In this tutorial i am going to discuss building a simple audio player with basic controls like play,

pause, forward, backward, next, previous, playlist and seekbar. This app basically will read all audio
files(.mp3) from sdcard and plays selected song. For this tutorial i am referencing MediaPlayer and
go through it if you need any documentation about usage.

Android MediaPlayer Class

Android SDK is providing MediaPlayer Class to access android in built mediaplayer services like
playing audio, video etc., In this tutorial i am using following functions of this class to control audio
player.
MediaPlayer mp = new MediaPlayer();
// Set data source setDataSource("/sdcard/path_to_song");
// Play audio
mp.start();
// Pause audio
mp.pause();
// Reset mediaplayer
mp.reset();
// Get song length duration - in milliseconds
mp.getDuration();
// Get current duration - in milliseconds
mp.getCurrentDuration();
// Move song to particular second - used for Forward or Backward
mp.seekTo(positon); // position in milliseconds
// Check if song is playing or not
mp.isPlaying(); // returns true or false

1. Designing the Audio Player Layout

Design your audio player using some graphic designing softwares like photoshop. I used photoshop
to design this app layout. If you are not aware of designing just download the required images from
the internet. Following is a screenshot of the audio player which we are going to build in this tutorial.
(You can find this layout PSD in the download code)

2. Preparing Required Icons and Images

Once you are done with your app layout design, prepare the required icons and background images
for the audio player application. Prepare your icons in different states like default, focused and
pressed and place them all in your drawable folder.

3. Writing XML layouts for ICON states

(default/hover/pressed)
After saving all the icons with different states, we need to write xml drawable for each icon. Following
is a sample for play button. Save this file under drawable folder.

btn_play.xml
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:drawable="@drawable/img_btn_play_pressed"
android:state_focused="true"
android:state_pressed="true" />
<item android:drawable="@drawable/img_btn_play_pressed"
android:state_focused="false"
android:state_pressed="true" />
<item android:drawable="@drawable/img_btn_play_pressed"
android:state_focused="true" />
<item android:drawable="@drawable/img_btn_play"
android:state_focused="false"
android:state_pressed="false" />
</selector>

Note: You need to write xml drawable

(likebtn_pause.xml, btn_next.xml etc,.)

for

each

icon

you

used

for

the

player

4. Writing XML design for SeekBar

In this tutorial i used customized SeekBar to show song progress. You can design the style of default
SeekBar using xml styles. In your drawable folder create to xml files and type the following code.
Changing SeekBar background:

seekbar_progress_bg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item>
<clip>
<bitmap xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:src="@drawable/img_seekbar_progress_blue"
android:tileMode="repeat"
android:antialias="true"
android:dither="false"
android:filter="false"
android:gravity="left"
/>
</clip>
</item>
</layer-list>

Changing SeekBar Progress:

seekbar_progress.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:id="@android:id/background"
android:drawable="@drawable/img_seekbar_bg"
android:dither="true">
</item>
<item android:id="@android:id/secondaryProgress">
<clip>
<shape>
<gradient
android:startColor="#80028ac8"
android:centerColor="#80127fb1"
android:centerY="0.75"
android:endColor="#a004638f"
android:angle="270"
/>
</shape>
</clip>
</item>
<item
android:id="@android:id/progress"
android:drawable="@drawable/seekbar_progress_bg"
/>
</layer-list>

Actual seekbar which uses above xml files:

<SeekBar

android:id="@+id/songProgressBar"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:layout_above="@id/player_footer_bg"
android:thumb="@drawable/seek_handler"
android:progressDrawable="@drawable/seekbar_progress"
android:paddingLeft="6dp"
android:paddingRight="6dp"/>

5. Writing XML for Player Layout

So far we created separate xml layout for all the icons, seekbar. Now we need to combine everything
into single layout. Create a new file called player.xml under layout folder and paste the following
code.

