive job, but I decided that I .. (6)
as well pay, and get it over quickly. 'You (7) have told me,' said a
friend when I was telling him how much I .. (8) to pay. 'I . (9)
easily have fixed it for you. Then you . (10) not have wasted so much
money.' You (11) imagine how I felt! Actually, he . (12)
probably have made a mess of the job, and I . (13) well have ended up
paying more. But it does seem strange that everyone else . (14) know
exactly what I . (15) to do.

5. Fill in each sentence with the appropriate form of the word in parentheses.
In some cases you may need to use the negative form.

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a) But I only lent you the book this morning! You .. (finish) it
already!
b) I don't know who phoned, but I suppose it . (might) Sophia.
c) Strange (seem), Harry has never been to London.
d) Never (see) a more boring film!
e) I told you we would miss the train! We .. (leave) earlier!
f) I was just thinking about you. It's strange that . (should) phoned me!
g) Try (might), I just can't understand how this computer works!
h) Seldom .. (snow/fall) here in winter, even when it is very cold.
i) It rained every day on my holiday in France, so I .. (need) the suntan
lotion after all!
j) Well, I thought the food was awful. It (can) the same restaurant you
went to.
6. Rephrase the following sentences without changing their meaning.
a) They started writing to each other five years ago.
They have .
b) Its a pity she didnt bring her brother along.
I wish
c) I thought it would be better than that.
Its not
d) You must be more polite to your teachers.
Its ..
e) He was too far away to hear me.
It was .
f) They made her wait for three hours at the border.
She was ..
g) Mikes bicycle was stolen from the school yard.
Mike had .
h) I have the impression that he is telling the truth.
He seems
i) I havent ridden a horse since the war.
The last
j) You shouldnt be here.
You are
k) The garden party was great fun in spite of rain.
Although .
l) They didnt speak a word.
Not
7. Translate into English:
1. Franuzoaica nu tia ce am de gnd s fac.
2. Finlandezul zise c citete de ore ntregi.
3. Ploua. Ploua de zile ntregi.
4. Dac egipteanul era srac, nu avea bani.
5. Dac voia, danezul i ntindea mna vrului lui de-al doilea.
6. Mcar dac se inea chinezul strns de balustrad.
7. Mai bine sttea albanezul acas.
8. Trebuia s faci cum a zis algerianul.
9. Canadianul ar veni, dac ar fi rugat.
10. A veni, dar nu pot.
11. Indonezianul se atepta s tii de cstorie.
12. Iranianul a propus s plecm, fiindc eram prea muli.
13. Dac tiam cine eti, te ddeam afar.

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14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Mereu vine coreeanul i-mi pune ntrebri dis-de-diminea.

Veneai, dac tiai?
Armeanul citea de dou ore cnd l-am chemat.
Leul se juca. Se juca de mult vreme cnd s-a pornit ploaia.
Chelnerul zicea c a uitat.
Dac am pleca cu toii?
Mai bine ai veni i tu.

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