IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 04 | October 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Microstrip Wideband Band Stop Filter with IDC

Loaded Open Loop Resonator
Jitendra Kumar
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Madan Mohan Malaviya university of Technology Gorakhpur,
India

R. K. Chauhan
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Madan Mohan Malaviya university of Technology Gorakhpur,
India

Abstract
Microstrip wideband band stop filter with inter-digital capacitor (IDC) loaded open loop resonator for ultra-wideband
applications. The wideband characteristic of the proposed band stop open loop resonator is enhanced due to electrical coupling
gap replaced by IDC. One additional stub is added at the corner of structure to increase the skirt selectivity. The properties of the
designed filter have a small size, wideband rejection and better selectivity for the 50 input and output ports. The proposed band
stop filter covers the size of 0.25_g0.25_g.the proposed filter is designed using commerciality available simulation tool
HFSS.
Keywords: Band stop filter, Folded resonator, Inter-digital capacitor
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

Band stop filter are recently used in wireless communication system. It has many features such as good resolution for ranging,
compact size and high selectivity. In this paper a new compact size band stop filter with IDC open loop resonator is design which
has frequency bandwidth from 3.4 GHz to 6.6 GHz. This has many useful applications for medical imaging system and vehicular
radar systems. Micro strip wideband band stop filter with open stubs for tunable bandwidth can be performed by setting the
position of L-shaped stubs [1]. An additional open stub is used for improving the performance but also arises size problem [2]. A
ripple level was introduced to enhance the rejection level by applying cross coupling across the stop band [3]. By increasing
transmission zero the performance of band stop filter was improved by using extra open circuit quarter wavelength resonator
because of this a large bandwidth was achieved but the size was large [4]. A 5th-order and 5th no. of zeros quasi-elliptic band
stop filter is proposed in [5]. Uniplanar band stop filter has been proposed using two bended open-end stubs and a bended
connecting line between these stubs [6].Another effective approach for improving the stop band performance by using load of
shunt stubs at the input and output terminal [7]. Transmission zero can be obtained by the interference signal between two
transmission paths [8].
In this letter a wideband band stop filter is achieved by inter-digital capacitor loaded (IDC) with open loop resonator and the
performance of band stop filter is much improved. This filter has compact size and ease to fabricate. Many design technique have
been use to minimize the size of micro strip filter [9-11]. But these filters are bulky in size and increase the complexity.
Therefore wide band reject filter have been designed to reduce the complexity and size. An EM simulation is performed using
HFSS simulator based on EM theory of transmission lines.
II. FILTER STRUCTURE
The proposed band stop filter is folded into C shape structure. Its length is less than the wavelength at center frequency 5.5 GHz.
For improving the performance, coupling gap is replaced by interdigital capacitor (IDC) for the sharp rejection at both end, an
additional stub is added at the corner of structure to create the transmission zero of both side of stop band and also increases the
selectivity of band stop filter. The proposed band stop filter is used by electrically coupled open stubs with IDC load. Fig.1
shows the band stop filter using IDC loaded open loop resonator are g /4, where g is the guided wavelength of the micro strip
line at the mid frequency.

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

167

Microstrip Wideband Band Stop Filter with IDC Loaded Open Loop Resonator
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 04 / 032)

Fig.1 Configuration of the compact wideband band reject filter

Band stop filter is design on substrate of thickness (h)= 0.615mm and Rogers RT/ duroid 6006 with relative permittivity 6.15
and 50 line are terminated at both end of filter. HFSS simulation for is used for extracting the coupling coefficient to 50 ohm
micro strip feed.
Study of the structure is done by breaking into two parts one is even mode and second is odd mode excitation. The proposed
band stop resonator is used by electrically coupled open stubs with loaded by inter-digital capacitor.