player.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/player_background">
<!-- Player Header -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/player_header_bg"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="60dip"
android:background="@layout/bg_player_header"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:paddingLeft="5dp"
android:paddingRight="5dp">
<!-- Song Title -->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/songTitle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textColor="#04b3d2"
android:textSize="16dp"
android:paddingLeft="10dp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:text="The Good, The Bad And The Ugly"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
<!-- Playlist button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnPlaylist"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:src="@drawable/btn_playlist"
android:background="@null"/>
</LinearLayout>
<!-- Song Thumbnail Image -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/songThumbnail"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingTop="10dp"
android:paddingBottom="10dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_below="@id/player_header_bg">
<ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/adele"/>
</LinearLayout>
<!-- Player Footer -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/player_footer_bg"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:background="@layout/bg_player_footer"

android:gravity="center">
<!-- Player Buttons -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:background="@layout/rounded_corner"
android:paddingLeft="10dp"
android:paddingRight="10dp">
<!-- Previous Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnPrevious"
android:src="@drawable/btn_previous"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@null"/>
<!-- Backward Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnBackward"
android:src="@drawable/btn_backward"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@null"/>
<!-- Play Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnPlay"
android:src="@drawable/btn_play"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@null"/>
<!-- Forward Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnForward"
android:src="@drawable/btn_forward"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@null"/>
<!-- Next Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnNext"
android:src="@drawable/btn_next"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@null"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
<!-- Progress Bar/Seek bar -->
<SeekBar
android:id="@+id/songProgressBar"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"

android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:layout_above="@id/player_footer_bg"
android:thumb="@drawable/seek_handler"
android:progressDrawable="@drawable/seekbar_progress"
android:paddingLeft="6dp"
android:paddingRight="6dp"/>
<!-- Timer Display -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/timerDisplay"
android:layout_above="@id/songProgressBar"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp">
<!-- Current Duration Label -->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/songCurrentDurationLabel"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="left"
android:textColor="#eeeeee"
android:textStyle="bold"/>
<!-- Total Duration Label -->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/songTotalDurationLabel"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="right"
android:textColor="#04cbde"
android:textStyle="bold"/>
</LinearLayout>
<!-- Repeat / Shuffle buttons -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="@id/timerDisplay"
android:gravity="center">
<!-- Repeat Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnRepeat"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/btn_repeat"
android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
android:background="@null"/>
<!-- Shuffle Button -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnShuffle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:src="@drawable/btn_shuffle"
android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
android:background="@null"/>
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

The above xml will give following output layout.

6. Writing XML for PlayList ListView

Playlist is displayed using a listview. If you are not aware of listview go through this Android ListView
Tutorial and get an idea of listview layout.

 Create an xml file under drawable folder and name it as list_selector.xml and type following
code. This xml is used for gradient background for list item.

list_selector.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- Selector style for listrow -->
<item
android:state_selected="false"
android:state_pressed="false"
android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg" />
<item android:state_pressed="true"
android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg_hover" />
<item android:state_selected="true"
android:state_pressed="false"
android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg_hover" />
</selector>

Create a new xml file under layout layout folder and name it as playlist.xml and type the
following code. This xml file is for listview.

playlist.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ListView
android:id="@android:id/list"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:divider="#242424"
android:dividerHeight="1dp"
android:listSelector="@drawable/list_selector" />
</LinearLayout>

Also

create

new

xml

file

under layout

folder for

single

List

Item.

Name

file

asplaylist_item.xml and type following code. This xml file is for single list item which holds song
title.

playlist_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center"
android:background="@drawable/list_selector"
android:padding="5dp">
<TextView

android:id="@+id/songTitle"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16dp"
android:padding="10dp"
android:color="#f3f3f3"/>
</LinearLayout>

By using above layout we can achieve following list view by loading data into it.

7. Writing Class for reading MP3 files from

SDcard
So far we are done with static layouts for the player. Now the actual code starts.
Create a new class file and name it as SongsManager.java. This class will read all the files from
device sdcard and filters the files which are having .mp3 extension.

SongsManager.mp3
package com.androidhive.musicplayer;

import
import
import
import

java.io.File;
java.io.FilenameFilter;
java.util.ArrayList;
java.util.HashMap;

public class SongsManager {

// SDCard Path
final String MEDIA_PATH = new String("/sdcard/");
private ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,
String>>();
// Constructor
public SongsManager(){
}
/**
* Function to read all mp3 files from sdcard
* and store the details in ArrayList
* */
public ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> getPlayList(){
File home = new File(MEDIA_PATH);
if (home.listFiles(new FileExtensionFilter()).length > 0) {
for (File file : home.listFiles(new FileExtensionFilter())) {
HashMap<String, String> song = new HashMap<String, String>();
song.put("songTitle", file.getName().substring(0,
(file.getName().length() - 4)));
song.put("songPath", file.getPath());
// Adding each song to SongList
songsList.add(song);
}
}
// return songs list array
return songsList;
}

