Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
in Grammar Land
The king of Grammar Land was devastated. Without the princesses, the
great culture and perfect English of Grammar Land might be lost forever.
The king immediately enacted a plan to rescue the twelve princesses and
return them to their rightful home.
Although the king was resolute in his plan to rescue the princesses, he
was in despair. He wondered aloud, Who in Grammar Land will be brave
enough to accept such a dangerous quest to rescue the princesses? Great
riches and noble titles shall be bestowed upon all men who are brave
enough to help! To aid in the quest, the king turned to the faithful and
brave families of Grammar Land, including legendary grammar crusader
Professor Hoho and his heroic Grammar Knights.
Each word family has a colorful set of combined symbols that shows their favorite family animals,
their family motto and other details, including their favorite family colors. These symbols, combined
into a single image, are known as a family crest. These crests can tell you the function of a word
family, and they are really cute as well!
Before we talk about which knights you often find in sentence groups, lets take a look at the crests
of each family. The following are the beautiful crests of the four Major word families. Arent they
adorable?
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The Verbs
go
get
like
dig
operate
write
draw
walk
grow
start
drive
...
The Verbs are masters of action. They describe
an action, state or occurrence. The Verbs
usually function as Sir Verb in a sentence.
However, they can also be transformed into
Nouns, Adjectives and Adverbs.
The Adjectives
good
cool
happy
honest
many
royal
blue
magical
natural
true
smart
...
The Adjectives are masters of description.
As describing words, the Adjectives usually
work to qualify (modify) Nouns and Noun
Phrases, giving information or detail to
them.
The Nouns
name
picture
food
cloth
building
car
train
bag
beauty
book
beer
...
The Adverbs
well
happily
honestly
fortunately
greatly
soon
very
often
however
therefore
...
The Adverbs are masters of modification.
They can modify Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns,
other Adverbs or even clauses, phrases and
sentences. The Adverbs express manner,
place, time, frequency, degree, level of
certainty, etc.
Story#001: The Ten Different Word Families of Grammar Land
Well, those are the crests for the Major word families! Dont you want to know more about what they
do and who they are? Dont worry! Well talk about the families, individual knights and the small
and/or big word groups one by one later in this book.
Now, lets move on to the Minor families. Unlike the four Major word families, the six Minor word
families are closed, which means people from other families cannot join the families and become
members of them.
Even though the name minor makes these families sound less important than major ones, these
traditional and more conservative families have their own special and important qualities and
functions. Here are their family crests with brief descriptions of their family values:
the Auxiliary Verbs, the Pronouns, the Prepositions, the Articles, the Conjunctions
and the Interjections
The Pronouns
may
will
would
should
must
might
can
could
...
you
one
mine
some
any
they
them
that
those
myself
...
The Pronouns are substitutes for Nouns or
Noun Phrases, which means they can work
as a Noun or a Noun Phrase.
The Prepositions
against
from
with
in
on
within
at
toward
beneath
under
...
The Prepositions usually explain the spatial
or temporal relationship between the
Nouns and Noun Phrases in a sentence.
As their name suggests, they are positioned
before the Nouns or Noun Phrases (Gerunds)
to make adverbials.
The Conjunctions
and
but
or
because
when
if
though
unless
that
...
The Conjunctions connect words, sentences,
phrases or clauses. They are connectors,
connecting whole ideas together.
The Articles
a
an
the
The Interjections
Cheers!
Hooray!
Ouch!
Wow!
Hi!
Good-bye!
Oh!
Aww!
We now have an idea of the four Major and six Minor families. Going forward, we will study the
families of Grammar Land in depth, and hear more about the exciting history of Grammar Land as
well!
Story #001: The Ten Different Word Families of Grammar Land
1. Major word classes: open classes to which we can add new words. Here, new nouns and verbs
are continually being made. The openness of major word classes will be talked about later on in
[Grammar #003: The Openness of Major Word Groups], page 32.
[ TA B L E #001-1:
Major word classes ]
Ma j o r
Wo rd C l a s s
D e s cr i p t i o n /F un ct i o n
E x am p le
Book 1, 2, 3
Ve r b
Book 5
No u n
f o o d , d i s h , l e g, p i ct ure,
cl o t h e s , d e l ive r y
Book 7, 9
Adjec t ive
h ap py, an g r y, h un g r y,
d e ad , p o o r, p e r f e ct
Book 8, 9
Adverb
t o m o d i f y ve r b s ,
a d j e c t ive s, n o un s a n d
o t h e r a dve rb s o r c l a use s,
p h ra s e s a n d se n t e n c e s
we l l , g re at ly, h ap p i ly,
an g r i ly, p o o rly, p e r f ec tly
2. Minor word classes: closed classes to which we cannot add new words.
[ TA B L E #001-2:
Minor word classes ]
10
Minor
Wo rd C l a ss
D e sc r ip t io n / F u n c t io n
Book 4
Au xi l i ar y
Ver b
to ad d a f unc ti onal or
g rammati c al m eani ng to
ver b s or a s entenc e
c a n , may, sh o u ld , will ,
mig h t , wo u ld
Book 6
Pronoun
to s ub s ti tute f or nouns
or noun p hras es
a ny b o dy, sh e, t h ey,
wh ic h , yo u , t h is, t h a t
Book 5, 12
Article
a, an, the
Book 10
P re po s i t i o n
in , a t , in sp it e o f , o f ,
wit h , wit h o u t , t o, a ga i n s t ,
f o r, b e c a u se o f
Book 11
C o n jun c tio n
to c onnec t word s ,
s entenc es , p hras es or
c l aus es
wh e n , b e c a u se, if ,
a lt h o u g h , p rov id in g,
u n le ss, a n d , bu t , t h a t
In te rje c tio n
to ex p res s p ar ti c ul ar
em oti ons s uc h as
ex c i tement or s ur p r i s e
wow, o u c h , o h , a h , gos h ,
h e llo, go o d - bye
Example
Every word in English belongs to at least one word group. These word families may not seem to be
very important right now, but they are quite important when trying to understand more advanced
English sentence structures. For beginners who might have trouble noticing differences between
word groups, see the Korean Translation Book .
.
If you are having difficulty understanding things so far, dont worry! Repetition and reading often are
the keys to understanding a new language. Reading the stories in this book repeatedly will enhance
your understanding of grammar structures, and in time, you will begin to assimilate information
and understand the flow of English grammar just as a native speaker does.
Professor Hohos
Useful Study Tips
#001: Always use a dictionary and a thesaurus when reading!
good
dictionaries
and
11
[Grammar #001: Word Groups] talked about the 10 major and minor
word groups. Next, lets read a story about a team project crisis occurring
at school. The goal is to determine to which word families the red words
belong. You can refer to the Korean translation on the next page for help. Fill
in the blanks of the table with the red words from the paragraph.
[ ]
[ #001: ] 10 / . ,
.
()
. ( ) .
.
12
10
() , ! ,
,
. ,
. ,
,
9! ? ,
F .
1) Nouns
2) Verbs
3) Adjectives
4) Adverbs
5) Articles/Determiners
6) Pronouns
7) Prepositions
8) Conjunctions
9) Auxiliary Verbs
10) Interjections
13