Grade 12 : Exam Based Important Topics

Anxious about your upcoming

Examinations?
Let us find few important topics of the
following subjects:

Mathematics
Physics
Chemistry
Biology

#GrowWithGreen

Mathematics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Relations and Functions

Inverse Trigonometric
Functions

Types of Relations
One-One Functions, Onto
Functions, Composition of
Functions and Invertible
Functions
Binary operations
Principal Values of Inverse
Trigonometric Functions
Properties of Inverse
Trigonometric Functions

Matrices

Determinants

Multiplication of Matrices and

Related Properties
Symmetric and Skew-Symmetric
Matrices
Finding Inverse of a Matrix
Using Elementary
Transformations
Properties of Determinants
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
Solution of System of Linear
Equations

Mathematics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Continuity and
Differentiability

Application of Derivatives

Integrals

Increasing and Decreasing

Functions
Tangents and Normals to Curves
Maxima and Minima

Integration by the Method of

Substitution
Integration by the Method of
Partial Fractions
Integration by Parts
Definite Integral as Limit of a
Sum
Properties of Definite Integrals

Area Bounded by Two Curves

Application of Integrals

Continuity of a Function
Derivatives of Composite
Functions, Implicit Functions,
Inverse Trigonometric Functions,
Logarithmic Functions, Functions
in Parametric Forms
Second Order Derivatives
Rolle's and Mean Value Theorem

Mathematics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Differential Equations

Vector Algebra

Three Dimensional Geometry

Formation of Differential
Equations representing the family
of curves
Method of Solving Differential
Equations with Variable
Separable
Homogenous Differential
Equations
Linear Differential Equations
Direction Cosines and Ratios
Scalar Product of Vectors and
Projection of Vector on a Line
Vector Product of Vectors
Equation of a Line, Shortest
Distance Between Two Skew
Lines
Equation of a Plane in Normal
Form
Equation of Plane Perpendicular
to Given Vector and Passing
through a Given Point
Equation of Plane Passing
through Three Non-collinear
Points
Plane Passing through the
Intersection of Two Planes

Mathematics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Linear Programming

Formulation and Graphical

Solution of Linear Programming
Problems

Probability

Multiplication Theorem of
Probability, Independent Events
Theorem of Total Probability,
Bayes' Theorem
Mean and Variance of Random
Variable
Binomial Distribution

Physics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Electric Charges and Fields

Electrostatic Potential and

Capacitance

Current Electricity

Coulomb's Law and its

Applications
Electric Dipole
Gauss's theorem and its
applications
Electric potential
Equipotential surfaces
Electrical Potential Energy:
system of two point charges and
of electric dipole in an
electrostatic field
Conductors, Insulators and
Dielectrics
Capacitors: series and parallel
combinations, capacitor with and
without dielectric
Drift Velocity, Mobility and their
relation with Electric Current
Ohm's law,
Electrical Energy and Power
Electrical Resistivity and
Conductivity
Kirchhoff's laws and its
applications
Wheatstone Bridge, Metre Bridge
and Potentiometer

Physics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Moving Charges and

Magnetism

Biot - Savart law and its

applications
Ampere's law and its applications
Force between two parallel
current-carrying
conductors-definition of ampere
The Moving Coil Galvanometer

Magnetism and Matter

The Earths Magnetism

Magnetic Properties of Materials
Magnetic Substances- para, di
and ferro magnetic substances

Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday's laws
Lenz's Law
Eddy Currents
Self and Mutual Induction

Alternating Current

Peak and RMS values of

Alternating Current and Voltage
LC Oscillations
LCR Series Circuit
Resonance
AC Generator and Transformer

Electromagnetic Waves

Properties of Electromagnetic
Waves

Physics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Ray Optics and Optical

Instruments

Wave Optics

Lens formula
Lensmaker's formula
Combination of thin lenses in
contact
Refraction and dispersion of light
through a prism
Scattering of Light
Microscopes and Astronomical
Telescopes
Huygen's principle
Young's double slit experiment
Diffraction due to a single slit
Resolving power of microscopes
and astronomical telescope
Polarisation, plane polarised
light, Brewster's law

Dual Nature of Matter and

Radiation

Photoelectric effect
Einstein's
Photoelectric Equation
de Broglie Relation
Davisson-Germer experiment

Atoms

Bohr Model
Hydrogen Spectrum

Physics
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Nuclei

Radioactivity
Binding Energy
Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion

Semiconductor Electronics

Energy bands in Metals,

Insulators and Semiconductors
Semiconductor Diode: I-V
Characteristics of diode
Diode as a Rectifier
Characteristics of LED,
Photodiode, Solar Cell, and Zener
Diode
I-V Characteristics of Transistor
in different configurations
(Common Base, Common
Emmiter and Common Collector)
Transistor as an Amplifier
Logic Gates

Communication Systems

Elements of a communication
system
Propagation of electromagnetic
waves in the atmosphere, sky and
space wave propagation
Modulation and Its needs

Chemistry
Chapter Name

Important Topics

The Solid State

Solutions

Electrochemistry

Chemical Kinetics

Different crystals lattices and unit

cells
Calculating packing Efficiency
Frenkel and Schottky Defects
Intrinsic and Extrinsic
Semiconductors
Conductions Bands
Colligative Properties- Derivation
and numericals
Henry's Law
Raoults Law
Ideal and Non-ideal solutions
Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis
Nernst Equation
Variation of conductivity and
Molar conductivity with
concentration
Electrolytic and Electrochemical
cell working
Rate Expression, Rate constant,
Order of Reaction
Integrated rate equations- Zero
order and First order
Calculating half life

Chemistry
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Chemical Kinetics

Arrhenius Equation-Activation
Energy

Surface Chemistry

Cleansing action of Soap

Freundlich Adsorption isotherm
Shape selective catalysis
Mechanism of Enzyme catalysis
Micelle formation
Brownian movement, Tyndall
Effect
Zeta Potential

General Principles and

Processes of Isolation of
Elements

Ellingham Diagram

p-Block Elements

Haber's Process
Allotropic forms of Phosphorus
Contact Process
Molecular geometry of
Xenon-Oxygen compounds
Oxo-acids of Sulphur

d- and f- Block Elements

Trends in the physical properties

Lanthanoid Contraction

Coordination Compounds

IUPAC Nomenclature
CFT- Description and its
limitations

Chemistry
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Nature of C-X Bond

Named Reactions/Processes
Chemical Reactions- SN1 and
SN2

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Named Reactions/Processes
Esterification
Reimer-Tiemann Reaction
Williamson synthesis

Aldehydes, Ketones and

Carboxylic Acids

Named Reactions/Processes
Nucleophilic addition reactions
of aldehydes and Ketones
Effects of substituents on the
acidity of carboxylic acids
Tollens' and Fehling's Reagent

Amines

Named Reactions/Processes
Formation of Azo dyes

Biomolecules

Structure of DNA, Nucleic acids

structures
Inversion of sugar

Polymers

Free radical mechanism of

Polymerisation of Ethene
Thermosetting and thermoplastics
Polymers
Vulcanisation of rubber

Chemistry
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Catalytic action of enzymes,

Drug enzyme interaction
Different examples of drugs
Different types of detergents with
examples
Cleansing action of Soaps

Biology
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Reproduction in organisms

Modes of asexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction in
flowering plants

Pre-fertilisation Events
Inbreeding depression
Double fertilisation

Human reproduction

Gametogenesis, Fertilisation and

Events of Pregnancy

Reproductive health

Birth control methods

Sexually transmitted diseases
Techniques to treat infertility

Principles of inheritance and

variation

Mendel's Laws
Post-Mendelian Genetics
Chromosomal Disorders and
Pedigree analysis

Molecular basis of inheritance

Structure of DNA
Experiments of F. Griffith,
Hershey & Chase and Meselson
& Stahl
Mechanism- replication,
transcription and translation
Salient features of genetic code
Lac operon

Biology
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Evolution

Homologous and analogous

organs
Adaptive radiation
Hardy-Weinberg principle

Human health and disease

Life cycle of plasmodium

Causative agents
AIDS
Difference between innate and
adaptive immunity

Strategies for enhancement in

food production

Inbreeding and outbreeding

Single cell protein

Microbes in human welfare

Microbes and their products

Sewage treatment
Biogas production

Biotechnology: principle and

processes

Restriction enzymes
Cloning vectors
Transformation processes

Biotechnology and its

applications

Bt cotton
RNA interference
Gene therapy
Genetically engineered insulin

Organisms and population

Population interactions

Biology
Chapter Name

Important Topics

Ecosystem

Biodiversity and conservation

Pyramids of number, energy and

biomass
Nutrient cycling
Causes of biodiversity losses