/**
* Class to filter files which are having .mp3 extension
* */
class FileExtensionFilter implements FilenameFilter {
public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
return (name.endsWith(".mp3") || name.endsWith(".MP3"));
}
}

8. Writing Class for PlayList ListView

Create a new Activity class for playlist listview. Name the file as PlayListActivity.java This class will
display list of songs in list layout by using SongsManager.java class

PlayListActivity.java
package com.androidhive.musicplayer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import

android.app.ListActivity;
android.content.Intent;
android.os.Bundle;
android.view.View;
android.widget.AdapterView;
android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
android.widget.ListAdapter;
android.widget.ListView;
android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

public class PlayListActivity extends ListActivity {

// Songs list
public ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,
String>>();
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.playlist);
ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsListData = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,
String>>();
SongsManager plm = new SongsManager();
// get all songs from sdcard
this.songsList = plm.getPlayList();
// looping through playlist
for (int i = 0; i < songsList.size(); i++) {
// creating new HashMap
HashMap<String, String> song = songsList.get(i);

// adding HashList to ArrayList

songsListData.add(song);

// Adding menuItems to ListView

ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, songsListData,
R.layout.playlist_item, new String[] { "songTitle" }, new int[] {
R.id.songTitle });
setListAdapter(adapter);
// selecting single ListView item
ListView lv = getListView();
// listening to single listitem click
lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
int position, long id) {
// getting listitem index
int songIndex = position;

}
}

// Starting new intent

Intent in = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),
AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.class);
// Sending songIndex to PlayerActivity
in.putExtra("songIndex", songIndex);
setResult(100, in);
// Closing PlayListView
finish();

});

9. Helper Class functions

Create a new class called Utilities.java for handling extra work like converting time to progress
percentage and vice-versa. Also it has function to convert millisecond to a timer string which will
displayed on the seekbar of the player.

Utilities.java

package com.androidhive.musicplayer;
public class Utilities {

/**
* Function to convert milliseconds time to
* Timer Format
* Hours:Minutes:Seconds
* */
public String milliSecondsToTimer(long milliseconds){
String finalTimerString = "";
String secondsString = "";
// Convert total duration into time
int hours = (int)( milliseconds / (1000*60*60));
int minutes = (int)(milliseconds % (1000*60*60)) / (1000*60);
int seconds = (int) ((milliseconds % (1000*60*60)) %
(1000*60) / 1000);
// Add hours if there
if(hours > 0){
finalTimerString = hours + ":";
}
// Prepending 0 to seconds if it is one digit
if(seconds < 10){
secondsString = "0" + seconds;
}else{

secondsString = "" + seconds;}

finalTimerString = finalTimerString + minutes + ":" +
secondsString;

// return timer string

return finalTimerString;

/**
* Function to get Progress percentage
* @param currentDuration
* @param totalDuration
* */
public int getProgressPercentage(long currentDuration, long
totalDuration){
Double percentage = (double) 0;
long currentSeconds = (int) (currentDuration / 1000);
long totalSeconds = (int) (totalDuration / 1000);
// calculating percentage
percentage =(((double)currentSeconds)/totalSeconds)*100;
// return percentage
return percentage.intValue();
}
/**
* Function to change progress to timer
* @param progress * @param totalDuration
* returns current duration in milliseconds
* */
public int progressToTimer(int progress, int totalDuration) {
int currentDuration = 0;
totalDuration = (int) (totalDuration / 1000);
currentDuration = (int) ((((double)progress) / 100) *
totalDuration);
// return current duration in milliseconds
return currentDuration * 1000;
}

7. Writing Classes needed for Audio Player

Open your main activity class which deals with main player interface and make the
classimplements from OnCompletionListener, SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener.
In this case my main activity name is AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

public class AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity extends Activity

implements OnCompletionListener, SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {

