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JTEKT has succeeded in the practical application of two types of low friction torque bearings which have 40%
to 50% less friction torque than that of the conventional low friction torque tapered roller bearing (LFT-) in
automobile differential pinion. One is the super-low friction torque tapered roller bearing (LFT-), which has
achieved lower friction torque with an optimized internal geometry and lubricating oil inflow control. The other
is the tandem angular contact ball bearing, which has achieved lower friction torque by changing bearing types
from tapered roller bearings to ball bearings. These bearings are expected to reduce CO2 emissions by improving
automobile fuel efficiency.
Key Words: tapered roller bearing, tandem ac, low friction torque, high efficiency, differential pinion
2. LFT-
Ring gear
Oil flow
Rotation
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POWER TRAIN
3), 4)
1. Introduction
2. 2 Features of LFT-
POWER TRAIN
Agitating
resistance
30%
Rolling viscosity
resistance
65%
Inflow control of
lubricating oil
Reduction of Agitating
resistance
Optimization of roughness
and profile for large rib
and roller end face
Quicker discharge of
oil by improved pumping
performance
Downsizing
Application of heat
treatment for long life
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Applied technology
Standard
LFT-
LFT-
LFT-
Optimization of
roughness and
prole for large rib
and roller end face
Raceway crowning
Optimization of
internal geometry
Inow control of
lubricating oil
: Applied
3. Tandem AC
3. 1 Features of Tandem AC
Application of
carbonitriding
heat treatment
to inner ring
PCD-S
PCD-L
Application of
resin retainer
4.5
1
Tapered roller bearing
Tandem AC
0.1
Less than
0.002%
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
Rotational torque, Nm
10
4.0
3.5
3.0
1
2.5
0.78 Nm
2.0
1.5
0.16 Nm
1.0
2
0.5
0.0
Preload, kN
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POWER TRAIN
oil was used and the inner ring front face of the test bearing
was filled with oil by adjusting the quantity of supplied oil.
Oil temperature was set to be constantly at 50.
The relationship between rotational torque and
rotational speed under input torque 20 Nm is shown in
Fig. 8 (a). Torque of LFT- is nearly the same as that of
1
Tandem AC and, under rotational speed 2 000 min , it is
50% smaller compared to that of conventional LFT-.
Next, the relationship between rotational torque and input
1
torque under rotational speed of 2 000 min is shown in
Fig. 8 (b). Although torque of Tandem AC increases in
accordance with increased load and the difference between
Tandem AC and conventional LFT- becomes almost
zero, LFT- can maintain low torque performance even
under these heavy load conditions. This is considered to be
because of larger influence of load on the torque of pointcontact ball bearings than that of line-contact tapered
roller bearings. However, as seen from the relationship
between rotational torque and input torque during running
in Fig. 8 (b), compared with the conventional LFT- at
LFT-
Tandem AC
34.972.225.4
34.972.220.5
34.97931
30.264.321.4
30.264.321.4
30.264.323
Head bearing
3
Tail bearing
3 Tail bearing (LFT-) has no labyrinth structure to control inow oil quantity.
Concern about seizure at low-temperature starting and high speed rotation is taken into account.
Radial load
Filled oil
Spring for
radial load
Oil supply
Sample bearing
Oil supply
Oil level gauge
Coupling
Axial load
Pulley
Filled oil
Torque
meter
Spring for axial load
Oil discharge
Support bearing
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Dierential carrier
LFT- (Conventional)
LFT-
Tandem AC
Ring gear
Driving
motor
Drive pinion
2.5
Rotational torque, Nm
Test bearing
2.0
Pinion gear
Driving
motor
1.5
No engagement of pinion
gear with ring gear
1.0
0.5
0.0
2 000
4 000
6 000
30
Rotational torque, Nm
LFT- (Conventional)
40%
2.5
25
2.0
Tandem AC
1.5
15
LFT-
1.0
10
50%
0.5
100
200
300
400
20
500
0
600
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
LFT-
(Conventional)
LFT-
Tandem AC
1
(a) Pinion torque (oil temperature 80, rotational speed 2 000 min )
140
135
Oil Temperature,
Rotational torque, Nm
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
LFT-
(Conventional)
LFT-
Tandem AC
1
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POWER TRAIN
3.0
0.0
Torque
meter
Tail bearing
LFT-
(Conventional)
POWER TRAIN
Tandem AC
LFT-
LFT-+Tandem AC
(head)
(tail)
0.0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Torque ratio
Conditions
Input torque: 200 Nm Rotational speed: 2 000 min1
Lubricant: SAE75W-90 gear oil Oil temperature: 50
5. Conclusion
Super low torque technology of tapered roller
bearings and ball bearing substitution technology
have been applied to pinion bearings of passenger car
differentials. As a result, it has been confirmed that low
friction torque bearings can give sufficient low torque
and low temperature rise performance compared to
conventional tapered roller bearings. Each elemental
technology comprising these bearings can also be applied
to transmissions and a wide range of other automobile
applications besides differentials and can contribute to a
reduction in global environmental load.
1 LFT is a registered trademark of JTEKT Corporation.
LFT-
LFT-
Tandem AC
LFT-Tandem AC
Head side
Tail side
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References
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
POWER TRAIN
H. OOSHIMA*
*
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