(a)
(b)
(c)
Fig. 2: (a) Design resonator with open stubs unit. (b) even-mode excitation (c) odd-mode excitation

Proposed band stop filter is based on the electromagnetic (EM) field theory and the Input impedances of the even mode and
odd mode of the transmission line is as follows.
ZOe1 ZOe2
ZOe1 + ZOe2
ZO ZOo2
= o1
Z0o1 + ZOo2

Zoe =
ZOo
Where,
Zoe1 = jZo Cot(l1 ), Zoe2 = jZo Cot(l2 )
ZOo1 = jZ0 tan(l1 ),
ZOo2 = Zo

ZL Cos (l1 ) + jZo Sin (l2 )

Zo Cos (l1 ) + jZL Sin (l2 )
1
ZL =
j(2c)

III. SIMULATION DESIGN

The length of L1 is 6.5mm and L2 is 6.5mm with center frequency of 5.5 GHz. Width of the BSF is 0.93mm and the gap between
inter-digital capacitor is 0.1mm and length of IDC IS 0.8mm. The input port is terminated at the 50 line as well as output port.
The center frequency lies at 5.5 GHz, and the overall bandwidth is 3.20 GHz below the 3 (dB). Fig.3 is shown the simulation
result of the wideband BSF which has insertion loss (S21) is -16 dB and return loss (S11) is -0.05 dB. The overall physical size is
0.25g0.25g .

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

168

Microstrip Wideband Band Stop Filter with IDC Loaded Open Loop Resonator
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 04 / 032)

Fig. 3: frequency responses of the proposed wideband band reject filter

Table 1
COMPARISON WITH MANY WIDEBAND BANDSTOP FILTER
Ref.

0 ()

Order

No. of zeros

FBW %

Attenua-tion (dB)

[1]
[3]
[5]
[7]
[8]
This work

6.1
4
1.5
1
2
5.5

1
5
5
7
1

2
3
5
5
4
2

47
113
140
100
64

33.9
23
20
20
20
17

Size
2
0.101
0.181
0.040
0.056
0.109
0.062

IV. CONCLUSION
A compact microstip wideband band stop filter with IDC loaded open loop resonator is designed. The proposed band stop filter
has wide bandwidth of stop band, good insertion loss (S21) -16 dB and good return loss (S11) -0.05 dB. Proposed Filter has also
very small in size as compare to other previously reported band stop filters that are given in Table 1 and designed resonator
increases the sharp selectivity without increase the patch size.
REFERENCES
Bhanu Shrestha, Nam-Young Kim, Microstrip wideband bandstop filter with open stubs for UWB application, M icrowave and optical technology
Letters/Vol.57. No.4.April 2015.
[2] Wen-Hua and Kai Chang, Compact microstrip bandstop filter using open stub and spurline," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett. vol. 15, no. 4, pp.
268-270, Apr. 2005.
[3] H. Shaman and J.-S. Hong, Wideband band stop filter with cross- coupling, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 17801785, Aug.
2007.
[4] M. Hsieh and S. Wang, Compact and wideband microstrip bandstop filter, IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett. 15 (2005), 472 474.
[5] Si-Wei Ren, Lin-Sheng Wu, Quasi-Elliptic Wideband Bandstop Filter Using Stepped-Impedance Coupled Line IEEE microwand wireless components
letters, vol. 25, no. 6, June 2015.
[6] Adnan Grr, Uniplanar Compact Wideband Bandstop Filter IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, vol. 13, no. 3, march 2003.
[7] L. Li, Q.-H. Wu, K.-Y. Zhao, J. Li, and Y.-M. Wang, Sharp-rejection and ultra-wide bandstop filter with five transmission zero frequencies, IET Microw.
Antennas Propag. vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 8085, Jan. 2014.
[8] M.A.Snchez-Soriano,G.Torregrosa-Penalva, and E. Bronchalo , Compact wideband bandstop filter with four transmission zeros,IEEE Microw. Wireless
Compon. Lett. vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 31315, Jun.2010.
[9] Hong, J. S., "Dual-mode microstrip open-loop resonator and filters," IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 55, No. 8, 1764-1770, Aug. 2007.
[10] Gu, J. Z., F. Zhang, C. Wang, Z. Zhang, M. Qi, and X. W. Sun."Miniaturization and harmonic suppression open-loop resonator bandpass filter with
capacitive terminations," IEEE Microwave.Symposium Digest, 373-376, Jun. 2006.
[11] X. H. Wang, B. Z. Wang, H. Zhang, and K. J. Chen, A tunable banstop resonator based on a compact slotted ground structure, IEEE Transaction on
Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 55, No. 9, pp. 912-1918, 2007.
[1]

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

169