Now declare all variable needed for this audio player class.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

public class AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity extends Activity

implements OnCompletionListener, SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {
private ImageButton btnPlay;
private ImageButton btnForward;
private ImageButton btnBackward;
private ImageButton btnNext;
private ImageButton btnPrevious;
private ImageButton btnPlaylist;
private ImageButton btnRepeat;
private ImageButton btnShuffle;
private SeekBar songProgressBar;
private TextView songTitleLabel;
private TextView songCurrentDurationLabel;
private TextView songTotalDurationLabel;
// Media Player
private MediaPlayer mp;
// Handler to update UI timer, progress bar etc,.
private Handler mHandler = new Handler();;
private SongsManager songManager;
private Utilities utils;
private int seekForwardTime = 5000; // 5000 milliseconds
private int seekBackwardTime = 5000; // 5000 milliseconds
private int currentSongIndex = 0;
private boolean isShuffle = false;
private boolean isRepeat = false;
private ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,
String>>();

Now reference all buttons, images from xml layout to class.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
// All player buttons
btnPlay = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPlay);
btnForward = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnForward);
btnBackward = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnBackward);
btnNext = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnNext);
btnPrevious = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPrevious);
btnPlaylist = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPlaylist);
btnRepeat = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnRepeat);
btnShuffle = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnShuffle);
songProgressBar = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.songProgressBar);
songTitleLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.songTitle);
songCurrentDurationLabel = (TextView)
findViewById(R.id.songCurrentDurationLabel);
songTotalDurationLabel = (TextView)
findViewById(R.id.songTotalDurationLabel);

// Mediaplayer
mp = new MediaPlayer();
songManager = new SongsManager();
utils = new Utilities();
// Listeners
songProgressBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this); // Important
mp.setOnCompletionListener(this); // Important
// Getting all songs list
songsList = songManager.getPlayList();

Launching PlayList
Write click event listener to playlist button. On clicking playlist button we need to
launchPlayListAcitivity.java and from listview on selecting a particular song we need
getsongIndex.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

/**

* Button Click event for Play list click event

* Launches list activity which displays list of songs
* */
btnPlaylist.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),
PlayListActivity.class);
startActivityForResult(i, 100);
}
});

To receive the selected songIndex add following fucntion. (Make sure that you added this function
outside of onCreate method)

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

/**

* Receiving song index from playlist view

* and play the song
* */
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode,
int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if(resultCode == 100){
currentSongIndex = data.getExtras().getInt("songIndex");
// play selected song
playSong(currentSongIndex);
}
}

Playing Song
Add the following function to your class. This function accepts songIndex as param and plays it.
Also when start playing a song it switches the play button to pause button state.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

/**

* Function to play a song

* @param songIndex - index of song
* */
public void playSong(int songIndex){
// Play song
try {
mp.reset();
mp.setDataSource(songsList.get(songIndex).get("songPath"));
mp.prepare();
mp.start();
// Displaying Song title
String songTitle = songsList.get(songIndex).get("songTitle");
songTitleLabel.setText(songTitle);
// Changing Button Image to pause image
btnPlay.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_pause);
// set Progress bar values
songProgressBar.setProgress(0);
songProgressBar.setMax(100);
// Updating progress bar
updateProgressBar();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

Forward / Backward button click events

Add event listeners to Forward and Backward buttons which forwards or backwards song by
specified seconds.
Forward button click event moves song to specified number of seconds forward

/**

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
* Forward button click event
* Forwards song specified seconds
* */

btnForward.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// get current song position
int currentPosition = mp.getCurrentPosition();
// check if seekForward time is lesser than song duration
if(currentPosition + seekForwardTime <= mp.getDuration())

// forward song
mp.seekTo(currentPosition + seekForwardTime);
}else{
// forward to end position
mp.seekTo(mp.getDuration());
}
});

Backward button click event moves song to specified number of seconds backward

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

/**

* Backward button click event

* Backward song to specified seconds
* */
btnBackward.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// get current song position
int currentPosition = mp.getCurrentPosition();
// check if seekBackward time is greater than 0 sec
if(currentPosition - seekBackwardTime >= 0){
// forward song
mp.seekTo(currentPosition - seekBackwardTime);
}else{
// backward to starting position
mp.seekTo(0);
}

});

Next / Back button click events

Add click listeners to next and back buttons.
Next button click event which plays next song from the playlist if presents else plays first song

/**

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
* Next button click event
* Plays next song by taking currentSongIndex + 1

