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TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
BACHELOR IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
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computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected
to the Internet.
On October 4, 1957, the Soviets launched Sputnik, man's first foray into outer
space, and the U.S. government under President Eisenhower subsequently launched an
aggressive military campaign to compete with and surpass the Soviet activities. From the
launch of Sputnik and the U.S.S.R. testing its first intercontinental ballistic missile, the
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was born. ARPA was the U.S. government's
research agency for all space and strategic missile research.
One of ARPA's goals was to connect mainframe computers at different universities
around the country so that they would be able to communicate using a common language
and a common protocol. Thus the ARPAnet -- the world's first multiple-site computer
network -- was created in 1969.
2) Advantages and disadvantages of using computer?
Advantages
Unlimited Communication: The Internet has made it easy for people to
Disadvantages
Spam Mail: Spamming is the sending of unwanted and useless
Virus, Trojan & Other Malware: These are malicious programs that plague the
and seamless.
Online Services and E-commerce: Today it is possible to carry out financial
to the Internet.
Kids Exposed to Adults-Only Content: The fact that Internet has all information you
thing.
things online.
Entertainment: -
This
is
because
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Credit/debit
card
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are
particularly
They are low-cost. The previous two points lead to a third, which is perhaps the most
important benefit of Web 2.0 tools. These tools are a fraction of the cost to provide
and even lower cost to maintain. Granted, they generally include fewer capabilities,
but some organizations see that as an additional benefit.
It takes little effort to make them productive. Another benefit of Web 2.0 is the
ability to fail. What this means is that when an organization selects an enterprise
software application, the cost and the effort to implement it generally demand that it
be used by everyone in the organization, even when it comes with a steep learning
curve and even when it isnt necessarily the right tool for every usage.
Personal Websites
Internet Service Provider or Domain Registrar may offer free server space to
create your own website that might include some family photos and an online
diary.
Blogging Websites
People took the words Web Logs and shortened it to Blogsonline diaries,
journals, or editorials,
E-commerce Websites
There are millions of small businesses who use their e-commerce websites to sell
their products over the Internet.
systems like Google, Bing and Yahoo! Search that enable users to search for documents
on the World Wide Web.
6) What is IP address and how it is used?
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each
device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet
Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two principal functions: host or
network interface identification and location addressing. Its role has been characterized as
follows: A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A route
indicates how to get there.
For computers to communicate with each other through a network it is necessary
to be able to identify specific computers over a network.
An example of an IP address is 195.195.92.161 this translates to
11000011.11000011.01011100.10100001 in binary.
These numbers may look complicated but when explained they are very simple.
The use of IP addressing is no different to the use of a phone number. Phone numbers are
used as a way of communicating with specific people. Phone numbers use both and area
code and identifier. IP addressing uses a similar method of identification. It uses a
network number and an identifier number.