CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

There are quite a few elements that can contribute to failure. According to research
studies, there is no single explanation for failure, but they found seven reasons why
students fail their grades: lack of personal direction, pressure from parents or peers,
laziness, lack of confidence, family or relationship problems, drug problems, and
involvement in social and athletic activities. Each of these explanations dont exclusively
affect their failure, but most students mention two or more of these reasons in their
explanations.
The most common reason why they fail is lack of direction. They just focus on
raising their grades, but they dont even know what they want to be or what their goal in
their life is; therefore, they lose interest by losing direction. Moreover, this explanation
also leads to laziness in their studying.
The second reason that brings about failure is pressure. Pressure can be from either
their parents or peers. Parents compel students to reach a high level of excellence, and
they also have high expectations; therefore students are busy meeting their parents
expectations, and in the end they lose their pace.

To prevent failures, students need to be identified by their abilities in order to pursue

a certain career. This will make them realize their potentials and set a goal in their lives,
which will encourage them to study. Having no goal or direction in life is like walking
without a destination. If you dont have a goal or purpose in your studies, you could lose
your interest and pace in studying. However, having goals that are too big can make
you frustrated and disappointed, so its best to set an appropriate goal that is within your
abilities. One day, you will succeed in what you want to achieve.
While some grade failures stem from external factors and influences, others derive
from internal problems. Drug addiction and low levels of self-confidence, for instance,
factor into academic performance. Some students blame just one factor, such as
problems in relationships with family, friends, and loved ones, for failing grades. Others,
however, identify multiple factors, such as relationship issues and low levels of
confidence.
For some students, grades improve upon resolution of external issues, such as
improving bonds with friends and family. Regardless of whether caused by short or
long-term issues, poor grades have wide-reaching consequences. Having poor grades
exacerbates conditions like low self-esteem, and presents social challenges for students
who perform at standards lower than their peers.
Academic failure affects future academic endeavors, such as application to college,
and sometimes jeopardizes potential for employment too. While some students
overcome problems on their own initiative, many schools provide supportive programs
to encourage learning.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to find out the significant causes of students failure and to find
likely means for modifying failures to successes. This is the main problem that the
researchers need to find solution to.

1.3 Research Questions

There will be a few questions to be answered by the researchers as they work
and study their research. These questions will be the guidelines that would help the
researchers to accomplish their task. First question will be about the profile of the
respondents as to course, year and gender. The second one will be about the causes of
the failures in some subjects of the students. Another one will be on the basis of why
students fail. Lastly and the fourth one will tackle how their grades affect their social
lives.

1.4 Purpose of the Study

This research study will target and point out the main reasons and factors that
affects the students in different aspects that causes them to fail their subjects. This
research study could help the different school administrations to focus their teachings in
a way that it could help the students to catch up to their lessons that would result to
lesser failing issues and problems. This research study could also help the students to

focus themselves so that they could maximize their time in order to perform good in
school and not fail in most of their subjects.

1.5 Significance of the Study

The research and study about the reasons and factors that affect students failure
can lead to better perspective and better results in students performance in school. This
study will benefit not only the student but also the teachers, professors, and those who
are engaged in teaching field. This will benefit them because this study will give
knowledge about the main reasons and factors why students fail, with the information
that this study will provide, it will be easier for them to know the weaknesses of the
students that could give them better perspective and better approach in teachings.
Another significance that the researchers came up with is for the betterment of the
students. This study will be the key to the realization of the students and prepare them
for the aspects and reasons that may cause them to fail in school.

1.6 Theory or Theoretical Perspective

The researchers will find a prevention and solution to the problem, which are the
students who fail. These would help the students to prevent from failing. Furthermore, if
the students wont fail in their studies, the productivity in the country will increase. The

economy of ones country will drastically change. The people will know now how to
prevent these problems.
The second refinement is to allow for four grades. I prefer to reserve a failing
grade to indicate that the student did not do the work or that it was done with so little
care that the work is the equivalent of stray marks on paper, not sufficient even for being
called wrong. (Rapaport, 2011). Also there was this another theory that tells about
children who fail in school are more likely to engage in subsequent health-impairing
behaviors as adolescents like smoking, drinking and drug abuse. Comprehensive
approaches to evaluation and intervention may improve outcomes. Clinicians can make
a significant difference in outcomes by helping the students and their families identify
the causes of failure and advocate for the resources to alter a childs downward
academic performance, preventing further compromise of a childs health (Oman,
2009).
"Failure is instructive. The person who really thinks learns quite as much from his
failures as from his successes. (Dewey, 2015). This statement tells that failure is very
essential for learning because we see failure as an opportunity for students to receive
feedback on their strengths as well as their areas of improvement, all for the purpose of
getting better.

1.7 Research Method

The population of interest in this study is for all students, teachers, and also the
family of the students. The population that is accessible to this study consists of the

students who fail in their studies nowadays. All but one of the measures used in this
study are well-known instruments in the qualitative research. All of the instruments were
administered as part of a structured interview that an evaluation social worker had with
study participants at regular intervals.

1.8 Delimitations and Limitations

The researchers will limit the studies in selected students specially who those
that have a fail grades in selected public schools around Manila. Some of the
researchers studied in public schools and the researchers will go to their former school
to look if there are students who have failing grades. The researchers will not use the
real name of the selected schools and students instead the researchers will make
imaginary names. The researchers will do surveys and ask a little bit questions why
they failed. The researchers may also have a difficulty on making a survey because
some students in public schools are harmful.

1.9 Definition of Key Terms

Heedlessness
A lack of attentiveness or a careless, often reckless disregard for consequences
Inadvertence
A result of inattention
Dereliction

The state of having been abandoned and become dilapidated

Nonfeasance
Failure to perform an act that is required by law