* */
btnNext.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// check if next song is there or not
if(currentSongIndex < (songsList.size() - 1)){
playSong(currentSongIndex + 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex + 1;
}else{
// play first song
playSong(0);
currentSongIndex = 0;
}
}
});

Back button click event which plays previous song if presents or plays last song

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
/**

* Back button click event

* Plays previous song by currentSongIndex - 1
* */
btnPrevious.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(currentSongIndex > 0){
playSong(currentSongIndex - 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex - 1;
}else{
// play last song
playSong(songsList.size() - 1);
currentSongIndex = songsList.size() - 1;
}
}
});

Updating SeekBar progress and Timer

To update progress bar timer i implemented a background thread which runs in background using a
Handler. If you new to Handler follow this doc. Updating the UI from a Timer

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
/**

* Update timer on seekbar

* */
public void updateProgressBar() {
mHandler.postDelayed(mUpdateTimeTask, 100);
}

/**
* Background Runnable thread
* */
private Runnable mUpdateTimeTask = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
long totalDuration = mp.getDuration();
long currentDuration = mp.getCurrentPosition();
// Displaying Total Duration time
songTotalDurationLabel.setText(""+utils.milliSecondsToTimer(totalDurati

on));

// Displaying time completed playing

songCurrentDurationLabel.setText(""+utils.milliSecondsToTimer(currentDu
ration));
// Updating progress bar
int progress = (int)(utils.getProgressPercentage(currentDuration,
totalDuration));
//Log.d("Progress", ""+progress);
songProgressBar.setProgress(progress);
// Running this thread after 100 milliseconds
mHandler.postDelayed(this, 100);
};

/**
*
* */
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromTouch) {
}
/**
* When user starts moving the progress handler
* */
@Override
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
// remove message Handler from updating progress bar
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mUpdateTimeTask);
}
/**
* When user stops moving the progress hanlder
* */
@Override
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mUpdateTimeTask);
int totalDuration = mp.getDuration();
int currentPosition = utils.progressToTimer(seekBar.getProgress(),
totalDuration);
// forward or backward to certain seconds

mp.seekTo(currentPosition);

// update timer progress again

updateProgressBar();

Repeat button click event

On clicking repeat button we need to set isRepeat to true and vice-versa. Also we need to change
image source of repeat button to focused state.

/**

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
* Button Click event for Repeat button
* Enables repeat flag to true
* */
btnRepeat.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(isRepeat){
isRepeat = false;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Repeat is OFF",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat);
}else{
// make repeat to true
isRepeat = true;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Repeat is ON",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
// make shuffle to false
isShuffle = false;
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat_focused);
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle);
}
}
});

Shuffle button click event

On clicking shuffle button we need to set isShuffle to true and vice-versa. Also we need to change
image source of shuffle button to focused state.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
/**

* Button Click event for Shuffle button

* Enables shuffle flag to true
* */
btnShuffle.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {

if(isShuffle){
isShuffle = false;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Shuffle is OFF",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle);
}else{
// make repeat to true
isShuffle= true;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Shuffle is ON",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
// make shuffle to false
isRepeat = false;
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle_focused);
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat);
}
}
});

Implementing song onCompletion Listener

It is important to implement this listener which will notify you once the song is completed playing. In
this method we need to play next song automatically depending on repeat andshuffle conditions.

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java
/**

* On Song Playing completed

* if repeat is ON play same song again
* if shuffle is ON play random song
* */
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer arg0) {

1) + 0;

// check for repeat is ON or OFF

if(isRepeat){
// repeat is on play same song again
playSong(currentSongIndex);
} else if(isShuffle){
// shuffle is on - play a random song
Random rand = new Random();
currentSongIndex = rand.nextInt((songsList.size() - 1) - 0 +
playSong(currentSongIndex);
} else{
// no repeat or shuffle ON - play next song
if(currentSongIndex < (songsList.size() - 1)){
playSong(currentSongIndex + 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex + 1;
}else{
// play first song
playSong(0);
currentSongIndex = 0;
}
}

Update your AndroidManifest.xml

Update
your
AndroidManifest.xml
to
following
Addandroid:configChanges=keyboardHidden|orientation to your main activity node.

code.

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.androidhive.musicplayer"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<activity
android:name=".AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"

/>

</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".PlayListActivity" />
</application>
</manifest>
<!-- AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity -->

Final Code
Following is complete code for the AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java class.

package com.androidhive.musicplayer;
import
import
import
import

java.io.IOException;
java.util.ArrayList;
java.util.HashMap;
java.util.Random;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;

AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity.java

import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import

android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener;
android.os.Bundle;
android.os.Handler;
android.view.View;
android.widget.ImageButton;
android.widget.SeekBar;
android.widget.TextView;
android.widget.Toast;

public class AndroidBuildingMusicPlayerActivity extends Activity implements OnCompletionList

SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {

private ImageButton btnPlay;

private ImageButton btnForward;
private ImageButton btnBackward;
private ImageButton btnNext;
private ImageButton btnPrevious;
private ImageButton btnPlaylist;
private ImageButton btnRepeat;
private ImageButton btnShuffle;
private SeekBar songProgressBar;
private TextView songTitleLabel;
private TextView songCurrentDurationLabel;
private TextView songTotalDurationLabel;
// Media Player
private MediaPlayer mp;
// Handler to update UI timer, progress bar etc,.
private Handler mHandler = new Handler();;
private SongsManager songManager;
private Utilities utils;
private int seekForwardTime = 5000; // 5000 milliseconds
private int seekBackwardTime = 5000; // 5000 milliseconds
private int currentSongIndex = 0;
private boolean isShuffle = false;
private boolean isRepeat = false;
private ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, St
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.player);

// All player buttons

btnPlay = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPlay);
btnForward = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnForward);
btnBackward = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnBackward);
btnNext = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnNext);
btnPrevious = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPrevious);
btnPlaylist = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnPlaylist);
btnRepeat = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnRepeat);
btnShuffle = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btnShuffle);
songProgressBar = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.songProgressBar);
songTitleLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.songTitle);
songCurrentDurationLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.songCurrentDurationLabel);
songTotalDurationLabel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.songTotalDurationLabel);

// Mediaplayer
mp = new MediaPlayer();
songManager = new SongsManager();
utils = new Utilities();
// Listeners
songProgressBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this); // Important
mp.setOnCompletionListener(this); // Important
// Getting all songs list
songsList = songManager.getPlayList();
// By default play first song
playSong(0);
/**
* Play button click event
* plays a song and changes button to pause image
* pauses a song and changes button to play image
* */
btnPlay.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// check for already playing
if(mp.isPlaying()){
if(mp!=null){
mp.pause();
// Changing button image to play button
btnPlay.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_play);
}
}else{
// Resume song
if(mp!=null){
mp.start();
// Changing button image to pause button
btnPlay.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_pause);
}
}

});

/**
* Forward button click event
* Forwards song specified seconds
* */
btnForward.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// get current song position
int currentPosition = mp.getCurrentPosition();
// check if seekForward time is lesser than song duration

if(currentPosition + seekForwardTime <= mp.getDuration()){

// forward song
mp.seekTo(currentPosition + seekForwardTime);
}else{
// forward to end position
mp.seekTo(mp.getDuration());
}

});
/**
* Backward button click event
* Backward song to specified seconds
* */
btnBackward.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// get current song position
int currentPosition = mp.getCurrentPosition();
// check if seekBackward time is greater than 0 sec
if(currentPosition - seekBackwardTime >= 0){
// forward song
mp.seekTo(currentPosition - seekBackwardTime);
}else{
// backward to starting position
mp.seekTo(0);
}

});

/**
* Next button click event
* Plays next song by taking currentSongIndex + 1
* */
btnNext.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// check if next song is there or not
if(currentSongIndex < (songsList.size() - 1)){
playSong(currentSongIndex + 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex + 1;
}else{
// play first song
playSong(0);
currentSongIndex = 0;
}

});

/**
* Back button click event

* Plays previous song by currentSongIndex - 1

* */
btnPrevious.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(currentSongIndex > 0){
playSong(currentSongIndex - 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex - 1;
}else{
// play last song
playSong(songsList.size() - 1);
currentSongIndex = songsList.size() - 1;
}
}
});
/**
* Button Click event for Repeat button
* Enables repeat flag to true
* */
btnRepeat.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(isRepeat){
isRepeat = false;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Repeat is OFF", Toast.LENGTH_
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat);
}else{
// make repeat to true
isRepeat = true;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Repeat is ON", Toast.LENGTH_S
// make shuffle to false
isShuffle = false;
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat_focused);
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle);
}
}
});
/**
* Button Click event for Shuffle button
* Enables shuffle flag to true
* */
btnShuffle.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(isShuffle){
isShuffle = false;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Shuffle is OFF", Toast.LENGTH
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle);
}else{

}
});

// make repeat to true

isShuffle= true;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Shuffle is ON", Toast.LENGTH_
// make shuffle to false
isRepeat = false;
btnShuffle.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_shuffle_focused);
btnRepeat.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_repeat);

/**
* Button Click event for Play list click event
* Launches list activity which displays list of songs
* */
btnPlaylist.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), PlayListActivity.class);
startActivityForResult(i, 100);
}
});
}
/**
* Receiving song index from playlist view
* and play the song
* */
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode,
int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if(resultCode == 100){
currentSongIndex = data.getExtras().getInt("songIndex");
// play selected song
playSong(currentSongIndex);
}
}
/**
* Function to play a song
* @param songIndex - index of song
* */
public void playSong(int songIndex){
// Play song
try {
mp.reset();
mp.setDataSource(songsList.get(songIndex).get("songPath"));
mp.prepare();
mp.start();
// Displaying Song title
String songTitle = songsList.get(songIndex).get("songTitle");

songTitleLabel.setText(songTitle);
// Changing Button Image to pause image
btnPlay.setImageResource(R.drawable.btn_pause);
// set Progress bar values
songProgressBar.setProgress(0);
songProgressBar.setMax(100);

// Updating progress bar

updateProgressBar();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

/**
* Update timer on seekbar
* */
public void updateProgressBar() {
mHandler.postDelayed(mUpdateTimeTask, 100);
}
/**
* Background Runnable thread
* */
private Runnable mUpdateTimeTask = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
long totalDuration = mp.getDuration();
long currentDuration = mp.getCurrentPosition();

// Displaying Total Duration time

songTotalDurationLabel.setText(""+utils.milliSecondsToTimer(totalDuration))
// Displaying time completed playing
songCurrentDurationLabel.setText(""+utils.milliSecondsToTimer(currentDurati

// Updating progress bar

int progress = (int)(utils.getProgressPercentage(currentDuration, totalDurat
//Log.d("Progress", ""+progress);
songProgressBar.setProgress(progress);

// Running this thread after 100 milliseconds

mHandler.postDelayed(this, 100);

};
/**
*
* */
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromTouch) {

}
/**
* When user starts moving the progress handler
* */
@Override
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
// remove message Handler from updating progress bar
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mUpdateTimeTask);
}
/**
* When user stops moving the progress hanlder
* */
@Override
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mUpdateTimeTask);
int totalDuration = mp.getDuration();
int currentPosition = utils.progressToTimer(seekBar.getProgress(), totalDuration);
// forward or backward to certain seconds
mp.seekTo(currentPosition);

// update timer progress again

updateProgressBar();

/**
* On Song Playing completed
* if repeat is ON play same song again
* if shuffle is ON play random song
* */
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer arg0) {
// check for repeat is ON or OFF
if(isRepeat){
// repeat is on play same song again
playSong(currentSongIndex);
} else if(isShuffle){
// shuffle is on - play a random song
Random rand = new Random();
currentSongIndex = rand.nextInt((songsList.size() - 1) - 0 + 1) + 0;
playSong(currentSongIndex);
} else{
// no repeat or shuffle ON - play next song
if(currentSongIndex < (songsList.size() - 1)){
playSong(currentSongIndex + 1);
currentSongIndex = currentSongIndex + 1;
}else{
// play first song
playSong(0);
currentSongIndex = 0;
}

@Override
public void onDestroy(){
super.onDestroy();
mp.release();
}
}

Sending files to Emulator SDCard (For Testing)

To test this app in your android emulator you need to load your emulator with some songs. You can
send files to emulator sdcard using adb tool which comes with Android SDK.
Navigate
to
your android
SDK
folder/platform-tools/ using
command
line.
And
usingpush command you can send files to sdcard. (Start your emulator before performing push
command)
platform-tools> adb push "c:\Songs\White Flag.mp3" "/sdcard/"